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THE THE INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION REVOLUTION A New Era 1700- A New Era 1700- 1900 1900
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Page 1: THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION A New Era 1700-1900. The Industrial Revolution, Revolution in England The Industrial Revolution, Revolution in England The Industrial.

THETHEINDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONREVOLUTION

A New Era 1700-A New Era 1700-19001900

hnice
Two movements that most affected the way humans live today are the Agricultural Revolution and the Industrial Revolution. The Agricultural Revolution, a period of thousands of years where various societies were moving from hunting and gathering to farming, created lives that were no longer nomadic, but sedentary. That is beyond the scope of this curriculum, but I believe it worthy of mention for contrast. The Industrial Revolution caused change on much the same scale; most of Western civilization changed from being largely agrarian to mainly urban. This created many unique problems for Western civilization. Workers’rights will be the framework for studying the Industrial Revolution, but first there is some developmental background that must be understood.
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The Industrial Revolution, Revolution in England

While you watch the video clip answer While you watch the video clip answer on your read-along… What where the 3 on your read-along… What where the 3 things England had that helped the things England had that helped the start of the Industrial Revolution?start of the Industrial Revolution?

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New Ideas 1701-1793New Ideas 1701-1793

Seed Drill, 1701Seed Drill, 1701

Eli Whitney 1793

Spinning Jenny 1770

Water Frame 1769

Spinning Mule 1779 – best of both worlds

hnice
Jethro Tull was one of the first scientific farmers. He realized that the usual way of sowing seeds by scattering them on the ground was wasteful. Many seeds did not take root. The seed drill, which he invented in 1701, allowed the farmers to sow seeds in well-spaced rows at specific depths. When his invention was used, a larger share of the seed germinated. As a result, crop yields increased even more.
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Flying Shuttle vs. Flying Shuttle vs. LoomLoom

Flying Flying ShuttleShuttle

Created by hand

Created by

Machine

The Steam Powered Loom 1787

hnice
"In 1733, John Kay (? -1764) invented the flying shuttle, an improvement to looms that enabled weavers to weave faster. The shuttle, containing a bobbin on to which the weft (the crossways yarn in weaving) yarn was wound, was normally pushed from one side of the warp (the series of yarns extended lengthways in a loom) to the other by hand. A broad loom needed two weavers to throw the shuttle. Now the flying shuttle was thrown by a leaver operated by one weaver."... (the flying shuttle) wasn't taken up widely until the 1750s....(it) caused a shortage of yarn and fuelled the search for a faster method of spinning.
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Individual controlled Flying shuttle

Machine controlled flying shuttle

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1.1. What issues arise with the invention What issues arise with the invention of the hand made flying shuttle? of the hand made flying shuttle? (pros and cons)(pros and cons)

2.2. Because we are going to be Because we are going to be producing goods faster what two producing goods faster what two things will we need more of?things will we need more of?

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Issues:Issues:

Pros:Pros: Cons:Cons:

Cheap laborCheap labor Child labor Child labor

New jobsNew jobs Crime Crime

Boosted profitBoosted profit Uneven Uneven distribution of distribution of

wealthwealth

What we need:What we need:

Workers and resources Workers and resources

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Capitalism- Capitalism- economic system where economic system where anyone can start their own business anyone can start their own business

for the hopes to gain profitfor the hopes to gain profit

EntrepreneurEntrepreneur- an owner or manager of a - an owner or manager of a business enterprise who, business enterprise who, by risk by risk and and initiative, initiative, attempts to make profitsattempts to make profits

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If you were the owner of a new If you were the owner of a new booming factory in the 1700’s what booming factory in the 1700’s what

would your decisions be on the would your decisions be on the following?following?

Who would you hire? Why?Who would you hire? Why? What would you pay your workers What would you pay your workers

and why?and why? What would you do if your factory What would you do if your factory

yielded a 200% return?yielded a 200% return?

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Turning point in historyTurning point in history Industrial Revolution

While you watch the video clip… Give examples of the living and working conditions in a booming town.

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Living conditions Working Living conditions Working conditionsconditions

Overly populated -Overly populated -

densely densely populatedpopulated no no sanitarysanitary codes or codes or

building controlbuilding control Lack of Lack of adequateadequate

housing, education, and housing, education, and police protectionpolice protection

Lack of running water Lack of running water and indoor plumbingand indoor plumbing

Frequent Frequent epidemicsepidemics sweep through the sweep through the slumsslums

Workers trying to keep Workers trying to keep pace with machinepace with machine

Factories dirty and Factories dirty and unsanitaryunsanitary

Workers running Workers running dangerous machines for dangerous machines for long hours (12-16 avg.)long hours (12-16 avg.)

Harsh and severe Harsh and severe punishmentspunishments

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How would these conditions impact the social and economic

future of the town?

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Economic and Social Economic and Social New inventions & the

development of factories

Increased production & higher demand

Growth of worldwide trade

Population explosion & large labor force

Highly developed banking and investments system

Advancement in transportation, agriculture & communication

Long hours worked by children (cheap labor)

Discrimination Increase in population

in cities Inadequate housing and

poor sanitary conditions Loss of family stability Expansion of middle

class Harsh conditions for

laborers Creation of new jobs

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STEAM ENGINESTEAM ENGINEJames Watt James Watt

17651765

STEAM POWERED STEAM POWERED LOCOMOTIVE LOCOMOTIVE 18011801

The Rocket first passengerlocomotive

hnice
In 1769 James Watt of Glasgow, Scotland patented the steam engine, which connected a chamber of boiling water to a piston. On a very basic level, the water turned to steam and expanded, the force from the steam moved a piston, which in turn, created a reciprocal movement that could propel a machine. This was an efficient and readily available power source that set the stage for inventing a variety of useful machines
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Robert Fulton – Steam Robert Fulton – Steam Boat, 1807Boat, 1807

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5. How is the steam engine going to 5. How is the steam engine going to impact Great Britain socially and impact Great Britain socially and economically?economically?

6. What are going to be a few LONG 6. What are going to be a few LONG TERM effects of the Industrial TERM effects of the Industrial Revolution? Revolution?

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Social and economic effectsSocial and economic effects

More and new jobs More mobile Fast communication Struggle between rich

and poor War Over-crowded and not

enough jobs Imperialism- gaining

indirect control over the political or economic life of other areas

Long term effectsLong term effects

Industrialized nation had world wide power

Imperialism Cheaper items Higher quality items The need for

government involvement to protect consumers (new laws)

Public transportation

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COKE SMELTING- 1709COKE SMELTING- 1709

The steam engine The steam engine needed fuel and needed fuel and lumber was in lumber was in short supply- coal short supply- coal will become the will become the new fuelnew fuel

5. Why?5. Why?

hnice
The steam engine, however, also need a fuel source, and wood was becoming more and more scarce, due to its use in building ships, furniture, etc. Abraham Darby of England used coke, purified carbon made from coal, which was abundant and inexpensive, to make high quality iron. Double Action furnace which heats the coal to cause smelting - the process of making coke.
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1.1. In was in abundant supplyIn was in abundant supply

2.2. CheapCheap

3.3. Burns longer- more efficientBurns longer- more efficient

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Questions

1. With a partner define the word free enterprise.

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6. Explain how free enterprise had an impact the industrial revolution?

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What is an innovation?What is an innovation?

Name some Name some innovationsinnovations that were a that were a direct result of the Industrial direct result of the Industrial Revolution.Revolution.

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InnovationsInnovations

Electric Electric GeneratorsGenerators

BatteriesBatteries PhotographsPhotographs TelegraphTelegraph

Sewing Sewing MachineMachine

DynamiteDynamite CARS!!!CARS!!! Light bulbsLight bulbs TypewriterTypewriter

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PICTURES PICTURES OF THE OF THE

INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONREVOLUTION

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The textile manufacturing will enter The textile manufacturing will enter the United States in the 19the United States in the 19thth century century (1800’s) how will it be impacted (1800’s) how will it be impacted socially and economically?socially and economically?

1836 one of the first weaving factories in the U.S.

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ANSWER A major shift from agriculture to industry,more jobs, more profit, more trade, more citylife, war (want freedom from mother country),imperialism by England

Bad working conditions? Exploited labor? Discrimination?


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