The Jere Beasley Report, Oct. 2008

8/9/2019 The Jere Beasley Report, Oct. 2008

1/52

Dgstrgjuthd to ovhr 48,>>> sujskrgjhrs hikb eoftb

www.JhischyIcchf.koe

Oktojhr :>>2


2/52: www.JhischyIcchf.koe

G.

KI^GTOC

OJ[HZQITGOF[

TBHEHDGKIGDAZIXDCGTG@ITGOF

Tbh hfdorshehft jy IIZ^ aor ourof-ògf` jittch iìgfst tbh powhraucdru` gfdustry gs hxtrhehcy geportiftifd gs ipprhkgithd.IIZ^ bis pchd`hd

tbh support oa gts chìc stiaa wbgkb gseost bhcpauc.Tbh dru` koepifghs irhso powhrauc pocgtgkiccy gf Pisbgf`toftbit tbhy cgthriccy jhcghvh tbhy irh ijovh

tbh ciw. Tbhy bivh bid tbhgr wiy gfjotb tbh hxhkutgvh ifd ch`gscitgvhjrifkbhs oa òvhrfehft aor yhirs. [oehjhcghvh tbhy icso bivh trhehfdous

kcout gf tbh kourts it tbh fitgofic chvhcifd eiyjh hvhf it cokic chvhcs.Pgtbout

i doujt, gts tgeh aor tbh gfthrhsts oa tbhIehrgkif phopch to jh kofsgdhrhd aor i

kbif`h. G rhkhgvhd i kopy oa i chtthrwrgtthf jy IIZ^ tbit gs eost sg fgagkiftifd prhtty whcc ciys out tbh story oabow geportift tbh cgtgìtgof gf Icijiei

bis jhkoeh. G ahct tbit sbirgf` gt wgtbour rhidhrs woucd jh ipproprgith.

Dhir @hfhric Mgf` ifd Koeegs-

sgofhr Bhreiff-[thkmhc>,>>>

Ehdgkigd jhfhagkgirghs, jut icso

to Ehdgkigd ifd Ehdgkirh jhfhag-

kgirghs tbrou`bout tbh kouftry.

Ph support your haaorts ifd coomaorwird to wormgf` wgtb you to

cowhr dru` prgkhs ifd to shkurh

iddgtgofic rhsourkhs aor Icijieis

Ehdgkigd jhfhagkgirghs.

[gfkhrhcy,

Divgd . [coifh

[hfgor Qgkh-^rhsgdhft

@ovhrfehft Zhcitgofs

ifd Idvokiky

Ph bivh our fhxt kish gf Icijiei sht

aor trgic of Oktojhr :0

tb

iìgfst JrgstocEhyhrs [qugjj. Ph irh kurrhftcyhfì`hd gf shttchehft fhìtgofs wgtb

:8 koepifghs.Tbh support oa IIZ^ gshxtrhehcy sg`fgagkift ifd tbh aikt tbhybivh 894,>>> ehejhrs gf Icijiei gskrgtgkiccy geportift.

THRI[ITTOZFHW@HFHZIC[HTTCH[PGTBIJJOTTCIJ[

Thxis Ittorfhy @hfhric @rh` Ijjott

bis rhikbhd i $:2 egccgof kgvgc shttch-ehft wgtb Kbgkiò-jishd Ijjott Cijo-

ritorghs Gfk.Tbh shttchehft rhsocvhs tbhstiths Eiy :>>4 hfaorkhehft iktgof,wbgkb kbir`hd tbh dru` eifuaikturhrwgtb aicshcy rhportgf` dru` prgkhs to

tbh stith ifd ahdhric Ehdgkigd pro-`ries. Xfdhr tbh i`rhhehft, tbh stithoa Thxis wgcc rhkhgvh ipproxgeithcy $:2egccgof gf diei`hs, ittorfhysahhs ifd

kosts. Tbh chìc tbhorghs gf tbh Thxiskish irh gdhftgkic to tbosh gf Icijiei

ifd otbhr stiths wbhrh cgtgìtgof gsphfdgf`. Tbh stith oa Icijieis kish

iìgfst Ijjott gs sht aor trgic of Ahjru-iry :,:>>7.

[tith ifd ahdhric ciw rhqugrhs tbitdru` eifuaikturhrs rhport tbh prgkhs it

wbgkb tbhy shcc tbhgr produkts tovirgous provgdhrs, gfkcudgf` pbirei-kghs, wbochsichrs ifd dgstrgjutors.TbhEhdgkigd pro`ries ush tbgs prgkgf`

gfaoreitgof to hstgeith tbh kosts Ehd-

gkigd provgdhrs piy to ikqugrh tbh druèifuaikturhrs produkts. Ehdgkigd

provgdhrs jgcc tbh stith-ruf pro`riesaor tbhsh kosts, pcus prhskrgptgof dgs-phfsgf` ahhs, ifd Ehdgkigd rhgejurshstbh provgdhrs. Pbhf i eifuaikturhr

rhports gfacithd prgkhs to tbh Ehdgkigdpro rie, is bipphfhd gf tbh Thxiskish, tbh tixpiyhr-aufdhd pro`rie

`rhitcy ovhrpiys provgdhrs aor tbhgrprodukts.Is wh bivh rhporthd,tbh dga-ahrhfkh jhtwhhf wbit i provgdhr iktu-iccy piys to purkbish i dru` ifd wbitgs rhgejurshd jy Ehdgkigd gs kicchd tbh

sprhid.Tbh Ittorfhy @hfhrics oaagkh

GF TBG[ G[[XH

G. Kipgtoc Ojshrvitgofs . . . . . . . . . . . . :

GG. ôcgtgkic Ojshrvitgofs . . . . . . . . . . 4

GGG. Ch`gscitgvh Bipphfgf`s . . . . . . . . . . 1

GQ. Kourt Pitkb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0

Q. Tbh Fitgofic [khfh . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

QG. Tbh Korporith Porcd . . . . . . . . . . 99

QGG. Kiepig`f Agfifkh Zhaore . . . . . . 9;

QGGG. Kof`rhssgofic Xpdith . . . . . . . . . . 9;

GR. ^rodukt Cgijgcgty Xpdith . . . . . . . . 94

R. Eiss Torts Xpdith. . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

RG. Jusgfhss Cgtgìtgof . . . . . . . . . . . . :>

RGG. Gfsurifkh ifd Agfifkh Xpdith . . . :9

RGGG. ^rhditory Chfdgf`. . . . . . . . . . . . . :;

RGQ. ^rhegshs Cgijgcgty Xpdith . . . . . . . :4

RQ. Pormpcikh Bizirds. . . . . . . . . . . . :1

RQG. Trifsportitgof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :7

RQGG. Fursgf` Boeh Xpdith. . . . . . . . . . ;:

RQGGG. Bhictbkirh Gssuhs . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;;

RGR. Hfvgrofehftic Kofkhrfs. . . . . . . . ;1

RR. Tbh Kofsuehr Korfhr. . . . . . . . . . ;2

RRG. Zhkiccs Xpdith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

RRGG. Agre Iktgvgtghs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4;

RRGGG. [phkgic Zhko`fgtgofs. . . . . . . . . . . 40

RRGQ. [oeh Kcosgf` Ojshrvitgofs . . . . . . 42

RRQ. [oeh îrtgf` Pords . . . . . . . . . . . 8>


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www.LhrhJhischyZhport.koe ;

siys tbit is i rhsuct oa tbh gcchìcsprhids krhithd jy Ijjott Cijoritorghs,

Thxis Ehdgkigd ovhr-rhgejurshd pro-vgdhrs aor Ijjotts dru`s.Tbh wgfdaiccproagts aroe tbhsh gfacithd rhgejursh-ehfts, wbgkb dith jikm to tbh hircy

977>s, gfdukhd provgdhrs to aivorIjjott Cijoritorghs ovhr otbhr eifu-aikturhrs, ikkordgf` to tbh Ittorfhy

@hfhric.Tbh rhsuct wis i cof`-thre,jutufciwauc, eirmht fgkbh aor tbhkoepify gf Thxis.

Gf Eiy :>>4, it ijout tbh tgeh tbhThxis Ittorfhy @hfhric iffoufkhd bgs

agcgf` oa tbh ciwsugt iìgfst Ijjott Cij-oritorghs, tbh Dhahfdift spuf oaa gts`hfhrgk pbireikhutgkics jusgfhss ufgtifd krhithd Bospgri Gfk.Tbh i`rhhehft

wgtb Bospgri wgcc òvhrf gts prgkh-rhportgf` priktgkhs gf tbh auturh.TbhIjjott Cijs hfaorkhehft iktgof

rhachkts Ittorfhy @hfhric Ijjotts kof-tgfugf` krikmdowf of wisth, ariud ifdijush gf tbh Ehdgkigd systhe. Gf :>>1icofh, tbh Thxis Ehdgkigd pro`rie kosteorh tbif $90 jgccgof.To sivh tixpiyhr

doccirs, tbh Ittorfhy @hfhric bis dri-eitgkiccy hxpifdhd jotb tbh Kgvgc Ehd-gkigd Ariud [hktgof ifd tbh EhdgkigdAriud Koftroc Xfgt. [gfkh bh toom

oaagkh, tbh kgvgc ifd krgegfic Ehdgkigdariud shktgofs bivh rhkovhrhd eorhtbif $:>> egccgof.

Pgtb tbh pissi`h oa iehfdehfts totbh Thxis Ehdgkigd Ariud ^rhvhftgofIkt gf 9770,tbh Thxis Ch`gsciturh pivhdtbh wiy aor wbgstchjcowhr ciwsugtsgfvocvgf` gfdustry gfsgdhrs. Xfdhr tbh

ciw, wbgstchjcowhrs eiy jh hcg`gjch aori phrkhfti`h oa diei`hs rhkovhrhd.Toojtigf eorh gfaoreitgof ijout tbhThxis Ittorfhy @hfhrics haaorts to ag`bt

Ehdgkigd ariud, ikkhss tbh i`hfkysPhj sgth it www.thxisittorfhy`hfhric.òv. Tbh Icijiei Ch`gsciturh sboucdtimh i coom it wbit Thxis ciweimhrs

bivh dofh to strhf`tbhf tbit stiths ciws.

[ourkh< Thxis Ittorfhy @hfhric ^rhss Zhchish

TBHJX[BIDEGFG[TZITGOFTIMH[X[KCO[HTOTBHBOOQHZDIW[

Is G wis agfgsbgf` tbgs gssuh tbh JusbIdegfgstritgofs jigc-outpikmi`h wis

jhgf` botcy dhjithd gf Kof rhss. Duhto tgeh kofstrigfts G wgcc ofcy siy aor

fow tbit rhwirdgf` korporith hxhku-tgvhs wbosh `rhhd, gfkoephthfkh ifd

totic dgsrhìrd aor tbh ruch oa ciw chd usdowf i pitb wbgkb iceost kiushd tbhdhstruktgof oa our hkofoegk systhe,eimhs fo shfsh. [hvhric yhirs iò, i

Zhpujcgkif-koftrocchd Kof`rhss toomiwiy eukb oa tbh rhùcitory iutborgtytbit rhsucthd gf tbh agfifkgic gfstgtu-

tgofs dogf` soeh bg`bcy quhstgofijchifd rhiccy stupgd tbgf`s.Ikkordgf` toKipgtoc gfsgdhrs, wbgch tbh prolhkthdkost wis ijout $0>> jgccgof, tbh iktuickost oa tbh jigcout koucd jh is bg`b is

$9.; trgccgof.Tbhrh wis cgttch gf tbh org`-gfic vhrsgof oa tbh pcif to prothkt tbhIehrgkif tixpiyhrs.Bophauccy, tbit wgccbivh jhhf kbif`hd ga tbh jigcout pisshs

ifd gs sg`fhd gfto ciw. Tbhrh wis ifhws rhport of tbh diy wh shft tbgsgssuh to tbh prgfthr tbit if i`rhhehft

gf prgfkgpch bid jhhf rhikbhd.Tbh aigchd hkofoegk pocgkghs oa tbh

Jusb Idegfgstritgofkoejgfhd wgtbvgrtuiccy fo haahktgvh rhùcitgof oa ouragfifkgic eirmhtstbrhithf to timh us

jikm to tbh Boovhr diys. Bophauccy, gatbhrh wis i jg-pirtgsif i rhhehft gfKof rhss, tbhy whrh ijch to kriat irhehdy tbit wgcc sivh our fitgofs

hkofoey wgtbout dogf` aurtbhrgrrhpirijch diei`h to prhshft ifdauturh tixpiyhrs.Xfaortufithcy, G doft

shh bow tbit kif jh ivogdhd.Ey gfgtgicrhspofsh wis to siy foto tbh jigcout,jut G ie aigrcy khrtigf soehtbgf` wgccbivh jhhf pisshd jy tbh tgeh tbgs gssuhgs rhkhgvhd.G lust boph ifd priy gts òt

is eukb tixpiyhr, boehowfhr, ifdseicc jusgfhss prothktgof is kif jhikbghvhd.

@ZHHDIFDGZZH[ÔF[GJGCGTWIZHTBHZOOTKIX[HOAOXZFITGOF[HKOFOEGK^ZOJCHE[

Is stithd ijovh, tbh hri oa `rhhd ifd

grrhspofsgjgcgty of Picc [trhht ifd gfPisbgf`tof bis krhithd i agfifkgickrgsgs is proaoufd is ify wh bivh aikhdsgfkh tbh @rhit Dhprhssgof.Pbgch tbh

jigcout oa our agfifkgic gfstgtutgofswgtb i prgkh ti` oa eorh tbif $0>>jgccgof gf tixpiyhr doccirs eiy iktuiccyjh fhkhssiry, our chidhrs eust timh icc

sthps fhkhssiry to korrhkt tbh proj-

ches tbit kiushd tbgs ehss. Kof`rhsskiffot ufdhrhstgeith or ivogd gts

rhspofsgjgcgty gf timgf` sukb if hfor-eous sthp.Zhìrdchss oa tbh sbiph tbgsrhkovhry pcif timhs, gt eust jh ùgdhdjy korh prgfkgpchs oa aigrfhss,jicifkh,

ifd agskic rhspofsgjgcgty.Tbh aoccowgfìrh ijsocuth rhqugrhehftsis pro-poshd jy [hfitor Ojieitbit eust

jh gf ify jigcout pikmi`h> òod piygf` lojs ga tbh koftrikt

gsft iwirdhd. Gt shhes prhtty kchir tbittbh Dhpirtehft oa Dhahfsh bis if

ur`hft egcgtiry fhhd tbit sboucd jh ehtis soof is possgjch. Gf ey opgfgof,Dhahfsh [hkrhtiry Zojhrt @iths ifd tbhJusb Pbgth Boush bivh soeh hxpcigf-

gf` to do of tbgs dhic. @iths siys tbhjgddgf` sboucd stirt ovhr jhkiush gtkoucdft jh koepchthd jhaorh @hor`h

P. Jusb chivhs oaagkh. Gt surh cooms cgmhtbh Jusb Idegfgstritgof wifts Johgf`to `ht tbh koftrikt aor pocgtgkic rhisofsifd gt bis i Dgkm Kbhfhy-Mirc Zovh-cgmhsehcc. Tbh iwirdgf` oa tbgs koftrikt

sboucd jh i fof-pocgtgkic prokhsskirrghd out jy tbh kirhhr proahssgoficsgf tbh egcgtiry ifd fot ofh eidh aorpocgtgkic or agfifkgic ìgf.

Tbh eissgvh koftriktwortb $;8jgccgof gfgtgiccy ifd possgjcy tbrhh tgehstbit ieouft gf auturh yhirsbis

driwf kcosh skrutgfy aroe Kof`rhss.IgrAorkh oaagkgics, wbo sboucd mfow, siyrhpcikgf` tbh kurrhft Hgshfbowhr-hritifmhr achht gs if ur`hft prgorgty.Is youmfow, Johgf` Ko.gs koephtgf` aor tbh

worm iìgfst if gfthrfitgofic thie tbitgfkcudhs Fortbrop @rueeif Korp.ifdtbh Hurophif Ihrofiutgk Dhahfsh ifd[pikh Ko., tbh pirhft oa Igrjus. Tbh

Fortbrop thie woucd isshejch gtspcifhs it Eojgchs Jroomchy Aghcd Gfdus-trgic Koepchx.Iathr yhirs oa dhciys, tbh

Igr Aorkh iwirdhd tbh koftrikt to tbhFortbrop thie gf Ahjruiry. Jut aorsoeh rhisof tbh ^hftiòf rhophfhdtbh koephtgtgof gf Lucy iathr i prothstjy Johgf` wis upbhcd jy òvhrfehft

iudgtors wbo ruchd tbit tbh jgddgfàivorhd Fortbrop.

Gts jhhf rhvhichd tbit Fortbrop@rueeif Korp.s jgd aor tbh X.[. Igr

Aorkh tifmhr koftrikt wis iceost $;jgccgof kbhiphr tbif tbh oaahr aroeJohgf` Ko. Lobf Wouf`, tbh Xfdhr [hk-rhtiry oa Dhahfsh aor Ikqugsgtgof it tbh

^hftiòf, tocd tbh Pisbgf`tof ôst gfif irtgkch pujcgsbhd of [hpthejhr 92tb

tbit Fortbrop oaahrhd to produkh tbhagrst 12 tifmhrs ufdhr i 907-pcifh kof-

trikt aor i kost oa $9:.8 jgccgof. Johgf`soaahr wis $98.4 jgccgof. Tbits ifivhri`h oa ijout $924 egccgof phrpcifh aor Fortbrop, koepirhd to ijout

$::1 egccgof ipghkh aor Johgf`.Wouf`sigd tbh dgaahrhfkh wis fotijch

jhkiush Fortbrops MK-48 tifmhr gs icir`hr ifd eorh vhrsitgch igrkriat tbif

tbh MK-010 oaahrhd jy Johgf`.Pbhf bh put tbh prolhkt of bocd,

Dhahfsh [hkrhtiry Zojhrt @iths sigdtbh ^hftiòf woucd aokus of ofcy i

bifdauc oa kofthsthd pogfts ifd agfgsbtbh prokurhehft wgtbgf sgx eoftbs.Jut Johgf` ifd gts Kipgtoc Bgcc iccghs

coudcy prothsthd, irùgf` tbit Johgf`koucd fot aigrcy koephth ufdhr sukbkofstrigfts, ifd tbrhithfhd to qugt tbhkoephtgtgof.Tbgs surh sehccs cgmh pocg-tgks to eh!

[ourkh< Issokgithd ^rhss

GG.

ÔCGTGKIC

OJ[HZQITGOF[

TBHÎZTWKOFQHFTGOF[IZHOQHZIFDTBHKOXFTDOPF[TIZT[

Tbh îrty foegfitgf` kofvhftgofstbgs yhir whrh witkbhd jy hxtrhehcy

cir`h thchvgsgof iudghfkhs. Jut hvhfwgtb tbhsh cir`h iudghfkhs, gts bird tosiy wbgkb pirty ìgfhd tbh eost aroegts kofvhftgof.G tbou`bt hikb bid soeh

òod ifd soeh fot so òod eoehfts.Tbh sphhkbhs jy jotb Kcgftofs, @ovhr-

for icgf,ifd [hfitor Ojiei whrh vhryòod ifd rhkhgvhd vhry òod rhvghws.

[hfitor EkKigf rhid bgs cgfhs aigrcywhcc, jut bgs phraoreifkh wis too duccifd ufgfspgrgf` aor eost oa tbh Iehrg-kifs wbo witkbhd.

^hrsoficcy, G ahct tbh ipphirifkh oa[hfitor Thd Mhffhdy wis tbh eosteovgf` phraoreifkh oa icc sphimhrswbo ipphirhd it hgtbhr kofvhftgof.

Hvhf bgs krgtgks bid to ipprhkgith tbh[hfitors dhdgkitgof to i kiush.[hfitor

Mhffhdys ovhrkoegf` pbysgkic cgegti-tgofs to eimh if ipphirifkh bid to jh

idegrhd jy icc Iehrgkifs. G sicuth tbh[hfitor aor bgs kouri`h ifd `rgt ifdicso priy tbit bh wgcc bivh i aucc rhkov-hry aroe bgs bhictb projches.

G eiy jh tbh ofcy phrsof wbo ahhcstbgs wiy, jut G ie `cid tbh kofvhftgofsirh ovhr so tbh kifdgdiths kif `ht outto tbh stiths wbhrh ordgfiry aocms kif

`ht i coom it tbhe ifd bhir tbhgr pcifs


5/52

www.LhrhJhischyZhport.koe 8

aor Iehrgki. Gts is kchir is kif jh tbittbh hkofoey gs tbh fuejhr ofh gssuh

wgtb tbh pujcgk ifd ofh tbh kifdgdithseust fot ofcy ufdhrstifd, jut eustbivh tbh kipikgty ifd ijgcgty to socvh.Gf ey opgfgof, tbit eimhs gt sort oa

tou`b aor tbh @O^ foegfhh. [hfitorEkKigf bis bid to rhvhrsh bgs stifd gfi fuejhr oa irhis dhicgf` wgtb tbh

hkofoey. Aor hxiepch, EkKigf wistoticcy iìgfst icc aores oa òvhrfehf-tic rhùcitgof,jut gs fow aor rhùcitgof.

TBHO Ô[GF@TGKMHT[PHZHOAAIFDZXFFGF@

Tbh prhsgdhftgic ifd vgkh-prhsgdhftgicfoegfhhs aor tbh two pirtghs whrh oaaifd ruffgf` ofkh tbh kofvhftgofswhrh ovhr.Tbh vgkh-prhsgdhftgic foeg-

fhhs whrh kofsgdhrhd surprgsh kbogkhsjy eify pocgtgkic ojshrvhrs, wgtb tbhjg``hst surprgsh kchircy jhgf` tbh @O^foegfhh. [hfitor EkKigfs rhic

kbogkh[hfitor Loh Cghjhreifkoucdft `ht pist tbh hxtrheh rg`btwgf` oa tbh Zhpujcgkif îrty, so tbhEkKigf kiepig`f bid to ò to i ^cif

J wgtbout dogf` eukb oa i jikm-`roufd kbhkm of tbgs shchktgof. Tbitrhsucthd gf @ovhrfor [irib îcgfkoegf` ofto tbh fitgofic skhfh wgtb i

jif`fo puf gfthfdhd. Fow, gt wgcc jh

qugth gfthrhstgf` to shh wbit rhic haahkt[hfitor Loh Jgdhf ifd @ovhrfor îcgfwgfd up bivgf` of tbh agfic outkoeh

of Fovhejhr 4tb.Tbhrh wis i suddhf stop gf eost icc

pocgtgkic iktgvgtghs jhkiush oa BurrgkifhGmh ifd tbh iffgvhrsiry oa 7-99.Pbgch

tbosh iktgvgtghs prhtty eukb jrou`bttbgf`s to i bict pocgtgkiccy aor i sborttgeh, icc oa tbh kifdgdiths bgt tbh roidiìgf wgtb i acurry of [hpthejhr 9:tb.

[gfkh tbhf tbhy bivh jhhf bgttgf` tbh

kiepig`f trigc it i sthidy pikh. Juttbhf tbh hkofoegk wohs aikgf` ourfitgof toom tbh spotcg`bt, sbokmgf` tbh

Iehrgkif phopch ifd tbh worcd. Tbhfitgofs hkofoey gs kchircy tbh fuejhrofh gssuh of tbh egfds oa Iehrgkifs.Pbgkbhvhr kifdgdith dhics wgtb tbit

gssuh haahktgvhcy wgcc jh tbh fhxt ^rhsg-dhft.[o air, gt ipphirs tbit phrsof wgccjh [hfitor Ojiei. Bgs oppofhft,[hfitor EkKigf, ipphirhd to jh cgmh i

dhhr gf bhidcg`bts sgfkh tbh hkofoegkprojches aikgf` our fitgof whrh put gf

sbirp aokus, doegfitgf` tbh fhws ofhvhry ehdgi outcht.EkKigfs a cgp-acopsof kofkhpts sukb is òvhrfehftic rh`-ucitgof wgcc jhkoeh eorh ifd eorh

hvgdhft jhtwhhf fow ifd HchktgofDiy. To put gt gf sgepch thres, tbhwhhms stirtgf` of [hpthejhr 94tb

whrhft òod ofhs aor tbh îcgf-EkKigf tgkmht.

TBHQOTHZ[PGCCBIQHI KCHIZKBOGKH

Hikb phrsof wbo òhs gfto tbhvotgf` jootb of Fovhejhr 4tb sboucdism ofh sgepchjut krgtgkiccy gepor-

tiftquhstgof ifd tbit gs,Ie G jhtthroaa todiy tbif G wis wbhf @hor`h P.Jusb wis agrst sworf gf is ^rhsgdhft oatbh Xfgthd [tiths oa Iehrgki? Ojvg-

ouscy, tbh EkKigf kiepig`f jhcghvhstbit tbh hg`bt yhirs oa Jusb-Kbhfhy-Zovh ruch bivh jhhf òod aor tbhkouftry. Gf aikt, tbhy whrh gf cokm-sthp

wgtb tbh Idegfgstritgof ifd wifthd to`gvh us aour eorh yhirs oa tbh sieh ocdaigchd pocgkghs tbit bivh vgrtuiccydhstroyhd our fitgofs hkofoey.Pbhf

you kofsgdhr bow tbh hkofoey bisòfh aroe hxkhcchft to vhry,vhry jid gfhg`bt yhirs, timgf` us jikm to tbou`btsoa Boovhr gf tbh Pbgth Boush, gts kchir

tbit tbh Jusb-Kbhfhy-Zovh Idegfgstri-tgof wgcc ò dowf gf bgstory is tbhworst sgfkh ^rhsgdhft Boovhr.

Tbh rhsuctgf` projches tbit icc Iehr-

gkifs irh aikgf` todiy sboucd eimhkboosgf` i ^rhsgdhft of Fovhejhr 4tb

if hisy dhkgsgof.Bowhvhr, tbh powhr-auc korporith cojjygsts irh dogf` hvhry-

tbgf` possgjch to `gvh us aour eorhyhirs oa Jusb-Kbhfhy-Zovh. Gf ifyhvhft, G jhcghvh tbh ifswhr to tbh quhs-tgof poshd ijovhjy if ovhrwbhce-

gf` eilorgty oa vothrs of Fovhejhr4tbwgcc jh i rhsoufdgf` fo!

DHEOKZIT[IFDZH^XJCGKIF[EX[TLOGFTBHAG@BT

Ph irh aikgf` i eorics krgsgs gf tbgs

kouftry tbit sboucd bivh tbh itthftgofoa icc Iehrgkif kgtgzhfs.Tbh agctb tbitwh shh ifd bhir of thchvgsgof skrhhfs

of i fg`btcy jisgs gs toticcy ufikkhpt-ijch. Eoricgty ifd koeeof dhkhfky

bivh jhhf put of tbh sbhca.Tbh îrhftsThchvgsgof Koufkgc ur`hd jotb eilorpocgtgkic pirtghs to aokus of hfthrtigf-ehft gssuhs oa kofkhrf to pirhfts it

tbhgr kofvhftgofs.Tbgs orìfgzitgof bisjhhf ag`btgf` to kchif up thchvgsgofjroidkistgf` ifd fhhds bhcp. ^TK ^rhs-

gdhft Tge Pgfthr bid tbgs to siy jhaorhtbh pirty foegfitgf` kofvhftgofs toompcikh>1. Fojody mfhw bow eukb tbh

`roup iktuiccy sphft or wbo aurfgsbhdtbhgr eofhy. Gts tbgs sort oa tbgf` tbiteust jh hxposhd ifd stopphd. Aroft`roups wgtb if i`hfdi kift jh

iccowhd to gfacuhfkh hchktgofs it ifychvhc gf tbgs kouftry.

GGG.

CH@G[CITGQH

BI^^HFGF@[

TBHOXTCOOMAOZÎ[[I@HOAI [TZOF@DXG JGCCI^^HIZ[TOJHJHTTHZ

Bophauccy, tbh ch`gscitgof fhhdhd tostrhf`tbhf Icijieis DXG phfictghs

wgcc piss gf fhxt yhirs ch`gscitgvh

shssgof. Eojgch Koufty [hfitor Zusty@covhr ifd two otbhr soutbwhstIcijiei ciweimhrs, Eirk Mhibhy oa

@rovh Bgcc ifd [phfkhr Kocchr oa Grvgf`-tof, siy tbhy wgcc worm to`htbhr to pissi jgcc fhxt yhir. Tbhgr proposhd jgccwoucd2 or bg`bhr gs drufm.Ofkh tbitchvhc rhikbhs >.98, tbh drgvhr woucd

jh sujlhkt to i``rivithd DXG ifddoujch tbh egfgeue phficty.

Hcgegfith tbh agvh-yhir kutoaa wbhfkofsgdhrgf` if oaahfdhrs DXGbgstory, to ophf tbh wiy aor stgaahr

shfthfkhs.

Zhqugrh oaahfdhrs to pirtgkgpith gfpro`ries wgtb vgktges oa drufmhfdrgvhrs.

Aorkh phopch kofvgkthd oa drufmhfdrgvgf` to gfsticc dhvgkhs of tbhgrkirs tbit cokm tbh g`fgtgof ga ickoboc

gs dhthkthd of tbhgr jrhitb.

Kbif h tbh stith ciw tbit kurrhftcyrhqugrhs chss pufgsbehft aor i aourtbDXG oaahfsh tbif aor i tbgrd.

Is bis jhhf wgdhcy rhporthd, i bg`bphrkhfti`h oa tbosh wbo irh mgcchd gf

eotor vhbgkch ikkgdhfts irh gfvocvhd gfickoboc-rhcithd krisbhs. Gf sukb kishs,soehofh gs usuiccy gftoxgkithd. [oehIcijiei ciweimhrs jhcghvh DXG

oaahfdhrs irh icrhidy pufgsbhd birsbcyhfou`b. G toticcy dgsi rhh wgtb tbitvghw. Jishd of wbit wh shh gf ourpriktgkh, G ie kofvgfkhd wh fhhd to

`ht tou`bhr of drufm drgvhrs.I sg`fgag-kift fuejhr oa tbh eotor vhbgkch ikkg-

dhfts wh bifdch gfvocvh drufm drgvhrs.Zhp. Koccghr, i aorehr [tith Troophr,

jhcghvhs tbh cgfh bis to jh driwf soeh-wbhrh, siygf` tbit phopch wgtb i >.98jcood-ickoboc chvhc typgkiccy posh i`rhithr rgsm ifd drgvh drufm eorh arh-

quhftcy tbif tbosh kiu`bt wgtb cowhrchvhcs.Tbh ciweimhr siys,bowhvhr, tbittbh provgsgof rhqugrgf` g`fgtgof gfthr-cokm dhvgkhs gf tbh kirs oa DXG oaahfd-

hrs gs i shpirith eitthr ifd sboucd jhkofsgdhrhd gf gts owf jgcc. Gt woucdipphir tbit sukb i ehisurh gs gepor-tift hfou`b aor gt to jh gfkcudhd gf tbh

DXG jgcc.G doujt gt woucd piss gf i shpi-rith jgcc.

Icijieis DXG ciws irh too whim ifdsboucd jh up`ridhd.Tbh kurrhft ciws

doft provgdh hfou`b gfkhftgvh aorphrsofs to ivogd drgvgf` wbhf tbhy irhdrgfmgf`. Eotbhrs Iìgfst DrufmDrgvgf` bis jhhf pusbgf` bird aor

strof`hr DXG ciws ifd wgcc bhcp `ht tbgs


7/52

fhhdhd ch`gscitgof pisshd.Ga you i`rhhtbit wh fhhd to `ht tou`bhr of drufm

drgvhrs, ifd tbit tbh ch`gscitors sboucddo tbhgr pirt, cht your [hfitors ifdBoush ehejhrs mfow jhaorh tbh fhxtshssgof.

[ourkh< Eojgch ^rhss Zh`gsthr

GQ.KOXZT PITKB

TBHKO[TOAZXFFGF@AOZI LXD@H[BG^GFTBHX.[. G[OFTBHZG[H

Tbh kost oa ruffgf` aor shits of stithipphccith kourts ikross tbh kouftry gs`httgf` bg`bhr ifd bg`bhr wgtb fo

ippirhft hfd gf sg`bt.Tbh sgtuitgof gfstiths sukb is Egkbgìf,Pgskofsgf,Egs-

sgssgppg ifd Icijieiwbhrh rikhs aorspots of tbhgr rhsphktgvh [uprheh

Kourts bivh driwf egccgofs oa doccirsgf koftrgjutgofsgs oa `rhit kofkhrfto `roups tbit wift our kourts to jhgfdhphfdhft ifd fot koftrocchd. I

rhport rhchishd hircghr tbgs yhir jy tbhEgdwhst Dheokriky Fhtworm ifdLustgkh it [timh Kiepig`f, i Pisbgf`-tof-jishd ludgkgic witkbdo` `roup,

pogfts out bow hxphfsgvh stith kourtrikhs bivh jhkoeh.

Is G ufdhrstifd gt, tbhrh irh soeh 4>kofthsthd stith [uprheh Kourt rikhs

iroufd tbh kouftry tbgs yhir. Tbhrhports rhvhic tbit sphfdgf` jy ludgkgickifdgdiths aor tbh fitgofs bg`bhst stithkourt rikhs bis òfh up aroe $1:

egccgof rigshd jhtwhhf 977; ifd 9772to $918 egccgof jhtwhhf 9777 ifd:>>0. Tbgs rigshs quhstgofs ijoutwbhtbhr lustgkhs kif rheigf gepirtgic

wbhf so eukb eofhy gs sphft to hchkttbhe.To `ht iroufd tbh projche,soeh

stiths irh kofsgdhrgf` pujcgkcy agfifk-gf` ludgkgic rikhs. Gf Icijiei icc haaorts

to kurj sphfdgf` gf tbh rikhs aor[uprheh Kourt bivh aigchd.Tbh sourkhsoa tbh jg` eofhy bivh to jh oa `rhitkofkhrf to ordgfiry kgtgzhfs wbo

dhphfd of tbh kourts aor prothktgofifd rhcgha wbhf fhhdhd ifd dhshrvhd.^hrbips, tbh eofhy sphft jy `roupstbit doft bivh to rhport tbhgr sourkhs

or wbo hts tbh eofhy gs tbh jg` hst

kofkhrf. Hxiepchs oa sukb `roups irhArhhdoe Pitkb, Iehrgkif Tixpiyhrs

Iccgifkh,Kgtgzhfs aor i [oufd Hkofoeyifd Icijiei Kgtgzhfs Iìgfst CiwsugtIjush. Tbhsh irh tbh ittikm do`s tbitgfacuhfkh ludgkgic hchktgofs jut doft

bivh to jh ikkouftijch to tbh vothrs.Icc ifyjody sboucd wift gs i kourtsysthe tbit gs aigr ifd gfdhphfdhft.

Timgf` iwiy tbh phrkhgvhd gfacuhfkh oacir`h kiepig`f dofors sboucd jh i òictbit icc oa us kif i`rhh of.


TBHAXFDGF@OATBHICIJIEI[X^ZHEHKOXZTZIKH

Ikkordgf` to ehdgi rhports, Lud`h

Dhjorib Jhcc îshurs kiepig`f bisrhkhgvhd ovhr i tbousifd gfdgvgduicdofitgofs durgf` tbh cist rhportgf`phrgod, iddgf` to tbh bufdrhds oa kof-

trgjutgofs icrhidy supportgf` bhr kie-pig`f aor tbh Icijiei [uprheh Kourt.Durgf` tbh cist agcgf` phrgod, tbh îshurKiepig`f rhkhgvhd i totic oa 9,9;8 kof-

trgjutgofs toticgf` $4:8,908.;;,jrgf`-gf` tbh totic fuejhr oa dofitgofs to9,490 ifd tbh totic ieouft rigshd to$8;9,>>7.44.Tbh kiepig`fs kisb of

bifd it tbh hfd oa tbh agcgf` phrgod wis$0:,904.14.Eirgof [thgfahcs,kiepig`feifi`hr oa tbh îshur Kiepig`f,

ojshrvhd>> ikkordgf`

to tbh Issokgithd ^rhss. Gfthrhstgf`cy,

78% oa tbh [biw eofhy kieh aroeÎKs tbit pisshd of eofhy to tbh kie-

pig`f.Tbh cir`hst ieoufts kieh aroeTbh Icijiei Kgvgc Lustgkh Zhaore Koe-egtthh îk, Jgz îk ifd Ciwsugt Zhaoreîk oa Icijiei. Iceost 9>>% oa tbh

aufds koegf` to tbh [biw kiepig`fkoeh aroe ÎKs issokgithd dgrhktcywgtb tbh `gifts oa Korporith Iehrgki

ifd gts kchir tbhy wgcc jh [biwsprgeiry sourkh oa eofhy ifd support.Gt wgcc jh eost gfthrhstgf` to shh bowtbgs gs rhkhgvhd jy Icijiei kgtgzhfswbo irh wgtfhssgf` wbit tbh irroìfkh

ifd `rhhd oa korporith hxhkutgvhswgtb tbh bhcp oa tbh Jusb Idegfgstri-tgofbivh dofh to our fitgofshkofoey ovhr tbh pist hg`bt yhirs.


AHDHZIC^ZHHE^TGOFG[XF-IEHZGKIF

[oehtgehs ciwyhrs eimh tbgf`s sokoepcgkithd tbit hvhf tbhy doft

ufdhrstifd wbit tbhy irh trygf` tokoeeufgkith. Tbit eiy jh tbh kishwbhf gt koehs to ittheptgf` to hxpcigfahdhric prhheptgof.Tbgs kofkhpt wis

vgrtuiccy ufmfowf,hvhf gf chìc kgrkchs,uftgc hvhfts oa tbh cist yhir tbrustgt gfto tbh spotcg`bt. Jisgkiccy gtsfotbgf` eorh tbif i sbghcd iìgfst ciw-

sugts iìgfst eimhrs oa òvhrfehft-

ipprovhd produkts, gfkcudgf` ehdgkicdhvgkhs ifd dru`s.Pbhf you kofsgdhrtbit prhheptgof woucd ippcy to prh-

skrgptgof ehdgkgfhs ifd ovhr-tbh-koufthrdru`s,tbh kofkhpt jhkoehs hvhf eorhgcco`gkic.Tbh ADI bis jhhf cgttch eorhtbif if hxthfsgof oa tbh powhrauc

pbireikhutgkic gfdustry ifd tbh aikt oaipprovic jy tbh i`hfky oa i dru` bisprovhd to jh fo gfdgkitgof tbit tbhdru` gs siah aor ush. Qgoxx, if ADI-

ipprovhd dru`, gs i prgeh hxiepch oa

tbit wgtbout ify doujt. Ga ahdhric prh-heptgof bid jhhf tbh ciw fo Qgoxxciwsugt koucd bivh jhhf agchd.

Ga ahdhric prhheptgof gs upbhcd jytbh X.[. [uprheh Kourt gt wgcc jh tbheost air-rhikbgf` kbif`h gf tbh ciw gfey cgahtgeh. Gt wgcc bivh jhhf i kbif`h

jrou`bt ijout wgtb iceost fo pujcgkdhjith.Is you sboucd mfow, tbh JusbIdegfgstritgof wis ufijch to `ht Kof-



8/522 www.JhischyIcchf.koe

`rhsshvhf wgtb i Zhpujcgkif-kof-trocchd Boush ifd [hfithto cgegt ciw-

sugts. [o tbh Idegfgstritgof toom ifufdhr-tbh-ridir ipproikb it ikkoe-pcgsbgf` gts òic oa prothktgf` korpo-rith wrof`dohrs tbrou`b tbh ahdhric

kourt systhe.Xftgc rhkhftcy, tbh rg`bt to trgic jy

lury gf kgvgc eitthrs wis i bgstorgk pro-

thktgof aor kofsuehrs ifd vgktges oakorporith ijush ifd wrof`dogf`.Fowwh shh tbit kofstgtutgofic rg`bt jhgf`triepchd of cgmh fhvhr jhaorh. Gf aikt,tbh ehf wbo aorehd our Zhpujcgk

woucd turf ovhr gf tbhgr `rivhs ga tbhymfhw wbit tbh Jusb krowd bis dofhifd gs fow trygf` to do to tbh X.[.Kof-stgtutgof. Ahdhric prhheptgofga

iccowhdwoucd jh tbh cist striw aorordgfiry kgtgzhfs wbo bivh ch`gtgeithkciges ifd wbo dhshrvh tbhgr diy gf

kourt.Divgd K.Qgidhkm, i ciw proahssorit @hor`htowf, bid tbgs to siy ijouttbh prhheptgof gssuh< Tbgs gs i ridgkicrhstrukturgf` oa tbh Iehrgkif kgvgclustgkh systhe. G toticcy i`rhh wgtb tbit

isshssehft.Gf gts cist diys, tbh Jusb Idegfgstri-

tgof gs bivgf` ahdhric i`hfkghs rhgfthr-prht tbh ciws of tbh jooms to kofkcudh

tbit lury vhrdgkts gf stith kourts woucdkofacgkt wgtb ahdhric pocgky. Tbit bidfhvhr jhhf tbh posgtgof timhf jy ify

prhvgous idegfgstritgof gfkcudgf`Hgshfbowhr, Fgxof,Zhiìf ifd @hor hJusb (tbh aitbhr oa tbh kurrhft prhsg-dhft). Gf aikt, uftgc rhkhftcy @hor`h P.Jusb fhvhr toom tbit vghw.Tbgs wis i

Mirc Zovh krhitgof ifd ofh tbit bisagficcy stgrrhd up tbh Iehrgkif phopchis whcc is Kof`rhss.Pbhf aocms rhiccyufdhrstifd wbit ahdhric prhheptgof gs

tbhy irh 9>>% iìgfst gt.Tbgs gs if gssuhtbit wgcc ufgay ordgfiry kgtgzhfs cgmhfotbgf` hcsh bis jhhf ijch to do. Gtsofh jittch wh kift iaaord to cosh!

TBHDHITBOAKOZÔZITHZH[ÔF[GJGCGTW

Ph wgcc fow timh i kcoshr coom it tbhgfvocvhehft oa tbh X.[. [uprheh Kourtgf tbh prhheptgof ag`bt aroe i chìcphrsphktgvh.Eify chìc skbocirs doft

jhcghvh tbit if uctri-kofshrvitgvh[uprheh Kourt wgcc ludgkgiccy ch`gscith

iwiy 9>> yhirs oa whcc-gfthrprhthdjcikm chtthr ciw ifd sphkgagkiccy ciws

tbit whrh gfthfdhd to prothkt stithsrg`bts. Otbhrs, bowhvhr, bivgf` shhfagrst bifd wbit ludgkgic iktgvgsts it chisttbrhh ehejhrs oa tbgs Kourt bivh

jhkoeh, jhcghvh tbit tbh Lustgkhs irh oftbh vhr`h oa dhicgf` tbh eost vgkgousjcow hvhr dhict to tbh kgvgc lustgkh

systhe.Ifd ga tbhy do, gt wgcc khrtigfcyjh tbh agrst oa eify to koeh.Bophauccy,tbhrh irh hfou`b Lustgkhs of tbh Kourtwbo jhcghvh gf tbh Kofstgtutgof ifdstithsrg`bts to do tbh rg`bt tbgf`.

Tbh kish jhaorh tbh Kourt gs Pyhtb v.Chvgfh. Gfthrhstgf`cy ifd phrbips jykbifkh, tbh Kourt wgcc bhir oric irù-ehft of Fovhejhr ;rd, tbh diy jhaorh

Hchktgof Diy.Tbh ^cigftgaa gf tbh kish,Dgifi Chvgfh,wis i proahssgofic eusg-kgif jhaorh bhr rg`bt ire wis iepu-

tithd jhcow tbh hcjow.Tbh dhjgcgtitgf`gflury wis kiushd jy tbh idegfgstri-tgof oa Pyhtbs dru` bhfhrìf jy ifgftrivhfous pusb (if gflhktgof gfto ifGQ cgfh).Pyhtb bid wirfhd pbysgkgifs

fot to gflhkt tbh dru` gfto if irthry,jutdgd fot wirf iìgfst tbh GQ pusbehtbod hvhf tbou`b sukb i thkbfgquhkoucd gfidvhrthftcy rhsuct gf tbh dru`

rhikbgf` irthrgic jcood, is gt dgd wbhfidegfgsthrhd to Es. Chvgfh. Es.Chvgfhwof it tbh trgic chvhc ifd icso jhaorh

tbh Dhciwirh [uprheh Kourt.Is wh bivh rhporthd, tbh X.[.[uprheh Kourt rhkhftcy iddrhsshd prh-heptgof gf tbh kofthxt oa i ehdgkicdhvgkh (fot i prhskrgptgof dru` kish) gfZhg`hc v. Ehdtrofgk. Gf tbit kish, tbhKourt bhcd tbit tbh prhheptgof cif-ùi`h koftigfhd gf tbh Ehdgkic DhvgkhIkt prhkcudhd ciwsugts iìgfst eifu-

aikturhrs aor dhvgkhs tbit bid ufdhr-òfh tbh ADIs eost tborou`b rhvghwprokhsss.Agficcy, aroe tbh gfkhptgof oa tbh

ADI uftgc iathr @hor`h P. Jusbjhkieh ^rhsgdhft, tbh ADI bgstorgkiccyifd rhphithdcy toom tbh posgtgof tbit

stith tort ciws pciy if geportift rochgf kofsuehr prothktgof ifd tbit ADIprodukt ipprovic ifd stith tort cgijgc-gty usuiccy ophrith gfdhphfdhftcy, hikb

provgdgf` i sg`fgagkift, yht dgstgfkt,ciyhr oa kofsuehr prothktgof. Xfaor-tufithcy, tbh Jusb Idegfgstritgof bis

ijifdofhd kofsuehr prothktgof gfaivor oa korporith prothktgof ifd gtbis ushd tbh ADI is gts eigf vhbgkchaor kbif`h.Gt bis kbir`hd tbh ADI ifdtbh [ocgkgtor @hfhric wgtb dogf` hvhry-

tbgf` gf tbhgr powhr (ifd phrbipsjhyofd) to dgshfarifkbgsh gflurhd kgtg-zhfs aroe shhmgf` rhdrhss gf tbhkourts iìgfst tbh cir`hst, whictbghst,

ifd eost powhrauc korporitgofs gfIehrgki.Tbus air, tbh Jusb Idegfgstri-tgof bis itthepthd prhheptgoftbrou`b rhùcitory agit wgtb ehdgkic

dhvgkhs ifd pbireikhutgkics. TbhJusb Idegfgstritgof kchircy bisjroidhr iejgtgofstbh pbireikhutg-kic aghcd gs ofcy tbh jh`gffgf . Tbh

Idegfgstritgof ifd tbh X.[. Kbiejhroa Koeehrkh bivh icrhidy sg`fichdtbit tbhy wgcc shhm tbh prhheptgof oastith ciw kciges jy ifyofh gflurhd

aroe i dhahktgvh kir ifd ify otbhrgfdustry wgtb hvhf tbh scg`bthst chvhc


9/52


oa rhùcitory ovhrsg`bt.Of tbh jrg`bt sgdh, ovhr 1>% oa tbh

Iehrgkif pujcgk, ikkordgf` to rhkhftpujcgk opgfgof poccs, ufdhrstifd tbit`riftgf` geeufgty to dru` eimhrs wgccofcy aorkh gfsurifkh koepifghs ifd

tbh Iehrgkif tixpiyhr to aoot tbh jgccaor tbh gflurghs ifd diei`hs kiushd jydhahktgvh dru`s. @gvgf` geeufgty to

korporith wrof`dohrs gs sgepcy wrof`.Gts gf tbh jhst gfthrhsts oa icc Iehrgkifsaor tbh [uprheh Kourt to ruch tbit stithciw kciges irh fot prhhepthd jy tbhADKI,jut irh vgtic to tbh prothktgof oa

icc phopch wbo irh gflurhd jy dhahktgvhifd dif`hrous dru`s.

ÎZTGIC[HTTCHEHFTZHIKBHDGFHRROFQICDH\KI[H

îrt oa tbh pufgtgvh diei`hsiwirdhd to ^cigftgaas gf tbh fitgofsworst ogc spgcc wgcc jh pigd to Icismiagsbhrehf ifd otbhr ^cigftgaas, jy

HxxofEojgc.I shttchehft wis rhikbhdgf tbhHxxof Qicdhzkish wbgkb ehifsijout $;2; egccgof wgcc jh rhchishd jyHxxof. Xfdhr tbh i rhhehft, tbh

eofhy wgcc jh dgstrgjuthd to fhircy;;,>>> koeehrkgic agsbhrehf ifdotbhrs wbo suhd Hxxof iathr tbh 9727ogc spgcc. HxxofEojgc wis ijch to `ht

tbh ^cigftgaas ciwyhrs to i`rhh of tbh

koepifys oaahr to piy tbh pufgtgvhdiei`hs iwirdhd jy tbh [uprhehKourt of Lufh :8tb, chss khrtigf kosts

ifd ieoufts rhcitgf` to hircghr shttch-ehfts wgtb aorehr ^cigftgaas. Tbhi`rhhd-upof ieouft wgtb tbh ^cigftgaasgs ipproxgeithcy $;2;.4 egccgof.

Divgd Ohstgf` oa Ifkbori`h,tbh chidciwyhr aor tbh ^cigftgaas, tocd tbh Ifkbor-i`h Digcy Fhws bh ifd ciwyhrs aorHxxof fhòtgithd tbh shttchehft.

Ciwyhrs wgcc koftgfuh to fhòtgith ovhr

$0> egccgof ifd fhircy i bica jgccgofdoccirs gf gfthrhst.Agsbhrehf ifd otbhr^cigftgaas sboucd shh kbhkms koegf` gf

jh`gffgf` tbgs eoftb.Gfthrhst kickucithdsgfkh 9774 woucd idd if hstgeithd $422egccgof, joostgf` iwirds to gfdgvgduicsaroe rou`bcy $98,>>> to ijout $:7,4>>.

Oa koursh, Hxxof kofthfds gt dohs fotbivh to piy gfthrhst. Arifm Eucchf, iBoehr, Icismi, koeehrkgic agsbhreif,bid tbgs to siy kofkhrfgf` tbh piyehfts-yhir-ocdstituth dhsg`fhd to bict ovhrshis korpo-rith korruptgof. G ufdhrstifd ijout 2>kishs gfvocvgf` eilor korporitgofsikkushd oa ovhrshis jrgjhry whrh

ufdhr gfvhstgìtgof it tbh hfd oa cistyhir.Aroe icc ikkoufts, gt ipphirs tbitjrgjgf` oaagkgics oa aorhg`f kouftrghsbis jhkoeh i wiy oa cgah gf tbh ogc

gfdustry. Gf tbh [tifchy kish, tbh $92:egccgof gf jrgjhs icch`hdcy whrh pigd

fot lust jy Biccgjurtof jut jy gts pirt-fhrs, if gfthrfitgofic kofsortgue oa

hf`gfhhrgf` koepifghs aroe Arifkh,Gticy ifd Lipif.Bivgf` bid soeh hxph-rghfkh wgtb tbh pocgtgkiccy powhraucifd gfacuhftgic ogc gfdustry of i doehs-

tgk chvhc, G ie fot surprgshd it ifytbgf`gfvocvgf` if ogc koepify ifyeorh.

[oeh jhcghvh [tifchys thstgeofy

eiy icso posh kofkhrfs aor Qgkh ^rhsg-dhft Dgkm Kbhfhy, wbo rif Biccgjurtofjhtwhhf 9778 ifd :>>>,wbhf [tifchywis ippogfthd is MJZs kbgha hxhkutgvhoaagkhr. Bowhvhr, Kbhfhy bis kofsgs-

thftcy dhfghd ify wrof`dogf . CirryQhshcmi, [tifchys ciwyhr, siys bgs kcghftwgcc koophrith auccy gf ify gfvhstgì-tgof. I lud`h wgcc dhthregfh [tifchys

agfic shfthfkh dhphfdgf` of bgs koe-pcgifkh wgtb tbh pchi i`rhhehft.Tbitsboucd kiush `rhit kofkhrf to ifyjody

koffhkthd wgtb Biccgjurtof or MJZwbo dgd ifytbgf` wrof`. Qhshcmi bidtbgs to siy< Bhs ògf` to koophrithwgtb wbhrhvhr tbhy wift to ò ifdwbithvhr tbhy wift bge to do. Tbit

eiy kofkhrf cots oa proegfhft ehf gfour fitgofs Kipgtoc.

Tbh jrgjhry skifdic gs ofh oa eifygfvocvgf` Biccgjurtofs MJZ sujsgdgiry gf

tbh pist shvhric yhirs. MJZ bis rhphit-hdcy jhhf krgtgkgzhd aor ovhrjgccgf` tbhX.[.òvhrfehft aor provgdgf` aood, auhc

ifd otbhr shrvgkhs to X.[.socdghrs gf Griq.Cist yhir,Biccgjurtof spuf oaa MJZ gfto ishpirith korporitgof. Hircghr tbgs yhir,Biccgjurtof rhporthd tbit tbh [HK wisdrieitgkiccy wgdhfgf` tbh skoph oa tbh

gfvhstgìtgof to kovhr prolhkts jugctdurgf` tbh pist :> yhirs gf euctgpchkouftrghs. Tbosh gfvhstg itgofs eiyaokus of [tifchys iktgvgtghs gf otbhr

kouftrghs. Gt ipphirs aroe kourt doku-ehfts tbit [tifchy wormhd wgtb ifotbhrkofsuctift, gdhftgaghd is i duic-fitgoficChjifhsh ifd Iehrgkif kgtgzhf, gf if

hcijorith mgkmjikm skbheh. Xfdhr tbhskbheh,[tifchy bgrhd tbh kofsuctift tobhcp Biccgjurtof ifd gts prhdhkhssoragres irrif`h dhics to jugcd cgquhaghd-

fituric-ìs prolhkts fot ofcy gf Fg`hrgijut icso gf H`ypt,Whehf ifd Eiciysgi.Aroe 9779 to :>>4,gts rhporthd tbit tbhkofsuctift dgrhkthd $9>.2 egccgof oa tbh

prokhhds jikm to [tifchy tbrou`b i[wgss jifm ikkouft.Tbhsh dhics gfvocvhd


10/529> www.JhischyIcchf.koe

[tifchys org`gfic hepcoyhr, E.P.Mhcco``,is whcc is MJZ.Icc oa tbgs wgcc jh

witkbhd vhry kcoshcy is hvhfts ufaocd.

[ourkh< ^J[ Fhws Zhport

KCI[[IKTGOFAGCHDI@IGF[TAIFFGHEIH

Tbh agrst kciss iktgof ciwsugt wis

agchd cist eoftb irgsgf` out oa tbhAiffgh ifd Arhddgh jigcout gf tbh X.[.Dgstrgkt Kourt gf tbh [outbhrf Dgstrgktoa Fhw Worm.Tbh shkurgtghs kciss iktgof

wis agchd of jhbica oa tbosh wbo bhcdpujcgkcy-tridhd shkurgtghs oa Aiffgh Eihjhtwhhf Fovhejhr 91,:>>0 ifd [hp-thejhr 8, :>>2. Tbit wis jhaorh tbh

ahdhric òvhrfehft toom ovhr tbhkoepify. Dhahfdifts gf tbh sugt irh[thpbhf Isbchy, kbigreif oa AiffghEihs joird= Difghc Eudd, Aiffghs

prhsgdhft ifd kbgha hxhkutgvh oaagkhr=[thpbhf [wid, Aiffghs hx-kbgha agfif-kgic oaagkhr= ifd Zojhrt Chvgf, aorehrcytbh koepifys hxhkutgvh vgkh prhsgdhft

ifd kbgha jusgfhss oaagkhr.Tbh koepcigft icch`hs tbit Aiffgh

Eihs pujcgkcy-dgskcoshd agfifkgic rhsuctsegsrhprhshfthd tbh agfifkgic bhictb oa

tbh koepify, ifd tbit tbh Dhahfdiftshgtbhr eidh aicsh stithehfts or aigchd todgskcosh tbh trutb to gfvhstors. Gtsaurtbhr icch hd tbit is i rhsuct, tbh

Dhahfdifts ariuduchft skbheh wis

sukkhssauc gf dhkhgvgf tbh pujcgk,irtgag-kgiccy gfacitgf` tbh prgkhs oa pujcgkcy-tridhd Aiffgh Eih stokm, ifd kiusgf`

kciss ehejhrs to juy Aiffgh Eih stokmit tbosh gfacithd prgkhs.

Ikkordgf` to tbh koepcigft, Euddrhkhgvhd ovhr $94 egccgof gf koephfsi-

tgof aroe Aiffgh Eih gf :>>1 ifd ovhr$9: egccgof gf :>>0= Chvgf rhkhgvhdovhr $7.8 egccgof gf :>>1 ifd ovhr $2.4egccgof gf :>>0= [wid rhkhgvhd ovhr

$4.2 egccgof gf :>>0= ifd Isbchy

rhkhgvhd ovhr $8>>,>>> gf :>>0. Gtsicch`hd gf tbh koepcigft>0 ifdsprgf` oa :>>2 ijout gts agfifkgic posg-tgof ifd tbh kipgtic rigshs Aiffgh Eih

ufdhrtoom. Tbh aour Dhahfdifts irhikkushd oa gssuhoa Aortufh Eiìzgfh hftgtchd BowCiwchss irh Jg Koepifghs? tbitsboucd bivh ichrthd òvhrfehft rhùci-tors to shrgous projches gf Korporith

Iehrgki.Tbh ophfgf` piri`ripb oa tbitirtgkch sboucd bivh òtthf tbh itthftgofoa tbh bhids oa tbh ahdhric ifd stithi`hfkghs tbit irh supposhd to jh rhù-

citgf` tbh iktgvgtghs oa Korporith

Iehrgki gf i fuejhr oa geportiftirhis.Tbh aoccowgf` gs wbit tbh iutbor

bid to siy wiy jikm gf 972>, bowhvhr,Eitthri wis lust i youf` rhshirkbhr itAortufh eiìzgfh. Bh wis issg`fhd jytbh hdgtors it tbh eiìzgfh to do i

story ijout korporith krgeh. Gt wisjhcghvhd tbit tbh projche wis seicc gfskoph it tbit tgeh ifd woucdftieouft to eukb. Jut Eitthri, tbrou`b

bgs rhshirkb, chirfhd tbit tbh rhicprojche wis fot gf tbh seicchr koepi-fghs, jut gfsthid wis gf tbh vhry cir`hkorporitgofs.

Eitthri whft of to wrgth aour joomsijout korporith powhr. Bh wormhd aorZiy Zo`hrs it Korporith Kiepig`f gfFhw Worm. Eitthri tbhf eovhd aroe

Fhw Worm to Pisbgf`tof wbhrh bhsphft i yhir it Mrocc. Ifd tbhf bhshttchd dowf it @ood Lojs Agrst. Bgskurrhft jco`Dgrt Dg``hrs Dg`hst

`gvhs tgps to iktgvgsts rhshirkbgf` kor-porith wrof`dogf`. Bh bis icsopujcgsbhd of bgs whj sgth ofh oa tbhjhst korporith rhshirkb piphrsBow

to Do Korporith Zhshirkb Ofcgfh.Eitthri routgfhcy jrhims fhws storghsijout korporith krgeh, korporith

powhr ifd gts koftroc.Bh gs icso iktgvhgf tbh Jusgfhss Htbgks Fhtwormif

uejrhcci `roup oa korporith kiepig`f-hrsifd gs whcc mfowf gf tbh joirdrooe oa eilor X.[. korporitgofs.Eitthri bid tbgs to siy ijout tbh pujcgk

gei`h tbit cir`h korporitgofs ittheptto sbow>2 gssuh oa Chìc Tgehs

ifd bid tbgs to siy> ifd :>>9, proppgf` up gts stokmprgkh ifd gfacitgf` rhshrvhs jy $8>>egccgof. Zhgfsurifkh pocgkghs irhjikmups purkbishd jy gfsurifkh koe-

pifghs to koepchthcy or pirtcy gfsurhtbh rgsm tbhy bivh issuehd aor tbhgrkustoehrs.Ph irh bhivgcy gfvocvhd gf

kgvgc cgtgìtgof irgsgf` out oa wrof`do-gf` jy IG@, @hfhric Zh, ifd otbhrrhcithd koepifghs ifd shvhric gfdgvgdu-ics. G prhdgkt wh bivhft bhird tbh cistoa IG@s projches.

[ourkh< Gfsurifkh Lourfic

[BIZHBOCDHZ[[XHEHZZGCCOQHZ^ZOÔ[HDJIFMOAIEHZGKIDHIC

[birhbocdhrs bivh agchd i kgvgc ciwsugtiìgfst Ehrrgcc Cyfkb Kbgha HxhkutgvhLobf Tbigf ifd tbh koepifys joird oa

dgrhktors ovhr tbh juyout jy Jifm oaIehrgki Korp. Tbh ciwsugt, agchd gf iFhw Worm [tith kourt of jhbica oa isgf`ch sbirhbocdhr ifd i kciss oa

gfvhstors, sigd tbh proposhd $8> jgccgofsich wis wrof`, ufaigr ifd bireauc toEhrrgcc pujcgk stokmbocdhrs. Tbhciwsugt dhskrgjhd tbh wohs oa tbh suj-

prgeh eortì`h krgsgs ifd sigd Ehrrgccsitthept to egtgìth gts cosshs bid aigchd.Tbh sugt kofthfds tbit Ehrrgccs pujcgk

stokmbocdhrs bivh jhhf ifd wgcc kof-tgfuh to jh dhfghd tbh aigr prokhss ifdires chf`tb fhòtgithd thres to wbgkbtbhy irh hftgtchd gf i sich oa tbhgrkoepify. G doujt shrgouscy tbit top

aocms it Ehrrgcc dgskcoshd icc tbhy mfhw.Tbh ciwsugt wgcc jh typgkic oa wbit cotsoa korporitgofs eiy whcc jh aikgf` gftbh koegf` eoftbs.

[ourkh< Zhuthrs

^ZOJHGFTO@OCDEIFIFDAGDHCGTWJWTBHFHPWOZMITTOZFHW@HFHZIC

Cof` jhaorh our fitgofs hkofoegkwohs jhkieh tbh fhws oa tbh diy,TbhFhw Worm Ittorfhy @hfhrics oaagkh bidjhhf gfvhstgìtgf` wbhtbhr jromhrs it

Agdhcgty Gfvhstehfts whrh `gvhf gfkhf-tgvhs jy @ocdeif [ikbs @roup Gfk. toshcc iuktgof-rith shkurgtghs to gfvhstors.Gfvhstgìtors irh hxiegfgf` ga Agdhcgty

9: www.JhischyIcchf.koe


13/52

pgtkbhd iuktgof-rith shkurgtghs tbitwhrh ufdhrwrgtthf jy @ocdeif [ikbs

jhkiush gt rhkhgvhd otbhr shrvgkhs aroetbh gfvhstehft jifm.Is you mfow aroeprhvgous rhports, Ittorfhy @hfhricIfdrhw Kuoeo gs chidgf` if gfvhstgì-

tgof gfto bow eilor Picc [trhht gfvhst-ehft jifms ifd seicchr agfifkgickoepifghs pgtkbhd iuktgof-rith shkurg-

tghs to kustoehrs.Tbh shkurgtghs whrheirmhthd is jhgf` is siah is kisb uftgctbh eirmht arozh up iegd tbh krhdgtkrgsgs, kiusgf` gfvhstors to cosh trhehf-dous sues oa eofhy.

Ittorfhy @hfhric Kuoeo, chidgf` tbhgfvhstgìtgof of jhbica oa stith ifdahdhric iutborgtghs, bis rhikbhd shttch-ehfts wgtb gfvhstehft jifms to juy

jikm eorh tbif $8> jgccgof wortb oaiuktgof-rith shkurgtghs aroe hg`bt`cojic jifms.@ocdeif [ikbs i rhhd to

juy jikm ijout $9.8 jgccgof gf shkurg-tghs stgcc bhcd jy prgvith kcghfts tbitwhrh purkbishd tbrou`b tbh agrejhaorh Ahjruiry 99tb ifd icso i`rhhd topiy i $::.8 egccgof agfh.Tbh iuktgof-

rith shkurgtghs eirmht gfvocvhd gfvhstorsjuygf` ifd shccgf` gfstruehfts tbitrhshejchd korporith dhjt, jut tbhgfthrhst riths of tbh gfvhstehfts whrh

rhsht it rhùcir iuktgofs, soeh is arh-quhftcy is ofkh i whhm.Tbh eirmht aortbhe koccipshd gf Ahjruiry iegd tbh

dowfturf gf tbh jroidhr krhdgteirmhts.Zhùcitors bivh jhhf gfvhstg-ìtgf` tbh koccipsh to dhthregfh wbowis rhspofsgjch aor gts dhegsh ifdwbhtbhr jifms mfowgf`cy egsrhprh-

shfthd tbh siahty oa tbh shkurgtghswbhf shccgf` tbhe to gfvhstors.


X.[. KOXZTZHQGQH[KI[H[I@IGF[THFZOFHRHKXTGQH[

I rucgf` gf tbh ahdhric ipphics kourtgf Fhw Orchifs rhvgvhd Thxis stithkourt ariud kishs tir`htgf` HfrofKorps aorehr chidhrs ifd eorh tbif idozhf agfifkgic gfstgtutgofs ikkushd oa

pciygf` i roch gf tbh koepifys koc-cipsh. Tbh rucgf` jy tbh Agatb KgrkugtKourt oa Ipphics, wbgkb rhvhrshs ifhircghr ahdhric kourt dhkgsgof, iccows

kishs to prokhhd iìgfst gfdgvgduicsifd gfstgtutgofs wbo bivh fot yht

rhikbhd i shttchehft. Gf cith :>>9, tbhBoustof ciw agre oa Achegf` & Issokg-

iths agchd shvhf shkurgtghs-rhcithd ciw-sugts gf Thxis stith kourts of jhbica oashvhric bufdrhd kcghfts iìgfst virgousHfrof-rhcithd Dhahfdifts.Tbh ahdhric

kourt, wbgkb icrhidy bid lurgsdgktgofovhr virgous Hfrof-rhcithd kishs, tbhfgssuhd if ordhr probgjgtgf` tbh ciw

agre aroe agcgf` ify fhw Hfrof-rhcithdiktgofs wgtbout chivh oa tbh kourt. Gf:>>8, chivh to agch ciwsugts iìgfstHfrof-rhcithd Dhahfdifts aor ariud gfThxis kourts wis dhfghd jy tbh ahdhric

kourt. Xfdhr tbh ipphics kourt rucgf ,tbh kishs kif fow prokhhd gf tbhcowhr kourt.

[ourkh< Zhuthrs

QGG.

KIEÎG@F

AGFIFKH ZHAOZE

ICIJIEI@HT[AIGCGF@@ZIDHOFKIEÎG@FAGFIFKHDG[KCO[XZH

Icijiei bis rhkhgvhd ifotbhr aigcgf``ridh gf if iffuic study oa stiths kie-pig`f agfifkh dgskcosurh ciws.Tbh fhw

@ridgf` [tith Dgskcosurh rhport siysIcijieis `ridh oa A bis jhhf

ufkbif`hd sgfkh tbh iffuic rhportsjhìf gf :>>;. Icijiei rifms 47tb

ieof` tbh stiths.Tbh rhport foths tbittbh [hkrhtiry oa [tiths oaagkh bis eidhgeprovhehfts gf tbh stith Phj sgth tbitsbows kifdgdiths kiepig`f agfifkh

rhports,jut tbhrh gs stgcc fo shirkbijchofcgfh ditijish oa koftrgjutgofs.Tbhiffuic rhport gs prhpirhd jy tbh Kie-pig`f Dgskcosurh rolhkt,wbgkb gs i koc-

cijoritgof oa tbh Kicgaorfgi QothrAoufditgof, tbh Khfthr aor @ovhrfehf-

tic [tudghs ifd tbh XKCI [kbooc oa Ciw.Ph bivh i cof` wiy to ò gf Icijiei

wbhf gt koehs to up`ridgf` our kie-pig`f agfifkgf` ifd hchktgof ciws `hf-hriccy. Dogf` so sboucd jh i top prgorgtyaor tbh :>>7 shssgof oa tbh Icijiei

Ch`gsciturh.


FHHD[AOZFHRTWHIZ

Tbh ahdhric jigcout gfvocvgf` Korpo-rith Iehrgki sboucd rhsuct gf kiepig`fagfifkh rhaore timgf` khfthr sti`h of

tbh fitgofic skhfh fhxt yhir.I jg-pirtg-sif haaort gf Kof`rhsswgtb tbhjikmgf` oa tbh fhw ^rhsgdhftwgcc jhfhhdhd to kbif`h tbh wiy Pisbgf`tof

ophriths.

QGGG.

KOF@ZH[[GOFIC

X^DITH

KOF@ZH[[Î[[H[JGCC PGTB^ZOTHKTGOF[AOZDG[IJCHD

Kof`rhss bis `gvhf agfic ipprovic to

i eilor kgvgc rg`bts jgcc,hxpifdgf` pro-thktgofs aor phopch wgtb dgsijgcgtghs ifdovhrturfgf` shvhric rhkhft [uprheh

Kourt dhkgsgofs.Tbh jgcc òhs to ^rhsg-dhft Jusb aor bgs sg`fiturh.Tbh PbgthBoush sigd Er. Jusb woucd sg`f tbhjgcc.Tbh jgcc hxpifds tbh dhagfgtgof oa

dgsijgcgty ifd eimhs gt hisghr aorwormhrs to provh dgskrgegfitgof. Gthxpcgkgtcy rhlhkts tbh strgkt stifdirdsushd jy tbh [uprheh Kourt to dhthr-

egfh wbo gs dgsijchd.Tbh jgcc dhkcirhs

tbit tbh Kourt whft wrof` jy hcgeg-fitgf` prothktgof aor eify gfdgvgduicswboe Kof`rhss gfthfdhd to prothkt

ufdhr tbh 977> ciw. Zhprhshftitgvh[thfy B. Boyhr oa Eirycifd, tbh BoushDheokritgk chidhr, ojshrvhd< Tbh[uprheh Kourt egskofstruhd our

gfthft. Our gfthft wis to jh gfkcusgvh.[hfitor Toe Birmgf, Dheokrit oa

Gowi, tbh kbgha spofsor oa tbh jgcc, sigd:-822-9>>>. Ga you support tbgsgeportift jgcc, koftikt your [hfitorsifd ism tbhe to voth aor phopch ifd

fot Korporith Iehrgki of tbgs jidcy-fhhdhd ch`gscitgof.

[ourkh>0 ôftgik @1, :>>1 Kbryschr ;>>,

:>>0 Toyoti Kiery, :>>0 Qocmswi`hfLhtti, :>>1 Bofdi Zgd`hcgfh ifd :>>1Byufdig [ofiti, wbgkb whrh thsthd oftbh Lordif Zoccovhr [ysthe (LZ[), i

dhvgkh dhsg`fhd to dyfiegkiccy thst tbhroccovhr okkupift prothktgof phraore-ifkh oa eotor vhbgkchs. Tbh vhbgkchs,

wbgkb whrh dofithd jy [tith AireGfsurifkh, irh tbh sieh ofhs tbit phr-aorehd whcc gf FBT[Is stitgk thst.Tbh study ufdhrskorhs tbh fhhd aorFBT[I to idopt i sgegcir dyfiegk thst

aor pisshf`hr vhbgkchs ifd cg`bt trukms,ritbhr tbif tbh kurrhft stitgk ehtbodoa thstgf`,wbgkb thsts tbh strhf`tb oa istitgofiry, uprg`bt vhbgkchs rooa jut

dgsrhìrds wbit bipphfs to pisshf`hrsdurgf` i roccovhr, is whcc is i roccgf`vhbgkchs ijgcgty to wgtbstifd krisb

aorkhs. ûjcgk Kgtgzhf ^rhsgdhft LoifKciyjroom sigd,2>>

roccovhr dhitbs iffuiccy. Gt bis

rhaushd to ush dyfiegk thstgf` aor

i koeprhbhfsgvh stifdird to sivh

tbousifds oa cgvhs ifd rhdukh

bhid gflury ifd hlhktgof. Tbh

Kof`rhss, tbh fhxt idegfgstri-tgof, ifd/or tbh kourts wgcc jh

ismhd jy kofsuehrs to rg`bt tbgs

wrof`.

Gfsthid oa idoptgf` i dyfiegk thst,FBT[I bis proposhd i scg`bt up`ridhaor tbh 9709 stifdird aor vhbgkch rooas

tbit rhcghs sochcy of ehisurgf` tbhijgcgty oa tbh rooa to rhsgst :.8 tgehs tbhvhbgkchs whg`bt gfsthid oa tbh kurrhft

9.8 tgehs. FBT[I, wbgkb wis skbhd-uchd to rhchish gts agfic ruch jy Oktojhr

9st, gs koftgfugf` to hfdif hr cgvhs ifddogf` cgttch to rhdukh tbh eorh tbif9>,2>> dhitbs i yhir gf roccovhrkrisbhs, ikkordgf` to Kcirhfkh Dgtcow,

dgrhktor oa tbh Khfthr aor Iuto [iahty.Bh ojshrvhd>8 bg`bwiy jgcc, Kof rhssdheifdhd tbit FBT[I wrgth fhw phr-aoreifkh stifdirds tbit woucd rhdukh

pisshf`hr hlhktgofs ifd gfkrhish rooastrhf`tb. Tbh ch gscitgof icso kchircykicchd aor thstgf` jotb sgdhs oa tbhvhbgkch rooa. [tudghs sbow tbit tbh

gfgtgic gepikt oa i roccovhr kif jrhimtbh wgfdsbghcd, wbgkb kif sujstiftgiccywhimhf tbh otbhr sgdh oa tbh rooa,`rhitcy gfkrhisgf` tbh kbifkh gt wgcc

kruepch ifd gflurh tbh okkupifts.FBT[Is agfic ruch sboucd timh gftoikkouft fot ofcy rooa strhf`tb,jut tbhphraoreifkh oa siahty jhcts,kurtigf igr

ji`s, door cokms ifd citkbhs,wgfdowsifd rooa rikms. Doficd Arghdeif,aoufdhr oa tbh Khfthr aor GfluryZhshirkb, siys tbit tbh i`hfky eust

dhvhcop i dyfiegk thst tbit egegks ifiktuic roccovhr ifd timhs gfto ikkouftpisshf`hr hlhktgof ifd koftigfehft.Arghdeif, i pirtfhr gf Rprts,CCK,i Kic-

gaorfgi kofsuctgf` agre, ojshrvhd> iffuic roccovhr dhitbs,

ur`hs stith kourts to prh-hept kof-

suehr gflury ciwsugts gfvocvgf`

vhbgkchs ehhtgf` tbgs do-fotbgf`stifdird. Gt rhvhics tbit FBT[I gs

eorh kofkhrfhd wgtb prothktgf`

iuto koepifghs tbif tbh aiegcghs

wbo fhhdchsscy cosh covhd ofhs

hikb diy.

Bophauccy, tbh fhxt ^rhsgdhft ifd tbhfhxt Kof`rhss wgcc timh i kcosh coom it

FBT[I ifd bow gt ophriths. Tbhrheust jh ehifgfàuc kbif`hs tbit wgcceifdith tbit tbh i`hfky trucy eimhsiahty gts top prgorgty.

[ourkh>;, jut FBT[I

mhpt gt shkrht gf vgocitgof oa tbh ciw.ûjcgk Kgtgzhf wis gfstruehftic gf

pusbgf` Kof`rhss gf tbh :>>> Trifs-portitgof Zhkicc Hfbifkhehft,Ikkouft-ijgcgty, ifd Dokuehftitgof Ikt, (orTZHID Ikt) to rhqugrh rhportgf` oa

hircy wirfgf` diti iathr FBT[I aigchdto gdhftgay tbh dhahkts gf tbh Agrhstofhtgrh / Aord Hxpcorhr roccovhrs.

Pbgch gts i sthp gf tbh rg`bt dgrhk-

tgof, FBT[Is iktgof ahcc sbort oa koe-pcygf` wgtb tbh spgrgt oa tbh ciw. Tbh

i`hfkys shirkbijch ditijish gs birdcyushr-arghfdcy. Aurtbhreorh,FBT[I bis

dhkgdhd to wgtbbocd krgtgkic gfaorei-tgof, sukb is tbh fuejhr oa kofsuehrkoepcigfts to tbh eifuaikturhr, tbhfuejhr oa aghcd rhports timhf jy

koepify hf`gfhhrs ifd tbh fuejhr oakciges gfvocvgf` dhitb ifd gflury.FBT[I bis kcissgaghd tbit gfaoreitgofis kofagdhftgic ufdhr prhssurh aroe tbh

eifuaikturhrs. Loif Kciyjroom, ^rhsg-dhft oa ûjcgk Kgtgzhf bid tbgs to siy,FBT[I wgcceimh kbif`hs to gts hxgstgf` aroft ifdsgdh krisb ritgf` pro`ries.Tbh kurrhftaroftic krisb thst pro`rie gfvocvhs i ;8

epb gepikt gfto i aroftic jirrghr.Tbhup`ridh to tbh aroft krisb ritgf`pro`rie wgcc gfvocvh updithd thstdueeghs ifd fhw issokgithd gflury

isshssehft krgthrgi. Aor sgdh gepiktthsts, FBT[I wgcc updith tbh thst togfkcudh sgdh gepikt thst dueeghs ifdfhw gflury krgthrgi tbit irh ushd to

issg`f i vhbgkch sgdh gepikt stir ritgf`.Aurtbhr, aor tbh sgdh gepikt thsts,vhbg-kchs wgcc jh hvicuithd jishd upof ipoch gepikt thst ifd seicc aheich krisb

thst dueeghs.^hrbips tbh eost sg`fgagkift updith

to tbh pro`rie gfvocvhs i fhw krgth-rgof tbit wgcc rith vhbgkchs of tbh prhs-

hfkh oa shchkt idvifkhd thkbfoco`ghssukb is hchktrofgk stijgcgty koftroc(H[K), aorwird koccgsgof wirfgf` (AKP)ifd cifh dhpirturh wirfgf` (CDP). Gts

òod to shh tbit FBT[I wgcc provgdhgfaoreitgof kofkhrfgf` idvifkhdsiahty thkbfoco`y to kofsuehrs. Gf ourkishs, wh koftgfuh to shh eifuaiktur-

hrs wbo oaahr siahty is if optgof.Idvifkhd siahty optgofs, sukb is H[K,irh stgcc jhgf` oaahrhd is optgofs.Tbgs



16/52

priktgkh gs stgcc prhvichft hvhf tbou`btbh eifuaikturhrs irh iwirh oa tbh suj-

stiftgic siahty jhfhagts oa H[K. Tbhshfhw FBT[I ritgf`s wgcc provgdh kof-suehrs wgtb eorh gfaoreitgof ifdbophauccy aorkh eifuaikturhrs to gepch-

ehft tbhsh idvifkhd siahty ahiturhs isstifdird hqugpehft. Gf ey opgfgof,siahty sboucd fhvhr jh kofsgdhrhd

optgofic.Agficcy, tbh fhw ritgf`s pro`rie wgcc

sht i fhw ovhricc Qhbgkch [iahty [korhtbit koejgfhs tbh stir ritgf`s aroe tbharoftic, sgdh ifd roccovhr pro ries oa

tbh agvh-stir systhe. FBT[I bis gfdg-kithd gt wgcc gfgtgith ruch kbif`hs togfkorporith tbh fhw ovhricc koejgfhdkrisb ritgf` of tbh prgkh stgkmhr oa fhw

vhbgkchs. FBT[I bis stithd tbit whjhcghvh tbit tbh koejgfhd ritgf` ifdtbh fhw sgdh gepikt skorh wgcc provgdh

kofsuehrs wgtb tbh gfaoreitgof tbhyfhhd to eimh koepiritgvh ludèhftsof fhw vhbgkchs. Kurrhft gfaoreitgofrhcitgf` to FBT[I siahty ritgf`s aorfhw vhbgkchs kif jh aoufd it

www.siahrkir.òv.

[ourkh< FBT[I

LXZWIPIZD[$2.1 EGCCGOFGF[XQZOCCOQHZ

I eif ifd bgs sof whrh iwirdhd

$2.1 egccgof iathr i post-vhrdgkt bhirgf`jy i [tithf Gscifd lud`h aor psykboco`g-kic diei`hs stheegf` aroe i krisb gfwbgkb tbhy whrh burt ifd two aiegcyehejhrs mgcchd.I lury bid rhaushd to

iwird tbosh diei`hs is i pirt oa gtsvhrdgkt. Lustgkh Loshpb L. Eicthsh sigdtbh lurors bid aigchd to kofsgdhr tbhhxtrheh heotgofic dgstrhsstbit @iry

Eothcsof ifd bgs youf`hr sof suaahrhdgf wgtfhssgf` tbh dhitbs oa tbhgr covhdofhs, wbgch hxposgf` tbheshcvhs to tbh

sieh dif`hrous kofdgtgofs gf i Aord[XQ.

Tbh eif ifd bgs sof whrh ieofàour pisshf`hrs gf i 9772 Hxpcorhrdrgvhf jy tbh eifs aitbhr, [thvhf

Eothcsof, of Lucy 9, :>>>. Tbh `roupwis rhturfgf` to [tithf Gscifd aroe iJoy [kout kiep-o-rhh gf Firrowsjur`,Fhw Worm,wbhf tbh vhbgkch ovhrturfhd

of i stith bg`bwiy.[thvhf Eothcsof,1>,i rhsphkthd [kout chidhr ifd Eirgfhr

Birjor rhsgdhft,wis mgcchd gf tbh wrhkmicof` wgtb @irys fgfh-yhir-ocd sof.

@iry Eothcsof, tbhf ;1, ifd bgs agvh-yhir-ocd sof survgvhd tbh ikkgdhft, isdgd i :9-yhir-ocd pisshf`hr.Tbh Eothc-sofs kofthfdhd tbh [XQ suddhfcy

ikkhchrithd ifd cost gts jrimhs is [thvhfEothcsof aou`bt to rhìgf koftroc. Aordeigftigfhd tbit tbh hcdhr Eothcsof

iccowhd tbh vhbgkch to drgat oaa tbh roidifd shft gt kirhhfgf` wbhf bh ovhr-koephfsithd of tbh sthhrgf` wbhhc.

Iathr i aour-whhm trgic, i lury aoufdtbit [thvhf Eothcsofs dhitb wis duh

to i dhahktgvhcy dhsg`fhd rooa-supportsysthe.Tbh hcdhr Eothcsof wis mgcchdwbhf tbh drgvhrs-sgdh rooa sbrhddhdof tbh agrst oa fhircy aour roccs, hxpos-

gf` bgs bhid.Tbh pifhc iwirdhd $1.8egccgof to [thvhf Eothcsofs wgdowifd hstith. Tbh lury, bowhvhr, aoufd

tbit Aord wis fot cgijch aor tbh dhitb oa@iry Eothcsofs ocdhr sof or aor tbhgflurghs Er. Eothcsof ifd bgs youf`hrjoy suaahrhd.

Lurors dhthregfhd tbh two joys ifd

tbh :9-yhir-ocd pisshf`hr whrh fotwhirgf` shit jhcts wbhf tbhy whrhtbrowf aroe tbh [XQs rhir shits. @iryEothcsof wis sgttgf` gf tbh aroft pis-

shf`hr shit.Tbh tbgrd rhir-shit pisshf-`hr, wbo wis fot i aiegcy ehejhr,shttchd prgor to tbh trgic wgtb Aord

Eotor Krhdgt Koepify, tbh vhbgkchowfhr ifd chssor. Aord EotorKoepify, tbh [XQ eifuaikturhr, wis ifiehd Dhahfdift.Iathr tbh trgic, jotbtbh ^cigftgaas ifd Dhahfdifts eovhd to

sht isgdh tbh vhrdgkt.Gf bgs post-vhrdgkt rucgf`, Lud h

Eicthsh iwirdhd @iry Eothcsof $;.:egccgof ifd bgs youf`hr sof $8.4

egccgof aor ehdgkgfh ifd psykbgitrgkkirh, is whcc is aor pist ifd auturh pigfifd suaahrgf`.Pbgch lurors aoufd Aordfot rhspofsgjch aor tbh youf`hr joys

pbysgkic gflurghs, tbh lud h sigd tbhpifhc aigchd to dgskhrf tbh dgaahrhfkhjhtwhhf tbosh gflurghs ifd tbh psykbo-co`gkic triuei bh (tbh joy) hfdurhd gf

wgtfhssgf` tbh dhitb oa bgs ocdhrjrotbhr ifd `rifdaitbhr. Tbh lud`hruchd tbit tbh joy wis gf tbh so-kicchdzofh oa dif`hr, wbgkb ehifs bh wis

tbrhithfhd wgtb jodgcy bire krhithdjy tbh dhahfdifts fh`cg`hfkh ifd hftg-

tchd to koephfsitgof. Gf hxpcigfgf` bgsrucgf`,tbh lud`h wroth,>>>. Ictbou`b Lud`h Eicthsh

jhcghvhd, jishd of tbh hvgdhfkh, tbhrhir pisshf`hrs whrh shit-jhcthd, bhsigd bh woucd fot ovhrturf tbh lurysagfdgf` to tbh koftriry. Kofshquhftcy,

bh woucd fot iwird diei`hs to tbhhstith oa tbh Eothcsof joy wbo wismgcchd.Tbh lud`h, ehifwbgch, rhdukhdjy $9.8 egccgof tbh totic $1.8 egccgof

iwird aor [thvhf Eothcsofs hstith ifdbgs wgdow. Aord kofthfdhd tbh ieouftwis hxkhssgvh. Lud`h Eicthsh ruchd tbhpifhc bid ovhrhstgeithd @iry Eothc-

sofs auturh pothftgic hirfgf`s ifdrhdukhd tbh iwird to tbh hstith jy$90;,>>> to $9.; egccgof. Tbh lud`hrhdukhd Ers. Eothcsofs iwird aroe $8

egccgof to $;.0 egccgof, siygf` pirt oa gtdupcgkithd tbh hstith iwird.

[ourkh< [tithf Gscifd Idvifkh

ITQ IKKGDHFT[JZGF@BHIZTJZHIMTOAIEGCGH[

Ovhr tbh pist ahw yhirs, wh bivhshhf eorh ifd eorh ikkgdhfts gfvocv-

gf` kbgcdrhf ifd ITQs.Gf aikt, tbh cossoa cgvhs is i rhsuct oa tbhsh ikkgdhftskoftgfuhs to `row.Ph bivh icso shhf

tbit pirhfts wbo bivh cost kbgcdrhf gfITQ roccovhr ikkgdhfts suaahr `rhitcy.Fo eitthr bow cof` iò tbh ikkgdhftokkurrhd, tbhsh pirhfts dhic wgtb tbh`rgha hvhry diy oa tbhgr cgvhs. Hvhry yhir

4>,>>> kbgcdrhf ifd thhfs irh shrgouscygflurhd ifd hvhf mgcchd gf ITQ roccovhrikkgdhfts gf tbh X[, ikkordgf` to Kof-khrfhd Aiegcghs aor ITQ [iahty.

Ofh woucd tbgfm tbit tbh gfdustry

91 www.JhischyIcchf.koe


17/52

mfowgf` wbit gt mfowswoucdkbif`h tbh wiy ITQs irh dhsg`fhd.

Tbhy kif icso bivh i dgrhkt gfacuhfkhof wbo gs usgf` tbh ITQs ifd bow tbhyirh jhgf` ushd.Jut,ITQ eifuaikturhrsjcieh tbh drgvhrs oa tbh ITQs aor tbh

aitic ikkgdhfts. Pbgch soeh ITQroccovhrs irh tbh rhsuct oa gfhxphrghfkhof tbh pirt oa drgvhrs, tbh rhic jcieh

cghs wgtb tbh eifuaikturhrs.Tbhrh irhsiahty ahiturhs ivigcijch aor tbh ITQs.Tbh Wieibi Zbgfo gs ofh oa tbh eostdif`hrous ITQs of tbh eirmht. Aorhxiepch, gfsticcgf` doors of tbh Zbgfo

woucdft jh kost-probgjgtgvh. Jut wbhftbh dhitbs oa kbgcdrhf irh vghwhd ofcyis stitgstgks, ritbhr tbif is gfdgvgduictri`hdghs, gts rhic hisy aor tbh gfdustry

to siy tbh hxtri kost gs fot fhkhssiry.Ojvgouscy,Wieibi bisft put doors gfgts Zbgfo dhsg`f.

Tbh gfdustry mfows tbit youf`phopch irh hxposhd to uffhkhssiry rgsmwbhf rgdgf` ITQs. Tbhsh vhbgkchs tgpovhr too hisgcy ifd cikm idhquith siahtyahiturhs.Tbh ITQ gfdustry sboucdft jh

iccowhd to `ht iwiy wgtb eifuaiktur-gf` sukb pothftgiccy dif`hrous vhbg-kchs. Tbits tbh jottoe cgfh. Tbus air,ofcy tbh kourt systheifd tbh agcgf`

oa ciwsugtsbivh bid ify sg`fgagkifthaahkt.Tbh ITQ gfdustry eust jh eidhto dhsg`f siahr vhbgkchs.Tbh aiegcghs agch

tbhgr ciwsugts, bopgf` tbit tbh kourtswgcc bocd tbh ITQ eifuaikturhrsrhspofsgjch aor krhitgf` vhbgkchs tbittgp ovhr too hisgcy, ifd tbit tbhgr ciw-sugts wgcc rhsuct gf dhsg`f kbif`hs. Ga

you wift eorh gfaoreitgof of ITQsifd roccovhrs, you kif koftikt @ribieHsdich or Kbrgs @covhr gf our agre it2>>-272-:>;4.

[ourkh< Ciwyhrs ifd [httchehfts

X-BIXC TZIGCHZ[IFDEOZHOATBH[IEH

Our agre bis sukkhssauccy bifdchdtwo wrofàuc dhitb kishs rhkhftcy

iìgfst X-Biuc. Gf hikb kish, tbh X-Biuctrigchr wis jhgf` pucchd jy i AordHxpcorhr.Icso gf hikb oa tbh kishs, tbhtrigchr jhìf to swiy ifd uctgeithcy

kiushd tbh vhbgkchs to rocc ovhr, chidgf`to tbh dhitb oa tbh drgvhrs oa tbh AordHxpcorhrs. [oof iathr wh rhsocvhd tbh

agrst wrofàuc dhitb kish iìgfst X-Biuc, tbh koepify gssuhd i fhw pocgky

prhvhftgf` ify rhftic oa gts trigchrswbhf tbh kustoehr wis drgvgf` i AordHxpcorhr. Tbh pocgky iffoufkhehftwis if itthept jy X-Biuc to jcieh tbh

gfkgdhfts of tbh gfstijgcgty oa tbh AordHxpcorhr. Pbgch tbh Aord Hxpcorhrsprophfsgty to rocc ovhr gs whcc doku-

ehfthd,X-Biuc eust sboucdhr tbh jucmoa tbh rhspofsgjgcgty.

[oof iathr X-Biucs iffoufkhehft, Gwroth gf i prhvgous gssuh oa tbgs Zhporttbit X-Biucs pocgky kbif`h wis

fotbgf` eorh tbif i pujcgkgty stuft.Tbit stithehft wis rhkhftcy kofagrehdwbhf tbh agre rhkhgvhd yht ifotbhrkish to gfvhstgìth gfvocvgf` i X-Biuc

trigchr.[gegcir to tbh prgor two kishs whsukkhssauccy rhsocvhd aor our kcghfts,tbh drgvhr oa tbgs vhbgkch cost koftroc

wbhf tbh trigchr jhìf to swiy, uctg-eithcy kiusgf` tbh vhbgkch to rocc ovhrrhsuctgf` gf tbh dhitb oa tbh drgvhr.Tbhofcy dgaahrhfkh jhtwhhf tbgs eostrhkhft okkurrhfkh ifd tbh prgor kishs

gs tbh cithst vgktge wis fot drgvgf` iAord Hxpcorhr. Bh wis drgvgf` i Fgssifîtbagfdhr.

Ga X-Biuc gs to rheigf kofsgsthft tbh

koepify wgcc soof iffoufkh i fhwpocgky oa fot rhftgf` gts trigchrs toifyofh drgvgf` i Aord Hxpcorhr or i

Fgssif îtbagfdhr.Tbh agrst iffoufkh-ehft woft prhvhft ify dhitbs of tbhfitgofs bg`bwiys,ifd i rhvgshd hxkcu-sgof cgst woft hgtbhr.Tbh typh oa [XQpuccgf` tbh trigchr gs grrhchvift. X-Biuc

trigchrs bivh kiushd eify dgaahrhfttyphs oa [XQs, trukms ifd otbhr pis-shf`hr vhbgkchs to rocc ovhr gf tbh pistifd tbhy wgcc koftgfuh to do so gf tbh

auturh. Zoccovhrs wbgch puccgf` X-Biuctrigchrs irh kiushd jy tbh prophfsgtyoa tbh trigchr to swiy gf trifsgt.[wiygf` gs kiushd jy tbh kofdgtgof oa

tbh trigchr ifd bgtkb,tbh hxgsthfkh ifdkofdgtgof oa tbh jrimgf` systhe, ifdtbh whg`bt dgstrgjutgof jhtwhhf tbhtowgf` vhbgkch ifd tbh trigchr wgtb gts

kofthfts.Is fothd gf if hircghr irtgkch, otbhr

eilor rhfthrs oa trigchrs rhqugrh tbhkustoehr to pucc tbh trigchrs ofcy wgtb

cir`hr sgx-wbhhchd vhbgkchs.Tbhsh vhbg-kchs irh cir`hr ifd bhivghr so tbhy kif

wgtbstifd tbh swiygf` oa tbh trigchr. GaX-Biuc wis trucy shrgous ijout siahty, gt

woucd aoccow tbh gfdustry.Tbgs gs fot icgmhcy eovh kofsgdhrgf` X-Biuc bis ieofopocy of tbgs eirmht ifd woucd jhaorkhd to aorahgt bg`b proagts. X-Biuc

koucd prhvhft tbhsh gfkgdhfts jy eigf-tigfgf` gts achht oa trigchrs, gfkcudgfèimgf` surh tbhgr rhsphktgvh jrimgf`

systhes irh gf òod wormgf` kofdgtgof.Gf ofh oa tbh prgor kishs wh bifdchd,

tbh trigchrs jrimhs whrh gf fhhd oaeigfthfifkh. Iddgtgoficcy, tbh trigchrbid fot jhhf gfsphkthd ifd rhpigrhd

of X-Biucs owf skbhduch. Gfsthid oaeimgf` pocgky kbif`hs tbit do fotiaahkt siahty, X-Biuc sboucd aokus ofeimgf` kbif`hs tbit iktuiccy cgegt

swiygf . Xftgc X-Biuc timhs sthps toup`ridh gts achht oa trigchrs wgtb jhtthrjrimgf` systhes ifd dhvgkhs dhsg`fhd

to cgegt or hcgegfith swiygf`,drgvhrs oavhbgkchs towgf` X-Biuc trigchrs ifdtbosh vhbgkchs of tbh gfthrstith gf kcoshproxgegty to tbhe irh gf hxtrhehdif`hr. G wgcc mhhp you updithd of tbh

pro`rhss oa tbh cithst kish iìgfst X-Biuc. Ga you wift eorh gfaoreitgof ofX-Biuc cgtgìtgof koftikt MhfdiccDufsof or Koch ôrtgs gf our agre it

2>>-272-:>;4.

R.EI[[ TOZT[

X^DITH

QGORRKCIGEIFT[JH@GFTOZHKHGQHÎWEHFT[

Ipproxgeithcy 42,>>> kcigeiftsbivh fow hfrocchd gf tbh Qgoxx [httch-ehft ^ro`rie. Of Lucy 90, :>>2,duh to

tbh ovhrwbhcegf`cy posgtgvh rhspofsh

jy Qgoxx kcigeifts, Ehrkm & Ko., tbheimhr oa Qgoxx, iffoufkhd tbit iccHfroccehft tbrhsbocds bid jhhf eht

ifd tbit gt gs wigvgf` gts Picm IwiyZg`bt ufdhr tbh [httchehft I`rhhehft,haahktgvh Iuùst 9, :>>2.Is i rhsuct ifdgf ikkordifkh wgtb tbh thres oa tbh

I`rhhehft, tbh Hfroccehft DhidcgfhDith to pirtgkgpith gf tbh Zhsocutgof^ro`rie bis fow jhhf hxthfdhd toOktojhr ;>, :>>2.



18/52

Kurrhftcy, tbh Kciges Idegfgstritor gsiktgvhcy rhvghwgf` kcigeifts ehdgkic

ifd pbireiky rhkords (kciges pikm-i`hs) to dhthregfh wbgkb kcigesquicgay aor koephfsitgof ufdhr tbh [ht-tchehft ^ro`rie.Tbh dhidcgfh aor suj-

egttgf` kciges pikmi`hs wis Lucy 9,:>>2.Pgtb tbh jugct-gf hxthfsgofs out-cgfhd gf Hxbgjgt 9.8 oa tbh [httchehft

I`rhhehft,kcigeifts bivh uftgc Fovhe-jhr ;>,:>>2,it tbh cithst,to sujegt iddg-tgofic ehdgkic ifd pbireiky rhkords.Tbh Kciges Idegfgstritor gs gssugf`Fotgkhs oa Hcg`gjgcgty to icc kcigeifts

wbo quicgay aor koephfsitgof ufdhr tbh[httchehft ^ro rie. Ikkordgf` to tbh[httchehft I`rhhehft, i kcige quicgaghsaor koephfsitgof ga

Qgoxx pgccs whrh dgsphfshd to tbhkcigeift wgtbgf ify 1>-diy phrgodprgor to tbh gflury=ifd

Tbh kcigeifts ehdgkic or pbireikyrhkords hstijcgsb tbit Qgoxx wisjhgf` ushd jy tbh kcigeift wgtbgf 94

diys oa tbh gflury.

Tbh Kciges Idegfgstritor gs icsogssugf` Fotgkhs oa Gfhcg`gjgcgty tokcigeifts wbhf tbh kcigeifts ehdgkicifd pbireiky rhkords do fot ehht tbh

krgthrgi outcgfhd ijovh. Aoccowgf` tbhrhkhgpt oa i Fotgkh oa Gfhcg`gjgcgty,kcigeifts eiy kboosh to iccow tbhgrkcige to jh hxtgfùgsbhd aoccowgf` if

ipphic prokhss, or tbhy eiy hchkt torhturf to tbh kourt systhe ifd iktgvhcycgtgìth tbhgr owf kciges.

Aor tbosh kciges tbh Kciges Idegfgs-

tritor dhhes to jh hcg`gjch, tbh KcigesIdegfgstritor wgcc tbhf gssuh Fotgkhs oaôgfts Iwirds.I Fotgkh oa ôgfts Iwirdprovgdhs i dhtigchd rhport oa bow tbh

Kciges Idegfgstritor hvicuithd i kcige,gfkcudgf` i rhport oa tbh chvhc oa gflury,ovhricc duritgof oa dru` ush, cijhcidlustehfts, kofsgsthfky idlustehfts,

ifd rgsm aiktor rhduktgofs.Tbh KcigesIdegfgstritors hvicuitgof oa tbh kishwbhtbhr aor hcg`gjgcgty or pogfts gs

jishd upof tbh Idegfgstritors ojlhk-tgvh rhvghw oa tbh kcigeifts ehdgkic

ifd pbireiky rhkords.Of Iuùst :2tb, tbh Kciges Idegfgs-

tritor jhìf gssugf` gfthrge shttchehftpiyehfts to hcg`gjch kcigeifts gf bhirt

ittikm kishs. Tbh totic ieouft oaeofhy hikb kcigeift rhkhgvhs gf isso-kgitgof wgtb i kcige gs dhthregfhd jy

euctgpcygf` tbh fuejhr oa pogftsiwirdhd jy tbh doccir vicuh oa hikbpogft. Tbou`b tbh agfic pogft vicuhswgcc fot jh dhthregfhd uftgc icc Qgoxxkciges irh hvicuithd, tbh kurrhft hstg-

eith oa i pogft vicuh aor bhirt ittikmkishs gs ipproxgeithcy $9798 phrpogft. Gfthrge shttchehft piyehftskofstgtuth 4>% oa tbh ovhricc koephf-

sitgof tbit tbh kcigeift wgcc rhkhgvh.Agfic shttchehft piyehfts wgcc jh eidhto bhirt ittikm kcigeifts iathr icc bhirt

ittikm kciges bivh jhhf hvicuithd.Gfthrge piyehfts to quicgaygf` bhirt

ittikm kcigeifts irh fow jhgf` eidhof i roccgf` jisgs.Tbh Kciges Idegfgs-tritor wgcc koftgfuh to gssuh gfthrge,

pirtgic shttchehft kbhkms of i eoftbcyjisgs uftgc icc bhirt ittikm kciges irhhvicuithd.Ipproxgeithcy ;>,>>> bhirtittikm kciges bivh jhhf hfrocchd gfto

tbh ^ro`rie. Gt gs iftgkgpithd tbit iccbhirt ittikm kciges wgcc jh hvicuithdifd,ga quicgaygf ,pigd jy egd-:>>7.

Tbh Kciges Idegfgstritor gs icso hvic-uitgf` kishs gf wbgkb tbh prgeirygflury gs i stromh. Gfthrge piyehfts oa4>% oa tbh totic hstgeithd kish vicuhirh skbhduchd to jh`gf gf stromh kishs

gf Ahjruiry :>>7 ifd wgcc koftgfuh ofi roccgf` jisgs. Agfic shttchehft piy-ehfts wgcc jh eidh to stromh kcigeiftsiathr icc koephfsijch stromh kciges

bivh jhhf hvicuithd. Ipproxgeithcy92,>>> stromh kishs bivh jhhf hfrocchdgf tbh Qgoxx [httchehft ^ro`rie. Gt gsiftgkgpithd tbit icc stromh kciges wgcc jh

rhvghwhd ifd pigd, ga koephfsijch,jytbh hfd oa :>>7.Ga you woucd cgmh eorhgfaoreitgof koftikt Chg`b ODhcc orZo`hr [egtb it 2>>-272-:>;4.

KOXZTZHGF[TITH[EHZKMQGORR[BIZHBOCDHZCIP[XGT

^bireikhutgkic koepify Ehrkm &Ko. eust fow aikh i sbirhbocdhrs

ciwsugt ovhr gts aorehr jcokmjusthrpigfmgcchr Qgoxx.I ahdhric ipphics kourt

rhgfstithd tbh ciwsugt wbgkb bid jhhfdgsegsshd jy i cowhr kourt. I tbrhh-lud`h pifhc aroe tbh Tbgrd KgrkugtKourt oa Ipphics vothd :-9 to rhgfstith i

kciss iktgof shkurgtghs ciwsugt tbit bidjhhf dgsegsshd gf Iprgc :>>0 jy X.[.Dgstrgkt Lud`h [tifchy Z. Kbhschr gf

Fhwirm,Fhw Lhrshy.Tbh rucgf` wgcc `gvhtbousifds,phrbips thfs oa tbousifds,oa ^cigftgaas if opportufgty to agficcybivh i kourt bhir tbhgr kciges tbitEhrkm kofkhichd tbh rgsms oa Qgoxx.

Lud`h Kbhschr bid dgsegsshd tbhciwsugt, agchd gf Fovhejhr :>>;, rucgf`tbit icc tbh cigftgaas kciges whrh tgeh-jirrhd ufdhr tbh stituth oa cgegtitgof.

Gfvhstors bid kbir`hd Ehrkm wgtb pro-vgdgf` egschidgf` gfaoreitgof or oegt-tgf` gfaoreitgof ijout tbh rgsms

gfvocvhd wgtb Qgoxx. Gf tbh rucgf`, twoipphccith lud`hs kofkcudhd tbh ^cigf-tgaas agchd sugt wgtbgf tbh chìc tgeh cgegtto do so jhkiush iegd hircy sg`fs oatroujch wgtb Qgoxx, Ehrkm wis stgcc

rhissurgf` gfvhstors ijout tbh siahty oaQgoxx ifd agfifkgic ificysts whrh pro-lhktgf` rowtb gf sichs.

Xfchss Ehrkm gs ijch to `ht tbh aucc

Kourt oa Ipphics or tbh X.[. [uprhehKourt to rhvghw tbh dgvgdhd dhkgsgof tokbif`h tbh rhsuct, tbgs kish woucd

rhturf to Lud`h Kbhschr. Ciwyhrs ofhikb sgdh wgcc tbhf jh`gf trgic prhpiri-tgof. Tbgs rhsuct bis fo haahkt of tbh$4.28 jgccgof shttchehft tbit woucd hfdrou`bcy 8>,>>> phrsofic gflury ciwsugts

aroe Qgoxx ushrs or tbhgr survgvors.Tbit gs if hftgrhcy dgaahrhft eitthr.

[ourkh< Aorjhs

ADI GFQH[TG@ITH[Ô[[GJCHQWTOZGF-KIFKHZCGFM

X.[. dru` rhùcitors irh gfvhstgìtgf`wbhtbhr tbh kbochsthroc-cowhrgf` dru`Qytorgf eg`bt jh cgfmhd to kifkhr.TbhX.[. Aood ifd Dru` Idegfgstritgofgfaorehd bhictb-kirh proahssgofics tbit

tbh i`hfky wis gfvhstgìtgf` i rhportaroe tbh so-kicchd [gevistitgf ifd Hzh-tgegjh gf Iortgk [thfosgs ([HI[) trgic oai possgjch issokgitgof jhtwhhf tbh ush

oa Qytorgf ifd if gfkrhishd rgsm oa ivirghty oa kifkhrs.Qytorgf gs i koejgfi-

92 www.JhischyIcchf.koe


19/52

tgof dru` eidh up oa tbh koepoufdssgevistitgf ifd hzhtgegjh tbits

dhsg`fhd to rhdukh chvhcs oa CDC (jid)kbochsthroc ifd kut tbh rgsm oa kirdgo-viskucir projches.Gt worms jy dhkrhis-gf` tbh produktgof oa kbochsthroc jy

tbh cgvhr ifd gfbgjgtgf` tbh ijsorptgofoa kbochsthroc gf tbh gfthstgfh.

Tbh ADI bis ojtigfhd prhcgegfiry

rhsucts aroe tbh [HI[ trgic. Tbh trgicthsthd wbhtbhr cowhrgf` CDC-kbochs-throc wgtb Qytorgf woucd rhdukh tbhrgsm oa kirdgoviskucir projches gfphopch wgtb firrowgf` oa tbh iorti, tbh

jodys cir`hst irthry.Tbh agvh-yhir trgicdgd fot sbow i rhdukhd kirdgoviskucirrgsm.Jut,ikkordgf` to tbh ADI, i cir`hrphrkhfti`h oa pitghfts trhithd wgtb

Qytorgf whrh dgi`foshd wgtb ifd dghdaroe icc typhs oa kifkhr koejgfhd,wbhf koepirhd to trhitehft wgtb i

pcikhjo. Tbh ADI siys pitghfts kifkoftgfuh to timh tbh dru`. Jut tbhi`hfky ur`hd bhictb-kirh proahssgoficsto eofgtor tbhgr pitghfts aor possgjchsgdh haahkts ifd rhport tbhe to tbh

i`hfky.Pbgch ofh rhkhft kcgfgkic trgicgfdgkithd bg`bhr riths oa kifkhr aorpitghfts timgf` tbh dru`, tbh ADI sigdtwo studghs kurrhftcy ufdhr wiy bivh

sbowf fo gfkrhishd rgsm, ikkordgf` toif Issokgithd ^rhss rhport.

Tbh ADI sigd gt hxphkts to rhkhgvh i

agfic study aroe tbh [HI[ trgic gf ijouttbrhh eoftbs. Gt wgcc tbhf timh if hstg-eithd sgx eoftbs to rhvghw ifd hvicu-ith tbh trgic diti.Qytorgf gs eidh jy tbhdru` koepifghs Ehrkm ifd [kbhrgf`-

^cou`b bireikhutgkics. Gts i koejgfi-tgof oa Ehrkms \okor (sgevistitgf), istitgf, ifd [kbhrgf -^cou`bs \htgi. Irhport hircghr tbgs yhir aoufd tbh dru`

aigchd to rhdukh tbh jugcdup oa pciùhgf irthrghs ify jhtthr tbif tbh `hfhrgkdru` \okor. [hvhric ehejhrs oa Kof-`rhss bivh dheifdhd diti of tbh trgic.G

ufdhrstifd tbit Ehrkm ifd [kbhrgf`-^cou`b irh koophritgf` wgtb tbhrhquhsts.Jut tbh koepifghs dhahfdhdtbh dru`, siygf` gt gs haahktgvh it rhduk-

gf` kbochsthroctbh ush aor wbgkb gtwis ipprovhdjut tbit dohsftiddrhss tbh kifkhr rgsm gssuh.

[ourkh< BhictbDiy

CGCCWIFDIEWCGFEIWBIQHTOIDDJWHTTI PIZFGF@[IATHZFHPDHITB[

Hcg Cgccy & Ko. ifd Ieycgf bireikhu-

tgkics Gfk. eiy bivh to idd tou`bhrwirfgf`s to prhskrgjgf` gfstruktgofsaor tbhgr dgijhths dru` Jyhtti iathr aoureorh pitghfts timgf` tbh ehdgkgfh dghd

aroe pifkrhitgtgs. Tbh cithst dhitbs

jrgf` tbh totic to sgx.Tbh X.[. Aood ifdDru` Idegfgstritgof bid iffoufkhdtwo dhitbs hircghr. Bowhvhr,fo dhagfgth

rhcitgofsbgp jhtwhhf Jyhtti ifd tbhiddgtgofic dhitbs bis jhhf provhd.

Jyhtti, ivigcijch gf tbh X.[. sgfkh Lufh:>>8, gs Ieycgfs chidgf` produkt,wgtb

`cojic sichs tbit rosh :8% gf tbh shkofdquirthr to $974.0 egccgof aroe i yhirhircghr. Cgccy ifd Ieycgf i`rhhd to wirfoa tbh rgsm oa pifkrhitgtgs gf Oktojhr,

iathr ;> egcdhr kishs whrh rhporthd.Kurrhftcy, tbh koepifghs irh ticmgf`wgtb tbh ADI ijout tbh possgjgcgty oaiddgtgofic wirfgf`s.

Tbh ADI koucd rhqugrh tbh koepi-fghs to dgspciy strof hr, so-kicchd jcikm-jox wirfgf`s. Tbh koepifghs fhxtvhrsgof oa tbh dru`, Jyhtti CIZ, gs

dhsg`fhd to jh timhf whhmcy gfsthid oatbh stifdird gflhktgofs `gvhf twgkhdigcy. Jhkiush tbh dru` stiys gf tbhjody cof`hr ifd kift jh fhutricgzhd ga

pifkrhitgtgs dhvhcops, tbh ADI eiybivh kofkhrfs wbhf gt kofsgdhrs gt aor

ipprovic.

[ourkh< Jcooejhr` Fhws

EIFW^ZODXKT[KOFTIGFTBHKBHEGKICJ I

Ph bivh prhvgouscy wrgtthf ijout

Jgspbhfoc I, or J I, i kbhegkic ushd gfkofsuehr òods. JÎ wis tbh sujlhktoa i ahdhric siahty bhirgf` of [hpthe-jhr 91tb wbhrh fhw prhcgegfiry

rhshirkb su``hsthd gt eg`bt jh cgfmhdto i bg`bhr rgsm oa bhirt dgshish ifd dgi-jhths.Is you mfow, JÎ gs ushd gf cg`bt-whg`bt, durijch pcistgks. ^rodukts

gfkcudh soeh jijy jottchs, sgppy kupsifd rhusijch aood ifd drgfm koftigf-hrs, sukb is sports withr jottchs ifdTupphrwirh, koepikt dgsks,DQDs,hyh-

`ciss chfshs ifd sports siahty ò``chsifd bhcehts.

[oeh eifuaikturhrs irh pbisgf` out

ush oa JÎ gf soeh produkts ifd Tup-phrwirhs Phj sgth siys gt dohs fot ush

JÎ gf kbgcdrhfs produkts socd gf tbhXfgthd [tiths ifd Kifidi.JÎ gs icso gfhpoxy rhsgfs ushd to eimh pigfts,idbh-sgvhs ifd kiffhd aood cgfhrs. Ifgeic

studghs bivh cgfmhd JÎ wgtb jrhist,prostith ifd rhproduktgvh systhe ijfor-eicgtghs ifd soeh kifkhrs, jut hxphrts

dgsi`rhh of wbhtbhr gt poshs bhictbrgsms aor bueifs. @ovhrfehft toxgkoc-o`y skghftgsts siy tbit to rhdukh hxpo-surh, phopch kif ivogd fof-rhkykcijchpcistgk koftigfhrs tbit bivh tbh fuejhr

0 of tbh jottoe=ivogd usgf` tbhsh pcis-tgks gf tbh egkrowivh, ifd doft wisbtbhe gf tbh dgsbwisbhr wgtb birsbdhthr`hfts.Tbh ADI, wbgkb ippirhftcy

dohsft rhko`fgzh i bhictb or siahtygssuh, koftgfuhs to dhahfd J I ifd G khr-tigfcy boph gt gs of socgd `roufd.


CGCCW\W^ZHRI@ZOX^JXWHZ[PGFKCI[[IKTGOF[TITX[

I ahdhric lud`h gf Jroomcyf, FhwWorm,ruchd rhkhftcy tbit phfsgof aufds,cijor ufgofs ifd gfsurifkh koepifghstbit jou`bt Hcg Cgccy & Kos \yprhxi

dru` koucd suh is i `roup ifd whrhhftgtchd to i lury trgic oa kciges tbhehdgkgfh wis ovhrprgkhd.Is wh bivh

rhporthd,\yprhxi gs ipprovhd to trhitskbgzopbrhfgi ifd jgpocir dgsordhr.Tbh^cigftgaas kcige Cgccy ur`hd doktors toprhskrgjh \yprhxi aor ushs fotipprovhd jy tbh ADI.Tbh gfstgtutgofic

juyhrs, wbo sou`bt $1.2 jgccgof gfdiei`hs, kcige Cgccy ovhrprgkhd tbhdru` jy eimgf` hxkhssgvh kciges ijout\yprhxis ushaucfhss, vgocitgf` tbh

Zikmhthhr-Gfacuhfkhd ifd KorruptOrìfgzitgofs Ikt, or ZGKO.Tbh lud`haoufd suaagkghft hvgdhfkh oa ariud jy

Cgccy gf shccgf` tbh dru` to lustgay i lurytrgic.Tbh lud`h khrtgaghd tbh kish is ikciss iktgof of tbh ZGKO kciges aor icc^cigftgaas hxkhpt gfdgvgduic pitghftswbo jou`bt tbh dru`, rhlhktgf` Cgccy

irùehfts tbit tbh phfsgof aufds,ufgofs ifd gfsurifkh koepifghs bidkciges too dgaahrhft to jh trghdto`htbhr.Tbhsh ^cigftgaas, icc tbgrd-pirty

piyors, jou`bt tbh dru` aor ehejhrsor kustoehrs.



20/52

Tbh kourt bis cgegthd tbh kcige aordiei`hs to aour yhirs, aroe Lufh :>,

:>>9 uftgc Lufh :>, :>>8 wbhf tbh sugtwis agchd. Tbh tbgrd-pirty piyorsgfkcudh< tbh Xfgthd Ahdhritgof oa Thikb-hrs Phcairh Aufd, or XAKP (i ^bgcidhc-

pbgi-jishd aufd rhprhshftgf` :>,>>>aood ifd koeehrkgic wormhrs), EgdPhst Cgah Gfsurifkh, ifd tbh [hr`hift

Jhfhvochft Issokgitgof Bhictb ifdPhcairh Aufd,wbgkb rhprhshfts kurrhftifd rhtgrhd Fhw Worm Kgty ôcgkh shr-`hifts ifd tbhgr aiegcghs;;,>>>phopch.Tbh lud`h dhfghd kciss iktgof

stitus to gfdgvgduics wgtb kcigesjhkiush bh aoufd tbhgr proposhdchidhrs kift prophrcy rhprhshft tbhproposhd kciss.

Tbgs kish wgcc jh witkbhd kcoshcy aoraurtbhr dhvhcopehfts. [gfkh tbh ^cigf-tgaas stith ciw kciges whrhft khrtgaghd

aor kciss stitus, ifd kciges jy gfdgvgduicpiyors whrhft gfkcudhd, tbh kourtsdhkgsgof gs sigd to jh i pirtgic wgf aorjotb sgdhs.

[ourkh< Jcooejhr` Fhws

ADI ZHLHKT[ZHKOEEHFDITGOFJWIDQG[OZWÎFHCOFX[HOADOZGJIR

Tbh Aood ifd Dru` Idegfgstritgofbis dhkcgfhd to ipprovh if hxpifdhdush oa Dorgjix, i Lobfsof & Lobfsof

iftgjgotgk, dhspgth if idvgsory pifhcsaivorijch rhkoeehfditgof. Tbit wistbh tbgrd tgeh gf i eoftb aor tbh ADIto rhaush to aoccow tbh ùgdifkh oa gtsoutsgdh hxphrts.Tbh ADI sigd gt fhhdhd

eorh gfaoreitgof aroe L&L jhaorh gtkoucd ipprovh Dorgjix to trhit bospg-tic-ikqugrhd pfhueofgi. Tbh dru` gskurrhftcy ipprovhd aor ush gf shrgous

kishs oa ijdoegfic ifd urgfiry-triktgfahktgofs.

Ictbou`b tbh ADI gsft ojcgìthd to

aoccow if idvgsory koeegtthhs rhkoe-ehfditgofs, gt usuiccy bis dofh so gftbh pist. Gf hircy Iuùst, bowhvhr, itrhfd stirthd wbhf tbh ADI dhkgdhd torhlhkt [kbhrgf`-^cou`b Korp.s [uìe-

eidhx, i dru` tbit bhcps pitghftsrhkovhr aroe ifhstbhsgi, hvhf tbou`btbh pifhc dhkgdhd ufifgeouscy toipprovh gt.I whhm cithr, tbh i`hfky sigd

gt fhhdhd tbrhh eorh eoftbs jhaorh gtwoucd dhkgdh wbhtbhr to ipprovh

Xsthmgfueij, i L&L jgoco`gk dru` aortrhitgf` psorgisgs, iìgf dhspgth ifotbhr

pifhcs ufifgeous voth aor ipprovic.Fow wh shh i tbgrd rhlhktgof wgtbDorgjix.

Bophauccy, tbhsh dhkgsgofs irh i sg`f

oa tbh ADIs gfkrhisgf` kiutgof is whccis gts bhg`bthfhd itthftgof to siahty.Tbh i`hfky ipphirs to jh timgf` eorh

tgeh ifd ismgf` aor eorh diti jhaorh gteimhs dhkgsgofs. Gf tbh kichfdir yhir:>>0, tbh ADI ipprovhd tbh ahwhstfuejhr oa fhw dru`s97gf eorhtbif two dhkidhs,ifd ordhrhd fhw or

hfbifkhd jcikm-jox wirfgf`stbheost shrgous typhaor ijout 08 dru`s,doujch tbh fuejhr aroe aour yhirsiò. Gf tbh kish oa Dorgjix, tbh idvg-

sory pifhcs dhkgsgof wis egxhd.Ehejhrs vothd 0-1 tbit tbh dru` wishaagkikgous ifd jy 2-8 tbit gt wis siah.

[hvhric oa tbh ehejhrs quhstgofhddhsg`f isphkts oa tbh study ushd to thsttbh dru`. Gfthrhstgf`cy, L&L sigd gt wisrhvghwgf` tbh i`hfkys chtthrifd sigdgt woucd worm to rhsocvh ify outstifd-

gf` quhstgofs. Zhìrdchss oa wbitbipphfs of Dorgjix, gts hxtrhehcyhfkouri`gf` to shh tbh ADI dogf` gtsloj gf i eiffhr tbit eimhs siahty oa

dru`s i vhry bg`b prgorgty.

[ourkh< Picc [trhht Lourfic

RG.

JX[GFH[[

CGTG@ITGOF

AZIXDKCIGE[^ZOKHHDI@IGF[TJZG[TOC-EWHZ[HRHKXTGQH

I Eifbittif ahdhric lud`h bis ruchd

tbit tbh X.[. [uprheh Kourts rhkhftrucgf` gf [tofhrgd`h Gfvhstehft îrt-

fhrs v. [kghftgagk-Itcifti Gfk., dohsftsbghcd i Jrgstoc-Eyhrs [qugjj Ko.hxhku-

tgvh aroe shkurgtghs ariud kciges. Tbhhxhkutgvh eidh fo pujcgk stithehfts,jut bgs jhbivgor wis khftric to tbhkoepifys icch`hd egskofdukt. Jrgstoc-

Eyhrs sbirhbocdhrs irh sugf` tbhkoepify ifd two oa gts top hxhkutgvhsaor icch`hdcy egschidgf` tbhe ijoutpithft cgtg itgof iìgfst Ipothx, i

eifuaikturhr oa i `hfhrgk vhrsgof oa

Jrgstoc-Eyhrs jhst-shccgf` ^civgx jcood-tbgffgf` dru`.Ikkordgf` to sbirhbocd-

hrs, tbh koepify jirìgfhd iwiy eukboa gts rg`bt to shhm diei`hs aor pithftgfargf`hehft to strgmh i cgkhfsgf` dhicwgtb Ipothx tbit wis sujshquhftcy

rhlhkthd jy rhùcitors.Tbh koepify icch`hdcy kofkhichd

tbh hxthft to wbgkb gt bid biestruf`

gts cgtgìtgof optgofs ifd pujcgkcy stithdgt woucd vgòrouscy pursuh pithft cgtg-ìtgof iìgfst Ipothx.Ifdrhw Jodfir,Jrgstoc-Eyhrs aorehr shfgor vgkh prhsg-dhft aor strith`y, kirrghd out tbh shttch-

ehft fhòtgitgofs wgtb Ipothx, juteidh fo pujcgk stithehfts ijouttbhe.Tbh [tofhrgd`h dhkgsgof cgegthdcgijgcgty aor shkurgtghs ariud jy iktors

wbo whrh too rheotharoe gfvhstors.Jut tbh dgstrgkt lud`h rhlhkthd tbitirùehft stitgf` www.JhischyIcchf.koe


21/52

dgstrgjuth isshts ufdhr kourt suphrvg-sgof gf ordhr to piy tbh kciges oa

phrsofs gfsurhd ifd owhd eofhy jyIejissidor.

If ikkouftgf` eicpriktgkh ciwsugt,agchd gf 9728 jy tbh Qhreoft gfsurifkh

koeegssgofhrs iìgfst ^rgkhPithr-boushKoophrs, kbir`hd Iejissidorsoutsgdh ikkouftifts wgtb fh`cg`hfkh gf

koffhktgof wgtb iudgts oa Iejis-sidors agfifkgic stithehfts tbit shrvhdto kofkhic aroe rhùcitors tbh gfsur-ifkh koepifys agfifkgic whimfhss ifdfhir gfsocvhfky.I trgic gf ahdhric kourt

gf Fhwirm, Fhw Lhrshy, rhsucthd gf ilury vhrdgkt iìgfst ^rgkhPithrboushK-oophrs ifd tbh hstith oa Irfocd Kbigt,Iejissidors aorehr prhsgdhft.

Tbh X.[. Kourt oa Ipphics aor tbhTbgrd Kgrkugt upbhcd tbh :>>8 vhrdgktifd ^rgkhPithrboushKoophrs ojcgì-

tgof to piy icc oa tbh rhsuctift diei`hs,ifd kofagrehd ludèhft aor tbh aucc$92:.7 egccgof.îuchtth L.Tbijiuct,koe-egssgofhr oa tbh Qhreoft Dhpirtehftoa Jifmgf`, Gfsurifkh, [hkurgtghs ifd

Bhictb Kirh Idegfgstritgof sigd sbhkofsgdhrs tbh outkoeh ifotbhr sukkhssaor stith-jishd rhùcitgof oa gfsurifkhkoepifghs,fotgf` tbit Iejissidor poc-

gkybocdhrs ifd kcigeifts wgcc agficcybivh tbh opportufgty to rhkhgvh tbhgfsurifkh prokhhds tbhy whrh duh

ufdhr Iejissidor gfsurifkh pocgkghs isi rhsuct oa tbhsh prokhhdgf s. Koeegs-sgofhr Tbijiuct bid tbgs to siyEGCCGOFIPIZDTO$97 EGCCGOF

Tbh geport oa tbh two words

gfhqugtijch kofduktirh whcc-mfowf

to pithft owfhrs. Tbhsh words wgcckost Ehdtrofgk fhircy $90> egccgof gf

diei`hs tbit tbh ehdgkic dhvgkhkoepify wof hircghr tbgs yhir gf ifgfargf`hehft trgic iìgfst Jostof [kghf-tgagk. Lud`h T. Lobf Pird aoufd tbit i

mhy Ehdtrofgk pithft i`hft, Liehs Krgt-thfdhf,wgtbbhcd rhchvift gfaoreitgofaroe tbh X.[. îthft ifd Tridheirm

Oaagkh (^TO) wbhf Ehdtrofgk sou`bttwo pithfts of kitbhthrs tbit koucddhcgvhr dru`-koithd sthfts to kirdgikpitghfts. Ieof` tbh oegtthd eithrgicwis gfaoreitgof of Ehdtrofgks owf

prgor gfvhftgofs.Krgtthfdhf, wbo gs fot i ciwyhr, sua-

ahrhd i shgzurh gf 9777 ifd kcigehddurgf` sworf thstgeofy tbit bh bis

eheory projches is i rhsuct.I lury gfg-tgiccy iwirdhd Ehdtrofgk $:8> egccgofiathr agfdgf` tbit Jostof [kghftgagk

gfargf`hd tbrhh sthft-rhcithd pithfts.Pbgch Jostof [kghftgagk bis fow jhhfijch to rhdukh tbit iwird dowf to $97egccgof, tbh koepify stgcc pcifs toipphic tbh lurys agfdgf` oa gfargf`h-

ehft. Ehdtrofgk pcifs to ipphic Lud`hPirds rucgf` of tbh diei`hs gssuh.Jostof [kghftgagk irùhd tbit tbh gfaor-eitgof Krgtthfdhf wgtbbhcd wis fot

rhchvift, ifd tbit bh dgd fot gfthftgof-iccy dhkhgvh tbh ^TO. Jut Lud`h Pirddgsi`rhhd,stitgf` gf bgs ordhr tbitegccgof, gs icrhidy jhgf` kbicchf`hd gfahdhric kourt gf Dhciwirh. Icc oa tbgs

koehs iegd gfkrhisgf` doujts ijouttbh haahktgvhfhss oa sthfts,ikkordgf` totbh P[L Bhictb Jco`. Icso, i rhkhftstudy aoufd sur`hry wormhd jhtthr

tbif sthfts aor pitghfts wgtb hsphkgiccydif`hrous irthry jcokmi`hs.

[ourkh< Tbh Iehrgkif Ciwyhr

XFGTHDZHFTIC[[HTTCH[TBZHHKCI[[IKTGOF[XGT[

Xfgthd Zhftics Gfk., tbh cir`hst X.[.

kofstruktgof-hqugpehft rhftic koepify,bis shttchd tbrhh kciss iktgof ciwsugtsaor $:0.8 egccgof.Tbh koepifys gfsur-ifkh kirrghrs wgcc piy soeh shttchehft

ifd dhahfsh kosts.Tbh ciwsugts whrh

agchd aoccowgf` if ikkouftgf` projh jytbh [hkurgtghs ifd Hxkbif`h Koeegs-sgof iffoufkhd gf :>>4.Tbit gfvhstgì-

tgof gs stgcc ofògf` ifd Xfgthd Zhfticssiys gt wgcc hfthr shttchehft ticms wgtbtbh [HK.Tbosh gfvocvhd gf tbh ciwsugtsirh gfvhstors wbo jou`bt Xfgthd

Zhftics shkurgtghs aroe Ahjruiry :2,:>>9,to Iuùst ;>, :>>4.

[ourkh< Tbh[tir.koe

RGG.GF[XZIFKH IFD

AGFIFKH X^DITH

ZH[ÔFDGF@TOTBHIJX[HOAHCDHZCWGFQH[TOZ[

Liy Iu`bteif, i ciwyhr gf our agrewbosh sphkgicty dhics wgtb gfsurifkhifd agfifkgic cgtgìtgof, wroth if irtgkchrhkhftcy dhicgf` wgtb iffugtghs.Bh bis

kofdhfshd gt aor tbgs gssuh oa tbhZhport. Ga you woucd cgmh to bivh ikopy oa tbh koepchth irtgkch, wbgkbipphirhd gf tbh Aicc :>>2 gssuh oa tbh

Iehrgkif Jir Issokgitgof Cgah Gfsur-ifkh Ciw Koeegtthh Fhwschtthr, cht Liymfow.Tbgs gs tbh kofdhfshd vhrsgof ifd

ocdhr eimh up 98% oa tbh X.[.

popucitgof, jut tbhy ikkouft aor

ijout ;>% oa ariud vgktges.Tbhrh

irh eify rhisofs aor tbgs stitgs-

tgk, hsphkgiccy is gt rhciths to

iffugtghs.Agrst, iffugtghs, jy tbhgr

vhry fiturh, irh koepchx. [hkofd,

eify shfgors, jhkiush oa tbhgr

i`h, oathf bivh dgegfgsbhd kipik-

gty to ufdhrstifd koepchx gfvhst-

ehft trifsiktgofs. Eify icsobivh i bhg`bthfhd ahir oa outcgv-

gf` tbhgr isshts.Iathr i cgahtgeh oa

sivgf` eofhy to rhtgrh, shfgors

birjor shrgous kofkhrfs ijout

rgsmy gfvhstehfts ifd worry

ijout jhgf` i jurdhf to tbhgr

aiegcghs or chat icofh gf i fursgf`

boeh. Is sukb, shfgors wbo eiy

bivh fo rhic aiegcgirgty wgtb

agfifkgic pciffgf` kif jh hisy

prhy aor ufskrupucous gfsurifkh

koepifghs ifd irh cucchd gfto iaicsh shfsh oa shkurgty jy tbhgr

sichs i`hfts. Xfaortufithcy, eost

shfgors do fot dgskovhr tbh ariud

uftgc gt gs too cith.

Ofh kbiffhc oa iffugty sichs tbit

bis jhkoeh qugth koeeof gs tbh

ush oa koeehrkgic jifms is gfdh-

phfdhft dgstrgjutgof kbiffhcs.

Jifms bivh jhkoeh ofh oa tbh

chidgf` eirmhthrs oa dhahrrhd

iffugtghs, wbgkb irh ofcy rhù-

cithd jy stith gfsurifkh dhpirt-

ehfts. Jhkiush ify jifm

hepcoyhh, coif oaagkhr, or kus-

toehr shrvgkh rhprhshftitgvh kif

ojtigf i stith gfsurifkh cgkhfsh

jy pissgf` tbh stith-rhqugrhd

hxiegfitgof, gfsurifkh koepi-

fghs ikross tbh kouftry bivhfhòtgithd koftrikts wgtb eify

oa tbh cir`hr ifd egdsgzhd koe-

ehrkgic jifms aor shccgf` tbhsh

produkts. Jifms bivh i kiptgvh

kcghfthch aor wbgkb tbhy kif

eofgtor ikkouft jicifkhs, khrtgag-

kiths oa dhposgt rhfhwics, ifd

otbhr aores oa kisb trifsiktgofs.

[ukb kustoehrs kif jh hisy prhy

aor arghfdcyjifmhrs.

Koeehrkgic jifms bivh jhkoeh

eorh i``rhssgvh gf proiktgvhcy

shhmgf` out tbhgr owf kustoehrs

aor dhahrrhd iffugty sichs. Oathf,

jifm hepcoyhhs shccgf` iffugtghs

bivh fot rhkhgvhd sg`fgagkift

trigfgf` aroe tbh gfsurifkh

koepify ufdhrwrgtgf` tbh

produkt. Kofsuehrs sboucd jh

kiutgous gf purkbisgf` is koepcg-

kithd i produkt is if iffugty

aroe ifyofh wbo gs fot ducy

quicgaghd ifd trigfhd gf icc

isphkts oa tbh gfstruehft.

[oeh gfsurhrs bivh jhhf suhd

rhìrdgf` tbh jofus ahiturh eir-

mhtgf` gf soeh dhahrrhd iffugty

produkts. IG@, Cgfkocf Fitgofic,

ifd Lobf Bifkokm whrh icc

fiehd is dhahfdifts gf shpirith

ciwsugts gf virgous lurgsdgktgofs

aor ariuduchftcy rhprhshftgf` agrst-

yhir jofus produkts is ùirif-

thhgf` tbh jofus phreifhftcy gf

tbh koftrikt. Tbh kciges gf tboshkishs icso icch`h tbh gfsurhrs bid

jrhikbhd tbh iffugty koftrikts jy

tbh aikt tbhy aigchd to dgskcosh tbit

tbhy rhkipturh tbh agrst-yhir jofus

tbrou`b shkrht ahhs or kbir`hs ifd

gfthrhst rith sprhids gf yhirs two

tbrou`b sgx oa tbh koftrikt.

Gfsurifkh koepifghs irh iwirh

tbit dhkhptgvh eirmhtgf` ifd

sichs priktgkhs to gfdukh shfgors

to purkbish ufsugtijch dhahrrhd

iffugtghs irh jhgf` hepcoyhd jy

fuehrous sichs i`hfts tbrou`b-

out tbh fitgof. Gfdhhd, eify oa

tbh eost powhrauc gfsurifkh koe-

pifghs iktuiccy spofsor or

provgdh aufdgf` aor trigfgf` she-

gfirs tbit hxpcgkgtcy thikb sichs

i`hfts bow to tir`ht shfgors. Gftbhsh shegfirs tbh i`hfts irh

tiu`bt to dgskovhr ga tbh shfgors

bivh isshts tbit kif jh ushd to

purkbish if iffugty produkt ifd

bow to kofvgfkh tbh shfgor to pur-

kbish if iffugty. ^hrbips eost

thccgf`, bowhvhr, gs tbit tbhsh koe-

pifghs hfkouri`h i`hfts to shcc

ufsugtijch iffugtghs to shfgors jy

oaahrgf` hforeous sichs gfkhf-

tgvhs, koeegssgofs, ifd otbhr pro-

eotgofs to eigftigf or gfkrhisheirmht sbirh aroe tbh sich oa

dhahrrhd iffugtghs.

Eost gfsurifkh koepifghs koe-

pchthcy g`forh stitutory rhqugrh-

ehfts tbit i`hfts eust provgdh

dokuehftitgof tbit tbhy bivh

rhvghwhd ifd vhrgaghd tbh sugtijgc-

gty oa tbhgr dhahrrhd iffugty prod-

ukts aor tbh shfgors wbo

purkbishd tbh produkt. Ifd duh

dgcg`hfkh jy tbh i`hft to prhvhft

egschidgf` or gfkoepchth sichsprhshftitgofs gs ijshft.

Cgtgìtgof kofkhrfgf` iffugtghs kof-tgfuhs to `row gf tbh Xfgthd [tiths.Tbh

gssuhs ifd rhcithd kiushs oa iktgof kof-khrfgf` iffugty gfvhstehfts wgcc kof-tgfuh is cof` is gfsurifkh koepifghsifd tbhgr i`hfts tir`ht sokghtys eost

vucfhrijch kgtgzhfs. Ga you wift eorhgfaoreitgof rhcitgf` to iffugtghs cgtgì-tgof koftikt Liy Iu`bteif it 2>>-272-

:>;4 or jy heigc it Liy.Iu`bteifNJhischyIcchf.koe.

[TITHAIZEOZDHZHDTOZHAXFD$9:>EGCCGOFGFACOZGDI

Tbh [tith oa Acorgdi bis ordhrhd [tith

Aire Acorgdi to gssuh rhaufds toticgf`$9:> egccgof doccirs

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The Jere Beasley Report, Oct. 2008

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