The Future of Electronic Counting and Tabulation Systems Worldwide Dr. Ljupcho Antovski...

The Future of Electronic Counting and Tabulation Systems Worldwide

Dr. Ljupcho Antovski [email protected]

IEAS 2011

Dr. Ljupcho Antovski


Security Democracy Easy to use



Content11

Background

Electronic Counting and Tabulation Systems in the past

Development of voting technologies

Security

Ease of Use

Results Tabulation Systems

Implementation Triangle

Opportunities today

Challenges today

CS 1: Integrated Election Information System

CS 2: Supporting all the processes in a Counting Center

CS 3: Real time results

iVote results system

Collecting election materials

The future of Elections

Ubiquitous Elections

Audit

Other possible future directions

Election systems worldwide

Conclusions



Background11

Cofounder and CEO of Innovation

Innovation - iVote™ Elections Platform

Professor of software engineering at the University of Skopje

President of the Technical Committee for ICT at the Macedonian Standardization Institute

Regional experience in Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Albania.



Electronic Counting and Tabulation Systems in the past

22

Electrographic Vote Recorder and Register

The paper ballot system

Mechanical lever voting machines

Punch card systems

Optical Scan

Direct Recording Electronic (DRE)



33

Development of voting technologies



44

Security



55

Security

Cryptography - digital certificates, digital signatures, encryption

Access to the System and Transmitting Data

The first line of defense in any system is physical security

Firewalls

Antivirus software

Well-Defined Standards



66

Ease of Use

Usability is the ease of use and learnability of a human-made object [Wikipedia]

Usability is often overlooked when purchasing election ICT technology

Effectiveness

Efficiency

Satisfaction



77

Results Tabulation Systems

The case of Innovation iVote™ Elections Platform

2006-2011

All processes redesigned to be user - centric

Employed specialists in human-computer interaction

We constantly monitor the processes from the beginning to the end (Look and feel)

New generation of users with different needs

The main focus is on Usability



88

Why do We need a perfect results Tabulation System

Speed

Power

Flexibility

Easy generation of aggregated of information in less time



99

Perfect results Tabulation System

Summary and detailed analysis

Historical statistics

Powerful reports offer advanced data retrieval



1010

Implementation Triangle

Usability

Security

Budget and Time Planning



1111

Opportunities today

Internet voting

Touch screen systems

People with disabilities to vote by themselves, easily and in secrecy

Higher voter turnout

Reduced overall cost to operate and manage the election process

Faster vote counting and delivery of the final election results



1212

Challenges today

Election laws - time and difficulty of changing

Voter confidence in the system

Equal access to Internet

Lack of training

Not enough planning

Time and cost



1313


The case of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Complex electoral system

More than 10 different types of election races

Plurality voting, open lists, referendum.



1414

Election laws

Elicitation of client needs

Time and Cost planning




1515

Integrity

Convenience

Security

iVote supports open and closed lists and different kind of voting models

Enables automatic evaluation of the results from the election process for all the possible types





1616



The case of Kosovo

Frequent changes in the

Materials

Election areas

Material flow

Undocumented procedures

Unstable information system

Lead to:

difficulties in the Risk Management procedures

Additional time spend

Doubt in functionality of the system


1717



Detailed discussions with the client

Avoiding frequent changes or

Applying strict procedures - Risk and Change Management

Analysis and comparison of different election process


1818



Smooth and easy performance of election processes, with better image and control

The best possible way to create processes that are accountable and efficient

Collect all the required data for validation and verification of the: Final Voters Lists, Conditional Ballot Envelopes, Regular Result Forms, Batch Result Forms

Tracking for all the documents that are received into the Counting and Results Center

Administration of the flow of the materials in different areas in the Counts and Results Center


1919




2020




The case od Macedonia

A need for a new, improved, integrated information system that would enable a real time (LIVE) presentation of the results to the public.

2121




Studying the possibility for a new, innovative and effective way to present real time data

Technological challenges

Interesting user interface for presentation for different types of public

2222



The results can be presented in a timely manner for all election races

Review of the candidates in a particular political party

Citizens’ reaction

From hundreds to unprecedented 2.2 million page views on the results web site

Visits from 80 countries

Social Networking (Facebook referring more than 25%)

Focus – USABILITY

CS 3: Real time results2323



CS 3: Real time results2424



iVote results systemEarly parliamentary elections 2011 - Macedonia

2525



iVote results systemEarly parliamentary elections 2011 - Macedonia

2626



Collecting election materials

Bosnia and Herzegovina – by Municipality

Kosovo – one counting center

Macedonia – efforts for collection of data at the poling station level

2727



Focus in the future development of iVote

Smooth and easy performance

Transparency

Integrity, convenience and security

Accountable and efficient

Customizable

User-friendliness

2828



Challenges of using Mobile devices2929



The future of Elections: Social Elections

No paper ballots, no need for complex elections

Maybe still have some e-voting elements

Seamless, based on Social Networking

Like Google, Facebook, LinkedIn, Amazon do for advertisements’ personalization

Election choice will be based on the electronic profile of the citizen

3030



Ubiquitous Integration and Control

Social media and mobile devices contribute to the possibilities for UBIQUITUS INFORMATION FLOW which means enormous integration in all aspects

Better control and prevention of illegal actions

Not only tabulation but also audit and early warning system

Comparison algorithms, f.e.

Signatures in Final Voter List & Used Ballots

Used Ballots & SUM ( Valid Ballots + Invalid Ballots + Blank Ballots)

3131



Audit

Are recounts necessary to verify the election outcomes?

Any unintentional errors?

Fraud?

Continuous improvement in the conduct of the elections processes

Promoting public confidence in elections

3232



Other possible FAR future directions

Tabulation-integrated systems based on peoples' attitudes and perceptions

Non-invasive ubiquitous external sensors reading data from different centers in our brains

Process the brain data for:

political orientation

emotional view on candidates

social requirements and expectations

rational reasoning

Choose the closed matching candidate using fuzzy logic reasoning and neural networks

3333



Election systems worldwide3535



Conclusions

The main concerns of the software developers at the moment are security, time and resources issues

Designing for usability

Include human-computer interaction experts in the teams

User –centric process reengineering

Plan sufficient time

Plan sufficient budget

Build trust in the system

3434

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