Wild West Review • Diary or story relating to important information in the Wild West Chapter. Take a famous
historical figure, or person found in the Wild West - maybe rancher, cowboy, railroad worker and tell us a story, or perhaps write a diary they may have written. Try to add elements of historical facts (May use notes and Tech if you brought it to help accuracy). Include ten important words or terms from the chapter. If you’d like to be a bit more creative you may use an important thing like a city or a train.
• Ex. - July 18th 1873 – This is Jon Henry Holiday, I have decided to keep a diary as it appears my life is going to change quite drastically. I have received the bad news that I have a disease that will probably kill me, called tuberculosis, TB for short. The doctor has suggested I move to a dryer climate out West.
– June 20th 1874 – After closing my dentistry practice in Atlanta Georgia, and taking a train out west, I found myself in Texas, by the Chisholm trail. A number of cowboys are traveling the trail and moving these giant animals called Texas Longhorns.
– Dec. 15th 1877 - I tried to run a little dentistry office in Texas but these coughing fits got real bad, so I have closed shop again. I have found that I can do OK at this game called poker. I have also found it useful to carry a gun when playing this game and have become quite good with it. Actually, I almost got into a shoot-out a couple of days ago. If it wouldn’t have been for my new found friend Wyatt Earp, I may not have had to wait for the TB to kill me.
– Sept. 1st 1880 My friend Wyatt got a job as a Sheriff in Tombstone, Arizona. I guess there is a big mining operation going on there and his brothers are working in law enforcement, maybe I’ll join him.
Gilded Age Politicians • Politics moved slowly during this time.
• There was a great deal of corruption, and
graft in politics of this time
• Republicans get votes from union
supporters during the Civil War+AA,
Business Leaders who want the
government to help with the economy,
and Protestants
• Democrats support came from southern
whites, northern political machines, Irish
and German Immigrants, and Business
leaders who did not want government
interference in the economy.
Gilded Age Politics Cont.
• There is much corruption in
this time period due to
something called Patronage,
or The Spoils System - what
this does is provide
government or other jobs to
those who help you get
elected (often giving these
people a position of power
they are not qualified for)
Update Presidents – Discuss
Garfield Assassination.
Gilded Age Politics Cont.
• The Pendelton Act (1883) - bill
sponsored by Senator George
Pendelton to try to limit
corruption in politics)
• A civil service act the Pendelton
Act
– said that certain government jobs
could only be held after someone
took a test to see if they were
qualified
– Also the law made it illegal for
federal jobholders to make
campaign contributions to their
party.
Gilded Age Pop 1 1. The Gilded Age lasted from what year to what year?
2. Who came up with the name Gilded Age?
3. What does it mean if something is Gilded?
4. Who gave the most costly private party ever given in the US?
5. Providing a government or other jobs to those who help you get elected.
6. Group of people who used to support the Rep party but no longer do today?
7-8. Who were 2 types of people who supported the Democratic Party in the past and still support them today?
9. Who wrote the Pledge of Allegiance?
10. What are the symbols for the Dem and Reb parties?
Women In Politics • Women Were holding Conventions led by
Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady
Stanton During the Mid and Late 1800s with
their minds on gaining more political rights
including the right to vote.
• The first state to give women the right to
vote will be Wyoming in 1890, when it
becomes a state, Colorado will follow in
1893.
• The right to vote for women will not be
given at the federal level until 1919.
• Many feared the power of women voting,
one reason was due to the fear of Prohibition
Politics and African Americans
of the Gilded Age
• The Court decides that the Civil
Rights Act of 1875 only applies
to public places where their
rights were infringed on by state
governments. It did not protect
them against individuals or
private organizations.
• Disenfranchisement - southern
states taking away blacks rights
to hold office or vote. The Fed.
Govn’t doesn’t help.
• Plessy Vs. Ferguson in
1896 will make
segregation a way of
life in the south.
Plessy v. Ferguson said
that there could be a
separation of black and
whites as long as each
had equal facilities.
This will not be the
case.
Gilded Age
-Filled with graft,
scandal, corruption
-encouraged economic growth
-enacted weak regulation
Government
-Suffered a wave of racism
-Became disenfranchised
-Segregated by
Plessy v Ferguson
African Americans
-Sought equal rights
-initiated growth in
sufferage movement
-founded women's colleges
Women
The Gilded Age
The Tweed Ring – Corrupt Government in
New York City (Tammany Hall) – People
who needed work done would be charged
very high amounts and the men in charge
would take the cuts for themselves - The
Cartoons of Thomas Nast would later bring
them down. Book Read 474-475
Fed. Govn’t Protects Economy
• Other things the government did
with the economy
– ICC (interstate commerce
commission) - sets reasonable rates
for shipping goods over the RR
– Sherman Antitrust Act - which will
later be used to break up monopolies
• 2 ways the Government helped the
economy
– high tariffs on imported goods so
consumers would buy American made
items
– continued opening of the western
lands
Settlement movement: begun
by reformers to help the poor,
especially immigrants
provided social services
Growth of Cities
New technology:
bridges, mass
transportation
Urban political machines:
supplied services to voters
to gain support; power led
to graft and corruption
Growth of Cities
New construction
techniques: iron
skeleton frames, elevators,
dumbell tenements
Cities Continue to Grow
Dumbbell
Tenement
Elevator
operator
Bridges Jane Addams
Hull House Children
Life Changes in the Industrial Age
• Women
– Canned Food
– Ready-made clothes
– home furnishings
• Everyone
– Large Scale Farming
– Mass Marketing
– New means of production
• Unfortunately many people
could not afford these new
means of living (just too poor)
Invention Time: you should have an invention by now
of your own design lets see it and here about it.
Labor Unions And the Gilded Age
• Not enough unskilled or semiskilled workers in America
• But in each decade of the late 1800s a depression brought widespread unemployment.
• People are looking for some sort of Job Security
• Craft unions had existed for years but there were no unions for everyone
• We begin to see the formation of important labor unions for all working peoples
1st Important Labor Unions
• Knights of Labor started in
1869, led by Terrence V.
Powderly son of an Irish
Catholic Immigrant.
• Wanted an 8 hour workday, an
end to child labor, equal pay for
equal work regardless of sex,
safety codes in work places, and
a graduated income tax.
– Welcomed all workers
– 1/3 to 1/2 of them were AA
– lasted from 1869 to 1886
(when strikes by 700,000 fail)
• American Federation of
Labor (today the AFL-
CIO) strongest labor
organization in America
was led at its start by
Samuel Gompers, Who
wanted to build a strong
organization of skilled
workers which he does.
• AA and Asian workers
along with unskilled
workers could not join
the AFL at 1st.
Labor Unions Cont.
• United Mine Workers
(UMW) formed in 1890, it
was largely AA mine
workers and did not allow
Chinese to Join (no one
did)
• Many employers had a
Blacklist made up of
people who were trouble
makers and tried to start
Unions, this list became
important to employers
Jobs
Women and
minorities largely
excluded
Violence marked
labor disputes
Government
favored employers
Unions had little
success
Knights of Labor, American Federation of Labor,
United Mine Workers, American Railway Union
LABOR UNIONS
Workers faced poor wages, unsafe conditions,
lack of job security
Teoli Story
save for
Progressives
if no time
Teoli Story 1909 – 2 pieces of scalp – stays in hospital for 7 months – Not
a little accident. 4 dollars for a 48 hour work week, eats bread molasses and beans main diet. Sometimes 7-8 year olds would work in the mills
What did the Factory Representative say compared to what probably happened - Let hair down vs Boy pushed her
1912 law - 56-54 hours a week – employers speed up machines and cut wages people go on strike Polish and Italians lead
IWW – Industrial Workers of the World (Unskilled Laborers) - Margaret Sanger organize child’s Exodus were the children were sent to other homes that could take better care of them – People try to stop it Railroad station riot – leads to the children testimony and Congress
Pres. Taft orders an investigation of the mill – more money, Overtime pay, and no penalties for strikers- More Reform
Education
Unify society
through teaching
common culture
Free education
for all
Many one-room
schools, especially
in rural areas
Progessive education
reform movement
Corporal punishment Learning primarily
through repetition
and memorization
Public Education
Image Detective Understanding images in the Time Period