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The Iliad by Homer
Written in 44 BC
*See your around the room activity sheet for information about Homer
Historical Fiction/Mythology
• The Iliad is like a tall tale with some parts that are based on facts
• For example, there really was a Trojan War• Characters in The Iliad may have lived during
the Trojan War, but certain details about the characters were created by Homer.
• The character Achilles, may have been developed from a combination of fierce warriors.
• Troy was a real place in modern day Turkey• The lost city of Troy, it’s high walls and
towers were recently discovered.• It’s believed that Troy was destroyed by
an earthquake. • There was a Trojan War, but we are
unsure why. • The Trojans possibly fought the Greeks
because of a waterway near Troy.
Read Page 55 in the text1. List two things about Homer2. Describe Achilles3. Describe Hector4. Explain how the war began - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5.Was the Trojan War real? List two details
about this.
Why read The Iliad?*This is on your around the room activity
worksheet
• To become familiar with the first piece of literature the western world has to offer• To discover an exciting war story
What is an Epic? *This is on your around the room activity
worksheet
A long poem usually about a hero.The Iliad is an epic poem.
Examples of epic poems: The Odyssey, Beowulf
Movie examples: Star Wars, Lord of the Rings
• The Iliad begins during the tenth year of war. • In medias res--To begin in the
middle of the action.• Epithet-Descriptive word or phrase
used in place of a name. • Example “Swift-footed Achilles”
Who was Achilles?
•Son of the Peleus (Dad) and the Thetis (Mom). Thetis attempted to make her son immortal.
•Thetis held Achilles by the heel and dipped him in the river Styx, but the heel remained dry and was unprotected.
•MOVIE--Patroclus was not his cousin in the written text
Who was Paris?
• Took Helen to Troy
• Helen was married to Menelaus
• His brother Hector was killed by Achilles and Paris was later killed during the Trojan War
• His brother Deiphobus marries Helen, but Menelaus kills him and takes Helen back to Greece
MOVIE1. Patroclus is
Achilles’ cousin2. Menelaus is killed
by Hector3. Achilles ties
Hector’s feet4. Helen is with Paris
at the end5. No Gods in the
movie 6. Hector wears his
own armor
Epic Poem1. Patroclus is his lover or dear
companion2. Menelaus lives to see the end of
the war
3. He pierces the feet4. She ends up with Paris’ brother
Diephobus. He is killed by Menelaus. Menelaus takes her back to Greece
5. Gods on both sides during the fight between Hector and Achilles
6. Wears the armor he stripped from Patroclus who was wearing armor belonging to Achilles.
Vocabulary and Literary Devices in The Iliad
Use Page 56 in your textbook, page 30 workbook and a dictionary
1. Groveling2. Gallant3. Scourge4. Fawning5. Metaphors pg
1193 or 1423
Definitions
1. Groveling: Crawling, humiliating oneself in front of authority.
2. Gallant: Noble, brave.3. Scourge: Means of inflicting severe
punishment. Refers to a whip.4. Fawning: Cringing and pleading.5. Metaphor: Something used to represent
something else. Example: “Sea of troubles”
Figurative Language**Author’s use this in order to achieve
a special effect or meaning in their stories
Similes and metaphors are examples of figurative language.
Imagery
• Used to help readers create pictures in their minds of what is being described
• Examples of imagery from The Death of Hector–Raining spears–His dark hair swirling round that head–Tall Hector, helmet flashing
Workbook Pages 31-36Questions
1. How long has the war been going on between the Greeks and the Trojans?
2. What pact does Hector want to make with Achilles?
3. Why are Hector and Achilles fighting?4. How did Hector end up wearing Achilles’
armor?5. What does groveling mean?6. Give a detail about the armor Hector is
wearing.