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The Industrial The Industrial RevolutionRevolution(1700-1850)(1700-1850)World ThemesWorld Themes
Mrs. MéndezMrs. Méndez
Day 1: Was the Industrial Revolution a blessing or a curse?
How did a technological revolution transform economics and society for better and for worse?
A lithograph depicting four major inventions of the 19th century: the steam press, electric telegraph, locomotive, and steamboat.
Industrial England: “Workshop of the World”
Why did industrialization begin in Britain first?
“That nation of shopkeepers!” - Napoleon Bonaparte
"une nation de boutiquiers"
Why did industrialization begin in Britain?Why did industrialization begin in Britain?CHANGES IN FARMINGCHANGES IN FARMING
The Enclosure Movement
Enclosure Lands TodayEnclosure Lands Today
Why did industrialization begin here first?
CHANGES IN FARMING
Why did industrialization begin in Why did industrialization begin in Britain?Britain?
RESOURCES & INFRASTRUCTURERESOURCES & INFRASTRUCTURE
Natural Resources Natural Resources and Infrastructureand Infrastructure
Metals, Woolens, Metals, Woolens, and Canalsand Canals
CANALS: Britain’s earliest transportationinfrastructure
Why did industrialization begin here first?
RESOURCES & INFRASTRUCTURE
COALFIELDS andINDUSTRIAL AREAS
Coal:More powerful than water
Iron: More powerful than wood
Why did industrialization begin here first?
NATURAL RESOURCES
Industrial England: Why did industrialization begin here first?
Young Coal Miners
Child Labor - “hurriers”
Homework: Due Friday, 10/18The Industrial Revolution impacted every aspect of life in Western Europe and the United States. Directions: As you read the texts about the Industrial Revolution, CUSH (circle, underline, star, highlight) and take Cornell Notes.Remember that any handwritten notes can be used for an open-note quiz. TERMS: Be sure you are able to identify and explain the significance of the terms as they relate to the Industrial Revolution.
Day 2: Was the Industrial Revolution a blessing or a curse?
Factors that aided industrial growth• Changes in farming and human innovation (improved methods, enclosure, etc.)
• Factors for British suitability for industrial change
• Rise in population
Richard Arkwright “Pioneer of the Factory
System”
INNOVATIONS and ENTREPRENEURS
The Water Frame (1764)
James Hargreaves’s James Hargreaves’s Spinning Jenny (1764)Spinning Jenny (1764)
Changes in Technology: WeavingChanges in Technology: WeavingJohn Kay’s John Kay’s
Flying ShuttleFlying Shuttledoubled doubled weaving weaving
productionproduction
Robert Fulton’s Robert Fulton’s SteamboatSteamboat
Changes in Technology: STEAMChanges in Technology: STEAM
James Watt’s James Watt’s Steam Engine Steam Engine
(1769)(1769)
STEEL: Bessemer process (1856) STEEL: Bessemer process (1856) stronger, more flexiblestronger, more flexible
Rise in Industry and CapitalismRise in Industry and Capitalism
Changes in Technology: STEAMChanges in Technology: STEAMStephenson’s Stephenson’s
Steam Steam LocomotiveLocomotive
Rise in Industry and CapitalismRise in Industry and Capitalism
Impact of the LocomotiveImpact of the Locomotive
Farm to FactoryFarm to FactoryImproved Methods =More efficient farming = Smaller work load = URBANIZATION Need for less workers =
RISE IN POPULATIONRISE IN POPULATIONPopulation Explosion (in millions)
Which country’s population exploded the most?PREDICTIONS?
17001700 17501750 18001800 18501850
BelgiumBelgium 1.751.75 2.252.25 3.253.25 4.54.5
BritainBritain 5.755.75 6.006.00 9.259.25 18.0018.00
FranceFrance 22.0022.00 24.0024.00 29.0029.00 36.0036.00
GermanyGermany 13.0013.00 15.0015.00 18.0018.00 27.0027.00
ItalyItaly 13.0013.00 15.0015.00 19.0019.00 25.0025.00
Near water = hydropower
Need investors = CAPITAL$$$$$
Rise in Industry and CapitalismRise in Industry and Capitalism
The Factory SystemThe Factory System
Rigid Schedule
12-14 hour day
Dangerous Conditions
Mind-numbing monotony
Rise in Industry and CapitalismRise in Industry and Capitalism
The Factory SystemThe Factory System
Young “Bobbin-Doffers”
Rise in Industry and CapitalismRise in Industry and Capitalism
The Factory SystemThe Factory System
““Modern Times” (1936)Modern Times” (1936)
“Second Industrial Revolution” - The “Technological Revolution” (1860s-around 1912)
““Modern Times” (1936)Modern Times” (1936)As you watch the film clips, jot down any instance where you see Chaplin commenting on the effects of industrialization on society.
• How is technology depicted in this film?• What were the alternatives to working in the factory?• What drawbacks and benefits came with them?• How is the factory boss characterized?• When it comes to industrialization, who benefits and who loses?• In what ways are humans bound up in the technological systems they create?
Social and Economic Effects of Industrialization
What was it like to live and work in the new industrial cities?
“Haves” “Have-nots”
Social Effects of IndustrializationSocial Effects of IndustrializationWhat was it like to live and work in the new industrial What was it like to live and work in the new industrial
cities?cities?
Bourgeois life thrives with new
luxuries
Proletariats: Over-worked and
destitute
“Upstairs”/”Downstairs” Life
Social Effects of IndustrializationWhat was it like to live and work in the new industrial
cities?
Social Effects of IndustrializationAverage Wages in Lancashire, 1830
Age of WorkerAge of Worker Male WagesMale Wages Female WagesFemale Wages
under 11under 11 2s 3d.2s 3d. 2s. 4d.2s. 4d.
11 - 1611 - 16 4s. 1d.4s. 1d. 4s. 3d.4s. 3d.
17 - 2117 - 21 10s. 2d.10s. 2d. 7s. 3d.7s. 3d.
22 - 2622 - 26 17s. 2d. 17s. 2d. 8s. 5d.8s. 5d.
27 - 3127 - 31 20s. 4d. 20s. 4d. 8s. 7d.8s. 7d.
32 - 3632 - 36 22s. 8d.22s. 8d. 8s. 9d.8s. 9d.
37 - 4137 - 41 21s. 7d.21s. 7d. 9s. 8d.9s. 8d.
42 - 4642 - 46 20s. 3d.20s. 3d. 9s. 3d.9s. 3d.
47 - 5147 - 51 16s. 7d.16s. 7d. 8s. 10d.8s. 10d.
52 - 5652 - 56 16s. 4d.16s. 4d. 8s. 4d.8s. 4d.
57 - 6157 - 61 13s. 6d.13s. 6d. 6s. 4d.6s. 4d.
Effects of Industrialization on the Effects of Industrialization on the EnvironmentEnvironment
StaffordshireStaffordshire
Effects of IndustrializationEffects of IndustrializationLife in New Industrial CitiesLife in New Industrial Cities
Overcrowding in TenementsOvercrowding in Tenements
Effects of IndustrializationEffects of IndustrializationLife in New Industrial CitiesLife in New Industrial Cities
Worker Housing in ManchesterWorker Housing in Manchester
Effects of IndustrializationEffects of IndustrializationLife in New Industrial CitiesLife in New Industrial Cities
Factory Workers at HomeFactory Workers at Home
Effects of IndustrializationEffects of IndustrializationLife in New Industrial CitiesLife in New Industrial Cities
Life of the New Urban Poor - Dickensian Nightmare!
Effects of IndustrializationEffects of IndustrializationLife in Industrial CitiesLife in Industrial Cities
Worker Housing in Newcastle TodayWorker Housing in Newcastle Today
Social Effects of Industrialization:Social Effects of Industrialization:
Women in the workplaceWomen in the workplace
Social Effects of Industrialization:Social Effects of Industrialization:
Women in the workplaceWomen in the workplace
Lowell Mill Girls
Social Effects of Industrialization:Social Effects of Industrialization:
Women in the in the workpworkplace
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire (1911)
Photos
Child LaborChild Labor
Girls Weaving, 1908Girls Weaving, 1908
Social Effects of IndustrializationSocial Effects of IndustrializationWhat was it like to live and work in the new industrial What was it like to live and work in the new industrial
cities?cities?
Child LaborChild Labor
Nine-Year-Old Hartford Newsgirl, 1908Nine-Year-Old Hartford Newsgirl, 1908
Social Effects of IndustrializationSocial Effects of IndustrializationWhat was it like to live and work in the new industrial What was it like to live and work in the new industrial
cities?cities?
Child LaborChild Labor
Workers Stringing Beans, 1908Workers Stringing Beans, 1908
Social Effects of IndustrializationSocial Effects of IndustrializationWhat was it like to live and work in the new industrial What was it like to live and work in the new industrial
cities?cities?
RISE IN POPULATIONRISE IN POPULATIONPopulation Explosion (in millions)Population Explosion (in millions)
17001700 17501750 18001800 18501850
BelgiumBelgium 1.751.75 2.252.25 3.253.25 4.54.5
BritainBritain 5.755.75 6.006.00 9.259.25 18.0018.00
FranceFrance 22.0022.00 24.0024.00 29.0029.00 36.0036.00
GermanyGermany 13.0013.00 15.0015.00 18.0018.00 27.0027.00
ItalyItaly 13.0013.00 15.0015.00 19.0019.00 25.0025.00