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2008 Standards; S. Duncan & L. Pennington, PPS
The Great PlainsThe Great PlainsFollowing the Civil War, many
people needed a new startThey headed west, Gold was
found in California (1849), but that was running out
Silver was found in Nevada (1850) but no one was making a lot of money there either
What to do now? Head west and see what you can find……….
The Great PlainsThe Great PlainsWhat does it look like?
◦Flatlands that rise gradually from East to West
◦Land eroded by wind and water◦LOW rainfall◦Frequent Dust Storms
The Great PlainsThe Great Plains
You have just taken a gamble and you think you have lost…..
It’s a Treeless WastelandNothing will growNothing to build with for homes or
barnsWhat do you think? Go or Stay…
New Inventions
Help or Not?
Steel Plows
Steel Plows
HELP!!! You can now break up the land for farming.
Windmills
New Inventions
Help or Not?
Windmills: HELPCan now pump water from underground to be used on the farms and houses.
New Inventions…Help or Not?New Inventions…Help or Not?
Dry Farming
People using dry farming technology work to reduce water
runoff and evaporation, and to increase moisture absorption
and retention in the soil. A main technique involves
loosening the soil so that water can sink in easily, and then
performing regular weeding so that the moisture is better
utilized. Also, a dust mulch formed by tilling is renewed
after each rainfall and seals water into the ground. This
turns the soil into a sponge, where the only place water can
go is into plant roots. The mulch also protects the surface
from evaporation. Farmers cultivate before and after
seeding, perform deep plowing, and leave alternate areas
fallow in rotating summers.
Dry Farming: HELPDry Farming: HELP Dry farming in the United States originated in the 1800s
as independent farmers experimented with growing
crops in locations having low annual rainfall. In the
1850s, California residents, for example, began to raise
winter wheat, where the main growing season occurred
during the winter rains. By the 1860s, Utah settlers were
successfully practicing dry farming, and settlers in the
Northwest and the Great Plains were doing so by the
1880s. Dry farming works well with grains and grasses,
including not only wheat but alfalfa, barley, corn, oats,
and rye, as well as with grasses for hay.
Railroads
New Inventions
Help or Not?
RailroadsRailroadsConnected the new farms to
distribution centers in the East and West
Helped people move and travelWas faster than a wagon trailIf you wanted the land, the
railroad company would give you land, you just had to work it!!!
There were no time zones until the railroads crossed the continent, it was the first time you needed a central time keeping system!!!
Sod Houses
New Inventions
Help or Not?
Would you go west yet???
Help!People found a way to build a house without lumber, and with the little rain, it was the best they could do!!!
YOU’VE FOUND A WAY YOU’VE FOUND A WAY TO GET THERE, AND TO GET THERE, AND BUILD A HOUSE, BUT BUILD A HOUSE, BUT HOW ARE YOU GOING HOW ARE YOU GOING TO MAKE A LIVING OR TO MAKE A LIVING OR EAT???EAT???
BARBED WIRE ~ WHAT DO YOU NEED BARBED WIRE ~ WHAT DO YOU NEED THATTHAT
FOR? FOR?
To Keep your livestock from roaming ~ cattle, horses, pigs, chickens, etc…
WHEAT FARMINGWHEAT FARMING
WHY??WHY??
Didn’t require much water, found a way to Dry Farm wheat and other grasses and ryes
How the Great Plains got the nick name, Bread Basket
BEEF CATTLE RAISING ~ WHY??BEEF CATTLE RAISING ~ WHY??
Cattle could roam, eating any grass that wasn’t fenced in. (barbed wire)
It was the rise of the “Cowboy”, who would ride and wrangle the cattle from the farm in Texas to places like Montana, Nebraska and Chicago, for shipping to the east for food.
Because of New Because of New Technologies, people now Technologies, people now saw the Great Plains as a saw the Great Plains as a Vast Area to be SettledVast Area to be Settled
Steel PlowsDry FarmingWindmillsBarbed Wire
Wheat farmingBeef Cattle
RaisingRailroads