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The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne—...

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The High Middle Ages (1050-1350)
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Page 2: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Establishment of Regional States

• Otto I• Later day

Charlemagne—capital at Aachen.

• Silver find

Page 3: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Frederick Barbarossa

• Eager to build on Otto I and Charlemagne.

• Forged treaties with Pope against Normans in Southern Italy.

• When he attacked Northern Italy for his own consolidation he lost Papal support.

Page 5: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Capetian France

• Under Hugh Capet, the Capetian dynasty-Europes longest ruling family-was able to (somewhat) consolidate control of France in 1089.

Page 6: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Norman England

• The Bayeux Tapestry• A feudal dispute with

Harold of Hastings over the successor in England following the death of Edward the Confessor.

Page 7: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Power Vacuum

• Harald Haldradda• Harold of Hastings• William of Normandy

• William wins out.• Play the game at

BBC.com.• England is “joined

with European continent”.

Page 8: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Domesday Book

• Consolidation of Fuedalism, a “census” of economics in England—who owns what? Precursor to land rights in England.

Page 9: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Italian situation

• Italian city states—their method of political organization.

• Papal states.

Page 11: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Economic revitalization

• Expansion of arable land

• Technology:– Crop rotations– New plows– New crops (Legumes)– Watermills– Horse collar and shoes

Page 12: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.
Page 13: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Population Boom!

• 29,000,000 in 800

• 79,000,000 in 1300

• Then a dip?

Page 14: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Revival of Towns and Trade

• Urbanization• Specialization• Developing Industry• Development of Italy• Hanseatic League• Expansion of Credit• Protective measures of

Cities• Decline of Vikings• Expansion of Guilds and

Class

Page 16: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.
Page 17: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.
Page 18: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.
Page 19: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Evolution of Christianity

• Cathedral Schools• Emphasized liberal

arts and the gospel• Evolved into

Universities

Page 20: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Philosophy

• The synthesis of Aristotelian logic and theology.

• Europe’s foremost Theologian.

Page 21: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Medieval Heresy: Anti-Clerical

• Waldensians: Poverty and Piety

• Cathars: belief in duality, Manichaeism.

• Bogimilism: Gnosticism

• Subject to Crusade such as this image: Expulsion of the Cathars.

Page 22: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Treatment of Medieval Jews

• Treated with incredible intolerance.

• Expelled from areas• Property confiscated• Brutalized in

Crusades• Forbidden from

owning land• Mandated apparel for

easy identification.

Page 23: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Medieval Expansion

• Vikings in the Atlantic• Teutonic Knights• Crusades• Pope Urban’s call for

Crusade

Page 24: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.
Page 25: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Council of Clermont

• “Jerusalem is the navel of the world; the land is fruitful above all others, like another paradise of delights. This royal city, therefore, situated at the center of the world, is now held captive by His enemies, and is in subjection to those who do not know God, to the worship of the heathens. She seeks therefore and desires to be liberated, and does not cease to implore you to you to come to her aid. Accordingly undertake this journey for the remission of your sins, with the assurance of the imperishable glory of the kingdom of heaven.”

Page 26: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

8 Crusades

Page 27: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Consequences of the Crusades

• Establishment of new States in Palestine and Syria

• Legacy of hatred, misunderstanding, and bitterness.

• Trade increase

• Ideas and cultural diffusion

• Role of Women?

Page 28: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Legal Highlights

• Other than persecuted groups such as Jews, Witches, and Homosexuals, Medieval society saw an increase in the capacity to receive fair justice.

• Days of the “ordeal of god” were gone as England and France instituted court systems (Parlement of Paris) and trial by Juries.

Page 29: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Magna Carta

• Magna Carta was originally created because of disagreements between Pope Innocent III, King John and his English barons about the rights of the King. Magna Carta required the king to renounce certain rights, respect certain legal procedures and accept that the will of the king could be bound by law.

Page 30: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Gothic Cathedrals

Page 31: The High Middle Ages (1050-1350). Establishment of Regional States Otto I Later day Charlemagne— capital at Aachen. Silver find.

Key Papal Doctrines

• College of Cardinals: 1059

• Papal Curia: unification of Church and Secular law.

• Unam Sanctum: all Christians subject to Pope.


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