Date post: | 12-Jan-2016 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | betty-flynn |
View: | 214 times |
Download: | 0 times |
The Great Depression and the Rise of Totalitarianism
Section 1: The Postwar Era
Section 2: Postwar Prosperity Crumbles
Section 3: Political Tensions After World War I
Section 4: Fascist Dictatorships
Section 5: Dictatorship in the Soviet Union
CHAPTER 28
Objectives:Explain how scientific theories affected thinking in
other areas of life.Identify ways in which writers, musicians, painters,
and architects experimented with new forms.Describe how popular culture and consumerism
affected societies.
Section 1:
The Postwar Era
SECTION 1
Question:What were some developments in science and art in the post World War I era?
The Postwar Era
The Effects of Scientific Events and IdeasA global epidemicScientific and social theories
Why had society been afraid of technology and science?
What outside factors held it back throughout history?
Section 1:
The Postwar Era
New Directions in LiteratureDissatisfaction with traditional ideas, disillusionmentExamination of unconscious motivationsSurrealismPoetry without rhyme with lines of varying lengths
How can we relate this to expressing ourselves today?
Section 1:
The Postwar Era
New Directions in Music, Painting, and Architecture
Music – Stravinsky, Schoenberg; radio gave rise to jazz
Painting – Picasso created cubism; Dali used surrealism
Architecture – Sullivan used functionalism, developed skyscraper; Frank Lloyd Wright influenced international style
Section 1:
The Postwar Era
Popular Culture and ConsumerismEntertainment – motion pictures, sportsConsumer culture – more luxury items purchased,
radio advertising, buying on credit, prohibition
How did these ideas change our current society?
Section 1:
The Postwar Era
SECTION 2
Question:What economic weaknesses led to the Great Depression?
Postwar Prosperity Crumbles
SECTION 1
The Postwar Era
Science and Art in the Postwar Era
Causes Effect
Freudian psychology helped people understand the devastation of World War I
surrealism combined conscious and unconscious to portray life in a dreamlike way
functionalism buildings designed for particular use instead of following style
Objectives:Identify the weaknesses that appeared in the
global economy during the postwar era.Describe how nations initially responded to the
Great Depression.Explain how the New Deal marked a shift in the
U.S. government’s relationship with its citizens and the economy.
Section 2:
Postwar Prosperity Crumbles
Signs of Economic TroublesFarmers – farmers struggled while industry
prosperedProtectionism – economic nationalismSpeculation and panic – risky investments in
stock market, Black Tuesday occurred when stock market crashed
What does a rumor do? Compare your answer to how they inspired the Great Depression.
Section 2:
Postwar Prosperity Crumbles
The Great DepressionDestroyed surplusesTried economic nationalism
How is average citizen affected?
Section 2:
Postwar Prosperity Crumbles
The New DealProgram of relief and reformSocial Security Act provided for unemployment
and old-age benefits
Section 2:
Postwar Prosperity Crumbles
SECTION 2
Postwar Prosperity Crumbles
panic selling of stocks
high stock pricesbuying stocks
run on the banks
stock market crash
bank closures
financial ruin for many
worldwide bank failures
defensive international trading practices
global depression
easy credit
Israel and the Occupied Territories
SECTION 3
Question:What problems did the war cause in postwar France?
Political Tensions After World War I
Objectives:Describe the difficulties that France faced during
the postwar years.Explain how the British government dealt with its
domestic problems.Identify the problems that weakened eastern
European governments.
Section 3:
Political Tensions After World War I
France’s Postwar DifficultiesThe economy – government and individuals were
in debtInternational affairs – Locarno Pact pledged that
countries would peacefully settle all future disputesPolitical unrest – strikes in various industries;
Popular Front came to power, then fell; extremist actions
Section 3:
Political Tensions After World War I
Great Britain After World War ILabor troubles – outdated industry, unemploymentIreland - bloody revolt against Great Britain; Irish
Republican Army fought for independence
Section 3:
Political Tensions After World War I
Eastern EuropeWeak economiesConflicts between socialists and conservativesNew boundaries caused unrest
Section 3:
Political Tensions After World War I
SECTION 3Political Tensions After World War I
physical destruction
war debt
defense costs
France:World War I
SECTION 4
Question:Why did people embrace totalitarianism?
Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany
Objectives:Describe how Benito Mussolini transformed Italy
into a fascist state.Explain why the Weimar Republic failed.Trace how Adolf Hitler became an important
figure in Germany.Describe how the Nazis used power in Germany.
Section 4:
Fascist Dictatorships
The Rise of Fascism in ItalyFascist doctrine – dictatorship and totalitarianism,
opposed communism and democracyMussolini’s rise to power – appointed Fascists to
all official positions in center governmentThe corporatist state – major economic activities
were organized similar to corporations
Section 4:
Fascist Dictatorships
The Weimar RepublicTreaty of Versailles was humiliating, opposed
Germany’s interestsHigh unemployment, soaring inflation
Section 4:
Fascist Dictatorships
The Nazis and HitlerNazi Party was extremely nationalistic, anti-
Semitic, and anticommunistHitler wrote Mein Kampf, which planned for racial
purity, promised to repeal Treaty of Versailles
Section 4:
Fascist Dictatorships
The Nazis in PowerCreated anticommunist hysteria
Section 4:
Fascist Dictatorships
SECTION 5
Question:What were some of the problems faced by the new Soviet Union?
Dictatorship in the SovietUnion
Objectives:Identify the terms of the New Economic Policy.Describe how Stalin shaped the Soviet economy.Explain why Stalin imprisoned and executed
millions of Soviet people.
Section 5:
Dictatorship in the Soviet Union
Russia Under LeninNew Economic Policy – nationalized industries,
collectivized armsWomen’s roles – gave women more rightsEducation was priority
Section 5:
Dictatorship in the Soviet Union
The Five-Year PlanAmbitious agricultural, industrial, and social goals
to create a modern, industrialized societyCaused hardships for Soviet people, were forced
to comply
Section 5:
Dictatorship in the Soviet Union
Stalin’s DictatorshipGovernment under Stalin – purge of disloyal party
members, extended to general populationForeign policy – wanted rest of world to accept
Soviet Union, but tried to spread Communist revolution
Section 5:
Dictatorship in the Soviet Union
SECTION 5Dictatorship in the SovietUnion
Problems of the New Soviet Union
Problem Results
near economic collapse in 1921
moderately successful
agriculture failed: famine resulted
power struggle between Trotsky and Stalin
Stalin emerged as victor
Attempted Solution
no increase in consumer goods or food
industry continued growing, but the people starved
little economic growth succeeded in reviving industry somewhat
Lenin’s New Economic Policy allowed some free enterprise
collective farms
savage and brutal competition
second Five-Year Plan
Stalin’s first Five-Year Plan
Chapter Wrap-Up
CHAPTER 28
1. Why did western European nations and the United States fail to respond to Germany’s violations of the Treaty of Versailles?
2. How did Hitler use Germany’s democratic system to gain control over the country?
3. How did the work of Freud and Einstein influence culture during the 1920s?
1. Why did western European nations and the United States fail to respond to Germany’s violations of the Treaty of Versailles?
2. How did Hitler use Germany’s democratic system to gain control over the country?
3. How did the work of Freud and Einstein influence culture during the 1920s?