The History of Apartheid in S.Africa

Objectives

• Explain what apartheid was

• Explain why Europeans wanted S.Africa in the first place

• Identify what apartheid was like

• Identify how apartheid ended

Why?

• Europeans wanted S.African resources

• Especially diamonds

Apartheid

• Laws enacted in 1948, racial discrimination becomes institutionalized

• Race laws touch every aspect of social life

• “White only” laws-blacks had to carry passbooks

• Equivalent- Jim Crow laws in the US

United States

Why?

• Discuss what apartheid would do

Homelands

• Semi-independent areas occupied by blacks

Strict Law

• Gov’t allowed some to live outside homelands– To work certain jobs

• Pass laws– Split families

Sharpsville Massacre

•  March 21

• *On this date in 1960, police in Sharpeville, near Johannesburg, fired on Black South Africans protesting racially biased pass laws. The protesters suffered 72 deaths and more than 200 injuries in two days of violence

Nelson Mandela

• Arrested in 1962 for opposing the apartheid laws

• The African National Congress was a banned organization, he was a part of it

• In jail until 1990

• Elected first black president in 1994

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Nelson_Mandela_1998_cropped.JPG

Desmond Tutu

• Another leader against apartheid

• Religious leader

Tutu Quotations

• "When missionaries came to South Africa, we had the land, they had the Bible. Then they told us, 'Let's close our eyes and pray.' When we opened our eyes we saw that we have the Bible, they have the land."

• "If you are neutral in situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor. If an elephant has its foot on the tail of a mouse and you say that you are

neutral, the mouse will not appreciate your neutrality."

How did apartheid end?

• Cost of apartheid for white minority became too great

• Economy stagnant

• World trade sanctions

To close…

• Explain what apartheid was

• Explain why Europeans wanted S.Africa in the first place

• Identify what apartheid was like

• Identify how apartheid ended

Connection between Arab-Israeli and S. Africa