The Great The Great Railroad StrikeRailroad Strike

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

““The Tournament of Today”The Tournament of Today”

Carefully analyze the cartoon above and answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper:1)What do the knight and the “horse” represent?2)What do the man and the mule represent?

3) Who is cheering for the knight?4) Who is cheering for the man?5) Why is portrayed as such a lop-sided fight?6) Which side do you think the cartoonist sympathizes with?7) To which strike do you think this cartoon refers ?

The Haymarket The Haymarket AffairAffair

Anarchists Meet on the Lake Front in

1886

Anarchists Meet on the Lake Front in

1886

Haymarket Riot (1886)

Haymarket Riot (1886)

McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.

Haymarket MartyrsHaymarket Martyrs

Governor John Peter Altgeld

Governor John Peter Altgeld

The Homestead The Homestead StrikeStrike

Homestead Steel Strike

(1892)

Homestead Steel Strike

(1892)

The Amalgamated The Amalgamated Association of Association of

Iron & Steel WorkersIron & Steel Workers

Homestead Steel Homestead Steel WorksWorks

Big Corporate Profits!Big Corporate Profits!

Attempted Assassination!

Attempted Assassination!

Henry Clay FrickHenry Clay Frick

Alexander BerkmanAlexander Berkman

The Pullman The Pullman StrikeStrike

“Company

Town”

Pullman, IL

“Company

Town”

Pullman, IL

Pullman CarsPullman Cars

A Pullman A Pullman porterporter

The Pullman Strike of 1894

The Pullman Strike of 1894

President Grover Cleveland

President Grover Cleveland

If it takes the entire army and navy to If it takes the entire army and navy to deliver a postal card in Chicago, that card deliver a postal card in Chicago, that card

will be delivered!will be delivered!

The Pullman Strike of 1894

The Pullman Strike of 1894

Government by injunction!Government by injunction!

Strikebreakers, federal troops (b/c strike interfered with delivery of mail), burning of rail yards, strike was crushed

The Great Strikes of the 1800sThe Great Strikes of the 1800sName of

EventInd-ustry

Leaders Background: What Triggered the Event?

Outcome: Who Won? What Was the Significance?

Great Railroad Strike (1877)

Pullman Strike (1894)

Homestead Strike (1892)

Haymarket Affair (1886)

(See p. 472-476)

Rail-roads

RR: Vanderbilt, MorganUnion: ORCPrez: Hayes

Panic of 1873, 10% wage cuts, poor working conditions, speculation/profiteering

Governors sent militias, strike spread, president sent army, workers burned rail yards, strike was crushed, govt sided with businesses, unions became better organized

Manufacturing

Biz: McCormickUnion: Spies, anarchistsPrez: Cleveland

8 hour movement, strike/lockout at McCormick Reaper factory in Chicago, police brutality

Anarchist threw bomb at police, 8 police killed, 4 workers killed, publicized trial & appeals, Knights of Labor declines, public support of unions declines… creation of AFofL

Steel Biz: Carnegie/ FrickUnion: BerkmanPrez: Harrison

Wage cut proposals,, strike/lockout, Pinkertons defeated

Assassination attempt on Frick by Berkman, state militia crushed strike; steel union was destroyed, Carnegie publicly supported unions but crushed them at his plants

Rail-roads

Biz: PullmanUnion: DebsPrez: Cleveland

“Utopian” company town, wage cuts but no rent cuts, strike