The Great SocietyThe Great Society

Chapter 20 Sec 3Chapter 20 Sec 3

I. LBJ’s Path to PowerI. LBJ’s Path to Power

A. A Master PoliticianA. A Master Politician 1. Lyndon Baines Johnson became 1. Lyndon Baines Johnson became

President after JKF was assassinated. President after JKF was assassinated. 2. Became Senate Majority in 1955 and 2. Became Senate Majority in 1955 and

was instrumental in getting Congress to was instrumental in getting Congress to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1957.pass the Civil Rights Act of 1957.

3. Helped Kennedy win many key 3. Helped Kennedy win many key southern states during the election of southern states during the election of 1960 due to his Texas background.1960 due to his Texas background.

II. Johnson’s Domestic AgendaII. Johnson’s Domestic Agenda

A. A War on PovertyA. A War on Poverty 1. Economic Opportunity Act.1. Economic Opportunity Act.

1. Job Corps Youth Training Program1. Job Corps Youth Training Program 2. Vista (Volunteers in Service to America)2. Vista (Volunteers in Service to America) 3. Project Head Start- an education program 3. Project Head Start- an education program

for underprivileged preschoolers.for underprivileged preschoolers. 4. Community Action Program, encouraged 4. Community Action Program, encouraged

poor people to participate in public-works poor people to participate in public-works programs.programs.

B. 1964 ElectionB. 1964 Election 1. LBJ won in a landslide over Barry 1. LBJ won in a landslide over Barry

Goldwater, a senator from Arizona.Goldwater, a senator from Arizona. 2. Goldwater believed the government 2. Goldwater believed the government

had no business trying to right social had no business trying to right social and economic wrongs.and economic wrongs.

3. Goldwater suggested he might use 3. Goldwater suggested he might use nuclear weapons in Cuba and Vietnam.nuclear weapons in Cuba and Vietnam.

III. Building the Great SocietyIII. Building the Great Society

A. The Great SocietyA. The Great Society 1. LBJ’s “Great Society” was a 1. LBJ’s “Great Society” was a

legislative program that would end legislative program that would end poverty and racial injustice.poverty and racial injustice.

2. Would create a higher standard of 2. Would create a higher standard of living and equal opportunity.living and equal opportunity.

3. Promote a richer quality of life.3. Promote a richer quality of life.

““The Great Society is a place where every child The Great Society is a place where every child can find knowledge to enrich his mind and to can find knowledge to enrich his mind and to enlarge his talents. It is a place where leisure is a enlarge his talents. It is a place where leisure is a welcome chance to build and reflect, not a feared welcome chance to build and reflect, not a feared cause of boredom and restlessness. It is a place cause of boredom and restlessness. It is a place where the city of man serves not only the needs where the city of man serves not only the needs of the body and the demands of commerce but of the body and the demands of commerce but the desire for beauty and the hunger for the desire for beauty and the hunger for community. It is a place where man can renew community. It is a place where man can renew contact with nature. It is a place which honors contact with nature. It is a place which honors creation for its own sake and for what it adds to creation for its own sake and for what it adds to the understanding of racethe understanding of race ““The Great Society,” May 22, 1964The Great Society,” May 22, 1964

B. EducationB. Education 1. The Elementary and Secondary 1. The Elementary and Secondary

Education Act of 1965 provided more Education Act of 1965 provided more than $1 billion in aid to help public and than $1 billion in aid to help public and parochial schools to purchase textbooks parochial schools to purchase textbooks and new library materials.and new library materials.

C. HealthcareC. Healthcare 1. Medicare was established to provide 1. Medicare was established to provide

hospital insurance and low cost medical hospital insurance and low cost medical insurance for almost every American 65 insurance for almost every American 65 and older.and older.

2. Medicaid extended health insurance 2. Medicaid extended health insurance to welfare recipients.to welfare recipients.

D. HousingD. Housing 1. Developed Department of Housing 1. Developed Department of Housing

and Urban Development (HUD) to help and Urban Development (HUD) to help families pay for better private housing families pay for better private housing and appropriated money to buidl some and appropriated money to buidl some 240,000 units of low rent public housing.240,000 units of low rent public housing.

E. ImmigrationE. Immigration 1. Immigration Act of 1965 ended 1. Immigration Act of 1965 ended

quotas based on nationality which quotas based on nationality which allowed more people to come to the U.S.allowed more people to come to the U.S.

F. The EnvironmentF. The Environment 1. The Quality Water Act of 1965 1. The Quality Water Act of 1965

required states to clean up their rivers.required states to clean up their rivers.

G. Consumer ProtectionG. Consumer Protection 1. Pass safety laws1. Pass safety laws 2. Truthful labels2. Truthful labels 3. Car Companies to improve car 3. Car Companies to improve car

safety. (Ralph Nader)safety. (Ralph Nader) 4. Wholesome Meat Act of 1967.4. Wholesome Meat Act of 1967.

IV. Reforms of the Warren CourtIV. Reforms of the Warren Court

A. Warren CourtA. Warren Court 1. Supreme Court took an activist 1. Supreme Court took an activist

stance on issues under Earl Warren.stance on issues under Earl Warren. 2. Banned prayer in public schools.2. Banned prayer in public schools. 3. State loyalty oaths unconstitutional.3. State loyalty oaths unconstitutional. 4. Limited the power to censor books 4. Limited the power to censor books

and films and allowed anti war protests.and films and allowed anti war protests.

5. Addressed the issue of 5. Addressed the issue of reapportionment or the way states reapportionment or the way states redrew election districts based on redrew election districts based on the changing number of people.the changing number of people.

6. Power moved from rural to urban 6. Power moved from rural to urban areas.areas.

7. Ruled segregation in schools to be 7. Ruled segregation in schools to be unconstitutional.unconstitutional.

B. Famous CasesB. Famous Cases 1. Mapp v Ohio ruled that evidence 1. Mapp v Ohio ruled that evidence

seized illegally could not be used in court.seized illegally could not be used in court. 2. Gideon v Wainwright ruled that people 2. Gideon v Wainwright ruled that people

were entitled to free counsel.were entitled to free counsel. 3. Escobedo v Illinois ruled that a lawyer 3. Escobedo v Illinois ruled that a lawyer

could be present during questioning.could be present during questioning. 4. Miranda v Arizona ruled that all 4. Miranda v Arizona ruled that all

suspects must be read their rights before suspects must be read their rights before questioning.questioning.

V. Impact of the Great SocietyV. Impact of the Great Society

A. Change in the U.S.A. Change in the U.S. 1. The war on poverty dropped the poor 1. The war on poverty dropped the poor

rate from 21% to 11%.rate from 21% to 11%. 2. Massive tax cuts spurred the 2. Massive tax cuts spurred the

economy, but the budget deficit economy, but the budget deficit continued to rise.continued to rise.

3. The growing problem of Vietnam 3. The growing problem of Vietnam began to grip the U.S. and focus was began to grip the U.S. and focus was taken away from domestic issues.taken away from domestic issues.