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The Importance of Nutrition
Chapter 10 Lesson 1Nutrition – the process by which your body
takes in and uses food.Nutrients – substances in food that your body
needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy.
Calorie – a unit of heat used to measure the energy your body uses and the energy it receives from food.
What Influences your Food ChoicesHunger – the natural physical drive to eat,
prompted by the body’s need for food.Appetite – the psychological desire for food.
Giving Your Body What It NeedsYour body uses nutrients in many ways:
As an energy sourceTo heal, and build and repair tissueTo sustain growthTo help transport oxygen to cellsTo regulate body functions
CarbohydratesStarches and sugars found in foods, which
provide your body’s main source of energy.45-65% of your daily caloriesThree types of carbohydrates
Simple Carbohydrates – sugars such as fructose and lactose Occur naturally in fruits, dairy products, honey, and
syrup Added to processed foods such as cold cereals, bread,
and bakery products Complex Carbohydrates– or starches
Long chains of sugars linked together Sources include; grains, grain products such as bread
and pasta, beans, and root vegetables Fiber – a tough complex carbohydrate that the body
cannot digest Moves waste through the body at an appropriate rate.
ProteinsNutrients the body uses to build and maintain its
cells and tissues.Your body needs 20 amino acids; the amount you
need depends on gender and age.Body can make all but 9
These 9 are essential amino acidsComplete proteins
Contain all 9 essential amino acids Include all animal products and soy
Incomplete proteins Usually missing one or more amino acid Includes plant proteins such as grains, seeds, and
legumes
FatsDietary fats are composed of fatty acids; fat in all foods
is a combination of saturated and unsaturated fats:Unsaturated fats – vegetable oils, nuts and seeds
Can lower your risk of heart disease.Saturated fats – found mostly in animal-based foods; some
plant fats including palm, coconut, and palm kernel oils. Saturated fats can increase your risk of heart disease.
Trans fats – formed by a process called hydrogenation adding hydrogen to vegetable oils. Found in many snack foods, packaged foods, and cookies and
crackers. Can raise total cholesterol which increases your risk of heart
disease.
Health Issues Related to Dietary FatBody needs some fat to function properly.Foods containing a lot of fat are generally
high in calories.Eating a lot of fat can lead to unhealthy
weight gain and obesity.
VitaminsCompounds found in food that help regulate
many body processesWater-Soluble – vitamin C, folic acid, and B
vitamins Dissolve in water and pass easily into the blood
stream Body does not store these vitamins Removed by the kidneys
Fat-Soluble – vitamins A,D,E, and K Stored in fat for later use Can become toxic if too much are consumed.
MineralsElements found in food that is used by the
body.
WaterEssential for most body functions
Moving food through the digestive tractDigestionTransporting nutrients and removing
wasteStoring and releasing heatCooling the bodyCushioning the eyes, brain and spinal cordLubricating joints
What healthy eating is not…http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=UcwQ4uFwxDs&feature=related
HEALTHY EATING http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=i195cJcP8l0&feature=related