The Future of NEXRAD 2nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology July 10-12, 2007 Mike...

The Future of NEXRADThe Future of NEXRAD2nd Workshop on

NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology

July 10-12, 2007July 10-12, 2007

Mike IstokNPI Development Manager

NWS – Office of Science and [email protected]

Slide 22nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD

Overview

• NEXRAD Product Improvement Progress and Plans

• Current Projects– TDWR

– Super Resolution

– Dual Polarization

• Schedules: WSR-88D 9-12, SPG 2-3, AWIPS 8-9 & II

• Common Operations and Development Environment

• Priorities: Radar Data Capability Enhancements

• Summary


NPI: Progresss and Plans

High Resolution (8bit) ReflectivityHigh Resolution (8bit) VelocityLAN-LAN ORPG-AWIPSSuper Ob for NCEPRainfall Bias TableREC Clutter LikelihoodUser Selectable Layer ReflectivityHodograph From VWPRainfall Bias Table Phase 2High Resolution Storm Relative VelocityHigh Resolution Storm Relative Velocity Phase 2Improved Error ReportingEnhanced High Resolution VILDigital Storm Total PrecipitationLegacy Meso Rapid UpdatePrecipitation Rate/Accumulation for New VCPsEnhanced High Resolution Echo TopsHodograph From VWP Phase 2Product Removal: Mesocyclone Detection Algorithm Phase 1PPS EPRE for New VCPs and new blockage fileAWIPS/RPG Class 2 Dial ReplacementLevel II Central CollectionNew VCPs: 4.2 min, new elevation angles, MPDATornado Rapid UpdateMesocyclone Detection Algorithm(MDA) Phase 2Compress 8bit products (Z, V, DHR) B 6Class 2 user access to any product in database B 7 N/AIncrease WAN OTR Flow Control B 7 N/AExpand RPS list size B 7 OB 5

AWIPSB 5.2.1

OB 3

OB 1OB 1

OB 1OB 1

OB 3

B 5.2.2OB 1

B 5.2.1B 5.2.1B 5.2.2

OB 3

OB 2N/A

OB 4

OB 4

OB 2OB 3OB 3

OB 2

NEXRADB 1.1B 1.1B 1.1B 2B 2B 2B 3B 3B 3N/A

N/A

B 3B 3

B 4

B 4

B 3

N/A

B 4B 4

B 5

B 5B 6

B 5

B 5

B 5

N/A

B 5N/AOB 3N/AOB 3

OB4&4.2

No Work Expected

Deployed

Under Formal Test

Target Is Next Build

Future Work

J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N DBuild 8

SPG 1

CY 2002 CY 2003 CY 2004 CY 2005

5.2.1Build 4 Build 6Build 5Build 2Build 1.1

SPG 1 iOB3OB25.2.2 OB1

CY 2006

OB7.1Build 7OB5 OB6OB4 OB4.2

Build 3

J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D

SPG 3

Build 9 Build 10OB7.2 OB8.2 OB8.3 OB9

CY 2008 CY 2009 CY 2010

Build 11

CY 2007

OB8.1 AWIPS2SPG 2

Add dedicated WAN port and 2 OTR ports B 8 OB 6 WAN Aggregate Flow Control B 8 N/ATDWR Base Reflectivity, Velocity, Spectrum WidthSnow AccumulationSCIT filterLevel III Status ProductAdd products to default generation list B 8Plan view display of VWPAll Tilts ImprovementsR/V Ambiguity Mitigation (SZ-2)MDA Phase 3(alerting, CR, RCM, Low Core 20km SCIT)Gererate products for non-associated user requests B 9 OB 7.2Environmental Data Ingest (RUC) B 9 OB 7.2Machine Intelligent Gust Front Algorithm: MIGFA Phase IIncrease frame relay link speed to DOD and FAA RPGs B 9? N/AAdd products to TDWR SPG (VWP, ULR, dealiasing) OB 7.2Add products to TDWR SPG (SCIT, MDA, TVS, PPS) OB 8.2Super-resolution 88D base productsMDA Phase 4(remove legacy M and MRU)Environmental Data Ingest (GFS) B 11Dual PolarizationORDA Moment Variance ReductionARSR-4, ASR-11, Canada Radar

OB?

OB 7.1N/AN/A OB 7.1

N/A SPG3

B 11? N/A

OB 8.3

AWIPS

N/A

OB 7.1SPG 1

? SPG

SPG2

SPGNEXRAD

N/A

B 9

B 6

B 11

B 8B 8

B 10

OB 5

OB 6N/A

?

OB 7.1B 9

B 12?

B 9

N/AN/A

OB 8.2

N/A

OB 7.1


BostonBoston

DCDCPhillyPhilly

Pittsburgh

RaleighRaleigh

CharlotteCharlotte

AtlantaAtlanta

MelbourneMelbourne

MiamiMiamiTampaTampa

HoustonFt. Worth

Phoenix

Las Vegas

Salt Lake City

Denver

Minneapolis

OKC

Tulsa

Wichita

KCSt. Louis

MilwaukeeMilwaukee

Chicago

DetroitDetroit

Indy

MemphisNashville

LouisvilleWilmington

ClevelandCleveland

NYCNYC

San JuanSan Juan

New OrleansNew Orleans

TDWR Sites/ WFO SPG StatusJuly 18, 2006

1 TDWR/WFO2 TDWRs/WFO3 TDWRs/WFO4 TDWRs/WFODeployed SPG Bld1Central SPG Sites

Association Key


SPG Functional Capabilities Build 1 Build 2 Build 3+Class 1 Users: Dedicated LAN (1Mbps) & Remote via WAN (64Kbps) LAN Yes LAN&WAN Yes no changeClass 2 Users: One-Time Request Y, support only Y, ops like 88D no changeClass 2 OTR Ports and Flow Control [email protected] each 4@64kbps aggr.Local Base Data Logging 3 day, default on 7 day, default on no changeBZIP2 Compression of 8bit Products No Yes no changeZ:Long Range Scan Base Reflectivity Product (16 & 256 levels) 150nmi/600m 225nmi/300m no changeZ:Short Range Base Reflectivity Products (16 & 256 levels) 48nmi/300m 48nmi/150m no changeV:Base Velocity Products (16 & 256 levels) 48nmi/150m no change no changeV:Velocity Mode Interval 1m/s 0.5m/s or 1m/s no changeV:Velocity Dealiasing TDWR 88D or TDWR +RUC EWTSW:Spectrum Width Base Products (8 levels) 48nmi/150m no change no changeVAD:Velocity-Azimuth-Display Product No Yes no changeVWP:VAD Wind Profile Product No Yes no changeULR:User Layer Reflectivity (CAPPI) Product No Yes no changeASP: Radar Status Log Product No Yes no changeMD, DMD: Mesocyclone Detection Algorithm Products No No YesSCIT, HI: Storm Cell and Identification Algorithm Products No No YesTVS: Tornado Vortex Algorithm Product No No YesCZ:Composite Reflectivity Product No No YesVIL:Vertically Integrated Liquid Product No No YesET: Echo Tops Product No No YesDHR, HSR, OHP, THP, STP, DPA: Precipitation Accumulation Products No No Yes

AWIPS Functional Capabilities OB6 OB7.2 OB8.2Products Accessible via RPS, dedicated OTR, and WAN OTR Z, V, SW +VWP,VAD,ULR +DMD,etc.Products Displayable in D2D as just another radar Yes no change no changeProduct Tools in D2D as just another radar (8bit SRM, All Tilts, Vr Shear) Yes no change no changeTemporal Resolution: 1 minute surface scans Yes no change no changeSpatial Resolution: 150m range bins Yes no change no changeIncluded on State/Regional Scale Mosaic Long Range Z +VWP +CZ, VILWeather Event Simulator (WES) Yes no change no changeWDTB Training Module Yes no change no change



WSR-88D Super Resolution

• New 8bit Base Products for Reflectivity, Velocity, and Spectrum Width– Initially, just on split cuts (lowest 2 or 3 elevations)– ½ degree radials– ¼ km range bins– Doppler Velocity and Spectrum Width to 300km

• Future Plans– Signal processing techniques to reduce variance

– Over-sampling– Whitening

– Algorithm tuning– Mesocyclone– TVS– Precipitation








WSR-88D Dual Polarization

• Base data products– Differential Reflectivity (ZDR)

– Correlation Coefficient (RHOhv)

• Derived products– Specific Differential Phase (KDP)

– Melting Layer Algorithm (MLDA)– Hydrometeor Classification Algorithm (HCA)

– Discriminate hail, rain, snow, biological targets, and clutter

– Rainfall accumulation algorithm (QPE)– Based on a combination of polarimetric parameters KDP and

ZDR, and the current linear horizontal reflectivity parameter Z


Mel

ting

Laye

r

Dig

ital I

nst.

Pre

cip

Rat

e (in

/hr)

Inst

. Pre

cip

Rat

e E

lev

One

Hou

r A

ccum

Dig

. One

-Hou

r A

ccum

Sto

rm T

otal

Acc

um

Dig

. Sto

rm T

otal

A

ccum

Dig

ital U

ser-

Sel

ecta

ble

Acc

um

Dig

. One

-Hou

r D

iffer

ence

Acc

um

Dig

. Sto

rm T

otal

D

iffer

ence

Acc

um

Sup

plem

Dat

a

R DZD ZDR DCC CC DKD KDP DHC HC ML DPR PRE OHA DOA STA DSA DUA DOD DSD

# 159 158 161 160 163 162 165 164 166 176 169 170 171 172 173 174 175

A ML DPR PRE OHA DOA DUA DOD DSD

Raw as rcvd from RDA Y/N N N N N

Preprocessor Output Y/N Y Y Y Y Y Y

RPG ICD Packet Code 16 af1f 16 af1f 16 af1f 16 af1f e03,802 28 af1f 16 af1f 16 16 16 16

QPE Clock vs Running R R R R R R hhmm or R R R

Number of Data Levels 256 16 256 16 256 16 20 12 4 65536 256 16 256 16 256 256 256 256 n/a

SRLR 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 n/a

SRLR 250 250 2000 250 2000 250 250 250 250 n/a

SR rda/rc rda/rc

LR none none

Compression Method BZ2 rle BZ2 rle BZ2 rle BZ2 rle BZ2 BZ2 rle BZ2 rle BZ2 BZ2 BZ2 BZ2 n/a

Max Range km 300 230 300 230 300 230 300 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 n/a

Generation Frequency E/V Elev Vol Elev Vol Vol Vol Vol Vol or hhmm Vol Vol Vol

Grid Type x,y

Data Value Scale type linear

Min & Max (precision) Data Values

-7.9,7.9 (.0625)

-4,6 (.25-3)

0.2,1.05 (.00333)

0.2,1.05 (.01-.25)

-2,I0 (.05)

-2,7 (.25-3)

0.0,65.535 (0.001)

min 93 93 93 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

max 337 337 337 6 663 663 21 331 28 339 331 331 331

avg 236 236 236 663 663 21 331 28 339 331 331 331

min 21 9 21 9 21 9 0.1

6 265.2 265.2 8.4 132.4 11.2 135.6 132.4 132.4 132.4

avg 86 16 86 16 86 16

RPS max Mb/hr per site max 9.95 39.78 0.32 4.97 0.42 5.09 9.93 n/a n/a

RPS List precip mode 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 n n

RPS List clear-air mode 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 n n

OTR dedicated Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

OTR distant Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

RMR distant Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Multicast (4 or < 3.6deg) 4 4 4 4 Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y

SBN 4 4 4 4 Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y

NCDC Archive 4 4 4 4 Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y

250

1

152 23

Mode9 use4th

same as xmit

1

Polar

1

Classeslike PPS

DSP

like PPS DSP

like PPS OHP

like PPS STP

like PPS DSP

same as xmit

152 23 152 23

same as xmit

Technical Requirements for WSR-88D Dual Polarization

Products rev8 7June2007-mi

Pro

duct

Acc

ess

Pro

duct

Cha

ract

eris

tics

Product Transmission Size (Kilo bytes) during Widespread Svr Wx

Product Storage Size (Kilo bytes) Uncompressed

Siz

ing

Product Mnemonic (RPG and AWIPS) and Message Code (#)

Res Reduction Method

max

Azm Resolution (deg) on super & legacy res cuts

1000250 250Rng Resolution (m) on super & legacy res cuts

1000

1

Cor

rela

tion

Coe

ffici

ent

Hyd

rom

eteo

r C

lass

ifica

tion

HCA

Final

Spe

cific

Diff

eren

tial

Pha

se (

deg/

km)

Accepted

DP Base Products

Diff

eren

tial R

efle

ctiv

ity

(db)

Good

linear aka DSP w/ +/-

Poor Unknown

Quantitative Precip Est(QPE)

STA

aka DSP w/ +/-

Moderate

250

HC

Degree of Agreement

Polar

Elev

Polar

11 11

1000

ZDR CC KDP

Elev Elev

1

250 1000

Polar

linear

Elev

Polar

linear


Supercell Thunderstorm Producing Softball-Size Hail


Schedules: WSR-88D 9-12, SPG 2-3, AWIPS 8-9 & II Build 10+, OB9+, SPG 3+ dates are tentative

7/5/2007 mjiAWIPS as of 7/5/07 J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D

OB8.1 (svr 6/29) SwIT Deploy

Repair Release Repair 8.1

OB8.2 (svr 12/14) Design, Code, Test SwIT Deploy


OB8.3 (svr 5/30) Design, Code, Test SwIT Deploy


OB9 (svr 1/9) Design, Code, Test SwIT Deploy

AWIPS II Baseline Application Migration (TO 8,9,10,11) OT&E Deploy

WSR-88D as of 7/5/07

Build 9 - RPG Refresh 9

Build 10 - Super-Res 10

Build 11 - Dual Pol arb ed ca sr v2 11

Build 12 12 sr 12

SPG Build 2 2

SPG Build 3 3

AWIPS OB'sDev and Test Phases Test

Radar Build's

AW

IPS

WS

R-8

8DS

PG

2009 2010

beta

integration system ops beta

SyAtSwITDesign, Code, Test

InstallRequirements Design Development Integration

2007 2008


WSR-88D Common Operations and Development Environment (CODE)

• An algorithm development environment for the WSR-88D • Contains software and guidance to create the development

environment on an Intel PC running Linux Red Hat Enterprise Workstation 4 (also, Enterprise 3 for Public CODE)– Provides a 'clone' of a WSR-88D Radar Product Generator on a

workstation which can run existing and user-created algorithms by ingesting WSR-88D Level 2 data

– Also used to study past weather events by ingesting Level 2 data obtained from NCDC and creating products for analysis

• Includes visualization tools, data sets, documentation, and the operational RPG baseline source code

• Developed and maintained by the NWS OS&T• Updated with each new WSR-88D RPG software release• Used by groups that implement software for future RPG

releases, technique developers, and researchers• A Public Edition is available at http://weather.gov/code88d/


Priorities: Radar Data Capability Enhancementsdone, build testing, under development, possible, unlikely

• All Tilts Frame Expansion(1.8)*• Super-Resolution

– Base Z, V, W Products(1.8)– MDA(2.0), TVS(2.8), PPS(2.8)

• Dual Polarization– Base Data products(2.0)– HCA(2.0),QPE(2.0)

• NSSL/FSI 4D Radar (2.3)* • Plan View Display of VWP (2.5)*• All Tilts Navigation Tool (2.5)*• Estimated Actual Velocity (3.3)*• Data Quality

– SZ-2, SZ-1, Staggered-PRT, Oversampling, Whitening (3.2)

– Lower Elevation angles(3.2)– New VCPs(3.4) – 300 km Doppler Range(4.3)

• MDA: Alerting, CR, RCM (3.3)• SPG(TDWR) Products

– VWP(4.8), Velocity Dealiasing (3.8)– VIL(6.0)– MDA(4.0), TVS(3.8), SCIT(5.3)– PPS(5.3)– CR(6.3), ULR(6.3)

• Integ. Radar/Enviro. Sampling(4.0)*• MIGFA RPG / AWIPS Display (3.8) • Enviro. Data From AWIPS (4.3)• Prototype Radars/Products (4.3)• Freezing Level ULR Request (4.3)*• Moving Point Meteogram (4.3)*• Hail Tracks (4.3)• ASR-11 (4.5)• TVS Tracking (4.8)• DVL at a higher scale (5.0)• CANRAD (5.0)• ARSR-4 (5.0)• Rotation Tracks (5.5)• SCIT Rapid Update (5.8)• Probabilistic Precip. Est. (5.8)• VWP Improvements (6.0)• VWP Wind Averaging/Stepping (6.3)*• Uniform Winds Algo. (7.0)• 4km EET (8.3)

* - AWIPS only


Summary

• Priorities determined with field input– 1. Dual Polarization– 2. Super Resolution– 3. SPG products using TDWR data– 4. Whatever else can be done with remaining resources

• OSIP ensures conops, requirements and business case developed to support implementation

• Resource profiles limit quantity of change• AWIPS & NEXRAD SRECs determine release content • Longer time between major releases lengthens time to

deployment and complicates integration• Prototype, test, and demo platforms representative of the

intended operational environment can foster design refinement and reduce the risk of deploying defects

• User input and feedback is critical


Backup Slides


NWS Weather Radar Science Evolution Vision

• Continuing investment in the scientific utilization of weather radar data is critical to the fullest realization of the potential operational benefits of investments in hardware and systems.

• Improvements in scientific uses of weather radar data can be expected indefinitely, as each innovation triggers ideas for new approaches, and as synergisms in the use of radar data with other environmental data are explored.


NWS Weather Radar Science Evolution Concept

• Programmatic/Budget Structure– NEXRAD is not equivalent to ‘just the WSR-88D’

– NEXRAD is a Program covering O&M of installed capabilities, and acquisition of significant new capabilities

– The initial WSR-88D acquisition was the first NEXRAD project– NEXRAD Product Improvement is a sub-set of NEXRAD with a focus

on acquisition of new technology and science– ORPG, ORDA and Dual Polarization are recent NPI WSR-88D projects– FAA Data Utilization is a current NPI non-WSR-88D project– Science Evolution is an on-going NPI project to improve the benefit of

installed weather radar technology for operational missions– Future, potential, radar technology acquisitions (e.g., PAR, CASA-like

X-band) would be managed under the NPI Program

– NEXRAD and NPI are well-known elements of the DOC/NOAA/NWS budget submissions for both O&M and acquisitions


2524232221201918171615141312111009080706

B1

E1,2,3,4

Fiscal Year

B3

R&DAcquisition /Deploy.

A5

MPAR

WSR-88D

B4

A2,3A1

Targets of Opportunity

D1,2D3

SWR

B2

MPAR No Go

C1 C2 C3

SWR No Go

A4

FY?

?1

FY?

ADI

Enabling Technologies

Surveillance Radars

Adaptive DataIntegration

(ADI)

RadarPartnerships

Diverse, Short Wavelength

Gap-Filling Radars (SWR)

NWS Weather Radar Science Evolution PlanPlanned & Potential Radar Systems(NWS-OAR Joint Radar Planning Team)

FAA, TV, Canada

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The Future of NEXRAD 2nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology July 10-12, 2007 Mike...

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