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The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

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The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors
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Page 1: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

The Hellenistic KingdomsBattles of Alexander’s Successors

Page 2: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.
Page 3: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

Hellenistic Kingdoms (cont’d)

Characteristics of the Hellenistic Monarchies

General RemarksMacedoniaSeleucid EmpireKingdom of the Ptolemies

Key TermsSeleucid EmpireKingdom of the Ptolemies

Page 4: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

Hellenistic PhilosophiesSkepticism

Pyrrho (c. 365-270)

EpicureanismEpicurus (c. 340-270)

StoicismZeno of Citium (c. 335-263)

Key TermsSkepticismEpicureanismStoicism

Page 5: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

The Roman Republic (509-27 BCE)

• Origin– Myth– History Key Terms

AeneasRomulus

Page 6: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

The Roman Republic (cont’d)

• The Roman Government

Key Termsconsul

Page 7: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

The Roman Republic (cont’d)

• Roman Imperialism– Great Latin War

(340-338)—Latium conquered

– Late 4th-early 3rd cent.—Italy conquered

– First Punic War (264-241)

– Second Punic War (218-201)

Key TermsHannibal

Page 8: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.
Page 9: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

The Roman Republic (cont’d)

• Roman Imperialism (cont’d)– Seleucids driven out of Asia Minor 189 – Macedonia and Greece annexed 146– Carthage destroyed 146

Page 10: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

The End of the Roman Republic• The Roman Revolution (133-27 BCE)

– optimates and populares.– Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus– Gaius Marius (156-86) – Lucius Cornelius Sulla (r. 82-78)

Key TermsLucius Cornelius Sulla

Page 11: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

The End of the Republic (cont’d)

• Julius Caesar– Consulship (59)– Wars in Gaul (58-52)– Civil Wars (51-47)– Dictatorship (47-44)– Assassination (44)

Key TermsJulius CaesarFirst TriumvirateCleopatra VII

Page 12: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.
Page 13: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

The End of the Republic (cont’d)

• The Rise of Antony and Octavian– Rivalry Between Antony and

Octavian (44-43)

– The Second Triumvirate (43-38)

• Civil War Between Antony and Octavian (38-31)

• Octavian made Emperor (Augustus) (27)

Key TermsSecond TriumvirateAugustus Caesar

Page 14: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

The Empire Under Augustus(27 BCE-14CE)

• Government– The Senate– The Assemblies– The Magistrates– The Army

• Patronage of Literature

Page 15: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.
Page 16: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

Roman Literature

• Augustus’ Literary Circle– Maecenas, Horace, Vergil, Livy, Propertius

• The Aeneid– Written between 30 and 19 BCE

– Secondary epic vs. primary epic

– Questions raised: 1) to what extent are the gods in control? 2) which is stronger—good or evil? 3) what is the duty of a hero?

Key TermsVergilpietasfuror

Page 17: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

The Aeneid• Questions for Discussion:

– What kind of propaganda do you see in Jupiter’s speech in I:355-417, especially in the second half?

– How do Pyrrhus’ actions in II:707-750 reflect on the pietas of the Greeks?– How is Aeneas affected by the terrible actions of the Greeks, but of what

is he reminded (II:751-807)?– How does Dido behave before (I:595-637) and after (IV:86-118) she falls

in love with Aeneas, and what effect does it have on the city?– What does Anchises prophesy in VI:1044-1056? – What does Anchises say the purpose of the Roman Empire is (VI:1129-

1137)?– Under what conditions are the Latins living under when Aeneas arrives

(VII:55-57, 267-271)?– What happens to Queen Amata (VII:428-516)?– Summarize Evander’s story of Hercules and the monster Cacus (VIII:242-

351). What bearing do you think this story has on the Aeneid as a whole?

Page 18: The Hellenistic Kingdoms Battles of Alexander’s Successors.

The Aeneid

• Questions for Discussion (cont’d):– What is Juno’s defense for her actions (X:90-136)?– What similarity do you see between the acts of Turnus (X:656-

695) and Euryalus (IX:466-499)?– How does the death of Pallas affect Aeneas (X:703-738)?– When Lausus attacks Aeneas, after Aeneas kills Mezentius

(Lausus’ father), and Aeneas then kills Lausus (X:1092-1141), why do you think Aeneas behaves as he does in X:1132-1141?

– How pious is Aeneas after he is wounded by Turnus (XII:665-673)?

– Do you think Aeneas does the right thing at the end of the story (XII:1225-1271)?


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