The Industrial Revolution Spreads Pgs. 298-303

New PowersNew Technologies that Spark

Industrial Growth Transportation/Communication

-Who are the new powers? Why do they become powerful?

-Explain the growth of industry. What role does technology play?

-How does transportation and communication impact the spread of the Industrial Revolution?

• Who are the new powers that emerge?

• Why were the U.S. and Germany able to surpass Britain?

• What would keep a nation from growing industrially?– In other words, why not Russia?

Where did industry travel after Great Britain?

Belgium

After Belgium, Where is Industry found?

Germany

U.S.

France

Why did it go there?

The United States has resources – more resources than Britain

Follow Britain's lead

Percentage Distribution of the World's Manufacturing Production, 1870 and 1913

(percentage of world total)

1870 1913

USA 23.3 35.8

Germany 13.2 15.7

Great Britain 31.8 14.0

France 10.3 6.4

Russia 3.7 5.5

Italy 2.4 2.7

Canada 1.0 2.3

Belgium 2.9 2.1

Sweden 0.4 1.0

Japan 1.2

India 11.0 1.1

Other Countries 12.2

Who are the industrial leaders by 1900?

• Europe = Germany

• World = U.S.

What makes it “uneven” development?

1. Lack of resources

2. Lack of Support of government

3. Lack of capital

List the effects of Industrialization

1. Urbanization

2. Changes in Labor – longer hours

3. Increase in quantity and decrease in the price = ordinary people could now afford what only the rich could afford in past

4. Fierce competition globally

* 1914 = World War I

How did steel change?

• Henry Bessemer = make harder, lighter, more durable steel – reduces the cost

• Made from iron

Why do we need so much steel?

Building of the cities – Skyscrapers, bridges, railroads, machines, factories

-What is the Bessemer process? -How did countries compare their industrial success?

• What does this chart show us about steel production?

• What technological changes take place to establish the modern office?

What energy source takes over steam?

Electricity

Battery – Volta

Faraday – Dynamo – generates electricity

Edison – lightbulb

** Light the city for safety

Two New methods of production

1. Interchangeable parts – multiple machines using the same parts = less cost, fix

2. Assembly Line – faster, cheaper, LABOR WILL CHANGE FOREVER – more labor, but less skilled

1. Henry Ford

Automobiles

• Ford – Model T

• Benz – three wheel car

• Otto- internal combustible engine – gasoline power

Airplane

• Wright Brothers

Communication

• Telegraph – Morse

• Telephone – Bell

• Radio – Marconi

Checkpoint questions

• What effect does electricity have on the urban areas?

• How did factories change to become more efficient?

Checkpoint questions

• How did transportation change during the second phase of the IR?

• How did communication change during the second phase of the industrial revolution?