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The Golden Ages
India
India
Empires of India
The Maurya Empire322 B.C.E – 185 B.C.E
TTYN – What is an empire?
India
India
Empires of India
The Maurya Empire
Maurya – MOW uhr yuh
Founder - Chandragupta Maurya ( First empire/emperor)
Gained control of the subcontinent through conquest and alliance
Area – From the Indus plain and Himalayas to the tip of the
peninsula
Divided empire into provinces
Delegated power to governors
IndiaThe Maurya Empire
Well-organized bureaucracy
Officials supervised the infrastructure (roads, buildings, harbors)
Officials collected taxes
Managed state-owned factories and shipyards
People justice in royal courts
Secret Police reported on corruption, crime, and dissent
Chandragupta’s rule was effective but hard remind you of someone?
Women were trained as warriors (You go girls!)
IndiaThe Maurya Empire
Asoka, grandson of Chandragupta; the most honored emperor
Mauryan reached its greatest glory
the two sides of Asoka -
Fought a long and bloody war to conquer the Deccan region
Horrified at the slaughter (over 100K) dead – turned his back on
further conquests
Converted to Buddhism- rejected violence; rules by a moral code
IndiaThe Maurya Empire – Quote from Asoka
“All people are my children, and just as I desire for my children that
they should obtain welfare and happiness, both in this world and the
next, so do I desire the same for all people”
Took steps to help his “children”
building roads, rest houses for travelers, and hospitals.
Preached tolerance for other religions
India
Decline of the Mauryan Empire
Mauryan empire began to decline following death of Ashoka, 232 BC
Sons battled for power, central control weakened
Distant provinces began to slip away
Last Mauryan emperor killed by one of generals, 184 BC
Mauryan empire lasted 140 years, then collapsed
India
Mauryan
India
India
Empires of India
The Gupta Dynasty350 C.E – 550 C.E
India
The Gupta Dynasty
Controlled much of northern India
Northern plains
Ruled according to the Hindu-Buddhist doctrine of dharma
follow moral law
Golden Age of Gupta
Great cultural achievements: Advancements in learning
Literature
Arabic numerals-1,2,3….
Decimal system-.0123
Surgeons and vaccinations
Pioneered the use of herbs and other remedies to treat illness
Vaccinating people against smallpox – about a
thousands years before this practice was used in Europe
Architecture – stone temples and stupas
Golden Age of Gupta
Daily Life in India
Majority of Indians are farmers; entire family raises crops
together
Families are patriarchal—headed by the eldest male
Farmers have to contribute work to government and pay heavy
taxes
Religions Support of Hinduism
Buddhism prospered, spread during period between Mauryan,
Gupta empires
Hinduism lost popularity during this period
Under Guptas, Hinduism became main religion
Rulers supported building Hindu temples, promoted revival of
writings
Buddhism began to lose influence during this period
Golden Age of Gupta
India
Decline of Gupta
Weak rulers
Civil war
Foreign invaders
Huns
Destroyed cities and trade
Split into many kingdoms
Rival princes battled for control of the northern plain
India brakes into small, individual kingdoms
455 Invasions of Huns (ca. 455-528)
Successive invasions of Huns
Other Central Asian tribes help destroy the Gupta empire.
India
Decline of Gupta
India
Gupta
India