October 9, 2013
An Important note from the Principal Investigator Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL on the document that follows:
The following PowerPoint was presented to the Director and staff of the Lawrence Hall of Science in Berkeley in 2002.
Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL, Ph.D., P.E.
Professor and Principal Investigator for the NSF Funded UC Berkeley WTC Project (Duration: 10-2001 to 9-2002)
1 of 30
By
Abolhassan Astaneh-Asl, Ph.D., P.E., Professor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
University of California, Berkeley
Developing Technologies to Protect Structures
from Extreme Events
A presentation to staff of the Lawrence Hall of Science
Hosted by the Public Programs Division
Organized by Barbara Ando
June 18, 2002
This document is part of the “World Trade Center Post-Disaster Reconnaissance and Perishable
Structural Engineering Data Collection”, a research project funded by the U.S. National Science
Foundation at the Univ. of California Berkeley with Prof. Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL as Principal
Investigator (http://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~astaneh) as the Principal Investigator. Duration of the project
was from 10/2001 to 9/2002. Further Information and project archives are at
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC. © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL.
"This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial -No Derivatives License."
2 of 30
American Institute of Steel Construction
California Department of Transportation
General Services Administration
Golden Gate Bridge and Transportation District
National Science Foundation
University of California
Main Sponsors and Supporters of
A. Astaneh’s Research at UC-Berkeley
3 of 30
Extreme Event for Structures: An “event” that has low probability of
occurrence but high, and usually
catastrophic, consequences.
Examples of Extreme Events:
Earthquakes (natural)
Fires (accidental or intentional)
Tornados (natural)
Hurricanes (natural)
Blasts (accidental or man made)
4 of 30
Extreme Event for Structures: An “event” that has low probability of
occurrence but high, and usually
catastrophic, consequences.
Examples of Extreme Events:
Earthquakes (natural)
Fires (accidental or intentional)
Tornados (natural)
Hurricanes (natural)
Blasts (accidental or man made)
5 of 30
The main objective of my research and
development projects has been to develop
technologies that can be used to prevent
collapse of the structures and massive loss
of lives in a seismic or blast “Extreme
Event”.
6 of 30
Protection of Structures from Seismic Hazard
To study buildings, bridges and other structures to
understand their seismic behavior and to develop
technologies to prevent their collapse and to save
lives
From a Refinery… …to a Campus building
..to major bridges
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
All photos Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
7 of 30
Study Structural Members and Their Connections
• By actual tests or by simulation using computers
“Study bones and their joints!”
8 of 30
Some of the Member and Connections Studied
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
All photos Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
9 of 30
Some of the Member and Connections Studied
Golden Gate
Akashi Kaikyo
Bridge
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
All photos Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
10 of 30
We are in search of connections with ductility
“will bend but not break!”
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
All photos Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
11 of 30
Of course behavior of the structure as a “system”
is the most important item to be understood.
Shaking Table Tests
System Studies:
Computer Simulations Post Event
Investigations
Kobe ‘95
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
All photos Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
12 of 30
A. Astaneh’s Major Research and Design Projects at UCB:
Studies of Earthquake Damage to Structures
Mexico ‘85
Whittier ‘87 Roodbar, ‘90
Loma Prieta ‘89
Kobe ‘95
Northridge ‘94
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
All photos Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
13 of 30
Recent Trends in Steel Design By A. Astaneh-Asl, University of California, Berkeley
Here is an Example: LA Moment Frames
• The fractures caused major concern
in U.S. and in Japan. Studies were
undertaken by A. Astaneh et al. to
investigate safety of damaged
structures.
Tests by M. Engelhardt, University of Texas, Austin
Damaged
Welded
Moment
Frame
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
All photos Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL 14 of 30
Recent Trends in Steel Design By A. Astaneh-Asl, University of California, Berkeley
Analysis of Damaged and Undamaged Frames in Los Angeles
by: A. Astaneh et al.
14-Story
Damaged Frames
Undamaged Frames
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
All photos Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
15 of 30
Seismic Design of
Bolted Top and Bottom Flange Plate
Moment Connections
A. Astaneh-Asl, Ph.D., P.E., Professor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
University of California, Berkeley
August 2000 ( First Edition, July 1995 in “Steel Tips Report: “Seismic Design of Bolted steel Moment-Resisting Frames)
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
All photos Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
16 of 30
Recent Trends in Steel Design By A. Astaneh-Asl, University of California, Berkeley
Semi-rigid Frames
• Semi-rigid and rigid frames were tested on
shaking table.
• Behavior of Semi-rigid Frames was
much better.
• Semi-rigid systems act as passive
energy dissipaters
Semi-rigid
Moment Frames
Tests by A. Astaneh et al.
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
All photos Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
17 of 30
After Northridge Earthquake, many structures
are designed using bolted moment connections
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
18 of 30
Seismic Design and Retrofit of Major Long Span Bridges
Major Projects
in US
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
All photos Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
19 of 30
Seismic Design and Retrofit of Major Long Span Bridges
Astaneh-Black Proposal
20 of 30
Seismic Design and Retrofit of
Major Long Span Bridges
Major Projects
Overseas
Akashi-Kaikyo
21 of 30
Developing High Strength Composite
(Steel+Concrete) Columns Sponsors:
National Science Foundation,
UC-Berkeley A. Astaneh-Asl, C. Chen, M. Aschheim
The benefits of high strength steel and concrete are combined to
produce safer and more economical building columns
Steel Concrete Composite
22 of 30
Developing Technologies to
Prevent Progressive Collapse of Buildings
The car bomb exploded too close to the building, knocking out a column
and transfer girders. Then due to progressive collapse, ½ of the building
collapsed under gravity load.
Terrorist attack and collapse of Murrah Federal Building
23 of 30
Developing Technologies
to Prevent
Progressive Collapse of Buildings
Sponsors:
National Science Foundation,
General Services Administration
UC-Berkeley & LLNL A. Astaneh-Asl, Q. Zhao, R. Hua, W. Li,
D. McCallen, C. Noble,
Eric Madsen, Brant Jones
Vertical
Displacement of
20.8 inches
Column is Gone, Floor
is Still Standing
http://lib.berkeley.edu/ENGI/WTC
Copyright © 2001 Abolhassan ASTANEH-ASL
24 of 30
Developing Composite (Steel+Concrete)
Shear Walls
for Seismic, Fire and Blast Resistance
Components of Composite
Shear Wall
Steel
Plate
Pre-cast
Concrete
Wall
Steel
Columns
and
Beams
Bolts
Sponsor:
National Science Foundation
UC-Berkeley
A. Astaneh-Asl, Qiuhong Zhao,
Ricky Hua, Wendi Li, J. Liu
25 of 30
The World Trade Center Collection of Perishable Data and
Funded by National Science
Foundation on 9/15/2001 UC-Berkeley
A. Astaneh-Asl
An interior column seems to have been hit by an
engine
26 of 30
The World Trade Center Study of Collapse
Sponsor:
National Science Foundation
UC-Berkeley and
MSC Software
A. Astaneh-Asl , J.Shen. C. Heydari
27 of 30
The World Trade Center Study of Collapse
Sponsor:
National Science Foundation
UC-Berkeley and
MSC Software A. Astaneh-Asl , J.Shen. C. Heydari
28 of 30
Congressional Hearing
29 of 30
Concluding Remarks on
1. NSF Sponsored Research
2. Education (K-12 and Graduate)
3. Learning from Disasters (EERI)
4. Infra-Structure of Laboratories (NEES)
30 of 30