The Language Of The Language Of MedicineMedicine

Dr. Michael P. GillespieDr. Michael P. Gillespie

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Name the layers of the skin and the accessory structures associated with the skin.

Build medical words using the combining forms that are related to the specialty of dermatology.

Identify lesions, signs, and symptoms, and pathologic conditions that relate to the skin.

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Describe laboratory tests and clinical procedures that pertain to the skin and recognize relevant abbreviations.

Apply your new knowledge to understanding medical terms in their proper contexts, such as medical reports and records.

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Skin: integumentary system weighs 8 to10 lbs. covers 22 sq. ft. in average adult

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Provides protective membrane

Skin glands lubricate and cool

the skin

Receptor for sensations

Helps maintain body temperature

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Produces sweat: sweat glands produce watery secretion that evaporates and cools

Produces sebum: sebaceous glands produce oily secretion that lubricates skin and hair

Receives sensation: pain, temperature, pressure, and touch

Thermoregulates: interprets message from heat center in the brain

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Epidermis: outermost, thin cellular membrane

Dermis: next layer; dense fibrous, connective tissue

Subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis): thick, fat-containing tissue

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HAIR: cells filled with the hard protein;

keratin Hair follicles: shafts that hold the hair

Five million hairs on body; 100,000 on head

Melanocytes at the root form the color

Grow .5 inch (1.3 cm) per month Cutting does not affect growth

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NAILS: hard keratin plates covering toes and fingers lunula cuticle paronychium

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GLANDS: sebaceous and sweat Sebaceous glands secrete oily sebum into hair follicle to lubricate.

Sweat glands secrete into pores to moisten and cool.

Both are subject to bacterial growth.

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Sebaceous gland, eccrine sweat gland, and apocrine sweat gland.

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COMBINING FORMS

adip/o fatalbin/o whitecaus/o burn, burningcauter/o heat, burncutane/o skinderm/o/ skin

Combining FormCombining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

dermat/o skin diaphor/o profuse sweating

erythem/o redness erythemat/oredness hidr/o sweat ichthy/o scaly, dry

Combining FormCombining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

kerat/o hard, horny tissue

leuk/o white lip/o fat melan/o black myc/o fungus onych/o nail

Combining FormCombining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

phyt/o plant pil/o hair, hair follicle

py/o pus rhythid/o wrinkle seb/o sebum squam/o scalelike

Combining FormCombining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

steat/o fattrich/o hairungu/o nailxanth/o yellowxer/o dry

Combining FormCombining Form MeaningMeaning

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1. Which combining form refers to white?

A. chlor/oB. jaund/oC. melan/oD. albin/o

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2.2. Which combining form refers to Which combining form refers to the same color as jaund/o?the same color as jaund/o?

A.A. xanth/oxanth/o

B.B. chlor/ochlor/o

C.C. erythr/oerythr/o

D.D. cyan/ocyan/o

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Label the lesions

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Review the lesions

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Alopecia: absence of hair where it normally grows

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Ecchymosis: blue-black marks on the skin

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Petechia: small pinpoint hemorrhage

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Urticaria: acute allergic reaction with red, round wheals on skin

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Acne: papular and pustular eruption of skin with increased production of sebum

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Burns: injury to tissue due to heat, chemical, electric shock, lightning or radiation. Image shows (A) Second degree burn and (B) Third degree burn.

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Cellulitis: diffuse acute infection of skin

Eczema: inflammation of skin with erythematous and papulovesicular lesions caused by allergy

Exanthematous viral diseases: rash due to virus (for example, rubella)

Gangrene: death of tissue with loss of blood supply

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Impetigo: contagious pyoderma caused by staph or strep

Psoriasis: chronic recurrent dermatosis with silver gray scales that itch

Scabies: parasitic (tiny mites) and infectious pruritus

Scleroderma: chronic and progressive disease of skin with hardening of connective tissue

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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs

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Tinea corporis Tinea unguium

Tinea: Tinea: infectioninfection of the skin caused by fungusof the skin caused by fungus

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Vitiligo

Vitiligo: Loss of pigment in areas of skin

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Callus Keloid

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Keratosis: thickened area of epidermis

Leukoplakia: white thickened patches on tongue or cheek

Nevus: pigmented lesionVerruca: warts caused by virus

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Basal cell carcinoma

Malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis

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Malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells of the epidermis.

Squamous cell carcinoma

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The ABCDs of malignant melanoma.

A. Asymmetry

B. Border, irregular or circumscribed

D. Diameter, usually larger than 6mm

C. Color variation

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Malignant, vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules.

Kaposi sarcoma

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Bacterial analyses: pus or fluidsamples examined to detectmicroorganisms

Fungal tests: scrapings for culture and

microscopic examination aftertreatment with KOH

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Cryosurgery: destroy tissue withsubzero temperatures using liquidnitrogen

Curettage: scrape lesion with sharpcuret

Electrodesiccation: destroy tissue by

burning with electric spark

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Mohs surgery: remove thin layers of growth to examine under microscope(basal and squamous cell)

Skin biopsy: punch and shave toremove for examination in path lab

Skin test: test reaction of body toallergen with skin test (scratch or patch tests)

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ABCDEasymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolution (or change) —characteristics associated with melanoma

bx biopsy Derm.dermatology DLE discoid lupus erythematosus PPD purified protein derivative PUVA psoralen-ultravoilet A light therapy SLE systemic lupus erythematosus SC subcutaneous

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COMBINING FORMS

adip/o ___________ albin/o ___________ caus/o ___________ cauter/o ___________ cutane/o ___________ derm/o ___________

Combining Form Combining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

adip/o fat albin/o white caus/o burn, burning cauter/o heat, burn cutane/o skin derm/o skin

Combining FormCombining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

dermat/o ___________ diaphor/o ___________ erythem/o ___________ erythemat/o ___________ hidr/o ___________ ichthy/o ___________

Combining Form Combining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

dermat/o skindiaphor/o profuse sweating

erythem/o rednesserythemat/o rednesshidr/o sweatichthy/o scaly, dry

Combining FormCombining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

kerat/o ___________ leuk/o ___________ lip/o ___________ melan/o ___________ myc/o ___________ onych/o ___________

Combining Form Combining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

kerat/o hard, horny tissue

leuk/o white lip/o fat melan/o black myc/o fungus onych/o nail

Combining FormCombining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

phyt/o ___________ pil/o ___________ py/o ___________ rhythid/o ___________ seb/o ___________ sabace/o ___________ squam/o ___________

Combining Form Combining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

phyt/o plant pil/o hair, hair follicle

py/o pus rhythid/o wrinkle seb/o sebum squam/o scale-like

Combining FormCombining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

steat/o ___________ trich/o ___________ ungu/o ___________ xanth/o ___________ xer/o ___________

Combining Form Combining Form MeaningMeaning

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COMBINING FORMS

steat/o fattrich/o hairungu/o nailxanth/o yellowxer/o dry

Combining FormCombining Form MeaningMeaning

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SUFFIXES

-algia ___________ -derma ___________ -esis ___________ -lysis ___________ -ose ___________

SuffixSuffix MeaningMeaning

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SUFFIXES

-algia pain -derma skin -esis condition -lysis breakdown; separation; destruction; loosening

-ose full of; pertaining to; sugar

SuffixSuffix MeaningMeaning

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SUFFIXES

-osis ___________ -ous ___________-plakia ___________-plasty ___________-rrhea ___________

SuffixSuffix MeaningMeaning

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SUFFIXES

-osis condition, usually abnormal

-ous pertaining to-plakia plaque-plasty surgical repair-rrhea flow; discharge

SuffixSuffix MeaningMeaning

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