The German Energiewende: A lesson for the world?

Rainer Hinrichs-Rahlwes, Board Member

BEE - German Renewable Energy Federation

The German Energiewende and its impact on cities and their hinterlands, Metropolitan Solutions, Berlin 22nd of May 2015

BEE - the German Renewable Energy Federation is the umbrella organization of renewable energy in Germany, with 29 member associations and organizations representing 30,000 members, including 5,000 enterprises. Our target: 100 % Renewable Energy.

When did Energiewende begin?

4

2011: Fukushima nuclear disaster 2000: Atomkonsens (nuclear phase-out) 2000: EEG (Renewable Energy Law) 1991: StrEG (Electricity Feed-in Law) 1980s: first wind and solar support

programmes 1970s: Wind and solar pioneers Anti-nuclear movement (1960s, 1970s ...)

Energiewende – the Roots

What is Energiewende ?

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Complete nuclear phase-out by 2022 Energy system based on Renewables and

Efficiency smart & flexible Ambitious Greenhouse Gas Reductions

(minus 40% by 2020, 80-95 by 2050) Logical consequence: phasing out coal Encompassing all sectors: electricity –

heating & cooling – transport

Energiewende – the Rationale

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Germany is perceived as a frontrunner for successful Renewable energy development and deployment

“EEG” (the Feed-in law) main pillar of success Energiewende is a global brand / trademark

Share of RES-E increased 3.4% 27.8% (1990 – 2014) growth continuing

>40 GW wind / >38 GW PV capacity end of 2014 >370,000 people employed in the RES-sector (2013) 32.9 billion € turnover from construction and

operation of RES (2014)

Energiewende – a success story

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Public consensus about Energy Transition towards Renewables and phase-out of nuclear – across political parties

But: Energiewende is strongest in the power sector Stagnating development of RES-H and RES-T Share of RES-H increased 2.1 9.9% (1990 – 2014)

– stagnating since 2011 RES-T: exponential growth (0.1%/1990 7.8%/2007) –

decrease and stagnation since then 5.4%/2014 RES in TPEC increased 1.3 11.1% (1990 – 2014)

– but: stagnating since 2011 Policy uncertainty and investors’ doubts – from FIT to

tendering? market design? ambition level? state-aid?

Not all that glitters ....

Some Figures

Source: German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy - Renewable Energy Sources in Germany 2013

2014: 27.8% RES-E

Source: German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy - Renewable Energy Sources in Germany 2014

RES-E-Capacity 2014: 93.1 GW

5.6

8.1

Source: German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy - Renewable Energy Sources in Germany 2013

Stagnation below 10% in RES-H

Source: German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy - Renewable Energy Sources in Germany 2013

RES-H: Mostly Biomass

Source: German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy - Renewable Energy Sources in Germany 2013

RES-T: Going down ...

Source: German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy - Renewable Energy Sources in Germany 2014

11.1% RES in Germany

Source: German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy - Renewable Energy Sources in Germany 2014

Investment in new RES: 18.8 bn € (2014)

Source: German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy - Renewable Energy Sources in Germany 2013

Turnover from RES-operation: 14.1 bn € (2014)

Source: German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy - Renewable Energy Sources in Germany 2014

Jobs in RES

Source: German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy - Renewable Energy Sources in Germany 2014

RES avoided 148 million t CO2eq in 2014

RES = private people and SME

A lesson for the world?

Political will and broad societal consensus about Energiewende

First mover advantage through early actionFeed-in tariffs, priority grid access and priority

dispatch for market introduction and scaling upAccelerated learning curves through economies

of scalePeople’s energy: Participation and benefits

across the country

Pick the best ...

Taking and implementing decisions for further system transformation

New market design focussing on RES and market integration

Phase out old baseload (nuclear & coal)Develop flexibility driven energy system (supply

& demand)Develop synergies between power, heating &

cooling, transport

Challenges ahead

Striving for a truly sustainable, renewables based energy system

BEE - German Renewable Energy Federation

Invalidenstr. 91D-10115 BerlinFon +49 30 275 81 70 0Fax +49 30 275 81 70 20www.bee-ev.de

rainer.hinrichs@bee-ev.de