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The Internet & Emerging Technologies. The Internet.

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The Internet & Emerging Technologies
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Page 1: The Internet & Emerging Technologies. The Internet.

The Internet& Emerging Technologies

Page 2: The Internet & Emerging Technologies. The Internet.

The Internet

Page 3: The Internet & Emerging Technologies. The Internet.

The Internet

• Based upon the client/server model• Connects over 20 million people in over 100

countries (figures available when the book was written)

• The Internet, at its lowest levels, is only a set of common protocols that allow data transport. Other services and functions can and do reside anywhere and everywhere on the network.

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The Internet• Network traffic is re-routed around network

transport and/or server failures

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Basic Problems of the Internet

• Inadequate security given the sensitive and proprietary nature of information that people may want to communicate through the network

• Technological challenges with one the biggest being a lack of standards

• Lack of clarity on many legal issues

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World Wide Web

• A set of standards for organizing and accessing a vast array of resources via the internet

• Information is presented as a series of documents - “Web Pages”

• The series of pages is called the “Web Site”

• The opening page is called the “Home Page”

• Content can include text, images, video, sound, etc.

Page 7: The Internet & Emerging Technologies. The Internet.

Web Browsers

• An application program specifically designed to allow users to access the “Web”

• Users utilize point-and-click techniques to access hypertext links

• Most popular are Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer by Microsoft

• Bookmarks allow you to store URL’s for easy retrieval

• Many search engines are available for locating web sites

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What is HTML ?

• HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. HTML consists of standardized codes,or "tags", that are used to define the structure of information on a web page. HTML is used to prepare documents for the World Wide Web. A web page is single a unit of information, often called a document, that is available on the World Wide Web.

• HTML defines several aspects of a web page including heading levels, bold, italics, images, paragraph breaks and hypertext links to other resources

Page 9: The Internet & Emerging Technologies. The Internet.

What is HTML ?

• HTML can be compared to word processing. The text in a word processed file can be formatted in various ways. For example, a heading can be bold and in larger font size than the rest of the document. Also, specific words can be italicized for emphasis.

• HTML is a way to define the formats of text in a web page. However, it goes further by also being able to define placement of graphics and hypertext links

Page 10: The Internet & Emerging Technologies. The Internet.

What is HTML ?

• HTML tags are used to define areas of a document as having certain characteristics.

• The tags used in HTML usually consist of a code in between two "wickets". These codes are called container tags because the formatting described by the tags affects only the text contained between the tags.

• For example, <B> and </B> are the starting and ending tags used to indicate an area as bold. Therefore, the following markup will yield a sentence with the word "hello" in bold. – Only the word <B>hello</B> will be bold.

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What is HTML ?

• HTML tags are used to define heading levels, such as <H1> and </H1>. Heading levels can go to <H6>, with each successive number indicating a smaller heading size.

• Some other basic HTML tags are: – <I> and </I> used to indicate italics – <img src="name-of-picture"> used to place an

image in a document file– <P> used to create a paragraph break

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Java• Developed by Sun Microsystems• Java extends the capabilities of web pages to allow for robust

applications• Extremely popular with internet-based applications because

it is platform independent

• Normally, programs that need access to graphics, network services, the disk, even RAM, use a function call provided as part of the base-level operating system to do so. But in Java, the built-in run-time called a virtual machine provides all these basic services.

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JAVA

• Java is interpreted. What this means is that Java source code does not get compiled directly to machine instructions like C++ or FORTRAN does. Instead Java’s source code gets compiled to an intermediate form called byte-codes.

• Java has built-in support for multi-threaded programming. This is an example of something added to Java that C++ does not support.

Page 14: The Internet & Emerging Technologies. The Internet.

JAVA• Java has built-in support for network

programming. This comes in the form of classes that can deal directly with sockets so that connections to servers can be opened.

• A software component is a pre-built piece of encapsulated application code that can be provided with other components and with hand-written code to rapidly product custom applications.

• Java components (JavaBeans) makes it easy for a large number of vendors to create reusable software building blocks.

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How It Works

HTTP

• Step 1: User Requests a Web Page

Workstation(running Browser) Web Server

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How It Works

HTTP

• Step 2: Web Page containing Java Applet is sent back

Workstation(running Browser) Web Server

HTTP

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How It Works

• Step 3: Java VM Starts on Workstation

Workstation(running BrowserWith Java Plugin)

Web Server

Application Server

JAVA

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How It Works

• Step 4: Applet Communicates With Application Server

Workstation(running BrowserWith Java Plugin)

Web Server

Application Server

JAVA IIOP

HTTP IIOP

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How It Works

• Step 5: App Server Talks to Database

Workstation

Application Server

IIOP

HTTP IIOP

JDBC

DatabaseJNDI

LDAP

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Other Companies Using Java Technologies

• Ernst & Young– Developed a 100% Pure Java application, called

Auditor's Workstation (AWS)

– The tax department is now able to review audit workpapers and otherwise participate in the audit process from their client's site or wherever they may be--without experiencing bandwidth limitations. This enables Ernst & Young auditors to access this mission-critical application and modify secure and confidential data from remote locations over the Internet.

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Other Companies Using JAVA Technologies

• Xerox– The Xerox Problem Management (XPM)

application is a key resource in that internal process. XPM is written in the Java language and is part of the core problem-solving system used by internal groups at Xerox to identify and effectively resolve product design, component, or manufacturing problems

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Interesting Sites• Vincinity MapBlast

– Allows you to drill down and locate addresses and print maps down to the street level, anywhere in the United States

– http://www.vicinity.com/yt.hm?CMD=FILL&FAM=mapblast&SEC=start

• Switchboard– Allows you to locate address and phone numbers of

anybody in the United States (listed numbers only)– You can also locate businesses– http://www.switchboard.com/bin/cgiqa.dll

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Interesting Sites• http://quote.yahoo.com

– Get latest market news and stock quotes– Chart stocks from 1 day to 5 years– Obtain latest news for any company– Locate symbols for any stock

• http://www.dljdirect.com/cgi/inet/qndigest.trn?selection=option_quote_dl&option_symbols=y&symbol=ALTR

– Obtain option quotes for Puts and Calls– Hard to find option quotes

• Silicon Investor Calendar– http://www.techstocks.com/Calendar.html– Calendar of earnings reporting and chat

Page 24: The Internet & Emerging Technologies. The Internet.

Interesting Sites

• The MBA Page– http://www.cob.ohio-state.edu/dept/fin/mba.htm– Valuable information for all students– Survival guide is excellent

• Roget's Thesaurus • Personal Development Information

• Magazines– USA Today http://www.usatoday.com– Wall Street Journal http://update.wsj.com– http://www.businessweek.com/contents.htm

Page 25: The Internet & Emerging Technologies. The Internet.

Interesting Sites

• Entertainment– The Golf Web

• HTTP://www.golfweb.com

– The National Park Service• HTTP://www.nps.gov

• Coverage of all national parks, what they offer, costs, etc.

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Other Emerging Technologies

• Cable Modems– Your cable company becomes your ISP– Coming to Henrico by years end

• Biometrics– Our biological characteristics can be mapped

and digitized


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