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The Global Earth Observing System of Systems (GEOSS):Policy and Technical PerspectivesMulti Temp 2005 | Biloxi, MS
VADM Conrad C. Lautenbacher, Jr. US Navy (Ret.)Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere
Group on Earth Observations Executive Committee Co-ChairMay 16, 2005
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Presentation Outline
The Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) Overview
Policy Perspectives
Technical Perspectives
Recent Events and the Way Forward
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SpaceThe Backbone of GEOSS
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What is GEOSS?Technical Perspective
An end-to-end system of existing systems (both in situ and remote sensing observation platforms) linked with new systems
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What is GEOSS?Policy Perspective
GEOSS is a distributed system of systems built on current international cooperation efforts among existing Earth observing and processing systems
GEOSS is Comprehensive—observations and products from all
components Coordinated—leverages contributing members resources Sustained—by will and capacity of all members
GEOSS enables the collection and distribution of accurate, reliable Earth Observation data, information, products, and services to both suppliers and consumers worldwide—through an end-to-end process
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From Observations to Benefits
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Why GEOSS?Social, Economic, & Science Imperatives
The Ocean as an example:
Better observations—tide gauges, buoys, sensors—will allow us to forecast with more accuracy allowing us to get our coastal communities more effective warnings
More than half the world’s population lives within 60 km of the shoreline, & this could rise to 3/4 by the year 2020
More than 90% of natural disaster-related deaths occur in developing countries
25% of Earth’s biological productivity & an estimated 80-90% of global commercial fish catch is concentrated in coastal zones
Worldwide agricultural benefits of better El Niño forecasts are conservatively estimated at $450-$550M/year
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Presentation Outline
The Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) Overview
Policy Perspectives
Technical Perspectives
Recent Events and the Way Forward
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Policy Challenges
Harnessing the political will of nearly 60 countries
Incorporating over 40 international organizations such as IOC, WMO, ISDR and UNEP
These organizations – even different U.N. agencies - don’t always talk to each other
GEO offers a mechanism for coordination
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GEOSS OverviewEOS I
July 31, 2003, Washington, D.C.
34 Countries + 20 International Organizations
EOS II April 25, 2004, Tokyo, Japan 43 Countries + EC + 26
International Organizations
EOS III February 2005, Brussels 60 Countries + EC + 34
International Organizations 10-Year Implementation Plan Commerce Secretary
Gutierrez led the US delegation
EOS III
EOS II
EOS I
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GEO IGeneva, Switzerland
First meeting of new GEO at WMO headquarters on May 3-4
Iceland recognized as newest member of growing effort
GEO agreed to 12 member Executive Committee
Africa (2), Americas (3), Asia and Oceania (3), Commonwealth of Independent States (1), Europe (3)
Co-Chairs: US, EC (developed); China, South Africa (developing)
Tsunami Update – IOC
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Americas Europe Africa Asia/Oceania
Commonwealth of Independent States
BrazilHondurasUSA
European CommissionItalyGermany
South AfricaMorocco
Russia
ChinaJapanThailand
GEO Executive Committee
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GEO ExCom Initial Meeting
Immediately after GEO I (June, Geneva)
Establish Functions and Roles
ExCom = Working Body / GEO = Decision Body
Set Up Committee Structure S&T Mechanism User Interface Mechanism Architecture Data Policy
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U.S. Contribution to GEOSSAn Interagency Effort
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Public Engagement is a Priority
Public Engagement Workshop—Continuing the Dialogue
Washington, DC, May 9-10 +400 attendees from all sectors Discussion of Societal Benefit Areas Discussion of Near Term Opportunities
Integration Frameworks Data Management Improved Observations for Disaster Warnings Global Land Observing System Sea Level Observing System National Integrated Drought Information System Air Quality Assessment and Forecast System
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Presentation Outline
The Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) Overview
Policy Perspectives
Technical Perspectives
Recent Events and the Way Forward
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Technical Advancements…Geostationary Satellites
CIMSS
Current GOES Sounder coverage in one hour
GOES-R HES Sounder coverage in one hour
Much improved spatial and temporal coverage
GOES-R: New generation of current U.S. geostationary operational environmental satellite (GOES) series
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Technical Advancements…Polar Satellites
NPOESS: National Polar-Orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System
Advanced imager offers near-constant resolution across scan
Additionally, VIIRS brings a great increase in multispectral channels
OLS AVHRR VIIRS2 6 22
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… Bring Technical Challenges
Data Management Needs
New Systems mean 100-fold increase in data
Current systems already face challenges
Development of browser and visualization systems— underpinned by core geospatial technologies
Interoperability through protocols and standards
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Architecture Needs
Support for a range of implementation options
Addressing planned, research and operational systems
Interfaced capabilities through interoperability specifications
Inclusion of metadata and quality indicators
Continuity of observations, and instigation of new observations
Building on existing systems and historical data
In U.S., focus on Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework
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Architecture Targets: GEO
Within two years, GEOSS will: Advocate formal commitments of
contributions by GEO Members and Participating Organizations
Produce a publicly accessible, network-distributed catalogue
Establish and maintain a process for reaching interoperability arrangements
Advocate use of existing Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) components as institutional and technical precedents
Develop a cost-and-benefit-sharing mechanism(s) for observations
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Presentation Outline
The Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) Overview
Policy Perspectives
Technical Perspectives
Recent Events and the Way Forward
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The Indian Ocean Tragedy
Frequent Question:
Why did it happen?
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Why Observations Matter
After-the-fact data from research altimeter shows tsunami as it propagated in the Indian Ocean
Chart shows actual observation (in black) compared with model (in blue)
Models have much room for improvement
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To Get Involved…
Alliance for Earth Observations Serves as a communication link between the
industrial, non-governmental, academic and governmental sectors;
Encourages broad participation in the development of a national strategy for Earth observations
http://www.strategies.org/alliance
For more information on on the U.S. Group on Earth Observations:
http://iwgeo.ssc.nasa.gov
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Questions?