The Institutionalization of The Institutionalization of SlaverySlavery

Learning Target : to distinguish three slave Learning Target : to distinguish three slave systems which existed in 18systems which existed in 18thth Century Century

AmericaAmerica

Slaves & Servants

American slavery began in 1619

Which of the following best characterizes the position of indentured servants and slaves in the

American colonies in the 17th century?

A) their legal rights were identicalB) both slaves and indentured servants could usually end their service to masters after a set periodC) both assisted in the economic advancement of Southern coloniesD) both were more common in urban than rural settingsE) both came to the colonies against their will

Answer: C) both assisted in the economic advancement of Southern coloniesExplanation: The American Southern colonies became sources of wealth for English investors mainly because of the profitability of tobacco, the cultivation of which required many laborers. Both indentured servants and slaves were employed in the South, though eventually slavery became the dominant source of cheap labor in most colonies.

Atlantic Slave TradeAtlantic Slave Trade

What crops created demand for slaves?

sugar, rice, coffee, tobacco, indigo

Triangular Trade RouteTriangular Trade Route

• Importance for CommerceImportance for Commerce– Look at pg. 135 in your bookLook at pg. 135 in your book

• Middle PassageMiddle Passage– Pg. 136Pg. 136– Pack or no packPack or no pack– Draw backsDraw backs– 1 in 5 perished1 in 5 perished– Time for a video clipTime for a video clip

CommerceCommerce

• Importance of the Treaty of Utrecht Importance of the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713of 1713

Three Slave SystemsThree Slave Systems

Chesapeake SlaveryChesapeake Slavery Where was it Where was it

located?located? Tobacco-basedTobacco-based Very little freedom, Very little freedom,

why?why?

Three Slave SystemsThree Slave Systems

South Carolina & GeorgiaSouth Carolina & Georgia 11stst focused on exportation of Indian focused on exportation of Indian

slaves to Caribbean, deerskins & furs to slaves to Caribbean, deerskins & furs to EnglandEngland

Rice-based and then IndigoRice-based and then Indigo Field slavesField slaves Black majority- 1Black majority- 1stst time time Wealthiest slave owning classWealthiest slave owning class

Three Slave SystemsThree Slave Systems

New EnglandNew England NonplantationNonplantation

What did they do as slaves?What did they do as slaves?

Represented only a minor part of Represented only a minor part of populationpopulation

Early results of SlaveryEarly results of Slavery

Differences in LawsDifferences in Laws Harsher in the SouthHarsher in the South Why?Why?

Emergence of “African-American” cultureEmergence of “African-American” culture

Mulattos/CreolesMulattos/Creoles

Quest for Freedom/Resistance to slaveryQuest for Freedom/Resistance to slavery

Anti-Slavery Attitudes

Colonial slave auction block

While most colonists refrained from criticizing slavery on moral grounds, which group consistently opposed

slavery?

A) Southern cotton plantation ownersB) New England shipbuildersC) middle colony merchantsD) Virginia AnglicansE) Pennsylvania Quakers

Answer: E) Pennsylvania Quakers Explanation: The Quakers or Society of Friends took a consistent stand against the practice of slavery. The 1688 Germantown Quaker Petition Against Slavery was the first protest against slavery by a religious body in the English colonies.