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The Kingdom Fungi The Kingdom Fungi
The Kingdom FungiThe Kingdom Fungi
The Kingdom Fungi
Q1. Cause disease crop damage (blights)
-------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food
Some fungi are harmfulSome fungi are harmful
Cause diseaseCause disease
Crop damage (blights)Crop damage (blights)
Illegal drugsIllegal drugs
The Kingdom Fungi
Q1. Cause disease crop damage (blights)
-------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food
Some fungi are helpfulSome fungi are helpful
leavening for breadleavening for bread
decompose organismsdecompose organisms
foodfood
medicinemedicine
The Kingdom Fungi
Q1. Cause disease crop damage (blights)
-------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food
How Fungi Differ from Plants How Fungi Differ from Plants
* Lack tissues* Lack tissues
* Lack chlorophyll* Lack chlorophyll
* Chitin instead of cellulose* Chitin instead of cellulose
The Kingdom Fungi
Q1. Cause disease crop damage (blights)
-------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food
Fungi areFungi are
* heterotrophic* heterotrophic
- - saprophyticsaprophytic
- - parasiticparasitic
The Kingdom Fungi
Q1. Cause disease crop damage (blights)
-------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food
study of fungi =study of fungi =
mycologymycology
hyphaehyphae::slender filamentsslender filaments
body of fungusbody of fungus
Septate fungusSeptate fungus::cell walls (septa) cell walls (septa) pores for cytoplasmpores for cytoplasm
Nonseptate fungiNonseptate fungi::no cell walls no cell walls multinucleatemultinucleate
Fairy RingFairy Ring
Hyphae TypesHyphae Types
1) 1) rhizoids:rhizoids:
embedded; embedded;
supports fungus;supports fungus;
digests fooddigests food
Hyphae TypesHyphae Types
2) 2) Aerial hyphae:Aerial hyphae:
not embedded;not embedded;
absorb oxygen;absorb oxygen;
produce spores;produce spores;
spread fungusspread fungus
Hyphae TypesHyphae Types
3) 3) stolons:stolons:
produce new filamentsproduce new filaments
Hyphae TypesHyphae Types
4) 4) haustoriahaustoria::
enter host cellsenter host cells
Hyphae TypesHyphae Types
5) 5) myceliamycelia::
mass of hyphaemass of hyphae
fungi are placed into phylafungi are placed into phyla
based onbased on
Method of Sexual ReproductionMethod of Sexual Reproduction
Phylum ZygomycotaPhylum Zygomycota
Hyphae fuse to form zygoteHyphae fuse to form zygote
Phylum ZygomycotaPhylum Zygomycota
Ex: black bread moldEx: black bread mold
Ex: downy mildewEx: downy mildew
Phylum AscomycotaPhylum Ascomycota
““Sac fungi”Sac fungi”
Form Form ascosporesascospores inside a sac called an inside a sac called an
ascusascus
Phylum AscomycotaPhylum Ascomycota
““Sac fungi”Sac fungi”
Form Form ascosporesascospores inside a sac called an inside a sac called an
ascusascus
Ex: penicillumEx: penicillum Ex: yeast Ex: yeast
Phylum BasidiomycotaPhylum Basidiomycota
““Club fungi”Club fungi”
Form Form basidiosporesbasidiospores inside a club-shaped inside a club-shaped
cellcell
called an called an basidiumbasidium
Phylum BasidiomycotaPhylum Basidiomycota
““Club fungi”Club fungi”
Ex: smut puff ball shelf fungiEx: smut puff ball shelf fungi
Doctor Website on Fungus
http://perridermatology.com/blog/category/fungus
The Kingdom Fungi
Q1. Cause disease crop damage (blights)
-------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food
LinksLinks
Mushroom growing link
Fungal varieties
Mycology Life
Smashing a Giant Puffball
Killer Fungi
lichenslichens:: fungus & algae living togetherfungus & algae living together
Type of Type of symbiosissymbiosis: living together: living together
MutualismMutualism: mutually benefits both. : mutually benefits both.
Fungus provides support & protection.Fungus provides support & protection.
Algae or cyanobacteria provide sugars.Algae or cyanobacteria provide sugars.
lichenslichens
Hardy, pioneersHardy, pioneers
Ex: reindeer moss = food source Ex: reindeer moss = food source
3 basic types of 3 basic types of lichenslichens
1)1) crustosecrustose: like flat smears of dried paint: like flat smears of dried paint
2)2) foliosefoliose: leaflike: leaflike
3)3) fruticosefruticose: shrubby with fruiting bodies: shrubby with fruiting bodies
MycorrhizaeMycorrhizae::
Fungus & plants living together.Fungus & plants living together.
Fungi provide increased absorption.Fungi provide increased absorption.
Plants provide sugars.Plants provide sugars.
Fun Facts about Fungi
It is estimated that there are over a MILLION species of FUNGI
but only about 10% have been officially described in the scientific literature.
Fun Facts about Fungi
Fermentation by the yeast fungus is used in the leavening of bread
and other baked products.
Fun Facts about Fungi
Fungi truffles are delicacies that cost $1,000 – 2,000 a pound
and have a strong earthy taste.
Fun Facts about Fungi
As agents of PLANT DISEASE, FUNGI cause annual crop losses in excess of
THREE BILLION dollars in North America.
Fun Facts about Fungi
EIGHTY-FIVE BILLION tons of carbon is returned annually to the atmosphere as
carbon dioxide by decay of cellulose.Most of this is by fungi.
Fun Facts about Fungi
Each forest tree has hundreds of thousands of kilometres
of mycorrhizal fungi hyphae supplying it with water and inorganic salts.
Fun Facts about Fungi
All the citric acid used in soft drinks, candies, artificial lemon juice, baked goods etc.
is produced industrially by fungus fermentation.
Fun Facts about Fungi
The blue mold, Penicillium, is used in the ripening process to prepare speciality cheeses.
Fun Facts about Fungi
Yeast fungus is used in thefermentation processes that result in the
production of beers, wines and spirits.
Fun Facts about Fungi
The first antibiotic PENICILLIN, and many others,are made by fungi.
Fun Facts about Fungi
Bioremediationis the use of fungus and bacteria
to remove pollution.
Fun Facts about Fungi
The anti-rejection drug CYCLOSPORINE,produced by a fungus,
is in large part responsible for the current success in organ transplants.
Q12Q12
Draw & label a mushroom.Draw & label a mushroom.
cap
gills
stipe
basido-carp
Info for LabInfo for Lab
Zygomycota zygospore picturesZygomycota zygospore pictures
Zygomycota and strawberriesZygomycota and strawberries
