THE LEARN CHRIST COMMENTARIES Volume LCC 1a Introduction ... · Introduction to the complete volume...

THE LEARN CHRIST COMMENTARIES

jerryvmc

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Volume LCC_1a Introduction to the complete volume 1 of 4 parts: {foundation for ASAM*} 1a. Prophets and Apostles. One volume Bible commentary 1b. Gospel in the Old Testament. Proclaimed, Established, Explained, Reinforced, and Appendix 1c. Top 12 Topics of the Bible, OT according to the NT 1d. Magic Outline of the Bible. Exegetical Subject Outline of the Bible

jerryvmc

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SunGrist_Bible online at www.biblecombibleman.com in colloboration with the LEARN CHRIST commentaries (LCC) promotes THE ASAM. * ASAM is the All Scripture Approach and method and thru the Bible in 3 years.

jerryvmc

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Prophets and Apostles, the Bible part 1

1

RAEL N HC R SI T RF OM HT E A TSOP LES AND RP O STEHPFERP A EC

hT e etnoc m pag yrarop eb t ew en tsirhC na d cruhc h rebmem s ih p s luoh d be bo v uoi s to lla . tIldrah y rettam s ihw ch cruhc h or oitanimoned n as oy u ool k at cruhc h bmem ers uora nd uoy , na d eht n kool

at eht tsirhC fo eht Bi lb e and ht e nihcaet gs of C tsirh , th re e i s lttil e ytiralimis . hT e uocsid r gnigapsa ect of ht e gap is ht at it is tteg in g la egr r each ye ra . T ah t naem s aht t it is grevid i gn ; na d if it is

,gnigrevid it is lbaviecnoc e aht t rohs tly eht ruhc c dna seh tsirhC w lli eb gniog ni etisoppo d tceri i .snoelbirroH , sey ; ub t ahw t is the rewsna . W ah t is ht e ruc e of r iht s ob uoiv s na d oires us pr lbo em ht at sah

deppirg eht w dlro fo tsirhC i ?sna

hT e ewsna r is of r cruhc h rebmem s to raeL n tsirhC . W cih h tsirhC ? hT e sirhC t orf m ehteltsopa s na d orp p teh s of ht e .elbiB

If no e sap s ga e of ht e B lbi e rew e ohc sen as a ig st or t meh e for this B lbi e mmoc e atn ry, LEA NRIRHC ST ORF M HT E TSOPA LES AND ORP P STEH , it luow d be pE h aise ns 91:2 - .22

oN“ w, erofereht , oy u are no egnol r regnarts s na d engierof rs, ub t ollef w nezitic s tiw h ht e s stniana d rebmem s of ht e hesuoh old of doG , nivah g eeb n liub t on ht e noitadnuof fo the seltsopa dnarp oph ,ste suseJ tsirhC miH s fle gnieb eht feihc renroc s ,enot in ohw m ht e wh lo e nidliub g eb i gn

ettif d got e eht r, rg ows otni a yloh t elpme ni eht ,droL ni mohw y uo a osl ra e nieb g liub t ot g rehtefor a dw le l ni g pl ca e of God in the Spi ir t. ” (Ephes nai s 2: 1 9- 22 NJ )VK

yrt i ”.gnI onk w ht e alc s is c r lpe y of r cruhc h sredael . N“ o amuh n ac n be ”tcefrep , na d “at sael t eht y era

oN , aht t is ht e tniop . hT e rebmemhcruhc s ra e on t rt y gni . They ra e niod g ahw t eht y naw t ot od . ehT y ra e not nikam g op s viti e ef trof s to be kil e Ch sir t na d to be kil e oG d w cih h is ednamed d in eht

lbiB morf e eht sopa t sel na d p hpor e st . The ircsed p oit n of ahw t is erp s ltne y pah p nine g otcruhc h rebmem s is like ht e csed r itpi on from ht e Ap ltso e uaP l in II omiT thy 4,3:4

oF“ r ht e t mi e liw l moc e ehw n eht y liw l not ne d ru e s nuo d do nirtc e , ub t drocca ing to ieht r nwo,serised ceb a esu yeht ah ev ihcti ng rae s, eht y liw l aeh p up of r meht s evle s rehcaet s, na d eht y lliw

ut rn th ie r rae s from the tr tu h. . . ” (II Ti om thy 4: 3, 4 JN K )V

2

oY u es e it is on t lo egn r a en g vita e niht g of w“ e ra e niyrt g .. . uo r raeh t is in ht e hgir t p ..ecal . ub t ew ju tsnnac ot hcaer frep e ”.noitc ,oN si taht ton !ti tI si a isop t evi ettam r of f tsri , a cal k o f narelot ce rofnuos d cruhc–enirtcod h em m reb s liw l on t il s et n to s uo nd cod t ir ne, ch cru h bmem ers liw l not go to h raenuos d enirtcod , na d ruhc ch rebmem s liw l on t tarelot e rehcaerp s na d rehcaet s hw o rp each dnuos

.enirtcod

uoY ees rroh woh i elb ht a si t sa oc m derap ot t eh sesucxe morf eht depaeh hcaet e sr fo gnihcti ea .sr

cruhC h srebmem , nidrocca g to ht e opA s lt e ‛luaP s csed r noitpi , ra e etavitom d on t by na y ffe or t to ebkil e irhC st na d na y ffe ort at rep f tce , ub t ra e itom v eta d by t eh ir wo n amuh n ed s ri es; t ah t si , gnidrocca“

to rieht own ”,serised dna “b ace u es eht y ah ve nihcti g e .sra ” In ohs rt, uhc rch me ebm rs are do ni g tahweht y naw t to do na d eht y ra e be niveil g ahw t eht y naw t to eveileb . ahW t ht ey naw t to eveileb si t sgnihaht t iw ll lkcit e ieht r srae . gnihT s aht t iw ll vig e eht m rusaelp e ekil , dobon“ y is tcefrep ” na d oy“ u era

ht e poep e of G do ”, and “at el ast oy u ra e t niyr g”. byaM e 20 or 30 years ago that was ture; but not n .wo

nA d ht e epa x o f ht e ag p in ‛luaP s csed r oitpi n is aht t eht y p li e up or aeh p t o th evlesme s srehcaet . tIis hcum l eki ub i gnidl a trid ssertrof ro ba emit nt dnuora vlesmeht es in edro r to torp ect vlesmeht es

orf m nuos d rtcod i en . hT e y ub y koob s orf m ehcaet rs aht t f eed ieht r ed s seri ; they ur n fo f srehcaetna d ehcaerp rs aht t o f nef d ieht r nihcti g rae s tiw h ht e hturt ; na d eht y lac l as ap s srot , hcaet e sr , dnada m artsini t sro esoht et“ a ”srehc ht a w t i ll et a hc ca c gnidro ot t rieh own .serised

hT e lohw e oitavitom n is to nrut wa ya morf t eh .hturt oN w, ,rehtorb taht si a tisop ive niht g. It sekata ol t of roffe t of r so ellac- d snaitsirhC“ ” to rut n wa ay orf m ht e turt h of ht e elbiB . It ekat a s ol t fo

roffe t of r cruhc h rebmem s to aec se to aeL rn Ch ir st; and in the p cal e of le nra ing C rh ist t o le ra n os menik d of ruhc ch bmem e sr hip that is b esa d on ed“ s eri s” na d cti“ h ni g e .”sra

3

LBAT E OF STNETNOCRAEL N SIRHC T ORF M HT E ELTSOPA S NA D STEHPORP

:ecaferP aeL rn irhC st orf m ht e ltsopA es na d Pr hpo et s egap 1

ahc p et r 1 : uaP l arW ps up ht e B lbi e egap 3

-1 1 ehtO r ircS p erut s to uS p op rt loC o ss i na s 1: 52 . gap e 3-1 2 Wh re e uaP l oG t iH s enirtcoD . gap e 5-1 3 The Ap ltso e eteP r delwonkca ged uaP l as a ircS p rut e W itir n g Ap eltso-1 4 roW d o f oG d rcS( i rutp es) orf m the tsopA le aP ul . gap e 7-1 5 hT e A ltsop e P lua , a oipmahc n of ipsni r oita n of s erutpirc s as on la l hto er

nirtcoD e .s gap e 86-1 S ffu e nir gs na d the M i sin try of luaP . gap e 97-1 eltsopA w lihC hti d ,ner I Ti yhtom a dn II niroC t .snaih gap e 21

ahc p et r 2 : ehT elbiB si tsirhC ap ge 51

-2 1 hT e L nivi g oG d of ht e Li niv g gap e 61 -2 2 ethgiR o sensu s of oG d na d naM . gap e 91 -2 3 The moC p iso te iW t sen s of the iB bl e gap e 12-2 4 doG , naM , na d ht e oS n of M na . gap e 52

5-2 ehT R tcerruse i no fo .suseJ gap e 92-2 6 W odsi m rf om doG . gap e 23-2 7 The oG s lep . gap e 33-2 8 iL s ninet g oM re natropmI t t ah n ecifircaS . gap e 43-2 9 W ah t aH p nep ed to the weJ s as ht e C oh se n eP o lp e of doG . gap e 531-2 0 The laS v oita n of doG . gap e 731-2 1 hT e New niK g of Is lear . gap e 831-2 2 hT e iL v ni g oG d tnaw s ehto r s to iL ve . gap e 04

ahc p et r 3 : hT e lO d eT s nemat t nidroccA g t o ht e New tseT a nem t ap ge 24

-3 1 S pet h ‛ne s niltuO e of lO d T e emats nt iH s rot y in A tc s 7. gap e 34-3 2 omA s ht e orP p teh . gap e 54-3 3 arW p u- p of otsiH ry of etS p neh . gap e 64-3 4 ivaD d to irhC st . gap e 74

4

5-3 61 ehT gnitirW ehporP t .s gap e 946-3 hT e ehporP t .haiasI gap e 05

-3 7 A rohS t seM s ga e orf m somA , leoJ , na d ht e aerG t aM ker of yrotsiH-3 8 A nomraH y of otsiH ry . gap e 85-3 9 orP p steh , A eltsop s, na d ht e pS i ir t of C tsrih . gap e 851-3 0 stcA , ht e lO d nematseT t nidrocca g to ht e eN w T tnematse , na d eht

slepsoG eht dnA P .stehpor gap e 06

etpahc r 4 wehttaM dna .suseJ ap ge 36

4- 1 Who is Jesus to His Cont me poraries ? gap e 36-4 2 hW o is eJ sus occA r nid g to buS s neuqe t iH s yrot ? gap e 66-4 3 hT e S o secru , ht e lbiB e na d ht e koob s of ht e elbiB . gap e 864-4 : tsirhC , egairraM , na d ht e hcruhC . gap e 175-4 : useJ s na d ht e edliuB r‛s of H yrotsi . gap e 176-4 : rednU s nidnat g rf om ‛reteP s F sri t eS r nom . gap e 477-4 : ohC ose eJ sus or the elpmeT . gap e 578-4 : Ju ad s eb t eyar d J use s in or ed r to vas e ih s wo n met p el . p ga e 779-4 : hT e C o renr s not e is A evil ! gap e 971-4 0 oH w ra e ht e L nivi g S enot s to yad ? gap e 08

suseJ 11-4 orP c ial m de ni eht O dl Te emats nt dna sE t lba i dehs w siH hti et a sgnihcin ht e New nemtseT t by ht e A ltsop e M ehtta w gap e 18

M 21-4 a wehtt dna sP a .sml gap e 38M 31-4 a wehtt dna eht P .stehpor gap e 48

ahc p et r 5 : nhoJ kraM dna eht eltsopA aJ m se ap ge 98

1-5 : kraM . gap e 982-5 : J ema s on kraM . gap e 19

:3-5 ehT dlO T matse e tn ni Ja .sem gap e 594-5 : T“ he iL v ni g God of the L i niv g” rf om eneG si s :1 26 rht u doxE u s :61 18 p 995-5 : M ‛kra s pA p xidne . gap e 3016-5 : hT e F sri t eS v ne . gaP e 1 407-5 : hT e ceS ond neveS . gap e 7018-5 : hT e ihT rd neveS . gap e 9019-5 : uoF rt h veS en . gap e 011 01-5 : fiF th eveS n . gap e 211

5

11-5 : txiS h neveS . gap e 211 21-5 : veS e tn h eS v ne . gap e 211

ahc p et r 6 : ehT lepsoG alpxE i den dna eR i :decrofn luaP ni swerbeH dna R ,namo dna Lu .ek

:1-6 werbeH s dna asP l .sm gap e 511 2-6 : namoR s na d asI i ha . gap e 2213-6 : useJ s is ht e F oitadnuo n notS e . gap e 4214-6 : hT e oG s ep l fnieR o decr , ekuL . gap e 721

:5-6 uL k dna e eht eltsopA reteP ‛s .seltsipE gap e 8216-6 : hT e lO d nematseT t in ‛reteP s ltsipE es na d ekuL . gap e 0317-6 : nA o eht r Co etisopm . gap e 1318-6 : Go ps el nieR f decro . gap e 231

ahc p et r 7 : stehporP dna tsopA l se ap ge 531

:1-7 tsopA ehT l se reteP and aJ m se no eht .stehporP gap e 5312-7 : A ipaR d S vru e y of ht e P r po h te s cca o nidr g to eP ter na d semaJ . gap e 731

:3-7 cilppA a .snoit gap e 4414-7 : hT e niM or orP p teh s f or m eoJ l t o ihcalaM . gap e 841

-7 5 The rP o hp e t leoJ . gap e 941 :6-7 ehT tehporP .somA gap e 051

7-7 : hT e epsoG l on hanoJ . gap e 2518-7 : hT e ehporP t haidabO . gap e 3519-7 : hT e rP ophet H so ea . gap e 45101-7 : hT e ehporP t haciM . gap e 551

-7 11: The Pr po het N muha . gap e 75121-7 : The rP o hp e t ukkabaH k . gap e 85131-7 : hT e ehporP t hainahpeZ . gap e 85141-7 : hT e rP o ehp t aH g iia . gap e 06151-7 : hT e ehporP t hairahceZ . gap e 26161-7 : hT e rP o ehp t ihcalaM . gap e 361

ahc p et r 8 : lA l ht e rP o tehp s o f ht e lO d matseT en t ap ge 561

1-8 : hT e Pr po he t eM s ais h na d hT e ROL D hT y doG . gap e 5612-8 : The rP o erg s is ve lF ow of ht e soG p le . gap e 271

6

:3-8 ehT lepsoG ot eht si swJ ht a suseJ t si rieht K !gni gap e 7714-8 : M oja r I esn rt s f or m the jaM or s on ht e soG p le . gap e 871

ahc p et r 9 : iloS d lohtooF d in ht e tehporP s na d irhC s ait n htiaF . ap ge 481

1-9 : hT e ehporP t eoJ l na d ht e ltsopA e reteP . gap e 5812-9 : A ex s to irG nd . gap e 6813-9 : aitsirhC n htiaF . gap e 8814-9 : hT e ehporP t haidabO . gap e 6915-9 : The iH s acirot l noC t xe t of aB d B ool d be eewt n ocaJ b na d E s ua . p ga e 0026-9 : In ht e atoT l xetnoC t of ht e elbiB . gap e 3027-9 : The iaF r mgduJ e tn s of doG . gap e 4028-9 : We Pr cae h irhC st . gap e 4029-9 : ehS w us the rehtaF : We caerP h irhC st . gap e 702

ahc p et r 10 : itehporP c seM s ega s on otsiH r y ap ge 112

1-01 : ojaM r orP p teh s of the C h aedla n Pe doir , einaD l, kezE i le , dnahaimereJ . gap e 112

2-01 : hT e Pr po h te s on eJ r melasu , ahpeZ n hai , E leikez , na d ubaH k .kana d haimereJ . gap e 812

3-01 : An iltuO n e of ikezE el . gap e 22201 -4: Why Me on the N ta ional Level, H ba a uk k ? gap e 422

5-01 : hT e elpmeT : H iagga , hairahceZ , na d ihcalaM . gap e 5226-01 : hT e rP o ehp t aH g iag . gap e 8227-01 : hceZ a hair . gap e 2328-01 : hT e rP o ehp t ihcalaM . gap e 232

ahc p et r 11 : SAL T YAD S and tahcsE a gol y i n the rP o tehp s ap ge 432

:1-11 nnigeB i gn fo eht D tsaL a .sy gap e 5322-11 : hT e Gr ae t na d N lbato e Day of ht e L dro . gap e 6323-11 : lttaB e of heJ o ahpas t na d siweJ h vnoC e noisr . gap e 7324-11 : All earsI l vaS ed , namoR s 11 . gap e 8325-11 : eJ sus on csE h golata y, ttaM hew 42 . gap e 9326-11 : aerG t irT b noitalu . gap e 1427-11 : uO t of seR p ce t for B .H. C orra ll . gap e 242

7

8-11 : A ltsop e P ete r on E ygolatahcs . gap e 4429-11 : golatahcsE y na d raeF . gap e 542

:01-11 sE c atah l ygo ni eht -erP P tehpor .stehporP gap e 642-11 11: Es olatahc gy in the rP o hp ets of ht e A ss y air n P ire od . gap e 842-11 12: sE c olatah gy in the rP o hp ets of ht e C aedlah n ireP od . gap e 252-11 13: sE c olatah gy of ht e P e aisr n reP i do . gap e 652

41-11 : hT e tisopmoC e sentiW s of ht e eN w etatneP u hc . gap e 952

ahc p et r 12 : golatahcsE y in ht e oob k of eR v oitale n ap ge 162

1-21 : aL st gnihT s csE( h ygolata ) in the oob k o f noitaleveR . gap e 162 :2-21 yC c sel fo irotsiH c la .stnevE gap e 462 :3-21 hcsE a ygolat ni eht .stehporP gap e 562

4-21 : ttoB om niL e o f ht e oob k of noitaleveR . gap e 072 :5-21 T neveS eh tsaL P .seugal gap e 172 :6-21 T C ow a .snoitu gap e 272

7-21 : A C ldna e St li l uB rns in ht e C ti y nu til ht e laF l o f ht e U S. . gap e 4728-21 : tisopmoC e sentiW s of ht e viF e o f ht e New atneP t hcue . gap e 472

ahc p et r 13 : hT e porP het haisseM . ap ge 052

:1-31

ahc p et r 14 : hT e nuoS d of a nuoS d .htiaF

8

retpahC :1 P lua sparW up eht iB b el

ihT s etpahc r ltit e liw l moc e as a prus r si e to you, no tbuod ; as oy u vah e hguoht t lttil e of ehtrtsinim y fo eht eltsopA aP ul ot edivorp t eh gnihsinif tiunitnoc y to ht e Bi lb e of 66 koob s . A feirb

oitanalpxe n is in edro r won , na d reht e is a aer l snes e in cihw h iht s w oh le ulov me o f HT E EL A NRSIRHC T ORF M HT E TSOPA LES AND ORP P TEH S C EMMO N RAT Y liw l rom e e uahx s evit ly aed l iw th th taemeht . hT e ramirp y ucof s in iht s mulov e is uoba t oh w ht e lbiB e orf m iseneG s to oitaleveR n is a yrots

uoba t eht droL seJ us ,tsirhC dna woh ot nrael ht at tsirhC fo eht biB l ;e tub roppus t taht gni tsomuoivbo s na d nanimod t meht e is ht e aw y ht e ruseR r etce d irhC st , rep s llano y na d guorht h ht e iripS t fo

irhC st, eunitnoc d to w ro k guorht h ht e opA s lt e uaP l as lew l as ht e to her Ap eltso s to arw p up ht e .elbiBIf we ool k cab k evo r the sal t pa p letamixor y wt o nasuoht d ye ra s is nce useJ s of terazaN h eklaw d no

iht s trae h in enitselaP , w ah t ah s eeb n ht e som t cneulfni e in ht e aerps d of irhC s tinait y to la l ht e snoitanof ht e dlrow , it ah s been ht e lbiB e as esu d by the iripS t of Ch tsir . loH( y S irip t is nieb g us de

nys o uomyn sl y tiw h ht e S tirip fo :tsirhC t tah si biB l ).e woN nevig eht elbiB sah be ne eht tsomevisaverp aitsirhC n cneulfni e in wt o nasuoht d ey a sr , ‛nod t oy u niht k aht t the oG d of ohw m ht e Ap eltso

emaJ s etirw s as niwonk g la l iH s krow s orf m the innigeb ng of emit , not lno y nnalp ed it siht wa tub,y oslaah d a alp n in ht e oitelpmoc n of ht e 66 koob s as lew l as ht e oitavreserp n na d aerps d of ht e B elbi . ehTpA o lts e luaP , ednu r ht e cerid t ihsredael p of ht e esir n sirhC t na d eht n guorht h ht e iripS t nirud g eht

ellac-os d neves tnelis ye sra (o ln y nelis t b suace e ht e S rip it kil e God ht e F ehta r eod s ps eak in a s llitlams l )eciov , aw s ht e ek y amuh n ni s nemurt t to moc p tel e ht e B .elbi

What deen s to be laed t tiw h eirb fl y on w is ahw t uaP l ah d to d o tiw h the moc p oitel n o f the dlOtnematseT , na d oh w Paul luoc d w ar p up ht e lbiB e cnis e ht e Ap ltso e hoJ n etal r torw e ht e al st if ve ob o sk

of ht e eN w tnematseT , na d la so etfa r uaP l hoJ n raM k torw e a oG s ep l na d rD . kuL e torw e a soG pel dnaht e oob k of tcA s . As af r as the lO d nematseT t trap , it aw s luaP ‛s tnemngissa morf eht Ri nes tsirhC

nirud g ieht r mit e to teg her in duaS i A ibar a mmi e letaid y af et r the noc v re s oi n of uaP l to go cab k na d -eraer d ht e lO d nematseT t cihw h uaP l ah d s eidut d so etxe n levis y in ht e ap st, ub t t ih s mit e to aer d i t ni

ht e hgil t of ht e er m vo ed veil that aw s nod e awa y htiw , as uaP l etirw s in beH r swe , in rhC i ts . uaP l ud r gniesoht eves n raey s at raT sus aer d ht r guo h la l ht e lO d nematseT t rcsunam i stp , erebmemer d ehtpretni r noitate s orf m Ch tsir , na d er c ro ded on a am n su c ir pt la l the p tra s o f ht e lO d Te ats m ne t taht

rew e som t opmi r nat t t o be etouq d in ht e eN w lbiB e of ht e lO d na d eN w stnematseT , nola g w ti h eht snoitanalpxe , pretni r snoitate , na d ap noitacilp s r eviece d from irhC s t na d ht e Sp iri t of C .tsirh

oN w uoba t ht e nitirw g rtsinim y of ht e Ap ltso e oJ hn na d ht e Ap ltso e luaP . uaP l ias d in snaitalaGaht t he em t tiw h eteP r na d semaJ , na d I iht nk he sla o torw e a pircsunam t or wt o to rocer d ht e yrots

of ht e fil e of useJ s cihw h etal r he fel t tiw h hoJ n raM k to tirw e raM k na d rD . kuL e to tirw e ht e lepsoGof ekuL . That naem s that uaP l ah d erht e or uof r ecruos s t o onk w ht e telpmoc e rots y of ht e fil e fo

tsirhC feb ore the Ap ltso e hoJ n torw e his g so p le , eJ sus Hi lesm f in sibarA , ht e opA s lt e reteP , na d eht

9

pA o lts e semaJ , na d ht e loH y iripS t aw s yawla s rp e nes t tiw h uaP l sa s nitsi g in ht e nitirw g fo .serutpircsetfA r lla , h“ oly em n o f oG d ( opa s elt s and rp o hp e st , rw“ ote a s t eh y ew re om ved b y the Sp iri t o f .”doG

TON E : And do ‛n t f ro get as oy u liw l r ead uoba t etfo n in iht s v emulo , uaP l ednu r ht e pihsredaelof ht e iripS t na d iw th la l aht t enoitnemerofa d nuorgkcab d lesmih f w tor e 14 eN w atseT m ne t koob s foht e 72 , ht e tirojam y a ohtu r orf m ht e amuh n dis e of ht e eN w tnematseT . F omrehtru re, if oy u r devomeorf m ht e eN w nematseT t la l ht e lO d nematseT t etouq s (I liw l efer r to evo r 01 0 of oht se etouq s in siht

,)emulov ereht w dluo be on weN atseT m .tne tsoM fo esoht ht e A op s lt e uaP l p re s llano y or ht r guo h ekuLna d hoJ n raM k put !ereht

It i s more ed t elia d than iht s, ub t this liw l s re ve a s an rtni o oitcud n. The er st o f the v mulo e lliw.etarobaleehW n oy u h ae r of ht e mi sin try of ht e A op s lt e luaP , ahw t d o you on r llam y ?kniht tsoM often ew

aeh r na d aeps k of eht noissim a yr syenruoj fo Pa .lu eW aer d of ht e uolevram s oisrevnoc n of uaS l on ehtaor d to amaD s uc s in edro r aht t aP ul gim ht pr cae h the og s ep l to the Ge selitn . hT e rp e sim e of t sih

etpahc r na d ht e oob k i s aht t the ramirp y tsinim ry of uaP l aw s to se vr e as eihc f otide r of ht e weN tnematseT . lniatreC y as w e i n aropmetnoc ry emit s ool k cab k on ahw t ah s pah p ene d i n the

ppa r etamixo l y wt o oht u nas d y rae s ecnis Pa ,lu seJ u ,s dna the rehto seltsopA fo ,tsirhC eht tsomevisavrep cneulfni e of uaP l ah s eeb n orf m ih s f eetruo n ttel ers aht t be mac e eetruof n koob s of ht e weN

tnematseT . In ehto r drow s ht o asu nds more p oe ple had rea d na d ceb ome irhC s nait s rf om ht e gnidaerfo sih srettel t eb nah c ema sirhC t snai eb c esua fo sih mi yranoiss oj u .syenr

oY u ac n somla t sim s iht s sa p ce t of ht e rtsinim y of hC r si t in the nidaer g of ih s ettel rs. hT e enonis gle calp e aht t it is o ivb ou s is in the daer in g of loC o ss i na s 1: .52

erehW“ of I am dam e a retsinim , nidrocca g to the epsid n oitas n of oG d cihw h is evig n to me rofuoy , t o ifluf l ht e row d of ...doG ” naissoloC( s 2:1 5 )VJK

itoN ce taht : P ua l is dam e a nim i ets r i n or ed r to luf f li l or lpmoc ete ht e row d of doG ! ahT t slletme aht t God ah d in nim d a iatrec n ebmun r of koob s of r the lbiB e na d in alucitrap r for ht e N we

nematseT t )72( , na d aht t the ser p tilibisno y of ht e rtsinim y of uaP l aw s to am ke rus e aht t iht s rebmunaw s detelpmoc . ihT s uaP l id d by rep s llano y nitirw g 14 uo t of 27 of soht e bo sko , na d eht n sap s on othoJ n raM k na d rD . kuL e tpircsunam s of r ht e irw t gni fo eerht mo er skoob fo eht weN atseT m ;tne osaht t uaP l emoceb s p llanosre y r opse n lbis e for 17 uo t o f 27 o f ht e N ew T tse a nem t oob ks. I uow ld yasaht t is a si ng i cif ant as ep ct of luaP ‛s mi in s rt y ehw n oy u noc s edi r to how nam y uoc n rt ies ht e iB ble h sa

eht revo enog la t ts wo dnasuoht ,sraey tni o oh w am ny ho em s, na d rf om how nam y p lu p ti s na d S yadnuoohcs l salc ses ht e B lbi e is guat h t reve y .yadnuSTo obaleb r iht s eihc f tide or cepsa t of ht e New nematseT t on w as etaler d to hoJ n M ra k na d .rD

kuL e is so ahwem t nipmuj g daeha , ub t I t nih k it is assecen ry to emmi di leta y es lbat ish an in et r lancnedive e sa p ce t to iht s mialc . wT o arutpircs l f tca s ac n lkciuq y al y iht s f .noitadnuo

1. uaP l tfa er be imoc ng a p ir s no er re euq s et d t ah t htomiT y nirb g ih s koob s na d tnemhcrap s morf.saorT

01

ehT“ c kaol I taht l a tfe orT as htiw ,supraC ehw n oht u emoc st, nirb g tiw h ht ee dna , eht b ,skooub t e s laicep ly ht e crap h tnem s.” (II omiT thy )31:4

2. luaP w etor taht nhoJ w kraM as batiforp le ot mih rof eht nim“ i ,”yrts a dn cer a ll ht at eht tsomtropmi a tn tcepsa fo eht nim i yrts fo luaP was ni eht w gnitir and ide t gni fo weN atseT m tne oob k .s

kaT“ e kraM , na d nirb g ih m tiw h eht e: of r he is rp o lbatif e to me of r ht e .yrtsinim ” I( I yhtomiT)11:4

1-1 : tO her cS r pi t eru s to oppuS tr Co ol ssi na s 1: .52As etats d eilrae r it is p lbisso e to evo r ool k iht s nitirw g na d nitide g sa p ce t of ht e rtsinim y of luaP

itnu l oy u ucof s on it as f nuo d in loC o naiss s 52:1 ; woh e ev r cno e it has y uo r tta e itn on, you ac n nif d hto erserutpircs ot troppus eht emas .siseht

ETON : It hs o lu d be etats d ereh ihtemos ng taht w lli eb isahpme z de la .ret tahT ,si eht sgnireffusna d rp e nihca g na d to her as tcep s of the inim s rt y of uaP l ra e cl so ely etaler d na d aitnesse l to eht

rtsinim y of gnitirw . I n caf t th so e hto er sa p tce s of ht e inim s rt y kam e ht e nitirw g inim s rt y op s .elbisoslA ‛luaP s atpecca nce i n the uhc rch as a n Ap ltso e aw s sla o se s aitne l t o ht e inim s rt y o f itirw ng, s ecni

it aw s a lew l nk own caf t that lno y porP h te s na d Ap eltso s torw e rutpircS es . S nihtemo g else that ewliw l ool k a t in rom e iated l .retal

1 . E hp e nais s .3,2:3I“ f ye vah e raeh d of ht e oitasnepsid n of ht e g car e of oG d ihw c h is evig n me to draw-uoy : woh

aht t by ver e oital n he dam e wonk n tnu o me ht e tsym e yr ; a( s I torw e rofa e in ef w ..sdrow .” pE( h snaise)3,2:3

itoN ce es v are l ob oiv us xe e citeg al tniop s orf m seht e two esrev s : 1( ) the ohtem d of useJ s ybcihw h He el t uaP l onk w of iht s aerg t retsym y aw s guorht h ”noitalever“ , na d noyreve e onk ws orf m ehtduts y of ht e lbiB e in ot t tila y aht t ht e tem hod by cihw h utpircS res ra e ettirw n is oitalever n; 2( ) nehw

iht s retsym y aw s elaever d to Paul he essap d it on in a ettel r w ih ch maceb e a oob k of ht e lbiB e on(buod t iht s aw s ht e oob k of soloC s )snai ; (3) if oy u aer d ht e ve sr e eb f ero , Ep naiseh s :1 1 you liw l ton i ec

aht t uaP l etaler s this tsinim ry of er v oitale n na d tirw ing to b to h nieb g a renosirp“ ” fus( f gnire s rof tsirhC na d ht e cruhc h) na d of r ht e caf t aht t it is la l nod e of r ht e cruhc h; 4( ) oy u sla o es e iht s f ca t ni

ht e cihw“ h is ig ven me to y uo - draw ” in the row d ni g o f Ep eh s nai s 2:3 ; (5) in Ep eh s nai s :3 5 this g taerretsym y is “now ver e ela d tnu o ih s loh y opa s elt s and rp o hp ets by ht e S rip i ”t , cno e iaga n all elbiBtneduts s niwonk g aht t iht s is ht e ohtem d of noitalever s orf m oitalever--doG n to opa s elt s na d pr stehpohguorht ht e row k of the loH y Sp iri t (II omiT th y )71,61:3 ; 6( ) ht e aerg t retsym y eddih n orf m eht

oitadnuof n of ht e trae h is aht t ht e elitneG s ra e rebmem s of ht e mas e dob y of hC r si t ht r uo gh the s emasoG p le , naisehpE s 6:3 ; 7( ) na d iht s is ht e aer son that uaP l is dam e a ”retsinim“ , naisehpE s 7:3 ; 8( ) trap

of iht s m ini s rt y t o ht e p hcaer ing of iht s tsym ery na d g so pel to the eG n elit s, pE h aise ns 8:3 ; and )9(ehtona r psa ect is in dro er aht t la l em n on ht e trae h of la l mit e hgim t onk w iht s yretsym - na”- d to ekam

la l em n see tahw ...” , Ep eh s nai s 3: .9

11

oN w ahw t s mee ed at rif st to be a lttil e aelcnu r rf om anretni l dive e cn e in ht e S erutpirc s snigebot oceb me !suoivbo

2 . II tomiT hy .71,61:3In a etal r oitces n of this chapte r we liw l ool k a t ‛luaP s pecnoc t of ht“ e row d of doG ” a s esu d ni

soloC s nai s 2:1 5 to d mrete ine if it ah d a ettirw n S irc p arut l co xetn t as lew l as the rom e vbo i uo s as tcepof pr cae h ni g, so aht t cnis e we enoitnem d voba e iht s srev e of II htomiT y 1:3 6 71, , it evooheb s us wonto up t it up fr no t as rap t o f ht e rednu s nidnat g of the pA o lts e uaP l uoba t ni s noitarip , r noitaleve , dna

eht pircS t .serulA“ l tpircs ure i s g evi n by in itarips on of doG , na d is rp o lbatif e of r enirtcod , of r foorper , rof

noitcerroc , of r oitcurtsni n in sensuoethgir s: aht t ht e am n of oG d am y be rep f tce , uorht gly inruf s dehtnu o la l og od skrow . ” I( I tomiT hy )71,61:3

lA l ettirw n ircS p rut e is g evi n by the sni p oitari n of oG d uorht gh ht e Holy tiripS . If oy u ol ok taht e ev rse feb o er , II Ti tom hy :3 15 , you liw l n ito ce tha t aP u l is klat ing a uob t tirw ten S irc p ut res as eh

taler e s how htomiT y has ael r en d the ettirw n na d h“ o yl ” rcS i utp res f or m his c h ohdli o .dihT s luow d a sl o be a g oo d mit e to ol ok at ht e Ap ltso e eteP r‛s pecnoc t of ni s oitarip n dna

rutpircS es, na d oh w in alucitrap r aht t P e et r ah d etpecca d the nitirw g of S erutpirc s as an opmi r tnatpsa ect of ht e rtsinim y of ht e opA s lt e luaP , na d aht t f htru e romr e eteP r uos ght to iag n t ih s atpecca n ec

of nitirw g rutpircS e noma g ht e ser t o f ht e .hcruhc)1( . II eteP r 1 .12,02:nK“ o niw g t ih s if r ts , aht t no rp o cehp y of ht e cs r rutpi e is of na y tavirp e noitaterpretni . oF r eht

orp p ceh y mac e in lo d mit e b y the liw l of nam : ub t loh y em n of oG d kaps e as eht y rew e evom d by ehtloH y ipS r .ti ” I( I eteP r )12,02:1

reH e eht ikaeps ng ro gnihcaerp fo Sc pir t ru e is lc leso y taler ed to the nitirw g of the dlOatseT m tne oob ks yb eht .stehporP

)2( . II Pe et r :3 1 .61,5..“ . eve n as uo r be evol d torb her uaP l sla o idrocca ng to ht e odsiw m evig n unto ih m tah h ettirw n otnu

uoy ; as sla o in la l ih s pe i selts , s nikaep g in eht m of th se e iht ngs in cihw h ra e s mo e gniht s rah d to ebednu r ots od, cihw h eht y ar ra e nraelnu ed na d lbatsnu e tserw , as eht y do sla o ht e hto er ircs p serut , otnuieht r wo n ed s tcurt i no .” I( I eteP r )61,51:3

oY u ‛ndid t sim s aht t id d uoy : 1( ) eteP r tup s ht e tirw ten e ip s elt s of ht e Ap so tle Pau l in ht e emasrogetac y tiw h ht e rutpircS es of ht e lO d tnematseT ; 2( ) in soht e e eltsip s uaP l is gnikaeps“ ” lihw e eh

irw t ;se na d 3( ) it is suaceb e of ht e odsiw m evig n to ih m orf m oG d that uaP l etirw s to eht se sehcruhcin ipe s elt s aht t ah ve moceb e etpecca d as .elbiB

3 . amoR n s :51 1 .9rehW e rew e we ehw n we og t eirrac d awa y tiw h iht s aerg t tcod r ni e o f the sni p oitari n of

rutpircS e ?s We rew e ikool ng at us p rop t in ehto r B lbi e rev ses of r ht e itirw gn of rutpircS e s as ehtsom t s ingi f naci t as cep t of ht e inim s rt y of ht e Ap ltso e .luaP

2-1 : rehW e uaP l oG t His rtcoD i .en

21

uaP l evael s lttil e buod t in ht e nim d of redaer s rehw e he enrael d w ah t He id d uoba t ht e Do enirtcfo tsirhC dna ot reh aet c .sgnih tI was morf eht Ri nes dna ecsA n ded tsirhC Hi !flesm

1 . From out i n ht e eD s re t of duaS i Ar .aibauB“ t I fitrec y uoy , erhterb n aht t ht e sog pe l cihw h aw s ehcaerp d of me is on t af et r nam . oF r I

ehtien r r eviece d it of nam , en i ht er aw s I hguat t ti , but by ht e re oitalev n of useJ s irhC s ..t . uB. t nehwit esaelp d doG , hw o etarapes d m e orf m my htom e ‛r s bmow , na d ellac d me by ih s ecarg , to r aeve l sih

oS n in em , aht t I hgim t pr cae h ih m noma g the nehtaeh ; i letaidemm I y refnoc red on t tiw h elf sh dnadoolb : ehtien r new t I up to eJ r elasu m to eht m cihw h rew e pa o elts s be rof e em ; ub t I new t i tn o Ar ,aiba

na d enruter d ag ia n tnu o ucsamaD s. ehT n af et r rht ee raey s I new t up to eJ r elasu m to es e reteP , dnaedoba iw t mih h neetfif .syad uB t o t eh r o f the sopa t el s saw I enon , vas e Ja em s the roL d‛s orb t ”.reh

aitalaG( ns :1 1 21-1 , )91-51.)1( cuM h of ht e cod t ir ne of Ch ir st that uaP l torw e of is omla st ys n omyno us tiw h the g so p le , dna

voba e uaP l i s niyas g that i t mac e orf m cerid t r oitaleve n f or m ht e Lord useJ s irhC s .t)2( . uaP l ‛ndid t eg t ht e gnihcaet s of Ch sir t from ht e hto er Ap eltso s as etfa r ih s oisrevnoc n eh

lno y as w two of ,meht Pe ret dna ,semaJ na d aht t was 3 raey s etfa r ih s noisrevnoc , soht e th er e sraeyieb ng s ep nt il s net in g to Je us s in A bar i .a

.)3( raP t of my ojam r roeht y on uaP l nieb g the eihc f ide to r of the eN w tnematseT , gniunitnocih s row k ht r guo h raM k na d kuL e of r ohw m eh tfel w nettir m rcsuna i stp no dlO atseT m tne ouq t ,snoita

is sla o aht t uaP l el ft ht e og s ep l tset i nom y ircsunam pts rf om eteP r na d semaJ - ettirw- n nirud g sih tsrifisiv t cab k t o elasureJ m to Pe et r na d semaJ - er- s levitcep y b nimoce g ht e lepsoG s of raM k na d Lu .ek

.2 morF reteP a dn aJ m .seAs tnem i eno d evoba , uaP l daerla y onk w ni g aht t ih s nopser s tilibi y was to be eihC f otidE r of eht

eN w tnematseT , vah ing enrael d aht t from C rh ist on the road ot maD a ,sucs morf nA a sain ni Da csam u ,sna d from C rh ist in aS udi A bar ia, ageb n to do craeser h on ht e at sk by nidrocer g ht e og s ep l tset i seinomfo reteP and aJ m se no hcrap m .stne

3. orF m nidaer g cab k guorht h ht e lO d nematseT t nirud g the 7 nelis“ t aey rs” at usraT s, gnidroceron csunam r tpi s la l ht e etouq s aht t luow d moceb e rap t of ht e 14 rettel s aht t he etorw , ulp s tcA s, ,kraMna d .ekuL

tiuQ e etfo n ht e eves n raey s or os fo 03:9 stcA era ca dell eht tnelis .sraey I niht k not; as luaPaw s nidaer g kcab hguorht ht e lohw e lO d nematseT t in il ght of his vnoc e noisr , the gnihcaet s of eJ s su

in uaS di A bar ia, ahw t An aina s lot d mih , na d ahw t uaP l enrael d orf m teP er na d semaJ . lA l of the setouqaht t luow d l eta r moceb e oob k of ht e eN w tseT a nem t rew e edrocer d on mhcrap e stn sa eh daer hguorht

ht e lO d .tnematseT

3-1 : hT e tsopA le eteP r ca k egdelwon d uaP l as a rutpircS e nitirW g tsopA l .e

.“ . a. s sla o uo r b evole d ehtorb r luaP , drocca ing to ht e odsiw m ig ven to him , has rw i ett n to y uo , asosla i n la l ih s seltsipe , nikaeps g in eht m of seht e gniht s, in cihw h ra e mos e gniht s rah d t o nu d re s ,dnat

31

cihw h soht e hw o ra e hguatnu t na d batsnu le siwt t to ieht r own noitcurtsed , as eht y do sla o ht e ser t foht e S irc p erut s.” (II eP ter 51:3 , )61

1. By ht e mit e ht e A ltsop e P ete r torw e II reteP , ap letamixorp y 66 A D. ., uaP l aw s lew l dehsilbatseas the leb“ o ev d br hto e .”r

2. hT e uos rce of ‛luaP s do nirtc e na d ircS p erut s is uoivbo s ereh , it aw s “a nidrocc g to ht e modsiwevig n hi .”m

It mac e orf m distuo e flesmih , orf m oG d ht e rehtaF , ht e ednecsA d roL d useJ s irhC st, na d ehtloH y tiripS . In a ef w argarap phs we liw l lfeirb y ucsid ss sni“ p noitari ” of la l erutpircS s as 1( ) nivid e ni

nigiro , (2) tulosba e in ytirohtua , na d (3) fus f neici t in sem s .ega .3 yB it siht m ni e ixorppa m eta ly 66 ni”--.D.A all sih seltsipe ” luaP-- had w nettir m yna tsipe l .se

4 . uaP l torw e of seht e gniht s aht t eteP r ah d eeb n da dre niss g i n II teP er, in p tra i aluc r saenoitnem d a ef w srev es feb o er , ht e nimoc g of ht e ad y of oG d ehw n the h evae ns na d the ae rth s llah

lossid ve; na d oh w ht e nol g ffus e nir g of uo r oL rd i s itavlas o .n5 . aP ul etirw s in his e p ltsi e s of mos e niht gs ah rd to un red s .dnatIt luow d ees m aht t pecxe t for ht e A ltsop e J ho n aen r the ne d of ht e iF rst utneC ry ehw n he etorw

ht e luciffid t ob ok of oitaleveR n, aht t ht e A ltsop e uaP l aw s evig n the at sk a( s a eihc f otide r hs o dluevah ) of tirw ing the m so t id f cif ult na d eed p ht i gn s of las v ita on. uB t ht i s aw s ht e aw y i t s oh uld be sa

uaP l aw s a eywal r rofeb e his vnoc e noisr , na d nieb g a eywal r in Is ear l in ht e f sri t utnec ry naem t desabon ht e al w of ht e iB ble a s ht e al w of ht e iB ble aw s ht e al w of ht e itan on . lA l uaP l en e ed d saw

revnoc s noi , a row d o f cne o aru g eme nt from A nan i sa , es v are l aey rs in ht e esed rt tiw h irhC st, a feirbisiv t cab k a t eJ r elasu m tiw h ht e Ap so t el s teP er and maJ es, and then s ve en ye ra s at raT sus to re dacab k uorht gh ht e lO d nematseT t tiw h w cih h he aw s aerla dy rev y ub--railimaf t in ht e hgil t on ht e wen

neirepxe c se dna te nomits i .se

-1 4: W ro d of God (S utpirc r se ) orf m ht e Ap ltso e aP u .l1 . uaP l aw s a loh y am n o f oG d aht t s p ko e or torw e as evom d by the loH y S p .tiri

oF“ r ht e cehporp y mac e on t in lo d mit e by ht e w li l of nam ; ub t loh y men of oG d sp ka e as yehtrew e evom d by ht e loH y pS i .tir ” (II eteP r )12:1

2. uaP l aw s on t nikam g an pr tavi e pretni r noitate s of useJ s or ht e lO d seT t nema t ehw n he etorwrutpircS e .shT e irtcoD ne of uaP l is ht e do nirtc e of irhC st na d of doG . It is tnetsisnoc iw t eht h aet c sgnih

na d eltsipe s of ht e ehto r seltsopA . In tcaf , if oorp f rew e edeen d of ht e lbiB e as ht e oW rd of Go ,dit is ht e u tin y of oc n net t rf om ht e orP p teh s na d ht e Ap eltso s aht t co ivn n ec s us aht t a co omm n s ecruo

aw s yrassecen , that cruos e be ni g oG d ht e F ehta r ht r guo h eJ sus na d ht e H lo y ripS i .tIt aw s on t edrocer d ey t ub t I am rus e aht t ehtie r ht e As nec ded C rh ist or Pe et r or emaJ s dah

lot d uaP l as Je us s dias , and etal r the A op s lt e oJ hn cer o edr d in ht e G o ps el of J ho n t ah t th re e dluowbe no tbuod s uoba t “d irtco ne” if a ep r os n rew e nilliw g to do the liw l o f .doG

41

I“ f na y am n liw l do ih s lliw , he lahs l nk ow of ht e nirtcod e, ehtehw r it be of doG , or ehtehw r Ips eak of my les f. ” ( hoJ n )71:7

Of esruoc , in ht e txetnoc , useJ s aw s p liramir y sp nikae g of the uorg p of gnihcaet s na d of miH s fleas ht e lbailer e cruos e aht t essap d on nirtcod e orf m oG d ht e .rehtaF

nA“ d ht e Jews dellevram , niyas g, oH w tewonk h iht s am n ettel rs, ivah ng ven er denrael ? suseJrewsna ed meht , na d as id, My d o nirtc e is not nim e, ub t his t hat es nt .em ” J( ohn 1:7 5 )61,

uaP l uoc ld siwekil e lat k of ih s rtcod ine lihw e nikam g it raelc , as he tfo en did , aht t it aw s yllaernirtcod e orf m oG d na d tsirhC ; na d ekil w si e in ht e ltit e of this ,emulov EHT SINIM T YR DNA

TCOD R ENI OF HT E LTSOPA E LUAP , w e ac n lat k of ht e do nirtc e o f P ua l lihw e kn niwo g un akatsim b ylht e uos r .ec

3. eteP r sum t vah e wonk n sla o of the mit e na d fe f ro t uaP l dam e at usraT s ehw n he lluferac y r -eaer d ht e lO d nematseT t rcS i erutp s, of ht e ettam rs of s avla t noi , of ht e carg e aht t aw s p er s yltne

nimoc g to ih s noitareneg , na d w ah t ht e iripS t of sirhC t ah d edrocer d in ht e lO d nematseT t of ehtffus e gnir s of hC r .tsi

O“ f cihw h oitavlas n the orp p teh s vah e uqni i er d na d craes hed yltnegilid , hw o eisehporp d of ehtcarg e aht t luohs d moc e tnu o uoy : nihcraes g w tah , or ahw t am n en r of mit e ht e S rip it o f C irh st hcihw

aw s in them id d s ingi fy, ehw n it et s ifit ed feb o aher nd the s fu f re i gn s of hC r si t, na d ht e lg ory t tahhs o lu d of l wol . tnU o ohw m it aw s delaever , aht t on t tnu o sevlesmeht , ub t tnu o us eht y id d m etsini r eht

,sgniht cihw h ra e on w troper ed tnu o oy u by eht m t ah t ah ve pr ehcae d the g so pel tnu o oy u tiw h ht e H yloipS rit sent wod n f or m h evae n... ” (I teP er 01:1 - )21

.)1( uaP l w luo d vah e eeb n on ht e nim d of eteP r as no e of ht e opA s elt s hw o rp e ehca d aht t og s lepiw t eht h ripS yloH it .pleh

)2( . uaP l ola ng tiw h the lO d eT s nemat t P or p teh s luow d noma g oht se hw o im“ n tsi er ht e niht g .”s .)3( hT e ipS“ rit of Ch tsir ” aw s tiw h uaP l in Ar iba a eve n as it was tiw h ht e lO d tnematseT

stehporP ni eht w gnitir fo Sc .serutpir

-1 5: hT e ltsopA e ,luaP a ahc m oip n o f oitaripsni n o f sc rutpir e s na d la l rehto.senirtcod

1. It aw s ht e Ap ltso e uaP l as a uidem m that vag e us soht e aerg t esrev s on lA“ l ircs p rut e is g nevib y in arips t oi n o f G ”...do

“All cs r rutpi e if evig n by ipsni r oita n of doG , na d is lbatiforp e of r enirtcod , of r foorper , rofnoitcerroc , of r ni s oitcurt n in r uoethgi s ssen : aht t ht e am n of oG d am y be ep r tcef , oht r guo hly inruf s deh

tnu o la l og od skrow . ” I( I tomiT hy )71,61:3oY u suj t onk w aht t uaP l ah d to rawa e of ht e f ca t aht t h e kil e ht e orP p teh s na d to her Ap seltso

aw s w nitir g erutpircS : if he ‛ndid t onk w rofeb e eteP r lot d ih m in ht e ltsipe e of II .retePWhat do we aem n by i“ nsp ari t oi n of ”doG ? C re t lnia y it is not i sn p ri ed as ht e mas e s e sn e sa

reboR t rB o ninw g or na y to her p eo t is sni p .deri)1( . We aem n aht t t he lbiB e is nivid e in nigiro

51

ihW le evo r 40 rohtua s o ev r a oirep d of uoht s dna s of ye ra s id d ht e h amu n snamnep h pi , revetahwwe eveileb er l deta ot suoirav ht e seiro fo ripsni“ a ”noit w e tsum eb l evei aht t oG d is ht e ro i ig n. Over at

orrocoS , eN w cixeM o is ht e reV y raL ge Ar ar y of netna nas po etni d to ip ck up mos e tacinummoc ion morfecaps . lleW , in ht e lbiB e we vah e moc m noitacinu s orf m nevaeh , orf m ht e ekaM r of la l in ht e un revi s .e

nA d ohemos w ht e oW rd of oG d nart s dnec s ihtiw n ht e B lbi e la l abrev l s nimoctroh gs na d ht e oitatimil nsfo nep dna pa rep ot moc m cinu a et eht urt th ot .su

)2( . We aem n aht t t he lbiB e is sbA o tul e in tuA h .ytiroehW n oG d has ekops n as He ah s in ht e B elbi , ahw t luoc d am n sop s lbi e vah e to as y aht t luow d eb

in ht e mas e ac t yroge . We rad e on t rapmoc e eve n sitpaB t tnemetats s of tiaf h or ht e eiratnemmoc s fouo r seb t t o ht e lbiB e ti s fle . L ki e no e ehcaet r of goloeht y dias , dutS“ y uoy r elbiB : it w li l orht a w tol

o f il ght o n the oc m nem t ira e ”.s)3( . We aem n aht t t he lbiB e is eiciffuS nt in tI s Me .egass

It am y on t let l us la l aht t we naw t to wonk : oh w reve , it llet s us la l aht t we een d to onk w rofnoitavlas , of r the ihsrow p of doG , for tiaf h in useJ s irhC st, of r the nivil g of ht e C irh s ait n il fe, na d e .ct)4( . We aem n aht t t he lbiB e is gih h f .ytiledihgiH tiledif y llaretil y naem s ufhtiaf“ l in rper o ”noitcud . We ac n bed ate netxe s levi y ht e e tcax

dom e of er v tale i no ; or we ac n s pmi ly mda it that ht e oW rd of oG d etacinummoc s uorht gh egaugnal s dnadrow s na d tran noitals s e ltcax y as oG d tnaw s it to tiw h ht e h le p of the loH y Sp iri t na d ht e f lufhtiaduts y of the .elbiB

2. hT e roW d or roW d of turT h rew e tirovaf e mret s of r B lbi e or erutpircS s in ht e sgnitirw , dnawe liw l ool k at soht e txe e levisn y in ht e ahc p ret s of iht s v emulo . wT o liw l be lfeirb y enoitnem d on w sa

axe m .selp1( ) . II tomiT hy .2:4

ihT s srev e as a ranimilerp y to ht e ninraw g of ht e mit e ehw n reht e w li l be lttil e ot l cnare e rofnuos d irtcod ne, llet s a po lbiss e p itnever ve .erusaem

caerP“ h th e drow ; be ni s nat t in aes s no , out of s osae n; er p or ve, re ekub , e ohx rt tiw h llagnol s ffu e nir g na d tcod r eni . ” I( I tomiT hy )2:4

)2( . I oC r htni i na s 14 .3:noc sihT c sedul w hti a doog bmoc i oitan n. sa nevE ihcaerp ng tsum dulcni e ht e airt d el tneme s fo

noitatrohxe , ,trofmoc dna ed cifi a noit I( oC r )3:41 , so h re e p hcaer ing the row d ends in ohxe r oitat n htiwusgnol f niref g na d enirtcod . hT e gnol s ireffu ng llet s of love na d itap e ecn ; na d iatrec nly on la l enirtcod

we luow d d ra e on t be noma g soht e that sac t ht e fi sr t s enot . It is no osrep n or nosrep s aht t we eranimia g at hw en we at lk ba out ahw t ht e iB ble te hca es: it is on t pers ano l; it i s s emo t ih ng that aw s in eht

lbiB e feb or e oy u na d I rew e bo .nr

-1 6 : nireffuS gs na d ht e M rtsini y of Pa .luevobA la l uaP l aw s lot d in ih s lac l to the tsiniM ry of ht e aerg t iht ngs he sum t us f ref , na d I th kni

rehwemos e in oht se ircs p erut s uoba t effus“ r gni ” we liw l nif d sla o ht e g aer t niht g aht t uaP l id d as Ch fei

61

otidE r of ht e eN w tnematseT . ehW n oy u ots p to edisnoc r aht t noces d to irhC s t lesmiH f P ua l is ehttsom uomaf s Ch aitsir n that ah s e ev r evil d, I fr lkna y am s pru r esi d aht t th re e are on t es v are l dlO

nematseT t derp i tc i no s ht at erof t lo d of aP ul and ih s w kro . pahreP s reht e ra e, na d du ir ng thi s v emuloduts y we ac n ees k ht em .tuo

.1 ac ehT ll ot aP u s‛l niM i yrts ni eht isiv on fo .sainanAAn aina s in ht e oisiv n aw s lot d to go to iht s one uaS l of raT sus hw o aw s niyarp g, na d to up t h si

dnah s on ih m so aht t h e luoc d viecer e ih s thgis . A ainan s detcejbo . He dias , v‛I“ e raeh d of iht s ,namof ht e ive l he ah s nod e in ureJ s ela m to irhC s snait , na d oh w he has tirohtua y orf m ht e iehc f p tseir s otup t al l i n osirp n aht t ac ll o n the n ame o f J ”.suse

uB“ t eht droL as id otnu ih m, oG yht w :ya rof eh si a nesohc sev sel tnu o em , to b ae r my an merofeb e ht e elitneG s, na d sgnik , na d ht e lihc d er n of learsI : of r I liw l ehs w ih m oh w aerg t gniht s eh

sum t s ffu er for m y man e‛s s .eka ” A( cts 1:9 5 )61,reH e is ahw t we ac n ian l wod n so af r on the laC l to ht e iniM s rt y of ht e Ap ltso e .luaP

)1( . He aw s a sohc e n sev se l to hC r .tsi.)2( ‛luaP s llac was ot raeb eht eman fo tsirhC erofeb neG t ,seli sgnik , na d the erdlihc n of learsI

)3( . aL et r hC r si t n( o buod t in A ibar a na d sbus e yltneuq ) luow d hs ow uaP l oh“ w aerg t iht ngs hesum t us f ref ” for hC r .tsi

2 . nireffuS g aw s la w ya s rap t of ht e rtsinim y of ht e lO d nematseT t stehporP , llaicepse y ehtnitirw g orp p steh , na d uaP l a s a eywal r aw s rev y ailimaf r tiw h .taht

ehpetS n in ih s uomaf s sal t drow s of A tc s 7, in a esnednoc d rotsih y o f the lO d eT s tnemat , t sllesu fo eht sgnireffus fo eht ehporp t .s

hW“ ich of ht e pr po h te s ah ve not your f hta ers p ers uce t de ? and eht y ha ve sl ia n ht em hcihwewehs d rofeb e of ht e nimoc g of the suJ t O en ; of ohw m ye vah e eeb n on w ht e eyarteb rs dnaedrum r re s...” ( tcA s )25:7

.3 sniM ehT i yrt fo suseJ iH m fles si netfo rrefer ed ot sa a m yrtsni fo .gnireffushT e suomaf ssap a eg fo haiasI 53 let ls fo the rtsiniM y of useJ s in mret s of ht e uS“ f gniref

reS v .”tnaH“ e i s sed p esi d na d er j etce d of nem ; a am n of so sworr , na d etniauqca d tiw h feirg : na d we dih

as it ew re uo r ecaf s rf om mih ; he aw s ed s ip s de , na d w e es emeet d him ton . ” I( s aia h )3:35nA d tiw h many ehto rs is m ali r drow s -ekil - nrob e uo r eirg f se , eirrac d our os r swor , ekcirts n,

ettims r of God, ffa l detci , w denuo , dehsiurb , tnemesitsahc , sepirts , desserppo , as a mal b to ehtethguals r I-- s aia h 53 llet s o f the fus f nire g inim s rt y of C .tsirh

4. uaP l fitset ied aht t ht e tamitlu e in ht e iM n si try and in b ie ng a C rh i ts ian aw s ahw t luoc d er s tlurf om us f ref i gn , that is the atta i nemn t of ht e useR r itcer on from ht e .daed

eL t u s sla o on t of r eg t aht t ht e pr pe a tar i no s o f aP ul rofeb e ht e llac ot eht im n yrtis w ere oslaerp p noitara s of r his tisnim ry . He t lle s us of mos e of oht se lanoitacude , tr ninia g, na d es ep r ecnei

gkcab r dnuo s feb ore His .llac

71

hguohT“ I gim ht la so vah e oc n edif cn e in ht e f hsel . If na y to her am n tekniht h aht t he htahoerehw f he hgim t surt t in ht e elf sh, I erom : ic r esicmuc d ht e ie g th h yad , of ht e cots k of learsI , fo

ht e birt e of B imajne n, an He erb w of ht e H werbe s; as to nihcu g ht e wal , a Ph sira ee; cnoc e ninr g ,laezrep s nituce g eht ruhc c ;h uot c gnih eht thgir e ssensuo cihw h i s in ht e wal , malb l se s.” ( ilihP p naip s )6-4:3

eY t soht e rew e on t the us f niref gs aht t h e epl d uaP l lifluf l His lac l to ht e Mi .yrtsinuB“ t ahw t niht gs rew e iag n to em , t h so e I nuoc te d ol ss of hC r tsi . ” P( h pili p nai s 3: )7

rehT e is the bo v uoi s itom v oita n in ht e iniM s rt y of !luaPaeY“ , d ltbuo e ,ss dna I c tnuo all sgniht tub ssol rof eht cxe e nlel cy fo eht wonk egdle fo irhC st

suseJ ym roL d : rof mohw I dereffus evah t eh fo ssol lla ,sgniht dna od tnuoc meht tub ,gnud aht t Imy iw n C h sri t... ” ( ilihP p naip s )8:3

rehT e is sgnireffus“ ” niaga , in ht e sol s of la l gniht s aht t rew e in natropmi t of ht e self h na d in ehtdlrow . ruS ely in o edr r in fu lifl l the niM i rts y of P lua , in gnihcaerp , in ranoissim y syenruoj , na d in eht

ht e nitirw g na d ed roti ihs p of eN w nematseT t koob s ht e aitnesse l oitadnuof n w as ht e elwonk dg e fotsirhC suseJ . oN t lno y egdelwonk , ub t to be a edael r in eht se euneva s of xe p ser s oi n uoba t eJ s su , luaP

een ded “ xe c le l cne y o f ht e k on w el dge o f rhC ist seJ u ”...srehwemoS e erofeb we hsinif siht ulov m ,e we tsum evorp morf eht rcS i serutp taht YCNELLECXE

na d US F IREF NGS ra e c l eso ly roc r .detale“ .. . na d be nuof d in mih , on t nivah g nim e wo n ssensuoethgir , cihw h of ht e al w, ub t aht t w cih h ishguorht ht e tiaf h of hC r si t, the ri hg t oe u ns ess cihw h is of God by af i ht : aht t I am y onk w mih , and eht

ewop r of ih s user r noitcer , na d ht e f swolle hip of ih s us f ref i gn s, ieb ng dam e co ofn r lbam e tnu o ih s ;htaedif by an naem s I hgim t iatta n tnu o ht e er s oitcerru n of ht e daed . ” ilihP( p naip s -9:3 1 )1

rehT e ti si aga i :n wonk ,miH eht rewop fo siH ser u oitcerr n, dna “ EHT HSWOLLEF IP FO IH SFUS F GNIRE S .”

ehpE s nai s na d ht e aisehpE n rtsinim y rof m a cneb h ram k in ht e gnitirw s of uaP l na d in ht e nim i yrtsof ht e Ap ltso e luaP . It aw s etfa r ht e ht ree aey r inim s rt y in Ep useh s na d in ht e era a of Asia iM nor n rae

,susehpE aht t he c luo d rt u le y say that he ah d wo kr ed ehw re he aw s on t nidliub g on o eht r ‛nem s .yrtsnimoY u ac n de cet t aht t dnal mark in the aw y aht t uaP l rdda essed his l tte ers, bo ldl y c illa ng h smi elf “an

eltsopa fo Je sus ”tsirhC w ihc hti l nerd I( Ti yhtom 1:1 dna II ihtniroC a sn .)1:1In ht e tirw ing of I C ro i tn h nai s he aw s omla st th re e as he aw s ac“ l el d to be an A op s ”elt . A li eltt

ekaew r aht n aht t luow d be ht e es“ r nav t na d ellac d to be an A eltsop ” of namoR s na d sutiT . igeB ng ehtussi e of Ap so t el s ih p luow d be the a“ n opA s elt , on t of em n ub t of Je us s” of alaG t snai . meR( e ebm r li ek

tiw h na y ehto r rotua , oy u sum t nitsid g ehsiu d eewteb n ht e time of w tir ing na d ht e time of pu lb i ac t ).noiehW n luaP c ema ot amrof l yl w etir sih rae l tsei oganys gue serdda s as edrocer d in eht koob fo eH b ,swer

it uohtiw t ht e oitatulas n of na y man e at lla . oferehT re if oy u unitnoc e iht s nert d na d se cneuq e ht e 41rettel s ettirw n by ht e A ltsop e P ua l in t mre s of luaP ‛s own oc n ec pt of ih s nim i ts r -y -at tsael , as he tlef

ca c detpe ni t eh hcruhC and ruhc c neht--seh ti w dluo og as ollof w .s1 . naitalaG s Ap ltso e on t of em n ub t of suseJ2. Hebr we s no eman

81

3 . I, II hT e nainolass s eman s lno y luaP( , aliS s, )yhtomiT4 . amoR ns , tiT u s se avr n t na d ellac d to be an Ap eltso5 . I C iro n naiht s ellac d to be an A op s elt6 . I yhtomiT , II tniroC h nai s an Ap ltso e tiw h nerdlihc 7 . Ep naiseh s, soloC s snai , na d II htomiT y an A eltsop8 . naippilihP s es r nav t tiw h T i yhtom9 . irP s eno r nomelihP

-1 7 : ltsopA e tiw h nerdlihC , I T htomi y na d II .snaihtniroCIt is lef t t ah t ht e caxe t s nicneuqe g hs o lu d on t be ov derobalre , na d aht t i t luohs d be deredisnocufpleh l lno y in aht t it dael s to ht e s autirip l sem s ega s of ht e srettel . No buod t P ua l sergid sed cab k otnavres t aen r ht e end of ih s rtsinim y in edro r to fitnedi y w ti h ht e rtsinim y of yhtomiT , or vah e eht

ehcruhc s fitnedi y tiw h ht e mi rtsin y of ytnomiT , na d also uo t of refed e cn e to ht e fr s-dnei e tnavrtpecnoc of ht e anif l gnihcaet s of eJ sus on ae r ht . uaP l somla t ellac d flesmih an eltospA ni eht tsrif

nitirw g of snaitalaG ; oh w reve , it aw s ttil le or no cnoc ern for the ecca p cnat e of ht e ruhc c eh s hcihwmac e retal . Of ruoc s e iht s etirw r is rawa e of nereffid t gnicneuqes s na d tcepser s llaicepse y aht t foeht vresnoc a noit biB le lohcs ar .F.F ecurB ihw ch ekil seog ht i :s )1( laG a ;snait )2( lassehT o )3( ;snain I

ihtniroC a ;sn )4( ippilihP a ;sn )5( II niroC t ;snaih )6( moR a ;sn )7( issoloC a ,sn elihP m ,no dna ;snaisehpE dna8( ) aP s ot ral ep si t el s. It is bo v uoi s aht t curB e ah s on t etpmetta d to cneuqes e the otsap ral eltsipe s fo

sutiT , I, na d II htomiT y.revewoH , guone h of iht s icneuqes ng . aceR ll aht t ht e me p isah s in iht s v mulo e as in la l ht r ee

emulov s of HT E EL ARN SIRHC T TNEMMOC A EIR S aht t ht e e isahpm s is to be on ht e tni e anr l .tnetnocahT t is etni r eterp d to aem n aht t ht e 14 New nematseT t koob s th evlesme s na d ieht r noc t txe , rehtaraht n ofni r oitam n uoba t meht , liw l be ht e f uco s in this .emulov

An niltuO e of I .yhtomiTI . siH t ciro la nuorgkcaB d of pE h suse , tomiT hy ereht , ‛luaP s opA s ihselt p, na d ih s ahc rge ot

yhtomiT . I tomiT hy 51:2-1:1II . edlE r s na d nocaeD s . I htomiT y 31-1:3III . hT e C cruh h na d ht e syM t re y of ldoG i sen s . I Ti htom y 2:6-41:3

1. hT e uhC rch is ht e allip r na d gr nuo d o f hturt . 51:32. orF m ht e oG d etsefinam d in ht e self h in ht e sirhC t guorht h ht e r eviece d tni o nevaeh , eht

necsA s oi n of C tsirh . 61:33. hT e row k o f a inim s et r nirud g ht e sal t syad . .12:6-1:4

a. moS e liw l raped t morf eht af i ,ht tteg i gn otni des u gnic stirips a dn od c senirt fo ived l .s .b eB na axe m elp fo leb i .sreve

c . How ps e llacific y to tr ae t ec r iat n g uor ps of ep o lp e in ht e ruhc ch , 1:5 - .4:6.d ldoG i ssen tiw h noc t emtne nt is g aer t g nia : f ollo w tfa er go enild ss, I Ti htom y .91-6:6

91

iaf th, 6: 02 , .12e. eeK p ahw t ah s eeb n moc m etti d to uoy r tsurt , on t as soht e hw o vah e erre d orf m eht

rehT e is a rev y aer l snes e in cihw h we naitsirhC s adot y ra e sla o the ch erdli n of the Ap ltso e ,luaPna d oJ hn la s o as we fee l ka i n to oJ hn la s o as he kaeps s of ih s lttil“ e nerdlihc ” in ht e il t lt e eltsipe s fo

nhoJ . laceR l aht t it aw s t eh pA o lts e P ua l who ednimer d us in areves l koob s aht t we ra e a ob dy fotsirhC tliub no eht uof“ n tad i no fo eht tsopa l se an d pr po h ste ” tiw h useJ s C sirh t as ht e feihcrenroc s enot . toN ot leb i eltt t eh krow fo eht eltsopA nhoJ ni eht rw i gnit fo eht la ts evif koob s of eht

eN w matseT e tn , cihw h I kil e to lac l ht e eN w P ate t cue h o f ht e Ap so tle Jo nh ; na d in this one v emuloratnemmoc y on ht e B lbi e I lac l hT“ e ”dnE ; on r luow d I lttileb e ht e row k of ht e lO d nematseT t rP o stehp

in nittes g ht e gats e tiw h etouq - laitnetop s aht t uaP l luoc d ialpxe n na d nuora d ihw ch uaP l luoc d ub ild ehtroc e o f irhC s ait n nirtcod e as we vah e moc e to onk w .ti

etfA r lla , etfa r eJ sus mit e of te gnihca s of ht e 1 2 eltsopa s aw s etanimret d by iH s taed h dnaruser r noitce , eht n uaP l aw s ohc sen ps e llaic y in a aiceps l aw y to telpmoc e ht e row k of ht e w nitir g of eht

eN w tnematseT . It aw s lno y uaP l aht t ht e er s ru r tce ed Ch ir st ot ok uo t tni o ht e ed s re t to e lpx ain hw atht e lO d nematseT t aw s la l tuoba . ehT n tiw h aht t egdelwonk , luaP , a v re y ro g ezina d uoigiler s reywal

in ht e eH b er w tr tida i no , er - aer d ht e lO d Te ats m ne t ma csun r tpi s th guor h r nidroce g on a apes r etanam u tpircs soht e oitrop ns aht t sum t be etouq d in his gnitirw s nola g w ti h ht e oitanalpxe n of ht os setouqaht t irhC st vag e him in aS udi rA a ib a . eH re is oh w P ua l br uo ght the wh lo e iB ble to eg t eh r as one saeihC f otidE r ednu r ht e redael s ih p of irhC s t na d ht e loH y S .tirip

1. uaP l edivorp d ihsredael p in an vitisuahxe e na d oc m telp e nitouq g of ht e lO d tatseT m ne t in eht14 srettel eh w etor dna eht 3 ht at eh ps erosno d guorht h rD . L ku e na d hoJ n kraM . useJ s detouq

netxe s levi y orf m ht e lO d tnematseT , eht n ael d uaP l to do ht e emas . ttaM hew sla o etouq d rf om suseJna d ht e lO d atseT m ne t as id d eteP r na d aJ mes na d etal r nhoJ ; ub t w eh n oy u kat e la l ht e etouq s morfht e lO d nematseT t in ht e eN w T nematse t oy u w li l nif d aht t uaP l is ht e tirojam y ts ock redloh . ?yhW

esuaceB aht t is ht e way irhC st etnaw d ti ! etfA r lla , ahw t was nidrocca g to ht e pS i ir t na d uaP l ninamoR s ht e eihc f oitubirtnoc n to ht e lrow d of ht e siweJ h elpoep . It aw s to be a aidotsuc n of ehtelcaro s of doG . It aw s to a eJ fo w eht eJ w ,s a werbeH fo eht erbeH w ,s taht w sa nevig eht ivirp l ege

ednu r ht e ihsredael p of sirhC t to nirb g it la l .rehtegot2. uaP l torw e hpE e snais . We ac n if nd nam y gniht s in pE h naise s as I vah e th guor h o ev r 50 sraey

o f biB le uts dy . At iht s my ip n lcan e of lbiB e duts y na d dnu e atsr n gnid , I if nd i n Ep eh s nai s as ‛ti s ecalpat ht e etnec r of ht e atot l lbiB e ht e srif t lah f as E“ s laitnes s of ”htiaF , na d the noces d h la f on oH“ w ot

raeL n hC r .”tsi oN w, ola ng iw th taht uoy dluohs kn wo th ta all fo eht il t elt koob fo si snaisehpE arammus y of the if rst ten ob oks that rew e tirw te n by the A op s lt e .luaP

S‛REDAER ETON S :

02

12

hC a 2retp : hT e lbiB e is tsirhC

hT e calp e of iht s ahc p et r is to niltuo e ht e lohw e lbiB e in br ei f orf m ht e noitatouq s in ht e N wenematseT t morf eht Old tseT a ,tnem dna do se ti esirprus uoy t tah tsom of ht e qu eto s of the dlOnematseT t in the eN w eT s nemat t come from ht e 14 ttel ers of ht e Ap ltso e luaP ; na d uf r ht e omr re th ta

it is iht s eihc f ed oti r of ht e eN w atseT m tne , cihw h m ro e aht n ht e lO d atseT m ne t is a rots y fohC r si t aht– t by cum h erom , by ht e yaw , is ht e mas e uaP l who etorw , oF“ r to me to vil e is .tsirhC ” roFuaP l to vil e aw s for hC r si t to il ve, na d of r the lbiB e to vil e adot y is of r hC r si t to vil e rht o gu h the sdrow

na d roW d of ht e elbiB . oY( u liw l es e ofeb r e oy u nif ish iht s emulov , if oy u ac n cnis e i t is egral , na d fioy u d o on t s ee sirhC t rla e da y i n ht e biB l ).e

sselnU oy u lits l the iev l over uoy r e ey s cihw h is nod e awa y in a ep r anos l pxe e neir ce tiw h irhC s ,tor sselnu sendnilb“ s in rap t is eneppah d ot ” oy u as rap t of ht e oitan n of earsI l itnu“ l ht e senluf s of eht

elitneG s be moc e in ; na d in htie er sac e la l we ac n od , oy u na d su , is arp y aht t t he iev l or sendnilb s ebevomer d in o edr r aht t oy u ac n s ee ! Of uoc r es , ehw n ht is h pa p ne s, row ld hi ts ory as ew k won it si la m tso

!revonoemoS e llet s ht e rots y of a iatrec n gral e lbiB e so engised d aht t ehw n oy u oots d back to ool k ta

na y egap , oy u luow d es e eniltuo d nuora d ht e xet t an gami e of .tsirhC oS ti si w hti eht yrots ro egassemof ht e elbiB . sirhC t is ht e elbiB , na d ht e iB b el si .tsirhC woH etairporppa l eht y eltsopA nhoJ tsrif

eviecer d in oitaleveR n ht e orp pe r row d of “W dro ” to er p esere nt ht e oL rd useJ s C tsirh , the n etal r niht e nitirw g of the psoG el of hoJ n etrats d ht e rots y o f ht e Life of J use s tiw h ht e roW“ d dam e ”hselfsa a reporp la rof leb .suseJ hT e row d droW“ ” for useJ s na d ht e row d droW“ ” of r ht e roW d of doGra e rom e ylesolc taler ed naht w e wi ll reve kn wo th si edis fo rete n .yti lraK( htraB sah m da e anoc t bir u oit n reh e in ih s ob ok o n the roW d ).

caE h of us sum t retni p er t sirhC t of r uo r wo n noitareneg . hT e carucca y of aht t noitaterpretniac n be erusaem d in mret s of uo r senlufhtiaf s to ht e lbiB e as ht e roW d of doG . rehT e ra e nam y fo f laicina d o-nu f aicif l retni p noitater s of hC r si t ve en as eht re ra e nam y dam-nam e iler g uoi s or snoitazinag

cihw h lc aim to reporp ly ni t epre t C sirh t for uo r ti sem . ehtaR r aht n s nil g um d uoba t ihw ch eno s na d wohnam y of eht m ra e r llae y p ra t of ht e b do y of ht e C irh st o f the B elbi , and dicni e llatn y of the pr ese n ylt

li niv g irhC st hw o is ht e o ln y aeh d of the aer l dob y of irhC s ..t . aht t si , I s ya , ehtar r aht n yrt i ng totarapes e hw o i s na d hw o i s on t a ebmem r of ht e aer l dob y o f irhC st , ht e rom e p vitso e rppa o ca h is ot

eg t cab k to the B lbi e tiw h oog d esab-elbiB d elpicnirp s of citeunemreh s, or lbiB e pretni r noitate , ttes i gntrof h the aer l C h sir t of ht e lbiB e na d ahw t i t is to raeL n ht e Ch sir t of ht e .elbiB

If of r ec d to s ele ct wt o v re ses rf om the B lbi e to r pe r se ent a s ni gle f uco s of r HT E EL A NRSIRHC T EMMOC N YRAT , it luow d vah e t o be Ep naiseh s .12,02:4

uB“ t uoy evah ton os denrael ,tsirhC fi ni d dee uoy ha ev eh ard Hi m na d ah v e bee n t gua ht by ,miHas ht e turt h is in .suseJ .. ” ehpE( s nai s ,02:4 21 )VKJN

22

eL t u s f ca e up to r ilae t ei s : Even as mos e ruhc c ebmemh rs in ht e ch cru h at pE h use s, ht e hcruhcrehw e ht e opA s lt e uaP l ah d erobal d ht e lo tsegn , had on t llaer y raeh d C sirh t na d had no llaer y neebhguat t by rhC i ts , eve n so nam y rom e in remA i ac n uoigiler s ro g zina a oit ns, h iva ng lesser l dae ers aht n luaP

na d ,tsirhC evah ton draeh tsirhC na d ah ve on t eeb n t hgua t b y Ch sir t. ( oY u liw l rael n rom e oba ut sihtucof s ).retal hgiR t won , we een d to taler e ht e eiverP“ w of ht e ”elbiB , ht e cejbus t of iht s srif t ,retpahc

to aht t sucof . hT e ialc m is aht t ht e rots y of ht e lohw e lbiB e is etamitlu ly a rots y uoba t ht e gninraelof Ch ir st. If you look at ht e niltuo e of ht e lbiB e woleb , oy u liw l citon e ht e epsoG l of hC r si t as rebmun8 of ht e telpmoc e 12 of ht e cejbus t niltuo e of ht e iB b el . oY u liw l sla o if nd Ch ir st od m ani t ni g or m na

aremun ls na,11,01,5,4 d 12 as lew l as an tni e arg l s cejbu t ettam r of cae h niltuo e ivid s noi . hT e osaer n ismis p el : the iB ble is a ts ory uoba t ht e roL d eJ sus hC r tsi ! And if oy u ‛nod t rael n tsirhC , ht e sirhC t fo

ht e lbiB e na d ht e irhC st of oG d ht e ehtaF r, ht e otaerC r of ht e esrevinU , eht n oy u do on t rael n eht!elbiB

buS j ce t uO t nil e o f ht e B i .elb .I gniviL ehT doG fo eht gniviL

II . giR h ensuoet ss of oG d na d M naIII . hT e opmoC s ti e entiW ss of the elbiB

VI . doG , Man na d ht e oS n of naMV . The rruseR e noitcIV . iW s od m From doGIIV . hT e Go ps elIIIV . inetsiL ng roM e I natropm t ahT n S ecifirca

IX . What Happened to the J we s as the Chosen n ta ion?X. hT e S itavla on of doGIX . hT e New niK g of Is learIIX . hT e iviL ng oG d tnaW s rehtO s to eviL

What is nizama g is aht t ht e lohw e lbiB e of 66 skoob , 39 in the lO d nematseT t na d 27 in ht e N wetnematseT , ac n be eniltuo d ednu r 12 ojam r bus j stce ! I liw l let l oy u up norf t hw y aht t is sop s :elbi

aceb u es of ht e lO d nematseT t etouq s in ht e eN w tnematseT , na d suaceb e ht e eN w nematseT t rp o sediveht reporp erpretni t noita fo t esoh dlO atseT m tne ouq t .se

-2 1 : HT E IL V NI G GOD OF HT E IL V GNII . doG , naM , na d raM r .egai

1. eneG si s :1 2 72,6 , ttaM hew 4:91 , na d M ra k .6:01)1( . eL t US kam e am n i n OUR gami e kaepseb s of ht e tilarulp y o f oG d nirud g ht e emit

of oitaerc n.)2( . nI ruo mi a eg dna a retf ruo il k ssene llet s o f mos e of ht e olg ry of am n aht t ud r gni

aerC t oi n aw s ca q eriu d rf om .doG

32

( )3 . hT e oinimod n of am n evo r la l the ehto r krow s of Cr oitae n llet s of ht e riF stissimmoC on of am n t o be a eenoip r in ht e xe p oitarol n na d tnoc rol of ht e krow s of C .noitaer

)4( . hT e lbiB e er f ere s to am n as lam e na d f lame e so aht t in ram r gai e lam e na d f e elamemoceb s a moc p emil n nit g uoc ple of am le na d ef m ela . ahT t is ht e aw y oG d o ir g lani ly rc e eta d t meh ; dna

in ram r gai e aht t is ht e aw y He dnetni s of r it to eek p niog g nidrocca g to suseJ , na d letulosba y no nosrepis to vah e na y rap t i n ht e oitarapes n of soht e wt o cihw h oG d ah s enioj d .rehtegot

2. eneG si s ,7:2 24 I , Cor 54:51 , M ehtta w 5:91 , I oC r 61:6 , na d M ra k .8,7:01)1( . orF m eG n :2 7 we rael n th ta : a( ) oG d taerc ed am n llacisyhp y f or m temos h ni g taht

daerla y e tsix ed, orf m ht e tnemele s of ht e htrae ; b( ) As far as ht e lautca l ixe s cnet e or rawni d sp tiriof am n t ah t c ma e orf m oG d rb e nihta g tni o mih eht erb a ht fo ;efil a dn )c( htiW ht at tirips fo efil osla

am n maceb e a ivil ng so .lu)2( . orF m eG n 2:2 4 we rael n of ht e no e self h citsiretcarahc s of gairram e aht t oG d llits

etni nds na d has al yaw s i etn n ded , aht t no e en ss e pm has ezi d by useJ s na d ht e Ap eltso s in ht e New.tnematseT

( )3 . W lih e uaP l in I Cor 4:51 5 is me p nizisah g ht e fid f cnere e eewteb n the rif st adA m dnatsirhC ht e se noc d dA am, sla o ht e id f cneref e b eewte n ht e tan u ar l and ht e sp ri i aut l b ydo , ht e if rst m na

orf m trae h na d ht e ces on d orf m he neva , he la so tsartnoc s ht e ivil ng uos l na d the nivil g rips i .t.)4( sA a am n ed p tra s rf om ht e h suo e loh d of ih s ehtom r na d f rehta , nivaelc g to a fiw e ni

irram a ,eg eht wt o oceb me ni oG ds thgis sa eno hself M( a wehtt :91 5 6, dna kraM 10 ,7: 8 .)5( ) . So s uoire s i s ht is am t et r of oj i in n g tiw h oG d t ah t the B lbi e noc s edi rs hw en a nam

sah a ler a pihsnoit w a hti ah r tol ht a eh t oceb m se eno ydob w hti reh I( roC :6 1 .)63. eneG si s :5 1 2, , ttaM hew 4:91 , na d aM rk .6:01

( )1 . eneG sis :5 1,2 ier n of r ec s and dliub s on p er v uoi s rtcod ine as oG d llac s ieht r eman , elamna d mef a el , adA m.

II . oG d na d t he oG s .lep1. eneG si s 21 : -1 3 and naitalaG s .9.8:3

( )1 . With Gods call to Ab ar m to ona t eh r dnal , oG d g va e ht e ve e alr s nit g oc v ane nt of: (a)rF om bA r ‛ma s s ee d oG d ow uld kam e ht e gr ae t n ita on of sI r lea ; (b) T rh o gu h ih s see d C rh ist the n ema

of A arb m luow d be aerg t; na d c( ) guorhT h arbA m la l ht e limaf ies na d noitan s of ht e trae h luow d ebselb s .de

t o A arb h ;ma

( )2 . uaP l etirw s in naitalaG s ,8:3 9 :tahta. W eh n oG d ias d I“ n eht e lahs l la l noitan s be selb s de ” oG d aw s nihcaerp g ht e soG p le

b. This la l noitan s naem t ht e itneG l se , or ehtaeh n cihw h is ht e tirovaf e row d of ehtelbiB rof G litne e ;s

c . hT is soG pe l is uj s oitacifit n ht r guo h f htia ; dnad. All elitneG s na d weJ s hw o veileb e in irhC st emoceb s eht dees fo harbA am hguorht

.htiaf

42

2. eneG si s 51 : 6,5 , namoR s 81:4 , na d J ema s .32:2( )1 . In iseneG s :51 5 oG d eifitnedi s aht t ht e s ee d of A arb m liw l be as uoremun s a s eht

rats s of ht e yks , na d in eneG sis :51 6 cnis e aharbA m eileb ved oG d liw l He ias d iht s t eh belief wastnuoc ed rof oethgir u .ssens

( )2 . In nitouq g S“ o lahs l uoy r ees d eb ” orf m iseneG s in namoR s 1:4 8, uaP l ezisahpme s wohaharbA m eileb ved in oh pe sniaga t h po e aht t he luow d eedni d be ht e f ehta r fo ynam na snoit al hguoht

eh dah at eht it m on e .snos( )3 . hT e opA s lt e emaJ s in emaJ s 2:2 3 etaretier s oh w ht e tiaf h of bA r aha m aw s detnuoc

as ri thg e suo n se s, nidda g aht t A aharb m aw s ellac d the f r nei d of .doG3. eneG si s 71 :5 na d namoR s .71:4

(1). As oG d ch gna es the an me of Ab ar m to A arb h ma , He yas s “A htaf er of nam y itan o snvah e I am de eht e .”

.)2( luaP sllet su ni moR a sn 71:4 taht ht is etouq morf G sene is :71 5 t slle su wt o sgnihttuoba iH doG m :fles

a . oG d i s a -efil g nivi g doG ; dnab . God i s a oG d aht t ac n lac l tni o xe i cnets e ahw t id d on t p uoiver sly .tsixe

III . oG d o f ht e iL v gni , uo r ehtaF r in .nevaeH1. eneG si s 81 : 1-21 4 na d raM k .72:01

( )1 . oG d ot ld maharbA dna Sa har taht hguoht dlo dna irts c nek ni ey a sr yeht w dluo ha eva son, a nd when Sarah l ua ghed God s ia d, Is any thing too hard for the LO ?DR

)2( . useJ s in raM k 2:01 7, on t in ht e mas e xetnoc t ub t w ti h a esarhparap of ht e emasninaem g, klat s of s itavla on as la l niht gs ra e op s lbis e tiw h oG d .

2. eneG si s :22 18 na d aitalaG ns .61:3( )1 . lA l tan i no s liw l b e elb s es d tiw h s avla t oi n ht r uo gh the s ee d of A arb h .ma

)2( . ahT t Seed i s si ugn l ra , the eS ed i s rhC i .ts3. eneG si s :83 8 and raM k 1 .91:2

( )1 . J adu h lot d amO n to siar e up erdlihc n to ih s b ehtor r Er ohw m oG d ah d .nials)2( . When ht e eecuddaS s hguorb t up ht e ettam r of nisiar g erdlihc n by a eid d srehtorb

efiw na d as to hw ose fiw e she wo lu d be in the r se u rr e itc on, Je us s lot d ht em ht at ahw t aw s tnatropmiaw s aht t oG d aw s ht e oG d o f the gnivil , ht e oG d o f the nivil g maharbA , Is caa , na d .bocaJ

4. doxE u s :3 6 na d kuL e 02 : .731( ). oG d lot d esoM s in ht e lac l at ht e ninrub g sub h aht t He was ht e oG d of esoM s ,rehtaf

ht e oG d o f A maharb , caasI , na d .bocaJ2( ) . Ab uo t ht e aed d ieb ng esiar d to efil , eJ sus etouq s esoM s na d udoxE s :3 6 oh w doG

is ht e oG d of A maharb , ht e God of I caas , na d ht e God of J boca ; na d tiw h ht e pme h isa s on oG d as hcaemit e oG d tiw h etaeper d tiw h A maharb , caasI , na d .bocaJ

5. doxE u s 1:9 6 and namoR s .71:9

52

( )1 . oG d has esoM s let l oarahP h that he ah s been up t on ht e th nor e of pygE t for owt :snosaer a( ) T o tartsnomed e ht e ewop r of oG d i n niruces g ht e odeerf m of learsI ; na d b( ) ahT t eht

man e of ht e nivil g oG d na d ht e oG d o f ht e nivil g hgim t be ced l era d evo r la l ht e .htrae( )2 . In nitouq g that in namoR s 1:9 7 na d in xe p ninial g ht e inaem ng in namoR s 81,61:9 , luaP

is nillet g us of oh w oG d is in ortnoc l of lrow d eve n st ; na d ahw t is pmi o natr t eod s not neped d on ehtliw l of am n or ht e vititepmoc e sen s o f nam , ub t ehtar r on ht e em rc y of doG , na d aht t mitlu a let y doG

iw ll m evah e ycr no w moh eH al eno .serised6. doxE u s 4:21 6 and hoJ n .63:91

.)1( ehT revossaP tsaef in emer m narb ce fo sdoG cser ue fo learsI morf naitpygE b egadnonoma g ehto r gniht s edulcni d aht t ht e lamb o f eht tsaef uohs ld ton evah a nob e o f ht e dob y br ,neko

a erid ct etouq fo w hcih we wi ll ees la ret ni asP l .sm( )2 . W eh n ht e A ltsop e J ho n in hoJ n 3:91 6 llet s of how at ht e xificurC ion of Je sus , dna

cnis e useJ s aw s la r dae y aed d c no t ar r y to uc s mot , on t a nob e in iH s dob y aw s nekorb , hoJ n is gnitouqorf m tob h udoxE s na d Ps mla s 02:43 . P( s mla s 2:43 0 is id r ltce y qu deto , na d ht e er f cnere e from sudoxE

21 :46 i s lc o es r t a o rap a sarhp e ).7. doxE u s :61 18 na d I I C iro n naiht s .51:8

( .)1 gniruD doG s us p lp y of ma nn a nirud g ht e 40 raey s in ht e iw l ssenred , soht e ohwerehtag d cum h had ton h ni g left over na d oht se hw o ag t reh ed lit lt e ew re not hu gn ry so aht t it saw

lpmoc e ylet yb eht ecarg fo a doG nd ca c gnidro ot t eh ividni d lau ne .sde(2) . uaP l uq o et s t ih s in II naihtniroC s to tartsulli e tilauqe y am no g naitsirhC s i n eht

ehcruhc s, or to ulli s tart e ht e comed r ita c rutan e of s .noitavla

2-2 : SUOETHGIR N SE S OF OG D AND NAM .I oC neT ehT m nam d .stnem

1. udoxE s 02 , kuL e 02:81 , raM k 01:7 , ehttaM w 83:5 , namoR s 9,8:31 , na d emaJ s .11:2( .)1 esehT era eht T mmoC ne a emdn n st ca c gnidro ot J suse dna eht .seltsopA

2 . xE o ud s 1:12 7 na d raM k 01:7 : sp nikae g ive l of ehtom r na d ehtaf r aw s noc s redi ed souoires s to oG d aht t soht e hw o id d cus h w re e to be up t to .htaed

3. E udox s 2:12 4 na d ehttaM w 83:5 : ednu r ht e al w it aw s to be fil e of r il fe, ye e of r eye , dnatoot h for toot h s ltaerg y id d oG d r e ceps t h amu n fil e na d raflew e na d sed ir e sI r ea l to do ht e s .ema

.4 sudoxE 23 :6 dna I ihtniroC a sn 01 7: : uaP l dnimer s Ch naitsir s at tniroC h on t to ebretalodi s eve n as ht e erdlihc n of Is ear l rew e lihw e esoM s aw s on nuoM t aniS i g nitte g ht e neT

mmoC a emdn n .stII . hT e waL s of a H lo y .doG

1. ucitiveL s 2-81:4 0 na d Hebr we s 9:22: not a paraphrase o a r quote, but rather i n Hebre sw2:9 2 uaP l mus m ira zes ahw t bl oo d uoc ld do in the wal s a dn ecnanidro s of ht e lO d tnematseT , eht

tcarp i ec s of cihw h veL i ucit s 2-81:4 0 is yt p .laci

62

is .yloH2. eL v uciti s 4:11 4 na d I teP er 61:1 : oG d re riuq es that iH s ep o lp e be loH y cnis e He Hi flesm

.3 citiveL us 5:81 , 61 dna laG a snait 3 :21: yna nosrep w oh serised ot l evi rednu t eh aL ws tsumefil yb k gnipee eht La .sw

4. eL v uciti s 1:91 2 na d httaM ew .33:5.)1( nI eseht suj t na d holy nemeriuqer ts of the aL w of tiveL i uc s cnis e “I am ht e ,”DROL

iH s man e is on t b e rows n by laf s le y nor p r nafo e .d)2( . tiW h iht s touq es na d a s a ats r nit g iop nt, eJ sus s ya s do ‛n t kam e any tao h at .lla

.III woH diD eht La w R dae d gniru eht ti fo em .suseJ1. kuL e 62:01 : nA“ d H e J( e us s) s ia d to mih , ̀ W ah t is rw i ett n in the L wa ? oH w does it r dae

to ?uoy ” )VSAN(2. eL v uciti s 1:91 8 na d kuL e 1 72:0 : (1) To L vo e oG d tiw h la l the h trae , mi dn , na d s luo ; na d )2(

oT ruoy evoL n robhgie sa oy u .flesr3 . L ucitive s 1 :8 5 na d kuL e 82:01 : nA“ d He ( suseJ ) ias d to mih , ` oY u vah e derewsna

yltcerroc ; DO SIHT , NA D OY U LIW L .EVIL ” N( A )VSETON : If oy u luoc d llaer y do iht s, eek p ht ese swal , oy u luow d vil e ete r .yllan

I V hT e waL s eJ sus maC e to F lliflu , on t eD s .yort1. L ucitive s 1 1:9 8 na d ehttaM w 34:5 : oY u vah e eeb n lot d to love uoy r bhgien ors na d tah e y ruo

imene e ?s2. Be il ke oG d ( httaM ew )54,44:5 : uB“ t I as y to evol ,uoy y mene ruo i ,se dna rp a rof y esoht

hw o tucesrep e oy u in edro r aht t oy u am y b e nos s o f uoy r ehtaF r hw o is in nevaeh ; of r He esuac s siHus n to sir e o n ht e ive l na d ht e doog , na d dnes s iar n o n ht e uoethgir s na d ht e uoethgirnu s. ” SAN( V)

3. naitalaG s 41:5 , namoR s 9,8:31 , na d emaJ s 8:2 : lA l ht e Law is ellifluf d in voL e of r ieN g robhsa .flesruoy

4 . veL i ucit s :02 9 na d Mark 1:7 0 w( ith udoxE s 1:02 2 na d ueD t )61:5 : cniS e in ht e aL w ehtnemeriuqer t to onoH“ r ehtaf r na d tom h re s ah s daerla y eeb n e s ehsilbat d na d etouq d eh re , it foll swo

osla on ht e ecnanidro s of ht e wal , or snoitacilppa , aht t soht e hw o sruc e tom her na d ehtaf r luohs d .eidETON : hT e isahpme s of useJ s in raM k 1:7 3 is aht t ht e uoigiler s ael d re s rew e niyrt g to etadilavni

eht droW fo doG yb rieht rt a oitid n .s5 . eL v uciti s 1:82 2 na d II Co naihtnir s 61:6 : oG d ised res a d cnitsi t or aiceps l p lpoe e gnoma

ohw m He ac n lewd l na d b e t ieh r .doGETON : In aiasI h 1:25 1 as etouq d in II iroC n naiht s 1:6 7 iht s is to be a aelc n na d tarapes e oep p .el

V. hT e aer l aw y to anrete l efil , to nemllifluf t of ir g suoeth n se s na d the swaL , is ht r guo h f tia h niht e C icur f oixi n of the oL rd seJ us Ch sir t of r ht e s ni s of ht e .dlrow

1. rebmuN s 1:9 2 na d hoJ n 3:91 6 dnimer s us aht t as etciderp d in the lO d nematseT t on t a b enoin ht e dob y o f hC r si t aw s ekorb n ud r ni g rC u .noixific

3-2 : HT E TISOPMOC E IW T SEN S OF HT E ELBIB

72

.I ropmI ehT t ecna fo iW t .sessen1. ueD t ore n mo y 61:5 , udoxE s 1:02 2 na d 21 71: , Le citiv us 9:02 , na d raM k 1:7 0 rehw e with ronoH

to tnerap s na d ht e al w of taed h tiw h d si h no or, J se us te hca es that ahw t is ni s di e man r hta er than tahwedisni seog mih si ilifed n .g

2. opmI r cnat e of nk o niw g ht e nammoC d tnem s: ueD t 2-61:5 0 na d raM k .91:01oY u know the c ammo n emd n st , DO NOT RUM D RE , DO ON T C IMMO T A D TLU E YR , DO N TO

TS E LA , OD TON RAEB ESLAF OD ,SSENTIW TON ARFED U ,D NOH OR REHTAF DNA HTOM E .RraM( k 1:01 9 )VSAN

3. ahW t mdnammoC ent is oF r some t ? raM k 82:01 -31 na d L uke .72,62:01( )1 . iF rst is HT E L RO D UO R OG D IS NO E L DRO , eD ut ,4:6 5 na d M ra k ,92:01 3 .02( ) . noceS d is oL ve gieN h rob , eL v 1:91 8 na d raM k .13:01

4 . W ro s ih p oG d lno y na d s e vr e miH : D etue r mono y 1:6 3 na d L ku e .8:45. hT e mi p cnatro e of a aiceps l pe lpo e to bear sentiw s to oG d nigeb s reh e na d nur s th hguor o tu

ht e lO d T e emats nt: eD u t :7 6 na d T i ut s :2 1 .46 . De monoretu y 3:8 , httaM ew 4:4 , na d kuL e 4:4 : aM n luohs d on t il ve by aerb d .enola

II . YAKO , OH W IS AM N TO ?EVIL1 . viL e by ninetsiL g to ahw t suseJ , ht e rP o ehp t aisseM h ah s to s ya : ueD t 91,51:81 , stcA

32,22:3 , na d A tc s .73:7etsiL n t o ht e opA s lt e Pe et r as he ehcaerp s nitouq g f or m ht e Pr ehpo t M eso s in retueD o :ymon

esoM s dias , hT‘ e roL d oG d lahs l ra si e up of r oy u a orP p eh t like me f or m your br hte r ne ; to iH m you sh llaevig eeh d in tyreve h ni g He s ya s to uoy . nA d it s lah l be aht t ve ery uos l that eod s on t h ee d aht t orP p tehlahs l b e lrettu y eyortsed d orf m noma g ht e elpoep . tcA( s 2,22:3 3 )VSAN

2 . Live by iL s ninet g to the et s nomit y of God ht e F ehta r to oG d the Son : raM k 7:9 , aarap p arh se of ueD t 1 1,51:8 9 e pecx t rf om oG d miH s fle , and a rid ect touq e in Ps la m .7:11

ehT n a uolc d demrof , ov niwodahsre g th me , na d a ciov e mac e uo t of ht e duolc , ihT‘ s is My leb o devnoS , etsil n to mih ! raM( k :9 7 )VSAN

3. viL e by iL s inet ng to o eht r ailer bl e na d t r rowtsu thy entiw s es s : ueD t .51:91nO e w senti s lahs l on t r si e up sniaga t a am n of r na y ytiuqini , or of r na y s ni , in na y sin aht t he

htennis ; ta eht m htuo fo two iw t ro ,sessen ta eht htuom fo rht ee wi ssent es, s ah ll ht e ettam r ebdehsilbatse . ueD( t 1:91 5 )VJK

)1( . ueD t 1:91 5 na d ehttaM w 61:81 : if uoy r b ehtor r nis s ag snia t oy u ub t sufer es to il s ,netkat e uoy r gr cnavei e to him awyb y of wt o or erht e sessentiw ; na d if aht t eod s on t row k kat e it erofeb

ht e acol l .hcruhc ( )2 . ueD t 1:91 5 na d II Co tnir h nai s 1 1:3 : Li ets n to the A p ltso e !luaP

ihT s is ht e ht ird time I am moc ing to you, E REV Y FACT IS TO BE C EMRIFNO D BY EHTNOMITSET Y OF WT O OR ERHT E ENTIW S SES . I( I Cor )1:31

.)3( tueD 51:91 dna nhoJ 1:8 7 : netsiL ot J suse !flesmiH

82

evE n in uoy r al w it ah s eeb n nettirw , aht t ht e nomitset y of wt o em n is eurt . I am He who sraebsentiw s of M lesy f , na d t he taF her hw o s ne t Me raeb s sentiw s of Me . ( hoJ n )81,71:8

4( ) . ueD t 1:91 5 na d I htomiT y 81:5 : iL s et n to ht e edle r of na y acol l cruhc h mas( e as ehtotsap r or sib h po ) r hgi t up to the op int that na y ucca s ita on ag nia st him ah s eb en es lbat ished in taht

col a ruhc l ch ta eht m htuo fo two ro eerht w .sessentiIII . oH w Can oy u iL s et n to a C mmo on Cr imi nal Like Je us s of azaN r te h hw o aw s ruc sed in taht

He aw s egnah d or eificurc d on a ert e rc( o ss ) ? ueD t 2:12 2 na d naitalaG s 31:31. ueD t ore n mo y .22:12

nA d i f a am n h va e ettimmoc d a is n htrow y of htaed , na d he be put to htaed , na d ht ou nah g mih on a eert ; His dob y lahs l on t iamer n all hgin t pu on the t r ee , ub t t oh u sh la t in na y iw se bury him t h ta

of(;yad r he aht t is egnah d is esrucca d of ;doG ) aht t ht y nal d be on t delifed ; cihw h ht e OL RD ht y doGtevig h eht e of r an ecnatirehni . ( D ue t 22:12 ,23 )VJK

ETON : useJ s aw s rev y ailimaf r w ti h iht s oitrop n of ht e W ro d of God as He aw s tiw h la l of ehtdlO atseT m ,tne and w neh iyrc ng

My doG , m y oG d, hw y sah t oht u ekasrof n me a rc y of gr ei f om re tha n euq s oit n ni gHe k en w th taoG d ah d to rut n iH s cab k on cus h a ruc se on C irh st of r ht e s ni s of ht e lohw e .dlrow

2. naitalaG s .31:3LA L OF DOG S DROW S NA D ROW D IS UOIRES S NA D TO BE EKAT N LSUOIRES Y REHTEHWETTIRW N NI EHT DLO T TNEMATSE OR EN W TNEMATSET ! tsirhC eeder m de su morf eht esruc

of ht e waL , nivah g moceb e a sruc e of r us of r it is nettirw , ruC‘ sed is reve y one who ah ngs on a t .eeritalaG( ans 1:3 3 )VSAN

.)1( We rew e ruc sed by ht e aL w cnis e s nivirt g to vil e by eht m na d ht e er f ro e eek p ni g ht e ,mwe enk w evlesruo s to moc e af r s troh ; na d ht e rofer e uohtiw t aer l !efil

2( ) . eJ sus in ht e taed h on ht e orC ss maceb e a sruc e in uo r p .ecal .VI netsiL ot seJ us ylsuoires no a o wef t reh am t .sret

ETON : laicepsE ly fi uoy iht nk uoy w ere ton nu d re a esruc suaceb e of uoy r uliaf res to il ve up otht e aL w na d rofereht e id d on t een d of r sirhC t to moceb e a sruc e in uoy r !ecalp

1. ueD t ore n mo y 1:42 , httaM ew 13:5 , na d aM rk .4:01( )1 . D monoretue y .1:42

ehW n a am n tah h ekat n a fiw e t( his is not secen s lira y ht e aw y oy u ra e ruc s )de , na d eirram d ,rehna d ti oc me ot ssap taht ehs dnif on rovaf ni sih ,seye eb c esua he tah h nuof d mos e sennaelcnu s in ;reheht n el t ih m tirw e eh r a lib l of vid o tnemecr , na d ig ve it in eh r dnah , na d nes d her uo t of ih s h esuo . dnAehw n hs e is etraped d uo t of ih s esuoh , hs e am y g o na d be ehtona r man s efiw . ueD( t ,1:42 2 )VJK

( )2 . ttaM hew .13:5nA d it aw s dias , ohW‘ e ev r id v ecro s ih s efiw , el t him vig e h er a fitrec i tac e of imsid s las ; ub t I yas

to oy u that reve y one hw o ecrovid s ih s efiw , ecxe pt of r the suac e of ytitsahcnu , ekam s eh r timmocyretluda ; and eveohw r eirram s a ecrovid d w amo n moc m ti s yretluda . taM( t 13:5 ,3 2 )VSAN

( )3 . raM k 1 .4:0

92

nA d mos e rahP i ees s mac e up to Him, tset ing H mi , and eb gan to euq s oit n iH m wh te her it sawufwal l of r a am n to id v cro e a efiw . And He erewsna d na d as id to t meh , What id d esoM s nammoc d ?uoy

ehtdnA y dias , esom s ettimrep d a am n to tirw e a tacifitrec e of crovid e na d s ne d eh r yawa . uB t suseJias d to meht , suaceB‘ e o f uoy r sendrah s of raeh t he torw e oy u iht s nemdnammoc t . uB t rf om eht

ninnigeb g of oitaerc n, oG d dam e eht m lam e na d elamef . oF r this suac e a am n s lah l vael e ih s ehtaf r dnarehtom , nA d the wt o s lah l moceb e no e f hsel ; noc s ltneuqe y eht y ra e no nol ger owt , ub t no e lf esh. W tah

rofereht e oG d ah s enioj d rehtegot , el t no am n etarapes . raM( k -2:01 9 )VSAN2. tueD e nor omy -3:52 5 , I Co tnir h nai s 9:9, na d I Ti htom y .81:5

.)1( eB tsuj in mgduj ent in t ah t the up n mhsi ent oc r er s nop d tiw h ht e oiv l noita ; d ‛no t um z elzht e ox as he daert s the nroc , na d el t a br ehto r r sia e up ch erdli n to his aed d torb h re s .efiw

)2( . It aw s w ettir n of r uo r ekas s rom e aht n of r ezo n i n edro r aht t ht e ekrow r may krow iw t fo epoh h wer a dr rof sih w .skro

( )3 . hT e edle r (p otsa r or ohsib p) aht t krow s h ra d at nihcaerp g na d nihcaet g hs o lu d eviecersiwekil e lbuod e nepmoc s .noita

3. tueD e nor omy 6:52 , Luke 83,82:02 , and raM k 1 .91:2( )1 . uoY r aed d b tor h re s man e is on t t o asid p aep r rf om sI r .lea

ETON : hW y luohs d ht e anrete l wal s of oG d be so oc n enrec tuoba d t sih eno elgnis na em fo aehtorb r hw o eid d feb ore he luoc d h va e na y dlihc r ne . Af et r la l ht e sal t man e of ht e aed d eldlihc ss dna

ht e torb her luow d be ht e s !ema)2( . nidroccA g to useJ s it is rom e natropmi t to zilaer e aht t in h evae n eht re is no ,egairram

rehtar m era ne li ek eht an ;sleg dna taht m od ne ton d di w eveileb oh in doG a dn tsirhC kil e Ab ar h ,macaasI , and bocaJ , b suace e eht y ra e s lit l ila ve tiw h the iL v ni g God ! (L ku e 3,82:02 8 na d raM k )91:21

ETON : hT e aer l ecnoc rn is aht t na y nam s na em , ila as lesmih f na d ih s aer l ecnetsixe , toneppasid ar morf eht te e lanr rsI a le fo oG ds elpoep laer fo b gniveile J swe a dn neG t !seliV. siL ten la so to a few ehto r rettam s rf om ht e A op s lt e uaP l in ht e oW rd of Go !d

1. tueD e nor omy 2:72 6 na d alaG t nai s 3: .01( )1 . uC r es d is ve ery man that does on t noc f ri m all the wal s of oG d by od ing all of ht e !m

)2( . noN e ac n lurt y be eifitsuj d by ht e aL w, lno y b y .htiaf2 . D etue r mono y 1:23 2 na d I oC r htni i na s 10 .02:

( )1 . hT e ROL D oG d led I s ear l na d t eh ir aw s no s art nge g do s oma ng th .me2( ). hT e tneG i el s ircas f ci e to nomed s on t to doG , na d ht e Ch aitsir n is to vah e n o rap t in siht

pihsrow fo d .snome

-2 4 : DOG , NAM , NA D HT E OS N OF NAMI . oH w oG d laed s tiw h em n na d tiw h em n T h guor h C !tsirh

.1 emoS tnedive sgniht oba ut doG in eht elbiB fo dna boJ lasP m .s)1( . oG d ac n do eve r nihty g na d tyna h ni g uohtiw t na y noitatimil s to iH s p ewo r in evaeh n dna

on .htrae

03

)2( . oG d wonk s reve y hguoht t na d reve y oitca n of reve y am n o n .htrae(3). God tricks the wise men in their wo n dohtem s of enitfarc ss kil e an luda t niyalp g htiw

yot s na d rdlihc e .n4( ). oG d tlaxe s ht e h lbmu e in iH s is g th . ehT y can b e down na d uo t and lits l oht ugh h elbmu

in ht e yaw s o f ht e lrow d on t ecen s liras y be h lbmu e in ht e s hgi t of doG , na d it is even edrah r of r ehtup na d uo t to be lbmuh e in doG s hgis t of r ht ey surt t in ieht r wo n cir he s or f aicnani l .ytiruces

.2 31:5 boJ dna I iroC n snaiht 3 :91: c doG a sehct eht w esi ni rieht wo n tfarc i .ssen3 . oJ b 2:22 9 na d emaJ s 01:4 : oG d tlaxe s ht e h .elbmu4. oJ b :24 2 and raM k 1 .72:0

( )1 . oJ b :24 2.ehT" n oJ b na s erew d ht e ROL D, na d ias d, I know ht at thou ca sn t do e ev ry th ni g, na d aht t no

hguoht t ac n be iw thholden from thee. Who is he that h di eth counsel iw thout kn wo ledge? eroferehtevah I derettu taht I un dootsred ;ton iht n sg ot o now d fre ul of r em , cihw hI enk w not. H rae , I seb e hceeeht , na d I iw ll kaeps : I liw l named d of eeht , na d d ralce e oht u tnu o em . I vah e raeh d of eht e by eht

niraeh g of ht e rae : ub t no nim e eye tees h eeht . rehW e rof I e ohba r sym e fl , na d per en t in sud t dna .sehsa " oJ( b -1:24 6 )VJK

( )2 . raM k 1 .72:0ETON : WT O SOM T OPMI R TNAT AND F NU D MA E TN AL DO IRTC NES OF ALL THE B BI LE A ER

ES T TROF H H ERE : )1( EHT REWOP FO ,DOG GNIHTON SI PMI O ELBISS ROF ;DOG DNA 2( ) OHWEHT N NAC EB VAS ED NIS CE IT IS SO LUCIFFID T OF R A UOIGILER S NA D LEW L HSILBATSE ED

EDAEL R IN TEICOS Y TO BE ?DEVASnA" d seJ us, ol o nik g ar dnuo , s ia d t o His id s elpic s, oH w ah rd i t liw l be of r soht e hw o ra e aew l yht

to etne r the odgnik m of doG . And ht e icsid p el s rew e ezama d at iH s sdrow . uB t eJ sus erewsna d niagana d ias d to meht , C nerdlih , how rah d i t is to en et r ht e odgnik m fo !doG tI is reisae rof a c lema ot og

hguorht ht e ye e of a ldeen e aht n of r a hcir m na ot ne t re eht gnik d mo fo oG d. ,yhW( aceb u es som t foeht m kilnu e oJ b ac n on t ,yas ferehW‘ o er I rohba m ,flesy and tneper ni d tsu dna ).sehsa nA d eht y ereweve n rom e otsa n ehsi d na d s ia d to miH , ehT‘ n hw o ac n be s deva ? nikooL g u op n ht em, useJ s s dia , htiW

em n it is lbissopmi e, tub won iw th ;doG rof a ll iht n sg ra e lbissop e tiw h .doG " raM( k 2:01 3 2- 7 )VSANTON E IAGA N : I F N O EHTO R EUQ S NOIT S RA E A EREWSN D I N IHT S KOOB , EHT

NESSE T AI L NA D MOST ES TNES IAL EUQ S IT ON AHT T SUM T BE EWSNA RED IS T AH T OF EHTELPICSID S TO SUSEJ , HW O NEHT NAC EB ?DEVAS DNA WH RE E WE TS ART IN HT E SER T FO

IHT S OOB K TO AN WS ER HT AT UQ E OITS N IS W TI H THE I MM E ID ATE RE LP Y OF EJ S SU , W HTIHT E EWOP R OF OG D T O OHW M NIHTON G IS .ELBISSOPMI

II . oG d ht e otaerC r na d ehtaF r ol oks at nam , nem , na d eht n ifitset es to .nem1. oG d ht e otaerC r eciton s that ht e elitneG s gar e niaga st iH m na d aht t ht e p lpoe e of learsI

nigami e a iav n niht g na d ht i gn s uoba t H mi : Ps la m ,1:2 2 na d tcA s .62-42:4

13

2. oG d the ehtaF r ah s eerced d na d te eifits d in the B lbi e as ew ll as at ht e itpab sm of seJ usin ht e pr se e cn e of am ny as ht e vo ci e c ma e f or m aeh ven t ah t suseJ fo zaN a hter ,si w ,sa na d is iH s :noS

lasP m :2 7 , httaM ew 1:3 7 na d 5:71 , H werbe s :1 5 na d 5:5 , II eP ter :1 17, na d aM rk .7:9( )1 . lasP m 2: .7

"I iw ll ced l era eht d :eerce t eh DROL hat said tnu o me, ohT u ra t my Son; iht s ad y h va e Iettogeb n .eeht " lasP( m :2 7 )VJK

( )2 . httaM ew .71:3nA" d etfa r nieb g dezitpab , useJ s new t up mi m letaide y orf m ht e w reta ; na d eb h dlo , ht e aeh v sne

rew e denepo , na d he as w ht e iripS t of oG d nidnecsed g as a evod , na d nimoc g opu n miH , na d heb o dl , aciov e uo t of ht e eh a ev ns, s iya ng, Thi s is My leb o ev d oS n , in ohw m ia am lew l .desaelp " ( taM t 71,61:3

)VSAN(3). httaM ew .5:71

nA" d eteP r rewsna ed na d as id to Je us s, oL‘ rd, it is og od of r us tobe he er ; if oY u hsiw , I liw l ekamth er e nrebat a ,ereh selc eno rof Yo ,u dna eno rof ,sesoM dna eno rof jilE a .h elihW eh was its ll

gnikaeps , a hgirb t uolc d o ev r dahs o ew d meht ; and heb o dl , a ciov e uo t of ht e duolc , s gniya , ihT‘ s is yMevoleb d noS , tiw h w oh m I am w desaelp-lle ; aeh r !miH " ehttaM( w ,4:71 5 )VSAN

ETON : ahW t oG d adds in His wo n nomitset y to useJ s as erapmoc d to ht e nart s oitarugif n retfaa mis i al r tset i nom y at t he ba sitp m is AEH R IH M . uaP l id d not aem n in Ep eh s nai s 4: 2,02 1 aht t ekil

reteP , semaJ , na d derdnuh s of to h re s oy u ah d to be reht e p llacisyh y as eJ sus thguat . ahW t he tnaemaw s aht t th uor gh ht e leh p of ht e iripS t o f oG d oy u sum t es e na d hear orf m yo flesru , rep s yllano . sihT

is ht e ek y to hw o ac n be as v de ! By il s ninet g to useJ s na d His drow s of !efil4( ) . He werb s 1 .5:

oF" r to cihw h of ht e legna s id d He eve r s ya , ohT‘ u ra t My Son, adoT y I vah e be ettog n th ee ? dnAniaga , ‘I w li l be a ehtaf r to miH , na d He lahs l b e a oS n to ?eM " werbeH( s :1 5 )VSAN

5( ) . He werb s :5 5."So sla o Ch ir st id d on t lg o ir fy Hi sm elf so as to b oce me a h gi h pr ei st, but He hw o s ia d to ,miH

hT‘ ou ra t my S on, T do ay I have geb o ett n "...eehtETON : ihT s is ht e if rst mit e in iht s lbiB e duts y of ht e orp g visser e er v noitale s of ht e lbiB e morf

iseneG s to hcalaM i aht t w e vah e e n eretnuoc d eJ sus as the aerg t high p r .tseitsuj..." as He yas s sla o i n ehtona r egassap , ohT‘ u ra t a seirp t everof r nidrocca g to ht e edro r fo

.kedezihcleM " werbeH( s :5 5, 6 )VSANTON E EUNITNOC D: nA d we liw l moc e to iht s s noce d touq e in rbeH ews ,5:5 6 ehw n we eg t in eht

rp o erg s ois n to Ps la m .6:0116( ) . II eteP r .71:1

voeroM“ er I liw l ovaedne r aht t ye am y be lba e etfa r my aeced se t o vah e ht ese niht g s yawla s niecnarbmemer , oF r ew ha ev on t ewollof d c lgninnu y esived d selbaf , ehw n w e dam e onk wn tnu o oy u eht

ewop r na d nimoc g of uo r oL rd useJ s C tsirh , but rew e ssentiweye es of his ytsejam . oF r he viecer edorf m oG d ht e ehtaF r onoh r na d yrolg , ehw n ht ere mac e cus h a v cio e to ih m orf m ht e nellecxe t olg r ,y

23

ihT s is my be ol ved Son , in ohw m I am lew l aelp s de . And ht is vo ci e cihw h mac e rf om aeh ven w e he ,draehw n we rew e w ti h ih m ht e loh y tnuom . I( I eteP r 1-51:1 8 )VJK

ETON : So aht t ht e opA s lt e eteP r in nitirw g of r a pe amr n ne t cer ord add s his own et s mit ony saa w ssenti ot seJ us htiw eht wi ssent fo doG t eh rehtaF and taht fo suseJ esmiH l !f

7( ) . aM rk .7:9ehT" n a lc oud f mro ed, ov re s dah o niw g t meh , na d a v cio e mac e uo t of ht e duolc , ihT‘ s is My devoleb

noS , etsil n to ‛!miH " raM( k :9 7 )VSANETSIL N TO MIH , USEJ S OF HTERAZAN , HT E EVOLEB D OS N OF !DOG

3. oG d ch esoo s em n na d yaw s sel s e emeets d noma g em n as af r as utats s in redro ot er c evienoH or na d P r sia e to iH s eman : Ps la m :8 2 na d aM t eht w .61:12

III . W ah t aC n oG d let l us uoba t ruo s evle s as em n na d ?nemow1. lasP m 8: 4,3 : ehW n we edisnoc r ht e dutingam e na d sentsav s of la l aht t oG d etaerc d in eht

revinU se, oh w in ht e lrow d ac n He g vi e nim d to a lttil e am n and noyeb d aht t v isi t am n on the tenalptrae h ht r guo h the sreP o n of ht e roL d eJ sus hC r ?tsi

2 . lasP m 6,5:8 : ahW t eod s oG d llacificeps y niht k of am n b sa ed on ht e aw y He rc e eta d h .mi1( ) . oG d dam e am n a lttil e ol we r aht n ht e slegna , na d lacer l aht t iht s i s ht e ireneg c nam

of eneG sis of lam e na d f .elame)2( . oG d vag e onoh r na d rolg y to am n by nitaerc g ih m in iH s own gami e or ssenekil , na d doG

peek s that hguoht t rettap n in nim d i n la l iH s nilaed gs tiw h .nam )3( . oG d tsurtne ed am n tiw h la l ht e ehto r krow s of iH s noitaerC , nicalp g am n i n od m noini

evo r la l ht ese krow s of .noitaerC( )4 . oG d r rebmeme s .nam( )5 . oG d v tisi s .nam

3. beH r we s 6:2 : We sum t go noyeb d ht e pr rami y evel l of ninaem g uoba t aM n t o aht t ba o tuht e oS n of naM , ht e oL rd useJ s C tsirh , hw o in lesmiH f f elliflu d la l aht t oG d igiro n lla y naem t of r namna d rom e; na d oy u es e aht t in beH r we s 8:2

ohT" u sah t put la l gniht s in oitcejbus n rednu siH eef t. roF ni tcejbus i gn lla t sgnih ot ,mih eH tfelnihton g aht t is not cejbus t to mih , uB t on w we do on t ey t see al l things subjected t o him. " (Hebr swe

:2 8 )VSAN4. I oC r htni i na s 15 .72:

etnarG d aht t reht e ra e nam y ts o ir es, m na y c ah p et rs, v re s se , na d b koo s in the B lbi e; ub t ht e tot albus j ce t ettam r of r ht e acitcarp l esoprup s of Ch ir s ait n tiaf h ac n be s ezirammu d as tiaf h in doG , irhC s ,t

ht e loH y pS i tir , ht e B elbi , na d noitavlaS . eG t aht t na d oy u h va e uone gh t of the biB le of r li ef . ehTniwollof g tropmi a tn egassap pleh s to ilbatse sh ht e p neser t na d anrete l aler t ihsnoi p eewteb n oG d eht

ehtaF r na d C sirh t the .noShT“ e sal t mene y aht t s lah l be rtsed o ey d is htaed . For he h ta h up t la l niht gs ednu r h is eef t. tuB

ehw n he tias h la l gniht s re up t ednu r ti ,mih si finam e ts eh taht is etpecxe d, hw i hc did tup lla sgniht

33

dnu er h mi . dnA nehw lla t sgnih llahs be deudbus otnu ih m, neht ahs ll eht noS a osl mih s le f be bus j tcetnu o ih m aht t up t la l gniht s ednu r mih , ht at oG d am y b e all in .lla ” (I naihtniroC s 2-62:51 8 )VJK

( )1 . hT ere are s lit l s mo e e men ies us c h as taed h aht t ah s on t be etcejbus d to sirhC t as ehtoS n of naM , o r sirhC t as ht e L ro d o f evaeh n na d .htrae

(2). oG d the F hta er has eniadro d aht t la l in h evae n na d trae h be ednu r the eef t of irhC s ,tna d evaeh n is rla e da y th re e. Ma y oG ds liw l be don e on ae rth as it is in evaeh n as rom e lpoep e lits l no

trae h ra e s etcejbu d to ht e sdroL hip of J use s C .tsirh3( ) . oG d ht e ehtaF r id d not up t miH s le f in s oitcejbu n to the roL d eJ sus hC r .tsi

)4( . etfA r ht e noceS d nimoC g of Ch sir t ehw n nihtyreve g on trae h sla o emoc s ednu r theautca l ihsdroL p of eJ su s eht n useJ s liw l lesmiH f be etcejbus d to ht e OL R IHSD P of ht e .rehtaF

(5). oG d ht e taF her am y u letamitl y be la l in la l .VI . ahW t id d oG d if nd nirud g ht e mit e o f aD vid na d rofeb e ehw n He ekool d wod n from nevaeh

ot at k a e lc o es ta kool nam I( tcepsus w siht as dna si all eht it m ?)e1. lasP m 3-1:41 : 1( ) oG d nuof d loof s hw o ias d in ieht r traeh s aht t reht e is no doG ; 2( ) eH

nuof a d purroc t tinamuh y lbanimobafo e w kro s na d an cnesba e of niod g doog ; 3( ) ehW n He dehcraesiaga n noma g em n to see i f na y o f am n dnu e tsr ood na d s guo ht doG , He of und aht t eht y la l ah d dessim

ht e e ss e aitn l yaw , f nuo d f ihtli n se s, na d a cal k of iod ng go .do2. namoR s .01:3

A" s it is nettirw , ‘T reh e is non e suoethgir , on t even eno ; reht si e enon w tsrednu oh a ,sdn erehtis no e hw o es eks for oG d; lA l vah e rut ne d edisa , got e eht r ht ey vah e ceb ome selesu s; eht e i s no e ohw

eod s doog , rehT e is on t eve n .eno " namoR( s 1-01:3 2 )VSAN IHT S I S H MU A TIN Y W OHTI U T FA TI H AN D R SENSUOETHGI S RHT O GU H ,HTIAFTINAMUH Y UOHTIW T USEJ S !TSIRHC

5-2 : HT E TCERRUSER ION OF JE .SUSI . ahW t oG d did of r hC r si t the if r bts orn na d eht r ofe re ahw t He sla o d eo s of r la l aht t lliweveileb in tsirhC sa eht es c !snrobdno

1 . lasP m 1 1-8:6 1 : oG d is at my r gi ht ah nd; I eef l se ruc e na d zilaer e aht t h ono r liw l ebdeveihca ; ht e niap s of ht e self h ra e egaussa d by epoh ; oG d liw l on t vael e my soul i n h lle ; na d God lliw

on t olla w iH s loH y nO e to es e oitpurroc n ni eht ;evarg doG w lli wohs em eht ap t fo h tsalreve i gn efilrehw e in iH s cneserP e reht e is senlluf s of joy; na d at iH s hgir t nah d reht e is rusaelp e .reverof

ETON : hT e o ln y aw y useJ s luoc d calp e ht e ehtaF r on iH s r hgi t nah d na d la so be at ht e r hgi t dnahof ht e ehtaF r is of r ht e wt o to be nicaf g in tisoppo e noitcerid s ihw ch aw s urt e at ht e noixificurC

suseJsa eb c ema a esruc rof !su2 . A tc s 52:2 : etsiL n iaga n to ht e sentiw s of ht e ltsopA e eteP r as he pr ehcae d on ht e tsrif

yad fo Pe tsocetn a retf eht rotsih i lac c gnimo fo eht Ho tiripS yl ni wop er dna uf l .ssenleM" n of Is lear , etsil n to seht e drow s: useJ s ht e enerazaN , a am n etsetta d to oy u by oG d htiw

elcarim s na d now d re s na d s gi ns hw ich God pe fr o emr d ht r uo gh Him in y uo r dim st, just as oy u ruoy s sevle

43

ihtwonk s naM , reviled ed up by eht tederp e denimr nalp and wonkerof egdel fo ,doG y uo ian l de ot a c ssorby eht sdnah fo og d ssel em n na d up t iH m to htaed . And oG d esiar d iH m up niaga , nittup g an ne d to eht

noga y od htaed , cnis e it was lbissopmi e of r iH m to be leh d in ti s rewop . oF r aD vid s ya s of H mi , ‘I sawyawla s nidloheb g ht e oL rd in my erp s ecne ; oF r He is at my r hgi t dnah , that I ma y on t be sh ,neka

roferehT e my h rae t aw s g al d and my eugnot xe u ;detl revoerom ym hself osla w lli a edib ni ;epoh ceb a esuoht u liw t on t naba don my uos l to dah es, nor olla w ht y loH y One to un red go yaced . ohT u sah t edam

kn wo n to me ht e w ya s of efil ; ohT u wilt m ka e me uf ll of gl da n se s w ti h thy serp e .ecn " (A tc s 22:2 - 82)VSAN

ETON : A araP p sarh e on ihT s S e omr n rf om retePhT e ltsopA e reteP s F sri t omreS n aw s arutan lly on useJ s of terazaN h retfa

he had enialpxe d w ah t ah d eeb n ees n as noitatsefinam s of ht e acirotsih l nimoc g of ht e loH y pS i ir t niewop r na d fu enll ss t o kat e the lp ace of useJ s on htrae , eJ sus letaidemmi y feb ore ivah ng As dednec

cab k to ht e hgir t nah d of oG d ht e rehtaF . riF st ahw t eteP r ah d lot d eht m uoba t ht e nimoC g of ehtloH y iripS t to kat e ht e calp e of useJ s tiw h a etouq a dn lpxe a noitan morf leoJ 2 -82: 32 stcA( :2 1 :)12-4

esehT em n hw o ra e sp nikae g on o eht r la egaugn s aht t so that la l em n erp s ne t reh e ac n aeh r in th rieegaugnalnwo , ra e not urd nk ; ub t i s aht t h tsi o acir l ev ne t p tcider ed by the rP o hp e t leoJ . It is tha t ta

the beginning of the last days, in other words right n wo , oG d liw l uop r out ht e nlluf ess of iH s Sp ;tirina d tiw h iht s nlluf ess of ht e pS i ir t liw osla l oc m :e )1( A erom w daerpsedi dna de rcom a cit kn wo l egde

of doG orht u hg ht e aerpsediw d pr cnese e na d p ewo r of iht s iripS t as nuoy g na d dlo , s navre t na d f ,eerem n dna w nemo er c evie ht e tiripS ; 2( ) porp h ce y iw ll sla o moceb e rom e ed m itarco c as etsartnoc d to eht

porP h te s in ht e B lbi e hw o torw e S tpirc u er s of the Ap ltso es o f ht e New ematseT nt; 3( ) lA l this lliweppah n eewteb n iht s ninnigeb g of ht e sal t yad s na d ht e ne d of t mi e ehw n ht e lo d trae h oceb mes eht

en w trae h as ht e sun na d oom n ra e ut r en d tni o senkrad s at ht e ne d of emit ; na d 4( ) hT e los e dohtemof itavlas on orf m this igeb n nin g of sal t yad s t o this ne d of mit e liw l be taht

osohW" e ev r ahs ll call u op n ht e an me o f ht e roL d hs all b e evas d ".noceS d ahw t eteP r lot d meht ab tuo suseJ a dn vlas a :noit G do eht aF t reh evag

iH s wo n nomitset y of sentiw s to useJ s uorht gh selcarim , rednow s, na d ngis s aht t ivbo o lsu y ah d to emocorf m oG d na d cihw h useJ s rep f emro d as lew l as ht e v cio e aht t mac e rf om evaeh n at the sitpab m dna

oitarugifsnart n of suseJ . oG d id d iht s in uoy r itsdim n ht e sdim t of sI r ea l and i n the F ri st Ce utn r sayla l earsI l lew l wenk . eY t earsI l eificurc d useJ s on a eert , or ssorc , nikam g iH m a sruc e in ht e hgis t fooG d cihw h aw s llaer y ht e pr enimretede d alp n na d nkerof o gdelw e of oG d as we vah e ees n p etcider d niht e dlO T matse e gnol tn feb o er eht tsriF tneC u yr .D.A doG ni dro er ot pmoc l ete vlas a oit n and eht

nomitset y to iH s own oS n esiar d eJ sus up f or m ht e daed . oY u es e if He aw s His wo n ,noS dna eH wa ,sit aw s pmi o ss i lb e that taed h na d ht e arg ve luoc d loh d iH m itpac ve. An d kil e aD vid rw ote in sP a ml s asa oitciderp n of aht t cihw h was to moc e a nd as a erced e from oG d of ahw t aw s daerla y elttes d ni

evaeh n aht t r eniame d to be f lliflu ed on ae rth aw s that oG d luow d on t vael e C tsirh s uos l in leh l of r eromaht n erht e syad , aht t He luow d on t olla w ht e p acisyh l dob y of irhC st to us f ef r ceht o urr p nit g lfni u ecne

of the g r eva , and aht t as ht e F sri t rob n He luow d be er s erot d to il fe na d t he rP e cnes e of Go .d

53

II . ahW t oG d iw ll do of r tinamuh y nirud g ht e oirep d of mit e orf m ht e ninnigeb g of ht e sal t syadetfa r ht e necsA s oi n of C sirh t na d the ne d of ti !em

1. lasP m 1 2:8 5 na d taM t eh w 7:5 : oG d liw l selb s ht e em r ufic l by ig v ni g eht m em rc y selB s dera e ht e luficrem ; of r eht y lahs l iatbo n rem cy . )VJK(

2 . lasP m 1 4:8 9 na d amoR n s 9:51 : oG d iw ll aerps d ht e siarp e of iH s man e na d ht e an me fouseJ s noma g ht e neG t seli , na o eht r sa p ce t of ht e itarcomed c w ya s of oG d etfa r ht e nimoC g of ehttiripS ni uf l .ssenl

III . oN w we are in a oitisop n to natsrednu d useJ s rc y o f M“ y doG , my oG d why sah t uohtof r ekas n me ? ” of lasP m :22 1 na d ttaM hew .64:72

1. It is to be nu d re s oot d in ht e atot l co xetn t of Ps la m 22 cihw h trats s tiw h ht e noixificurCof useJ s na d ht e drow s of useJ s on ht e sorc s in :22 1 na d ne ds in 3-82:22 1 w ti h nemhsilbatse t of eht

modgnik fo tsirhC no htrae in sti luf l .ssen2. F sri t we hs o lu d zilaer e aht t hto er op r noit s of asP lm 22 r tale e ha ead of mit e ev tne s tuoba

ht e ficurc i noix sa ht ey decreip eht sdnah fo hC r si t a nd as they sac t tol s of r iH s mrag e stn : mlasP-61:22 18 na d ttaM hew 53:72 , sla o hoJ n .42:91

3. lasP m :22 22 na d erbeH ws 21:2 : toB h eH , tsirhC , hw o eod s ht e gniyfitcnas , or nittes g trapaof hC r aitsi n in s itavla on, na d th so e tcnas i deif , aht t is ht e Ch naitsir s, ah s ht e mas e uos rce htmorf e enO

oG d ht e htaF er; na d ereht f ro e eJ sus as the riF s robt n is on t emahsa d to lac l ht e obdnoces rn irhC s snaitas hterb ren .

4 . So oG d ht e taF her enrut d iH s cab k on sirhC t ht e oS n aw s He aw s niyd g on ht e sorc s rofht e nis s of the dlrow , lihw e irhC s t aw s nieb g dam e a sruc e on ht e cr so s cihw h a r uoethgi s oG d uoc ldon t dnats ; na d to t ah t e etx nt oG d ht e aF t eh r ah d to f ro s ka e Him for t rh ee ad ys ca c ro d ni g to the p nalaht t eht y ah d dam e in ht e uoc n les s of tinrete y lihw e irhC st aw s on ht e orc ss nieb g dam e a esruc , dnalihw e hC r si t new t t o he ll , ht e raidemretni y p cal e etfa r taed h for oht se hw o do on t go letaidemmi y ot

nevaeh w ereh eH aerp c deh ot eht d irips dae t .sVI . hW o ehT n W li l eS e oG d na d Be vaS e ?d

1. sohT e hw o ra e vitisnes e ht e C cneicsno e of rehto s as lew l as ih s own aitsirhC n C ,ecneicsnoees k ni g t ieh r og od as lew l as ih s wo n og od : lasP m :42 1 na d I roC i aihtn ns .62:01

2. sohT e hw o vah e ecer i ev d a le llag y eralced d tirup y of raeh t guorht h itacifitsuj on by htiafna d an wni ard aitnetop l of tirup y of traeh orht u hg eht ad i yl ssecorp fo nas c cifit a ,noit a dn taht iw ll osla

ceb ome ht e rup e of raeh t tiw h telpmoc e der e oitpm n or firolg i oitac n at ht e oceS nd nimoC g of irhC s :tlasP m 3:42 -5 na d ttaM hew .8:5

3. ohT se hw o ael rn to love il fe na d see ol n eg v ti y of efil : lasP m 43 : 1-21 6 na d I eteP r -01:3 1 .2.4 esohT ohw do ton tegrof af i ht ni tsirhC dna ni t eh ificurC x noi fo tsirhC of r s oitavla n dna

gir h uoet s sen s: lasP m 3 2,91:4 0 na d J ho n 1 63:9 ; na d P s la m 1:53 9 na d J ho n 1 .52:5( )1 . In ht e icurc f oixi n eht y h eta d irhC s t uohtiw t a .esuac

( )2 . Not a nob e in C tsirh s dob y aw s ekorb n kil e the ossaP ver bmaL , ub t tar her ehw n siHdis e aw s eip r ec d uo t ewolf d oolb d na d retaw , ht e s gi n o f taed h by a ekorb n .traeh

63

-2 6 : ODSIW M ORF M DOGI . Two iK nds Re esnops / poeP l .e

1. eL t a am n sa k in f tia h na d uohtiw t a rised e to musnoc e it on ih s own tsul s i n edro r to tegodsiw m f or m oG d : rP o ev rbs 3:2 -6 na d emaJ s .5:1

2. iW s od m of oG d lcni u ed s di ics p nil e of ht e DROL : Pr evo rbs :3 12 na d H e werb s 1 .6:23 . T o turn nis ner orf m orre r o f w sya : revorP bs 01 :12 and J a em s 5 2: 0.

( )1 . S eva s a s uo l orf m taed h ; dna .)2( srevoC a titlum u ed fo .snis

4. moS e do ht e d eed of ieht r htaf er ht e ived l : rP o ev rbs 81 :4 na d oJ hn .83:7II . moS e iw se na d u n siw e re ps o esn s to .doG1. sohT e hw o vah e ht e gdelwonk e of useJ s eht n ruter n wot o yldlr gnatne l stneme a er ekil d sgo

uter r nin g to v timo : P or v bre s 1:62 1 na d II eP ter .22:22. To alp n on orromot w rapa t orf m ht e liw l of oG d i s f iloo sh: Pr evo rbs :72 1 na d emaJ s .31:43. ciR h f iloo s lh y f la l tni o pmet t noita s na d s n era s : rP o ev rbs 2:82 0 and I tomiT hy .9:6

III . nikaM g ‛efil s iced s noi s in mret s of ht e animret l nO e D .ya1. A etf r rt i oitalub n ht e sun na d oom n liw l be krad e den , the ats rs liw l laf l orf m nevaeh , na d eht

rewop s of h evae n liw l b e sh neka : E selcc i etsa s 1:21 -3 na d aM rk .42:312 . Then the eem k liw l i ehn rit ht e trae h : lasP m 3 1:7 1 na d M ehtta w .5:53. In erp p oitara n of r iht s en w lpoep e of ht e en w evaeh ns na d trae h oG d ah s pr edivo d a ,ydob

ht e dob y of C tsirh , as He took awa y rub nt fo f nire gs na d s firca i sec : P las m 6:04 -8 na d He werb s 1 .5:04. hT e siwnu e tae s aerb d at ht e lbat e of hC r si t ihw le ht ey fil t up th ie r h ee l aga i sn t H mi : Ps mla

:14 9 na d J ohn :31 1 .8VI . ‛doG s anretE l Wi ods m er sts in Ch .tsir

1. oG d the taF h re , Ps la m ,6:54 7 na d H werbe s 8:1 , s ya s of oG d ht e :noS( )1 . uoY r th nor e is f ero v re , O Go ;d( )2 . luR e o f uoy r nik g od m is ir g suoeth n sse ; dna( )3 . oY u vol ed ethgir o sensu s, etah d .ytiuqini

2. moS e s nemetat ts by C irh st eb f ro e dam e on ae r :ht( )1 . ehT y h eta d me tiw h uo t uac se : Ps la m :96 4 na d J ohn :51 2 .5

)2( . hT e orper a ehc s of oG d lef l o n me : sP alm 6 :9 9 na d oR m na s 15 .3:

7-2 : HT E LEPSOGI . hT e miT e F llani y .emac

1. irhC s t in elbarap s lot d eddih n iht n sg : Ps la m 42,2:87 , ehttaM w 53:31 , and hoJ n .13:62. hT e F ehta r rahc ge d to an leg s to rac e of r hC r tsi : lasP m 91 1: 1 na d M ehtta w .6:43. oG d nk ows ht e t uoh g th s of the siw e as niav : lasP m 49 : 1,11 2 and I Co tnir h nai s 3: .02

73

4 . hT is is ht e mit e to h ae r ht e vo ci e of God, not ah r ned ing the h ae rt : lasP m 1-7:59 1 dnabeH r we s 51:3 ; 7:3 ; na d .7:4

.II emoS ht i sgn eht doG Fa reht .syas1. Of The Son oY u are Eternal though the earth passes wa ay: Psalm 101:25-33 and Hebre sw

.01:12. Of na g sle , mi sin t re s na d a malf e of f eri : P las m :401 4 na d eH b wer s :1 7 .8,3. To Son, iS t on my r hgi t nah d un it l I kam e uoy r imene e s oy ur fo sto t loo : P las m :011 1 dna

beH r we s .31:14. That hC r si t is a p eir st of r eve r etfa r ht e o edr r of Me dezihcl ek: asP lm 110:4 and Hebr swe

:5 6 .12:7,III . leB i ve e and pS e .ka

1. oG d dam e J use s roL d na d C h sir t : sP a 1 :01 1 na d A tc s 43:2 , .532. II Cor :9 9 na d P las m 11 .9:23. II Cor 1:4 3 and lasP m 1 .01:614 . namoR s 1:51 1 na d lasP m .1:7115. lasP m 1 22:81 , taM t 24:12 , na d kuL e :02 1 .76. lasP m 1 2:81 6 na d M ehtta w .9:12

8-2 : ETSIL N NI G MORE IM ROP T NA T AHT N ECIFIRCASI . L tsi en to Go .d

1. L vo e of oG d na d bhgien or is na d al yaw s aw s in the Old eT s emat nt om re mi p ro t na t t ah n tnrubfo f nire gs na d s firca i sec : I eumaS l 1 2:5 2 na d aM rk .33:21

.2 oT netsil to tsirhC as roL d is rom e opmi r nat t aht n ht e el gal tnemeriuqer s of ht e htabbasyad : I maS ue l 1:12 ,6, kuL e 4,3:6 , aM rk 52:2 , na d \ ehttam w ,2:21 3.

3. ehW n oy u etsil n to oG d in ht e noitciderp s of ht e iB ble you ah ve to il s et n ciwt e as ah rd saht e oitciderp ns etfo n vah e lbuod e -gninaem - aht t si , a ediw r sp urtce m of ninaem g t ah n aidemmi t yle

vbo i uo s as eh re rehw e it pa p eil s to niK g moloS on na d iK ng eJ s su : II eumaS l 1,21:7 4 and hoJ n .24:74 . etsiL n to oG d lat k uoba t iH s own nanmer t of Is ear l ehw n He llet s jilE ha aht t He has

eser r ev d 00,7 0 of r lesmiH f aht t vah e on t ob wed ht e enk e to laaB : I niK gs :91 1 1-0 8 and namoR s .4:11 .II gninetsiL Si sng morf eht raE ly stehporP dna .suseJ

1. hT e iL s ninet g ngiS s of r ihT s oitareneG n is toB h nomoloS , oJ nah na d suseJas edrocer d in ht e lbiB e lihw e in ‛heviniN s oitareneg n it aw s ht e orP p eh t anoJ h na d in useJ s mit e it saw

iH m the rP o hp e t eM s hais : anoJ h -1:3 4 na d kuL e .92:112 . etsiL n to ht e A ltsop e P ete r on the rif st ad y of cetneP ost etfa r irhC s st

oisnecsA n as he etouq s orf m ht e rP ophet Joel to xe p ial n tob h ahw t ah p ep ned on that ad y, na d tahwluow d eppah n orf m iht s ht e ninnigeb g of ht e sal t yad s itnu l ht e ne d of emit : eoJ l 3-82:2 1 na d stcA

.12-61:2

93

1 . EVEOHW" R AHT T FA LL S ON IHT S NOTS E LUOHS D BE EKORB N, TUBON W HO M HT E S NOT E F LA LS IS D DEYORTSE ." ( IS IA AH ,41:8 1 7 AND MA EHTT W )44:12

2 . UB T USEJ S ELLAC D AN D SLLACRB E RHT E N HT E C DLIH REN AHT T OG D AH S IG VEN MIH : WERBEH S ;\2 13 NA D ASI I HA.71,41:8

3 UOHT . GH EHT REBMUN FO POEP LE NI HT E NATION OF LEARSIUOHGUORHT T EHT Y SRAE DNA MAHARBA NEEWTEB CH SIR T REW E AS HT E NAS D OF EHT

EROHSAES , YLNO A TNANMER FO HT O ES LLIW EB :DEVAS HAIASI 01 : ,22 23 DNA OR M SNA .72:94. OG D LRAE Y SOHC E HT AT IH S OS N LUOW D MOC E ORF M HT E YLIMAF

OF RBA A AH M AND NIK G D DIVA , EVEN R C IGNAH NG IH S DNIM RO ITNETNI O :N SI A AI H 1:11 - ,01HOJ N :7 42, AND MOR ANS 51 : .21

III . EARSI L AH D HT E SAME CIOHC E AS HT E ELITNEG S IN TAHT HC R TSI OC U DL EBEHTIE R A ENOTS FO ST GNILBMU DNA A KCOR OF ECNEFFO TO MEHT , O R EVEOHW R DEVEILEB

IN IH M NA D HT E OG D HW O NES T IH M LUOW D ON T BE SA H .DEMA1 . IF HT ERE IS NO L FI E ETFA R ED A ,HT TEL SU ,TAE RD I ,KN DNA EB

YRREM : SI A AI H 1:22 3 AND I TNIROC H AI NS .23:512 . At ht e noceS d nimoC g o f irhC st taed h liw l be ewollaws d up in :yrotciv

aiasI h :52 8 na d I C iro n naiht s .45:513 . lA l sI r ea l that aw s esohc n to be as ved lahs l be s deva : aiasI h :72 9 dna

namoR s 1 .72:14. eohW ver eileb ves in Ch ir st, Je w or Ge itn le, s lah l on t be as mah ed of taht

htiaf : aiasI h 1:82 6 na d namoR s 33:9 , sla o namoR s .11:01VI . ahW t oG d id d t o sI r ea l tnu il ht e t mi e of ht e f enllu s s of ht e G e elitn s is co telpm e .d

1 . God vag e eht m a s rip it of s rebmul : aiasI h 1:92 0 na d R o nam s 11 .8:2 . mitnaeM e ht e eJ ws eunitnoc d to hsrow ip oG d as if it aw s er al : Is haia

31:92 , taM t eh w 9,8:51 , and raM k 6:7 , .7(1) . W hsro i ep d tiw h pil s lihw e traeh s rew e s rehwemo e .esle

.)2( .pihsrow niaV( )3 . oW r ihs p esab d on the caet h gni s of men in the calp e o f the od c nirt es of .doG

3. oG d liw l ed s ort y ht e iw s od m of la l eht se siw e men occa r nid g to ht e yaw s of ht e ow r dl : Is haia1:92 4 na d I oC r htni i na s 1: .91

aiasI h 25-04

-2 10 : HT E S LA V OITA N OF DOGI . oG d ohc se ht e !emit

1 . F tsri , ht ere aw s hoJ n the itpaB st niyas g in tceffeIHT S IS HT E IT ME : Is aia h 3:04 -5 , ttaM hew 3:3 , raM k 1 3,2: , oJ hn 32:1 , and kuL e 3 .6-4:

04

2. It aw s bativeni le cnis e seht e gniht s rew e daerla y edrocer d in ht e roW d of oG d aht t t h yeluow d ah p nep : aiasI h :04 8 na d L uke ;\12 3 .33,2

(1) . Most to ah p ep n irud n g hC r tsi s g .noitarene( )2 . hT e er st on ht e if nal nO e aD y of the L RO D as ht e lo d trae h na d lo d nevaeh s sap s .yawa

3. hT e niM d of ht e ROL D maceb e ht e etanracni d niM d of irhC st: aiasI h 31:04na d \ i C iro n naiht s .61:2

II . oG d lesmiH f oot k ht e vitaitini e by nidnes g iH s wo n oS n to enalp t .htrae1 . ihT s is My B le evo d oS n , oG d as id of J use s of N teraza h : asI iah 1:24 - ,4

ehttaM w 71:3 , raM k 11:1 , ehttaM w 5:71 , raM k 7:9 , na d ehttaM w .12-81:212. oG d is af i ht ful but He liw l il s et n to the cr ei s of em n for s avla t oi n in a emit

atpecca ble to H mi : Is aia h 1:54 4 na d I C iro n naiht s .52:413. It is ni e iv t lba e aht t reve y enk e liw l tnulov ary on w na d tnulovni a lir y at eht

ne d of mit e b ow na d ihsrow p to ht e siarp e of doG : Is aia h 2:54 3 na d namoR s .11:41III . eM n liw l c ome from ht e uof r nroc er s of ht e trae h to row s ih p .doG

1 . eM n liw l come from on r ht , s htuo , ea ts , na d tsew : aiasI h 1-7:94 2 dnaehttaM w .11:8

.33,23:122 . He eva n and trae h liw l sap s yawa , on t Gods W dro : I aias h :15 6 na d L eku

3. elitneG s iw ll moc e in gral e rebmun s in tips e of ht e caf t aht t doG s man e saheeb n b psal h eme d oma ng ht em uaceb s e of ht e J e sw : asI iah :25 5 na d namoR s 2 .42:

4 . uaP l p hcaer ed lediw y ht e soG pel of hC r si t hw ere C irh st aw s on t ydaerlaeman d in edro r aht t soht e hw o id d on t pr uoive sly es e na d aeh r gim ht tob h see na d raeh : Is aia h 51:25

na d namoR s .12:51VI . hW o aH s B eile ved ht e opeR rt s f or m oG d?

1. To ohw m ah s ht e noitavlas , or ra m of doG , eb en er v delae : aiasI h 1:35 , nhoJ83:21 , na d R o nam s 10 .61:

2 . ohW dna woh ynam b deveile eht rim a selc fo eh a gnil sa Je sus took nosmiH el f the ni f timri i se : I aias h ,4:35 7 na d aM t eht w .71:8

3 . Who na d oh w nam y be veil ed ehw n John the aB p sit t am de ht e er p ,troeB" h dlo , the maL b of doG ..." ( Is aia h ,4:35 7 na d oJ hn )63,92:1

4 . hT e rg eat roper t of useJ s f or m ht e rc oss as He is dam e a animirc l dnaesruc rof nam k ,dni a dn ac idroc ng ot eht iderp c snoit fo the lO d eT s tnemat : I aias h 1:35 2 na d L eku

.73:22

11-2 : HT E EN W NIK G OF LEARSII . weJ s na d G e itn les as ci zit ens in the n ew nik g .mod

1. hT e eirramnu d vah e rom e erdlihc n aht t ht e deirram , ht e elitneG s vah e eromdlihc ren of oG d aht n ht e J swe : Is aia h :45 1 na d naitalaG s .72:4

14

2 . oN ne emoc s t o ht e htaF er pecxe t as ward n by ht e ehtaF r, na d lla t esohhw o ra e t hgua t by ht e taF h re : I aias h 1:45 3 na d J ohn .54:6

3. oG d vag e in ht e lpmeT e to ht e weJ s a suoH e of reyarP , but eht y ah d rut n deit tni o a ed n of ht i eve s by ht e mit e of seJ us : Is aia h :65 7 and httaM ew 1:12 3 na d L uke .64:91

4. lA l ht e tan ion of Is ear l aht t is r llae y ht e I ars el of the ch erdli n of God lliwbe as v de : Is aia h 2,02:95 1 na d namoR s .62:11

II . ahC r iretca s cit s of ht e eN w niK g of I ars e .l1 . hT e m gasse e to oiZ n is aht t your en w niK g emoc s ylkeem , nidir g on a

eknod y : asI iah 1:16 1 na d ttaM hew .5:122. useJ s lot d eht m in N teraza h of how ht e iripS t of oG d aw s opu n mih : Is haia

,1:16 2 na d kuL e 4: .81,71)1( . oG d etniona d iH m t o caerp h ht e epsog l to ht e oop r.

( A niK g se p ice a ll y of r ht e p oor poep l ).e.)2( oG d nes t iH m to rats t ht e er l ae se of pac t vi es, and to kam e p or v si i no s taht

ht e nilb d gim ht be lba e t o s .ee( )3 . To p divor e f odeer m of r ht e .neddortnwod)4( . oT ma ek a orP c al m noita as ot si nehw eht tpeccA a elb Y rae fo eht droL eht( tsal d )sya

aht t le da s to ht e O ne aD y of ht e ROL D na d .droL3 . ippaH n se s in iht s new odgnik m liw l moc e lno y to soht e hw o srif t mo nru

uaceb s e of ieht r libani it y to do it for ht e lesm v se : I aias h ,1:16 2 na d httaM ew .4:5II I . hT e hteM od of ezitiC n ihs p lnO y ahT t orF m doG , on doG s mret s as etatcid d in ht e Old

nematseT t na d dam e nedive t in ht e New .tnematseT 1. hT e eN w ihsnezitiC p nuof d of soht e hw o hguos t it on t or hw o ehcraes d ton

of r it ( )ecarg : Is aia h :56 1 na d namoR s .12,02:012 . Je asur lem is ht e c ity of ht e G r ae t niK g : asI iah :66 1 and httaM ew .33:53. hT e tsirhC , ht e ehporP t eM s hais , ob r n in eB t lh e meh , aciM h 2:5 , wehttaM

6,5:2 , na d hoJ n 24:7 , to :eb( )1 . A elur r of ht e ep o elp ; dna( )2 . A ehs p reh d of ht e ep o .elp

4. hT e rewos s of ht e lO d nematseT t na d ht e aer p re s of ht e eN w tnematseTliw l jer o ci e ot g ehte r in this New dgniK om : aciM h 1:6 5 na d J ohn .73:4

.VI dooG ehT sweN fo eht G lepso fo eht iK n modg erp a dehc yb .sregnessem1. oH w ew l moc e sorca s ht e aw y on ht e tnuom ain is ht e srif t hgis t of soht e ohw

moc e tiw h the oG s lep : N uha m :1 15 na d namoR s .51:012 . eY t som t do on t veileb e ht e er p tro , f iloo sh pe lpo e uohtiw t ht e tiliba y ot

es e or h rae : Je aimer h 2:5 1 na d M ra k .81:83 . oG d atse b sil hed a suoH e of eyarP r ub t ht e oitan n of rutlearsI ned it otni

a ed n o f eiht v se : J aimere h 1:7 1 na d httaM ew 31:12 , na d aM rk .71:11

24

tniroC h nai s .13:1

4 . Tr su t in .doG)1( . eveohW r stsaob , l et ih m bo sa t lno y in doG : eJ r me iah 2:9 4 na d I

( )2 . urT st lno y in doG : mereJ iah ,5:71 7 and I I Co tnir h nai s 1 .9:1

21-2 : HT E VIL ING GOD W NA TS HTO ERS TO EVILI . Go ‛d s ed s ri e af et r His o r anigi lly ohc sen tan ion of sI r .lea

1 . caR hel peew s of r eh r dlihc r ne : Je aimer h 1:13 5 na d httaM ew .81,71:22. doG s ised re to law k noma g na d lewd l in iH s wo n ep o elp : J aimere h :13 1 dna

II Co tnir h nai s 6: .81II . hT e ju ts , j itsu f dei , or gir h uoet s sum t live b y tiaf h in .doG

1 . iR g eth o nsu ess by tiaf h ; kkabaH uk 4:2 , aitalaG ns 1:3 1, na d amoR n s :1 1 .72. odgniK m of God ats rts out lams l t eh n g wor s al r reg : einaD l :4 9 na d kraM

.23:4III . hT e s fitcna ied na d g irol f ei d um st vil e by af ith in .doG

1. hT e igeb n nin g of firolg i oitac n is ehw n es e ht e oS n of aM n c imo ng in gr taeewop r and olg ry : naD iel 31:7 , M ehtta w 02:42 , and raM k 1 .62:3

2. hT e ne d of ht e idro n ecna s of the al w na d ht e lpmet e ihsrow p mac e gnirudht e bA o itanim on of eD s oitalo n of D leina , 8 0 A .D. : einaD l 72:9 , 13:11 , na d raM k 41:31 , na d httaM ew

.51:423. rofeB e ht e noceS d nimoC g reht e liw l be a mit e of oitalubirt n in cihw h neve

ht e h evae n s na d e tra h are fa f detce : D eina l 12 -1: 3 and raM k 1 .91:34 . oohS k o ln y ht e trae h rofeb e, ht e sal t mit e liw l kahs e trae h na d the

aeh v sne : gaH gai :2 6 na d H werbe s .62:21VI . iF nal eM s gas es to siD c elpi s na d t o A .ll

1. To icsiD p sel : do oy u on t ees , aeh r, na d re rebmem : kezE iel :21 2 na d kraM.81:8

2 . To siweJ h iler g uoi s edael rs : i n iav n eht y do row s pih : kezE ie l 3:33 1 and httaM ew .7:513. noiZ : y uo r King is imoC ng: airahceZ h 9:9 , ttaM hew 4:12 , na d John :21 1 .44 . C icur f rei s : eht y pag ed on Him ohw m they pi decre : airahceZ h 1:21 0 dna

hoJ n .73:915. selpicsiD : liw l kirts e od wn ht e rehpehS d na d ht e sh ee p liw l be sc retta e :d

eZ c rah iah 13:7 and M ark 14 2: 7.6 . caJ ob I ol ved na d E as u I h deta : calaM h i :1 2 na d namoR s 9 .31:

7 . hT e V o ci e of nO e C niyr g in ht e senredliw s HT E MIT E IS ON W : hcalaM i 1:2 0 na d wehttaM1:11 0 and raM k 1 .2:

S‛REDAER ETON S :

34

44

retpahC 3 : hT e lO d atseT m ne t A cc o idr ng to the weNtnematseT

I kil e to lac l iht s ht e NEW B LBI E. Not only rew e 2 7 b koo s edda d to ht e lO d nematseT t to kam e i a tlbiB e of 66 skoob , ub t sla o ht e lO d nematseT t koob s rew e dam e “ wen ” by ht e eporp r noitaterpretni

cer o edr d i n ht e eN w seT t ma e tn . slA o it aw s a eN w lbiB e es llaicep y of r ht e elitneG s a– t sael t a weNelbiB rof eht weN learsI fo weJ s dna Ge .selitn

It eog s w ohti ut as y ni g that to ool k at THE GR AE T EKAM R OF HIS ROT Y er q iu res a ol ok taih“ s ”yrot , in trap i uc lar the tsih ory o f the O ld T e ats m tne . nA d eve n as eewskciuQ“ p by ”setouQ , eht

nicneuqes g of ht e lO d nematseT t etouq s in ht e eN w nematseT t idrocca ng to lO d nematseT t h ,yrotsiis ht e ramirp y ot ol for v iwei ng the lO d T se t nema t occa r nid g to the N we , so se ev ral esnednoc d v oisre nsof lO d nematseT t tsih ory in ht e eN w matseT ent pr divo e a diug e nil e for uQ“ i eewskc p by uQ o ”set . owTin ap r ucit lar taht we wi ll kool ta ni ht is retpahc a er s‛nehpetS eeps ch ni stcA 7 na d ht e ev ry desnednoc

rammus y of lO d T e emats nt ih s rot y as gi ev n in ttaM hew .71:1S“ o la l ht e noitareneg s orf m aharbA m to ivaD d ra e etruof en eneg r snoita ; na d orf m aD vid litnu

ht e niyrrac g awa y tni o lybaB on ra e uof r eet n neg e snoitar ; na d f or m ht e rac r niy g awa y tni o olybaB n un otsirhC t ra e of u eetr n reneg a oit n ”.s

Now, oy u luow d vah e to imda t that if eve r oy u as w no e iht s is a ba ecnal d uo t nil e of ht e dlOtnematseT , eve n idulcni ng ht e tni e acilbib-r l pe oir d la l ht e aw y to ht e il fe of eJ sus hC r tsi . This eniltuo

of ht e lO d Te nemats t is a lab a cn e of s‛41-4 : aht t is reht e ra e 14 noitareneg s in cae h of ht e rojamoisivid ns ekram d by s mo e of ht e som t tuo s nidnat g eman s na d ev tne s of erbeH w tsih o .yr

I. bA r maha , the eb g inni ng of ht e H werbe s as the ohc sen tan ion of .doG .II ,divaD t eh dnoces K gni fo learsI ni eht la dn fo C aana n na d ht e f sri t aht t lurt y dam e eht

oitan n of earsI l a lrow d .rewopIII . hT e itpaC v ti y ednu r Ne azzendahcub r na d olybaB n tiw h ht e oitcurtsed n of eht--melasureJ

lpmet e na d ht e ytic - na- d ht e rac r niy g awa y o f la l ht e ed“ s selbaeri ” to B .nolybaETON : aimereJ h 29 1: 0 etsacerof d ht e tgnel h of aC p it v ti y as 70 aey rs. hT is ow uld em an th ta

ht e mixorppa a et ad te rof eht rtsed u noitc fo J lasure em si 685 .C.B osla( ht e mit e ht e sal t elixe s w ereekat n otni tpaC i ,)ytiv na d ht e mit e o f ht e er s oitarot n of ht e lpmet e ednu r rzE a na d eN h aime h dluow

b e 516 .C.B eW ac n kam e a tam h tame i ac l approximation for the length i n years of a generation, although ew

liw l lacer l aht t ht e A tsop le Ma ehtt w in ehttaM w 1 is gi niv g a g golaene y o f suseJ ; na d t ah t he sips e llacific y iman ng by man e ht e ep o lp e of e ca h itareneg o cihw--n h il v de , of ruoc se, effid r ne t tivegnol i .se

54

hT e om st se sn i lb e wo lu d be to ch so e ht e ed s rt u itc on of eJ r asu lem as eht laer ytivitpaC ,gninnigeb ro,685 dna di gnidiv yb 14 w dluo evig su na reva a eg tareneg i lano a eg fo 42.

VI . The oireP d that edne d tiw h irhC st na d aht t etrats d tiw h ht e itpaC v yti , nidulcni g rap t of ehtlbib i lac a dn etni r ilbib- c la oirep d .s

-3 1 etS p neh ‛s tuO line of lO d seT t nema t Hi ts ory ni cA ts .7etS p ‛neh s sal t drow s of tcA s 7, oirp r to ht e ninots g to htaed , is a acirotsih l rammus y in trohs

rof m of lO d Te emats nt ih s yrot . hT e p rutci e aht t S pet hen p er s tne , p olih s po h yllaci , i s of I ars e s‛luounitnoc s oilleber n niaga st doG . bA out ht e lno y t lur y vitisop e cepsa t of ht e s roh t rotsih y is of eht

it me orf m harbA am t o the oy ut o f oJ s pe h cA( ts :7 2 .)9-ehpetS n ts arts ih s rotsih y of ht e oitan n of earsI l tiw h oh w oG d lac led aharbA m uo t fo

oseM p imato a to go to ht e rP o sim ed aL nd, the al nd of aC n naa . When A arb ham mac e to t“ his al nd” stcA(,)4:7 cihw h aw s af et r the taed h o f his f ehta r, h e di ‛nd t vah e a pi ce e of ht e nal d ib g uone gh to up t sih

oof t on aht--)5:7( t aw s roop ; ub t he had ht e simorp e of oG d aht“ t he luow d vig e it to ih m of r aissessop on, and t o ih s ees d tfa er mih , hw en a s yet h e had n o c lih d .”oY u es e oh w lsuoivbo y ht e aerG t ekaM r of H rotsi y is lsuoirobal y nikrow g evo r a oirep d fo

ppa r etamixo ly 4 emit s 85 6 sraey , or 43,2 4 raey s to raperp e a oitan n na d a lrow d of r ht e trib h of siH!noS

nidroccA g to petS h ‛ne s sh ro t ih s yrot , na d of sruoc e in nidaer g cus h we ra e sla o nidaer g roW d fodoG , oG d lot d arbA ham oh w aht t ih s es ed luow d go ednu r Eg aitpy n gadnob e of r 04 0 raey s . sihT

of r sace t is re edroc d in eG n ise s .31:51nA“ d he ( doG ) as id nu to A marb , nk ow of a s ru ety that thy seed s lah l be a s art n eg r in a nal d t tah

is not eht i s‛r , na d s h la l es rve th me ; na d they sh la l lffa ict eht m uof r dnuh red aey r .s ” eG( n ise s )31:51N ETO : It luow d be w le l to niop t uo t ereh , eve n rofeb e uo r ool k at mos e of ht e etouq s oba ut

dees“ ” aht t ht e opA s lt e uaP l na d ehto r A eltsop s ekam , aht t ht e “s dee ” ah s a lbuod e or luf l sp murtcegninaem , pa p niyl g to the oitan n of earsI l nimoc g uo t of E pyg t na d to ht e lttil e bab e irhC st nimoc g fo

ygE pt etfa r elf e ni g f or m the if e necr ess of He .dorbA r aha m is ellac d marbA“ ” uaceb se ht e ev nitsalre g nanevoc t as ey t ah s not eeb n ig ven at siht

niop t in yrotsih . uB t on tiw h ‛nehpetS s ih s yrot : oG d esimorp d aht t eedni d ht e erdlihc n of earsI l dluowmoc e cab k to the p mor i es d nal d of C aana n (A tc s 7:7 ), na d oG d gave rbA a ah m ht e nanevoc t fo

oisicmucric n (A tc s :7 8 and eneG sis 71 : )01 . lkciuQ y eht n ehpetS n deeps s up ih s rotsih y (no buod t eheciton d aht t ht e om b aw s p ekci d up ts o en s to s not e )mih , niog g f or m bA r aha m to ocaJ b to ht e 12 s sno

of ocaJ b cihw h maceb e ht e vlewt e rt i eb s of Is era l iw t h a ronim mo cifid a noit w hcih we wi ll di ssucsretal . A naig t ets p f rawro d in ht e es nemhsilbat t o f I ars el a a s an t oi n aw s hw en oG d ch egna d J s‛bocaeman to earsI“ l ,” dna desselb Ja boc eG( n sise :23 2 .)8

In ih s otsih ry, tS ephen t eh n ts opped p aer c ih ng and new t to me ildd ng a s he t lo d the h si t ro i lacturt h of oh w ht e nidnuof“ g ”srehtaf , ht e shcrairtap“ ” or 11 of ht e 12 sons fo learsI J( a )boc dlos hpesoJ

tni o revals y uo t of yvne . Ho revew , we onk w aht t iht s was ht e alp n of hT e aerG t ekaM r of rotsiH y ohW

64

edenetni d to su e oJ s pe h as ht e naem s rehw eby ht e lttil e g niwor g oitan n of earsI l gim ht be vas ed morfoitavrats n. slA o lletnedicni y as uaP l m eka s aelc r in oR m sna , hgim t be a aem n berehw y ht e an me of doG

hgim t be nk ow n ohguorht ut ht e lrow d as a er s euc r of His wo n oep p .elehpetS n lot d of ‛doG s selb s gni s on esoJ ph aht t orb u hg t ih m into ovaf r tiw h aorahP h na d in egrahc

of ht e ‛gnik s yrusaert ; na d oh w llanif y nirud g ht e uord ght orht u uohg t ht e dnal , oh w ocaJ b new t otni tpygE to ioj n his os n esoJ ph, nikat g 75 italer ves tiw h mih . oY( u ees , how ht e lttil e oitan n of earsI l sinitrats g to -worg - orf m ht e 12 nos s to .57 ) nehT , oy u re ebmem r ht e s yrot , ub t St pe hen let ls it q ylkciu

oh w ocaJ b seid , ht en pesoJ h seid , na d llanif y a aorahP h ac me tni o lur e aht t id d on t onk w esoJ ph. sihTahP r ao h wa s one aht t etaert d ht e oitan n of earsI l yltsujnu , on w worg n m cu h egral r na d erom

;suorepsorp na d esoM s mac e to ht e ucser e etfa r ih s erp p oitara n of r 40 raey s in ht e liw d ssenre , ehtmas e wi senredl s uorht gh cihw h he luow d ael d evo r 00,006 0 em n on t nidulcni g ht e erdihc n ( doxE us

73:21 ) uo t of E aitpyg n bo .egadnhT e mas e pe po le hw o ah d r je e etc d oM ses at ga e 04 , etpecca d ih m at ga e 08 ; na d he el d eht m tuo

of naitpygE b egadno tcA( s 7 3: 5 3, 6). At iht s p nio t in ih s ceeps h hpetS en etoq s the lO d nematseT t otwohs woh doG w dluo os me yad in eht erutuf ona dnes t reh tehporP li ek .sesoM

A“ tehporp llahs eht droL ruoy doG esiar pu otnu uoy of ruoy nerhterb kil e tnu o me iht( s sisoM es ta gnikl , of co sru e); hi m hs all ye h ae r.” ( tcA s 7:37 na d D tue e nor omy )51:81

ehpetS n at iht s iop nt in the s p cee h did on t say ltcaxe y hw o ht e orP p eh t saw , ub t ht e r suoigileredael s tsum vah e wonk n aht t he aw s refer r ni g to ilE j ha , or eJ s su , or bo ht ; na d no tbuod , they irg p dep

git h lt y ht e ts o en s in h na d of r ht e oitaretilbo n of ht e alb s mehp y to co em ! petS hen egilbo d them ybitnoc n gniu no eht Pr tehpo .sesoM

ihT“ s si ,eh taht aw s in ht e cruhc h in ht e enredliw ss tiw h ht e egna l w h ci h ps ake t o ih m niht e tnuom S ,ani dna wi ht ruo :srehtaf ohw er c devie eht ylevil o selcar ot evig un ot :su to mohwuo r srehtaf dluow ton ,yebo tub tsurht mih morf ,meht dna ni rieht straeh tu denr cab k ga ain otnigE y .tp ..” ( tcA s 7: )93,83

Wow, eht noisnet a gnom eht c dwor fo suoigiler l sredae m tsu evah eeb n ef lt . hT e iah r sawnidnats g up on cab k o f ieht r sdaeh . oY u suj t d o on t lat k b ad of ht e esaeced d !srehtaferofhT e en w oitan n of Is lera , on w gral e in ebmun r ub t ey t uohtiw t a dnal , letaidemmi y etfa r rieht

ucser e from bo adn ge, and at the very mo nem t ehw n oM ses aw s up on M uo nt Si an i nitteg g the 01moc m dna m ,stne dam e an odi l to a slaf e dog“ ” to kat e ht e calp e of ht e oG d hW o had re cs ued th .me

eurT , mos e of ht e E naitpyg s aht t mac e uo t of E pyg t ni s etagit d ti , ub t ht is aw s on t sucxe e.nA“ d yeht ekam a ac lf ni esoht syad , na d ereffo d sa cifirc e tnu o ht e lodi , na d eciojer d in eht

krow s of ieht r wo n ..sdnah . oG. d enrut d na d vag e eht m up to ihsrow p ht e tsoh fo ”...nevaeh stcA(,14:7 4 )a2

ehT n hpetS en evig s ehtona r cerid t touq e f or m ht e lO d tnematseT , i nicudortn g it tiw h ht e ow r sda“ s i t is ettirw n in ht e oob k of ht e p hpor e .st ..” (A tc s b24:7 ) hT e uq ote is from omA s 52:5 - 72 . It si

ehtie r rom e a sarhparap e or a niredner g orf m ht e eerG k nagiutpeS t ihw l e ahw t w e vah e i n ht e koob

74

of omA s of som t of uo r elbiB s is orf m werbeH , or -eciv v asre . In ehtie r esac , ht e inaem ng is the .emaseL t u s suj t aer d it rf om tcA s .34-b24:7

O“ ey fo esuoh ,learsI evah ey dereffo ot em als in stsaeb dna fircas i sec yb eht space fo trof y y rae s in ht e enredliw ss? aeY , y e oot k up ht e bat e lcanr e of hcoloM , and ht e star o f y ruo

og d meR p nah , gif u er s cihw h ye make to w ro s ih p t meh : na d I will rrac y oy u yawa dnoyeb ybaB l ”.notcA( s 4-b24:7 3 an d omA s )72-52:5

-3 2 : mA os, ht e rP o .tehpomA s is no e of ht e lO d eT s nemat t orP p teh s aht t is touq ed in the eN w eT s tnemat : A om s 52:5 - 72

is etouq d by etS p eh n in A tc s 4,24:7 3 na d omA s 1,11:9 2 is etouq d by ht e Ap ltso e emaJ s in tcA s -51:5171 . In tcaf , it is reh e in ht e ces ond touq e from ht e Ap ltso e emaJ s t ah t we eg t uo r meht e na d ltit e rof

this volume, THE RG EAT MAKER OF HIST .YROnA“ d a etf r eht y ah d be moc e s neli t, maJ es an ews r de , iyas ng , eM‘ n and hterb r ne , il s et n ot

em : S omi n ha s de rlac ed oh w God at th e fi sr t v tisi ed ht e tneG i el s to kat e uo t of them a ep o elpof r iH s man e. nA d tiw h iht s ht e drow s of ht e pr hpo ets ga r ee , j su t as it is ttirw en: etfA‘ r siht

I liw l re rut n and liw l r iube ld ht e bat e anr cle o f aD vid wh ci h ah s ellaf n wod n . I liw l liuber t ti,sniurs na d I liw l es t it pu , so aht t ht e ser t of niknam d yam kees eht OL R ,D neve lla eht neG t seli

hw o ra e ellac d by My eman , yas s ht e ROL D hw o eod s la l seht e gniht s. ‛ onK wn to oG d rf omte e tinr y ra e la l iH s krow s.” ( tcA s 51 : 1-31 8 na d mA os 11:9 , )21

ihT s ulov me oc uld be an med “ NK OW N TO OG D RF OM TE E INR TY” tsni ead of HT E G TAEREKAM R OF ROTSIH Y . saelP e ebmemer r rud ing ht e e iusn gn retpahc s of lbiB e duts y aht t eht

at“ b re n elca ” reh e has ht e lbuod e or luf l s urtcep m ninaem g of ht e lpmeT e er s erot d ednu r rzE a dnaeN h aime h na d al os eht regral t elpme fo eht ydob fo .tsirhC R meme b ti ,re w sa siht et m elp seJ us

refer red to ehw n He lot d ht e uoigiler s sredael , eD“ s ort y iht s lpmet e na d in erht e yad s I liw l siar e ti”.pu

Of A om s, maS pey rw i et s in THE HE RA T OF HT E LO D SET T MA E :TNhT“ e rtsinim y of omA s lbaborp y mac e in ht e la ett r rap t of ht e gier n of reJ o aob m II . oba( ut 067

.C.B so th ta you see with ht e tivitpaC y at 85 6 B. C. ehw n we sucsid s omA s we ra e ab uo t 81 0 sraeyrofeb e ht e aC p it v yti ) He aw s a h dre s am n na d a d er s es r of ys c omo re tr ee s. He aw s on t etacude d rof

a orp p teh ; ub t avoheJ h ellac d ih m orf m ih s lbmuh e yolpme m ne t ot aeb r iH s gassem e to ht e nrehtroNniK g mod . He aw s a eek n bo s evre r of em n na d ht i sgn , ub r nin g tiw h suoethgir ni d tangi i no ta eht w sgnor

epaeh d opu n ht e oop r dna eh l .sselp He aw s a f elrae ss pr po he t of doG , hw o luw d not b e t enru d edisab y ht r ae ts o f oiv l cne e ”.

aS dnA m yep rehtruf w setir no eht m egasse fo eht koob fo .somAhT“ e xet t orf m cihw h A om s pr ehcae d aw s a epmurt t lac l to er p ecnatne : avoheJ‘ h liw l aor r morf

noiZ ‛ (A om s 2:1 ). Th e oG d of sI r ea l liw l moc e to tnemgduj . omA s ekam s ih s ap aep l to noc s cneic e dna.nosaer

nikaT g ih s nats d at eB t leh , pahrep s on a saef t yad , omA s nigeb s by nicnuonna g ht e worhtrevoof ‛learsI s obhgien rs on nuocca t of ieht r semirc . hT e htaeh en noitan s ra e to be sinup hed of r cr ytleu

84

or ni h namu ity in some f mro . oG d dloh s them ot a irts ct ca c tnuo rof od i gn hw at yeht nk ew ot be orw n .gaduJ h na d earsI l He egduj s by a ehgih r dradnats ; of r eht y ah d ht e aL w of esoM s na d ht e nihcaet g fo

ht e tehporp s t o g diu e eht m i n ieht r arom l na d so aic l efil . hT e ehporp t ngiarra s earsI l rofnsuotevoc e ,ss ecitsujni , al s suoivic n sse , na d s egelirca ; sla o for ivah ng rof g etto n heJ o ‛hav s dnik n sse , dna

rof gnivah ejer c det siH m sregnesse somA( ”)2,1oF r a htruf re rotsih i ac l ep r ps e vitc e iht s ppa r tamixo e nitad g of A om s luow d calp e p so s ylbi

abO d ,hai oJ e ,l dna hanoJ ni orf nt fo ;mih a dn al gno wi ,aesoH ht a gnom eht sI-erp a hai .stehporpAt ael st, it is bo v uoi s aht t omA s is a orp p eh t orf m rofeb e ht e ytivitpaC , letamixorppa y 61 0 sraey

rofeb e ro ixorppa m eta ly ruof reneg a .snoit In uo r br ao d niltuo e of the Old Test ma ent from Matthe ,waht t luow d calp e omA s in amor n aremun l .II

II . F or m ivaD d to vitpaC i .yt1. .haidabO2 . .hanoJ3. .leoJ4 . A som5. oH s .ae6 . Is .haia7 . haciM , a raropmetnoc y of .haiasI

3-3 : W u-par p of rotsiH y rf om .nehpetSuhT s omA s aw s a p hpor et rofeb e ht e olbyaB n ai n itpaC v yti , acerof s nit g ht e C tivitpa y na d illet ng

ht e ep o lp e aht t it aw s suaceb e of ht e nemgduj t of oG d on th ie r uortalodi s wa yaw--sy s aht t rew e in ehtiw l ssenred w redna i sgn fo 04 ey a ,sr yaw s aht t rew e i n ht e Pr simo ed dnaL , na d yaw s aht t w e lits l ees

in ht e oob k o f ihcalaM , ht e sal t of ht e lO d atseT m tne , cihw h w as letamixorppa y uof r erdnuh d sraeyrofeb e tsirhC . If oy u vah e eiduts d ht e lO d nematseT t snetxe i ylev , oy u k now of the er p itite ve elcyc

of ht e oitan n of earsI l in ht e morP i es d L dna : oG d s woh s a mi lcar e or row k ma ong them na d the pe elpoard w aen r to miH ; xen t ht e lpoep e go niroh g etfa r ehto r sdog“ ” cihw h ra e on t llaer y dog s na d erofereht

ra e rom e a ihsrow p of ataS n hw o eod s tsixe , g“ o sd ” cihw h ra e ht e krow s of ht eir wo n sdnah ; oG d ht engnirb s taidemmi e nemgduj t on the lohw e noitan ; they eht n neper t na d ruter n to doG . ihT s eppah n de

dna revo rof revo at tsael owt t dnasuoh y !sraeehpetS n eht n vom e s ldipar y tiw h h .yrotsi

1 . oM ses bu li t a bat e lcanr e ac idroc ng to the s icep f ei d af s oih n cihw h oG d etatcid d tcA( s 44:7dna xE o sud 52 : .)04

.2 auhsoJ orb u thg eht at b canre le eht otni P desimor La stcA( dn 7: a 54 nd auhsoJ 1 .)42-rebmemeR , uaceb se of ih s osid b cneide e i n s ikirt ng ht e cor k esoM s aw s on t olla wed to etne r eht

esimorP d dnaL , ehtar r uhsoJ a ael d eht m ni . nA d lno y uhsoJ a na d ullaC m of ht e 12 s ip es aw s dewollaot ,retne lla revo t eh ega fo 12 w oh dennis at tnuoM Si ian al llef os ni eht iw l .ssenred

94

3. hT e canrebaT le uht s new t tni o ht e dnal s of the elitneG s ( tcA s 54:7 ) cihw h aw s llaer y the dnalaht t ah d i tin i lla y b ee n pr imo se d to Ab ar h .ma

4. oG d vord e uo t ht e elitneG s rofeb e ht e erdlihc n of learsI , na d ehpetS n emoc s to ht e mit e foht e etinU d niK g od m ednu r vaD id na d .nomoloS

.5 moloS on tliub eht pmet le hw i hc divaD derised to dliub stcA( 4:7 6 .)74,nA d eht n we moc e cab k to ht e ep r nenam t t anreba cle or te lpm e meht e aht t the porP het omA s dna

ht e Ap ltso e emaJ s rtni o decud , the gr etae st of all gnikam s of otsih ry. etS p eh n etouq s rf om aiasI h 1:66na d P s la m .52:201

oS tuB“ l nomo ub i miH tl a .esuoh oH w ,reve eht tsoM HI hg eod s on t lewd l in elpmet s dam e htiw,sdnah as ht e rp o hp et yas s: aeH“ ven is My th nor e, na d ae rth is My fo sto t loo . ahW t uoh se liw l oy u bu dli

of r ?eM as ys eht OL R ,D ro hw at si eht alp ce fo yM ?tser saH My ah nd not mae all these things ”?A( cts 74:7 - 05 , asI iah :66 1 and lasP m 1 )52:20

6. ,uoY eht rteb a srey dna m sreredru ki dell eht tsuJ enO , ht e oL rd useJ s C tsirh , e ev n as la l oy urof r tafe h re s ep r tces ued na d ik l el d ht e rp o hp e st . (A tc s )25:7

-3 4 : ivaD d to .tsirhCspahreP ht e setaerg t nik g of la l lerasI , eedni d in mret s of ht e netxe t of ht e ni f cneul e uorht g tuoh

ht e kn wo n lrow d na d of niunitnoc g cneulfni e th guor h the nitirw g of ht e oob k of Ps mla s aw s divaD . E nevehw n on t olla wed to liub d ht e lpmet e, cihw h aw s fel t to ih s os n So nomol , oG d lits l re edraw d ivaD d dnavag e ht e s rpu eme et s nomit y to aD vid as “a am n etfa r iH s wo n aeh r .”t

hT e gier n of ivaD d as niK g of earsI l in the irep od of beH rew rotsih y ellac d ht e tinU ed modgniKi( t aw s ilps t tni o aduJ h and earsI l )retal . ihT s rotsih y is ocer r ed d ni , of uoc r es , some of ht e ih s ot r laci

:skoob I eumaS l 33-91 , I I umaS el 42-1 , I gniK s 2-1 , na d I elcinorhC s 02-01 . We luohs d oitnem n erehht e etac rog y of ob oks in the lO d T se t nema t llac ed ht e ob oks of W si dom and Pr sia e : the Ps smla

ettirw n liamirp y by D diva , nieb g the som t touq ed oob k of the lO d nematseT t in ht e New ,tnematseT evorP r sb , noS g of moloS on, na d tsaiselccE e -s - la l erht e ettirw n by D ‛diva s son, .nomoloS

niruD eht g 41 reneg a snoit tfa er ,divaD t eh dgniK om w sa vid edi d eewteb n aduJ h on ht e htuos cihw( h edulcni d reJ u melas ) na d Is ear l on ht e rehton . hT e iD v edii d modgniK s omla st lidaets y tnewnwod , pecxe t of r a hgils t edlog n ga e nriud g ht e mit e of niK g aizzU h na d ht e ehporP t haiasI , itnu l eht

laf l of elasusreJ m na d ht e ainolybaB n tivitpaC y of 85 7 85- 6 C.B . hT e vitpaC ity eunitnoc d in no e mrofor ehtona r ednu r nolybaB , aisreP , eceerG , and moR e guorht h ht e 14 itareneg ons from ivaD d to irhC s .t

hT e lO d nematseT t esolc d pa p ixor m eta ly 04 0 C.B . tiw h ht e nitirw g of ihcalaM . ahT t four derdnuhraey s is g ene r lla y ellac d the i n ret - acilbib l p ire o .d

H. I. eH s et r in HT E RAEH T OF HE ERB W IH S ROT Y etirw s of the rus v avi l of the tnanmer s of ehtoitan n of I ears l nirud g seht e p doire s of itpaC v ti y awa y orf m ieht r h nalemo d of .naanaC

ihT“ s es e lgnim y urc s eh d na d oh p sele s lttil e gr uo p aw s to go on l vi i gn . hT e gr ae t B lyba o ain n eripmecihw h on w wi le ded us ch op wer w li l lu t mi a et ly af il. hT e rp oud eP r nais s hw o liw l soon rc ush B olyba n lliw

05

hsiruolf rof aw elih and neht ssap tni o o vilb i no . hT e ki modgn s of Gr cee e and emoR , too, liw l ssap ffoht e s c ene . uB t ht e l i tt le er m nan t o f eJ w si h poep le ahs ll on t b e de yorts e ”.d

hT e iam n nosaer we wonk yeht devivrus is aceb u es oG d had ol ng ago, du ir ng the il fe of Ab ar h marehw e He dam e it onk wn, ub t lbaborp y enoos r in ht e noea s of erp - oitaerc n tinrete y as ht e erG at rekaM

of ot yrotsiH mohW lla His skrow morf eht geb ninni g of mit e ra e nwonk , had esohc n earsI l as ehtoitan n in cihw h iH s wo n oS n luow d be !nrob

etfA r ht e ytivitpaC , of esruoc , aw s ht e noitarotseR , ht e mit e ehw n a nanmer t of ht e paC t ytivilkcirt e d cab k t o eJ r melasu . ihT s anmer nt s h luo d on t be co fn u es d tiw h the r anme n t of amoR ns th ta

yawla s xe i ets d noma g ‛doG s elpoep , ht e evas d tnanmer ; na d we w li l sucsid s aht t ehtruf r i n ihcalaMrehw e we nif d lno y a nanmer t of the nanmer t aht t ra e devas . emiT( s rew e s lit l lemertxe y ab d ni

!learsI ) hT e ih s ot r aci l b koo s na d P or p eh ts of the Ca tp i iv ty na d eR s ot r ita on luow d be as listed belo .wVI . C tivitpa y na d eR s oitarot n to C .tsirh .1 cirotsiH al .skooB

1( ) . E .arz)2( . .haimeheN)3( . ehtsE r. .2 .stehporP .)1( imereJ ah dna La tnem a .snoit

)2( . kezE i .le)3( . inaD e .l)4( . .iaggaH)5( . .hairahceZ)6( . .ihcalaM

:5-3 T 61 eh .stehporPIt is ahwemos t nisufnoc g to us ht e cneuqes e in cihw h ht e ma oj r 4( ) na d ht e onim r (12) orP p steh

ra e evig n in ht e lO d tnematseT . lA l ht e ojam r porP hets are epuorg d -rehtegot - haiasI , ,haimereJnoitatnemaL s htona( er oob k rw i ett n by reJ e )haim , ikezE el, na d aD n lei ; na d all ht e onim r tehporP s era

uorg ped got e eht r-- oH s ae , oJ el, somA , haidabO , Jo han , haciM , muhaN , H kukkaba , hainahpeZ , ,iaggaHirahceZ ah, na d aM l ca hi. dnA htla o hgu tamixorppa e in seht e gnipuorg s ih s yllacirot , ht e roffe t ah s ton

eeb n dam e at rotsih i ac l gnicneuqes . If no e ew re to use ht e nitad g of B hsi ip Us hs er, cihw h semitemoshas eeb n us s ep ct ub t lits l ah s ulav e of r rppa o oitamix n rup p eso , ht e niltuo e of ht e 16 pr tehpo s htiw

tad es uow ld eb sa lof l .swoI . rP o tehp s rofeb e ht e paC t .ytivi

1 . To ht e 10 ebirt s of learsI , ht e ediviD d rehtroN n odgniK m na( d N eni v he , a Ge litn e ,ytiCerehw hanoJ w sa .)tnes

.]1[ bO a haid .C.B 788]2[ . anoJ h 8 26]3[ . eoJ l 008

15

]4[ . omA s 7 78]5[ . oH se a 5872. To the 2 tr ebi s of aduJ h, the D i iv ded So tu h re n niK g .mod

.]1[ haiasI 7 06.]2[ haciM 057.]3[ muhaH 317.]4[ ahpeZ n hai 036.]5[ kukabaH 626.]6[ reJ e haim 926.II Pr tehpo s niruD g ht e itpaC v .yti

[1] . D leina 7062[ } . E leikez 595

III . Pr tehpo s etfA r .noitarotseR]1[ . gaH g ia 025]2[ . hairahceZ 025]3[ . ihcalaM 793

6-3 : hT e ehporP t aiasI h.

eS noc d to Ps smla , the ob ok of I aias h is the om st touq ed in the eN w eT s nemat t of ht e dlOseT t ma ent bo sko . hT e ehporP t aiasI h is eredisnoc d ht e ot p of ht e tehporp s tob h in ht e zis e o f ehtoob k na d in ht e utingam de of ht e sem s ega . As af r as zis e i f w e s ilp t our B lbi e in ht e mi ldd e lihw e ew

ra e bmuht ing th uor gh ht e gap es, we liw l ge llaren y itamotua c lla y rut n t o ehtie r ht e mlasP s or .haiasIAs raf sa eht ce iartn l yti fo eht m ,egasse we nac on te hw at emos au sroht evah ot yas tuoba I ,haias tsrif

eht iffocS e dl Re ecneref iB b el .setonaiasI“ h i s ltsuj y etnuocca d ht e eihc f of ht e irw t gni .stehporp eH sah eht mo er herpmoc e evisn

nomitset y na d is di ts i tcn i ev ly the p or p eh t o f der empti no . N rehwo e sle e in ht e ircS p erut s nettirwednu r ht e al w vah e we so aelc r a v ei w of ecarg . hT e eN w nematseT t cruhc h eod s on t pa p ae r E( p snaiseh

)01-3:3 , ub t aisseM h in iH s osreP n na d sgnireffus , na d ht e nisselb g of ht e elitneG s guorht h miH , era i n uf ll siv i ”.no

H. I. etseH r in HT E H E RA T OF EH B ER W ROTSIH Y ah s alimis r s tnemetat s to kam e uoba t ehtecalp fo haiasI a gnom eht .stehporp

I“ s aia h oleb ngs at ht e h ae d of la l sil ts of ht e p or p teh s. In ih m p or p ceh y ehcaer s its rep f .noitceHe ah s moc e to be ht e radnats d by cihw h all ht e to h re s ra e aem s ru ed . As one e ht u ais s it c cr iti c sahup t ti - I- s aia h ah s la l ht e aerg t lauq i eit s of la l ht e pr po h te s. In the el n tg h of ih s serv eci , in the c cur i la

eussi s he decaf , in the netnoc t of ih s em s segas , in ht e fe f enevitce ss of his row k na d in ht e uq a til y foih s w tir ten me egass s he cxe els ht em al ”.l

orF m ht e sal t ahc p ret , eewSkciuQ“ p by etouQ s , we vah e a vnoc e in ent of r s zi e na d tnetnociltuo ne dna qes u ecne fo eht ehporp ts sa haiasI-erp tehporp dna sI_tsop a hai ehporP t .s

25

I-erP s aia h porP h ste tamixorppA e taD e fognitirW

iasI tsoP ah stehporP tamixorppA e taD e fognitirW

1 . boJ 0251 .B .C 11 . ciM ah .C.B 057

.2 *sesoM .C.B 1941 21 . muhaN 317

3 . **divaD .C.B 7101 31 . peZ h haina 036

4 . ***nomoloS 0001 41 . eJ r haime 926

5 . idabO ah 788 51 . kukkabaH 626

6 . oJ n ha 268 61 . leinaD 706

7 . leoJ 008 71 . leikezE 595

8 . somA 787 81 . aH g iag 025

9 . oH s ae 587 91 . ceZ h haira 025

ON TE: The pme h isa s i s o n w tir ing porP h ste . naM y orP p teh s kil e E ajil h na d silE ha id d on t etirwlO d seT t ma ent bo .sko and sop t asI- iah orp h .ste

* esoM s orw te ht e Pe tatn e ,hcu eht tsrif evif skoob fo eht ,elbiB G ,sisene oxE d ,su itiveL c ,susrebmuN , na d oretueD n .ymo ** divaD w etor tsom fo t eh lasP m .s *** nomoloS orw te ccE l ,setsaise So gn fo moloS o ,n dna .sbrevorP

7-3 : A ohS tr sseM age from somA , eoJ ,l a dn ht e aerG t ekaM r o f iH s ot r .yrehT e ra e wt o etouq s in ht e eN w nematseT t f or m omA s, no e orf m etS p eh n as r edroce d in stcA

4,24:7 3 omA( s 72-52:5 ) na d no e orf m ht e opA s lt e emaJ s at ht e g aer t ureJ s ela m litneG e mrala , stcA1:51 5 71- somA( :9 1 .)21,1 rF om eht se wt o ouq tes f or m r se p itce v le y A om s 52:5 -27 na d A om s :9 1 ,21,1

we liw l kat e ht e vif e p nio t niltuo e for a hs ort gassem e on “ somA , leoJ , na d ht e aerG t Ma ek r forotsiH y” : )1( . nieB g a esohc n n oita n of oG d is on t nys o uomyn s iw t tavlas h i no rof lla eht ahni b nati t ;s

2( ) hT e nemecnuonna t of tivitpaC y of r earsI l na d ht e nosaer s hw y aht t oitan n tsed r eyo d it les f; )3(oG d si eht erG at kaM er fo ,yrotsiH )4( T eh baT e canr le fo divaD w sa batse-er l dehsi sa a naem s of r llaht e G e elitn s to s ee k .doG

I. The point that Stephen, Amos, and Paul i n Hebrews is aht t the esohc n oitan n of earsI l syawlaenrut d ieht r cab k o n doG ; na d suaceb e of seht e snis , liramirp y ht e nis fo lebnu i ,fe guoht h eht y erew

a esohc n n oita n sm t of ht e idni v audi l in ht e oitan n rew e etcejer d for anrete l s .noitavla1 . ehpetS n ekam s iht s iop nt in ih s oisulcnoc n of ih s sal t serdda s rofeb e odrytram m tiw h eht

drow s of tcA s 5-15:7 3 na d ba es d etouq s orf m somA , sudoxE , ymonoreruteD , na d .haiasI

35

oY“ u dekcenffits dna nu c ucri m dezic in eh art na d ea sr ! oY u a yawl s re sis t the loH y Sp tiri ; sauoy r htaf ers did , so do uoy . hW ich of ht e orp p teh s ah ve your fa eht rs on t ep r ces u det ? dnA yehtevah ellik d soht e hw o of r lote d ht e co nim g of ht e suJ t enO , o f ohw m oy u on w vah e moceb e eht

reyarteb s na d redrum e sr , hw o vah e iecer ved ht e law by ht e d eri c oit n of an leg s dna evah ton tpek.ti ” tcA( s )35-15:7

eoJ l as no e of ht e rev y f sri t of ht e nitirw g Pr tehpo s na d eteP r itouq ng from oJ el J( oel 82:2 - 23na d tcA s 61:2 - 12 ) ig ves us t ih s tsrif yaD fo eP n tsocet a retf eht noisnecsA fo tsirhC as ht e eb g gninni

of ht e sal t yad s. I am sur e t ah t eoJ l na d eteP r ra e niklat g in mret s of ht e oisulcnoc n of ht e yrtsinimof tsirhC no rae th dna neht siht gnidnes fo the desimorP tiripS fo tsirhC morf tsirhC to unitnoc e siH

yrtsinim . We rofereht e h va e ht e caxe t mit e of ht e geb i ninn g of the sal t syad . We d o on t vah e ehtcaxe t mit e of ht e ne d of the sal t syad ; ub t the ne d of this touq e f or m eteP r does let l us in eg n lare

et rms aht t it i s the g“ r ae t na d n lbato e day of ht e L DRO ” cihw h liw l ne d ht e sal t ad ys; in deed , end llaemit . hT e tiveni a elb fles d tcurtse i no fo eht rae th ihw ch detrats nehw nis decalp a esruc on am n dna

ht e trae h in ht e edraG n of edE n laudarg ly etalucse s iw th ngis s of oitcurtsed n in ht e trae h na d in ehtnevaeh s itnu l llanif y ht e nus , noom , and rats s ots p nivig g ieht r thgil . uB t eoJ l na d eteP r vah e ht e doog

wen s rif s .tomA s ekam s iht s niop t in omA s 72-52:5 , na d it is a ramirp y gassem e of ht e lohw e oob k of .somAevaH“ uoy dereffo ot eM als u derethg amina ls and fircas i ec s nirud g trof y aey rs in ehtssenredliw , O suoh e of Is lear ? seY , oy u oot k up ht e bat e lcanr e of hcoloM , nd ht e star of y ruo

og d ,nahpmeR im sega hcihw uoy m eda ot ;pihsrow na d I iw ll yrrac uoy aw ya dnoyeb ybaB l ”.noomA( s )72-52:5

I seug s we onk w w eh n orf m ‛doG s vitcepsrep e oy u sap s orf m ht e nuoy g am n rogetac y to the dlo am n etac rog y ehw n ahw t rew e uoiverp sly isiv ons of r oy u moceb e maerd s . cniS e I eels p ot o rah d oterd am, I ma its ll ni eht noisiv getac o .yr I( sseug Ann is dlo er than me: she dr mae s maerd s la l ht e ,emit

na d ah s for ye sra !) But rom e es r uoi sly if oy u ool k at ht e oob k o f eoJ l ti s le f hw o trats s ih s erdda ss otht e sredle , eht n to la l ht e lpoep e of ht e yrtnuoc , na d eht n to ht e stseirp ; oy u liw l es e a doog

oitcudortni n to ht e itarcomed c rutan e of ht e loH y ipS r ‛ti s selb s gni s cihw h s etrat d on iht s ih s ot r laciaD y of tsocetneP . aerehW s liramirp y in ht e lO d T nematse t syad , ht e ipS rit luow d evom no dna hguorht

an visulcxe e few egduJ s kil e nosmaS , or orP p teh s kil e E hajil , or b-dluow e ik ngs kil e D diva , or p stseirkil e umaS el; this wo lu d all hc a gn e as ht e elb s is ngs of ht e oH l y Sp ri it luow d ceb ome om re ediw spr daena d ed m rco a it c tfa er iht s pe oir d of tsih o yr . uoY ng o ,nem ld ,nem stnavres dna esoht of utats s; dna

ilpmi ed ni b siht ut ton nekops is ti taht w dluo a emoc osl eht nopu weJ s dna Ge .selitnuaP l in r fe e er n nic g ht e mas e senredliw s ev tne s as S ehpet n sla o emoc s to ht e mas e oc n oisulc n htiw

erom le a tarob i no ni werbeH .sW“ h re e of re (as the H lo y S ip rit s tia h, To day if you liw l eh a sih r ,eciov ha nedr ton y ,straeh ruo

as in ht e p oitacovor n, in ht e ad y o f oitatpmet n in ht e seneredliw s : ehw n oy u ehtaf rs etpmet d ,emorp ved em , and as w my krow s trof y sraey . ehW r rofe e I aw s eveirg d tiw h t hat oitareneg n,a nd ,dias

45

ehT y do al yw s err in th ie r eh a tr ; and they have on t wonk n my syaw . So I raws e in my htarw . hT eylahs l on t en et r tni o m y r .tse ” ( werbeH s )11-7:3

II . omA s na( d J leo ) aef r sel sly ecnuonna s the nidnepmi g vitpaC ity of r the oitan n of learsI , dnallet s ht e r nosae s orf m oG d f or aht t up n .tnemhsi

toN e ahw t I aem n uoba t eoJ l dda r se s ni g la l getac o eir s of p poe le ot tneper eb c esua fo eht c esruaht t is on the .dnal

omA s aef r sel sly uona n ec s the pmi e nidn g paC t tivi y of r sI r .leaomA s nna o ecnu s ht e tivitpaC y.

.b somA ekil Jo aerp le c seh eht wo sdr morf doG ni etips fo dir i eluc a dn erht a .steH“ ar siht , oy u sredle , na d vig e rae , la l you tnatibahni s of ht e dnal ! aH s htyna ing kil e siht

pah p ene d in uoy r syad , or even in ht e ad ys of uoy r htaf e ?sr ” ( eoJ l 1 )2:ihT s is ht e uqe i lav ent of s iya ng : WE H AVE N VE ER ES EN A HTYN ING L KI E !TIleT“ l uoy r rdlihc en uoba t ti , el t uoy r lihc d er n let l eht ir nerdlihc , na d th ie r erdlihc n rehtona

neg e oitar n.” ( eoJ l 1 )3:hT e oog d na d eilpmi d en ws reh e of r ht e oitan n of haduJ , ht e rehtuos n odgnik m na d to a niatrec

netxe t learsI , ht e ehtron rn odgnik m is aht t eht se eneg r noita s liw l be nuora d in tips e of ehtoitcudortni n in eoJ l of cum h noitatsaved : a. ediseB s ht e ugalp e of tsucol s aht t ah s eyortsed d la l eht

porc s na d ht e rutsap e dnal ; b( ) rehT e is an oitcudortni n to a aD-nim y of ht e Lord ehw n oG d liw l dnesa vi oic us army rof m ht e tron h to ortsed y haduJ ; na d c( ) etfA r ht e oitcudortni n o f ht e nimoC g of eht

loH y ipS rit tiw h s itavla on of r la l aht t liw l eveileb , ht ere is the al y ni g uo t of ht e gr ae t and no lbat e yaDof ht e ROL D tiw h oc m telp e oitcurtsed n of ht e lohw e .htrae

2 . Joel even rdda e ss es the urd n drak s na d ht e cos ial nird k re s of niw e in Joel .5:1ekawA“ , you urd n sdrak , na d peew ; na d liaw , la l you ird n rek s of niw e… ” oJ( el )5:1

3 . eoJ l erdda ss ht e f remra s na d v serdeni s re s in eoJ l .11:1 eB“ emahsa d, you sremraf , iaw l, oy u sresserdeniv , of r ht e aehw t na d ht e yelrab ; suaceb e eht

tsevrah fo ht e elif d ah s dehsirep . hT e niv e ah s eird d pu , na d ht e if g ert e ah s derehtiw ; ehtemp g tanar e eert , ht e p la m ert e osla , na d ht e ppa le rt e la—e l ht e t eer s of the if eld ra e tiw h .dere

4 . eoJ l na d oG d t h guor h J eo l ra e erda s nis g the esohc n oep pl e of oG d h e er , on t the ehtaeh n ineoJ l 1 1: 2 t( he aeh t eh n come etal r). ehT y are ellac d the s“ ons of .”nem

ruS“ el y oj y ah s tiw h ere d awa y f or m the s ons of nem . ” J( oel )21:1ETON : erehT oc m se semit ni t eh efil of a lohw e oitan n ehw n r ae l oj y na d ah p ip n se s id s pa p rae

morf eht la a ,dn nd sed siht t itcur on morf eht lp a eug fo col u sts was eno fo esoht it m !se5 . llaniF y Joel na d oG d vig e a nikaw g up lac l to ht e sinim t re s na d p tseir s to i n rut n lac l all eht

oep ple to f itsa ng , p eyar r , srow h pi , and er p cnatne e in Joel 31:1 , .41riG“ d uoy r les ves and tnemal , you pr sei ts; liaw , you hw o nim i ets r feb ore the ratla ; emoc , il e lla

hgin t in htolckcas , oy u hw o etsinim r to my doG ; of r ht e iarg n nireffo g ra e lehhtiw d orf m ht e suoh e fooG d ht( e p lpoe e of ht e nal d rew e in s cu h lbuort e as to on t be lba e to nirb g ehtit s dna ireffo n sg to eht

55

esuoh of )doG . noC s tarce e a saf t, lac l a cas red sa s ylbme ; g ehta r ht e e redl s na d la l ht e stnatibahniof the nal d into ht e uoh se of ht e L RO D uoy r doG , na d c ry uo t to ht e roL d. ” ( eoJ l 1 )41,31:

III . God i s the rG eat M ka er o f siH t .yro1 . A om s eralced s t ah t oG d ah s eb en ht e aerG t ekaM r of iH s rot y in the .tsap

oF“ r ht e egaw s o f is n is htaed , ub t ht e g fi t of oG d is rete nal fil e in C sirh t useJ s uo r oL r ”.dnamoR( s )32:6

ehW n am n na d w amo n srif t ennis d in ht e edraG n of nedE , oG d ecalp d ruc ses on nam , namow , dnaon ht e htrae . I am rus e aht t rofeb e aht t mit e amina ls id d on t uoved r na d vil e off cae h hto er as yehtdo won . fiL e aw s cefrep t uohtiw t ti moser e obal r na d nroht s na d ht e iot l na d iap n of lihc d htrib . erehT

aw s on esruc on ht e ae rth na d eh v sne , na d nam , uohtiw t s ni , luoc d vah e il ved erof ver nitae g the eertof .efil

moS e do not r ilae ze tha t at the s ma e mit e am n aw s esruc d by sin, sla o ht e trae h aw s esruc d by;nis tub ynam sc serutpir et ll su oba ut .siht

.)1( uaP l tirw es of oh w ht e lohw e taerc i no fo ,nam mina a ,sl na d rutan e ah s enaorg d cnis e morfaerC t oi n in namoR s .22:8

oF“ r we nk ow aht t the wh lo e erc aion org ans na d al b ro s w ti h bi tr h pa gn s got e eht r u itn l on w ”.namoR( s )22:8

.)2( vE en ht e ces ond al w of th domre y ciman s of ph cisy s let ls us that ht e trae h is in ative b ylnnur ing od w n . It is ellac d ht e al w of en yport ; na d in lpmis e mret s s etat s aht t id s edro r is gnisaercni

in ht e inu v .esre3( ) . F lani ly the U n eti d taN i no s imda te d f ro m a er s crae h yduts ht a eht t esrevinu ti taeh i gn .pu

It is og ing to get ot o oh t of r am n and for cr po s na d for n uta re . Of co ru se you nk ow ab uo t t ehuodnemert s srub t of aeh t na d ht e nitlem g of ht e v re y tnemele s aht t pah p ne s on ht e rg eat na d elbaton

ad y o f ht e L RO D at ht e ne d o f ht e al st yad s in II Pe et r :3 1 .0“But ht e ad y of the Lord liw l moc e as a ht ief in the ni hg t, in cihw h ht e eh a ev ns liw l ap ss yawa

tiw h a aerg t ion se, na d ht e tnemele s liw l lem t tiw h nevref t he ta ; tob h ht e trae h na d the w o kr s tahtra e i n it liw l b e b enru d pu . ” I( I eteP r )01:3

‛I m ros ry ub t nidrocca g to omA s na d oG d guorht h somA , seht e tca s of rutan e na d of oG d eramgduj e tn s f or m oG d to get ht e oep ple of ht e n oita n to er t ru n to .doG“I evag oy u senaelc s of teet h in la l uoy r eitic s , na d cal k o f aerb d in la l uoy r secalp , ey t oy u did

on t ruter n to em , yas s ht e DROL . nA d I sla o lehhtiw d ht e iar n orf m oy u ehw n reht e rew e ey t eerhthtnom s to ht e rah v tse ; I luow d nes d r ia n opu n one ytic , na d nes d n o iar n opu n ehtona r ytic ; one delif

luow d be eniar d nopu , na d ht e leif d on w cih h it id d on t iar n w derehti ; so wt o or erht e itic es derednawto no e tic y t o nird k retaw , na d rew e on t itas s deif ; ey t oy u id d on t ruter n to ,em ” yas s ht e L O DR I .

toms e oy u tiw h hgilb t na d rdlim ew; I ial d w ts e uoy r nedrag s na d uoy r drayeniv s; uoy r if g rt ees na d ruoyevilo rt ees ht e col su t ved o deru ; ey t oy u id d not ruter n to em , yas s ht e DROL . I nes t noma g oy u a

ep s cnelit e after the manner of Egypt; I slew y uo r nuoy g em n tiw h ht e dorws ; I rac r ei d awa y ruoy;sesroh na d I dam e ht e cnets h of uoy r mac p go up tni o uoy r slirtson ; ey t oy u id d on t ruter n to em , syas

65

ht e .DROL I werhrevo emos fo ,uoy as nehw G do oS erhtrevo d mo dna rromoG a ,h dna y uo we er sa anarb d ekculp d uo t of ht e nrub i gn ; ey t oy u id d on t ruter n to em , yas s the LO DR . rehT e of re uht s I lliw

do t o you, O Is lear ; be suac e I liw l do iht s to uoy , pr rape e to eem t uoy r doG , O Is !lear ” (A om s 21-6:4)VSR

omA s ecnuonna s that oG d liw l be ht e aerG t Ma ek r of siH t ro y i n the rutuf e tiw h C ,ytivitpanoitarotseR , ht e nidliuber g of ht e elpmeT , and ht e nidliub g of eht wen ydob fo ,tsirhC dna ex evisnet

avlas t noi rof eht Ge .selitn3 . hT e Ap so tle Jam se as he na d o eht r fi sr t utnec ry irhC s nait s sentiw s seht e f lotero d ev stne

orf m ht e porP het omA s zingocer e aht t oG d i s ht e aerG t ekaM r of otsiH r .y1( ) . A tc s :2 1 .02,9

“I iw ll wohs w sredno ni eh a nev evoba na d ngis s in ht e rae th htaeneb : b ool d na d rif e na d ropavof so ekm . hT e sun lahs l b e ut r en d tni o enkrad ss, na d ht e oom n tni o doolb , rofeb e ht e nimoc g of eht

aerg t na d on t lba e ad y of ht e DROL ."” (A tc s :2 1 )02,9oY u iw ll ton er ad oba ut ti ni eht yrotsih oob k .s oY u liw l on t aer d uoba t it in ht e cneics e oob k rof

ht e som t rap ts guohtla h reht e ra e tnih s of it ereht . oY u liw l on t aeh r it of r ht e som t rap t on noisiveletohtla u hg mos e of ht e orp g mar s lgnisaercni y lat k o f eicehporp s uoba t anif l noitcurtsed ; na d rom e dnaerom , if c oit n na d mo iv es s ep ak of if nal ed s rt u itc on. hT e aw r in the P re s ai n luG d na d ht e necer t e stnev

in learsI c esua elpoep to kniht a osl fo eht dne t .semi It is eblativeni : telpmoc e curtsed t oi n of ehtsnevaeh , ht e htrae , dna all elpoep le tf no eht ae r ht si tiveni a .ebl morF eht b gninnige a retf eht cu esr

of nis , lp doG a dec a esruc no ma fo n aed th dna lp a dec a esruc on ht e ae rth of ed s oitcurt n to go htiwit aht t liw l neppah . It liw l liub d up evo r a oirep d of emit . It liw l eneppah d tua o llacitam y na d .elbativeni

nA d lttil e acts of rutan e kil e lo tsuc s na d alp g eu s and trae h ekauq s na d llaf ing co tem s are ig ven as elttilwa sgninr to the pe lpo e aht t e nev t llau y la l iht s al w na d edro r in ht e u vin e sr e, tne r ypo , if you aelp se lliw

ced r ae s na d telpmoc e edrosid r liw l es t in as ht e nus , noom , na d rats s ots p s ninih g na d ht e yrevtnemele s of ht e trae h lem t tiw h evref nt .taeh

.)2( aM n liw l not be mmi une to iht s tsed r oitcu n tiw h it be ni g so ab d that em n w li l rc y of r ehtkcor s of the nuom t nia s to laf l on ht em as a aem ns of er s uc e in aleveR t oi n :6 1 .6

“I ekool d ehw n He op ene d ht e s txi h laes , na d eb h dlo , reht e aw s a gr ae t ekauqhtrae ; na d ht e nusceb ame bl ca k a s as c ck l to h o f ha ri , and t he om on eb c ma e il ke lb o do . nA d the s rat s of h evae n lef l ot

ht e htrae , as a if g t er e ord ps ti s tal e f gi s ehw n it is sh eka n by a thgim y dniw . Then ht e sky dedeceras a lorcs l ehw n it is ellor d pu , na d e rev y nuom t ia n na d si l na d aw s devom tuo fo sti calp e. dnA eht sgnikof ht e e htra , ht e g aer t men, ht e cir h nem , ht e sednammoc , the thgim y nem , e rev y s val e na d eve ry eerf

nam , ih d vlesmeht s in ht e evac s na d in ht e skcor fo eht m atnuo i ,sn dna sa di ot eht m atnuo i sn dna or c ,sklaF‘ l on us na d dih e us orf m ht e caf e o f iH m hw o tis s on ht e norht e na d orf m ht e traw h of ht e !bmaL

oF r ht e g aer t dy of His tarw h ah s c emo , na d hw o is lba e to ?dnats ‛ ( aleveR t oi n :6 1 )71-2 .3 mus ehT m yra fo siht as I tats ed i a s co artn st eewteb n ht e gaw“ e o f sin cihw h is htaed ” dna

ht e “ fig t of oG d hw ich i s et nre al li ”.ef

75

( .)1 In tcA s 2:2 1 oy u es e ht e oog d wen s of ht e fig t of oG d enoitnem d etfa r ht e atot l noitcurtsed

of ht e u revn s .enA“ d it sh la l moc e to sap s aht t hw o eve r llac s on ht e man e of ht e L RO D sh la l be s deva . ” stcA(

)12:2)2( . It aw s sla o oog d news in ht e oob k of eoJ l for ht e oitan n of aduJ h that etfa r ht e ugalp e fo

tsucol s na d tfa er ht e paC t tivi y of the mra y f or m the on r ht , they luow d be er s erot d to th ie r al nd; nehteht y luow d have a oirep d of caep e nirud g cihw h sirhC t luow d mi etsin r na d ht e loH y ripS ti w ti h eht

nisselb gs of s oitavla n na d loH y S p .tiriVI . hT e T pme le T( a nreb a lc e) of vaD id and oS l omo n was -er e ehsilbats d in edro r of r la l eht

litneG es to ees k .doG1. hT e meT ple aw s re liub t ehw n aduJ h aw s otser red to ieht r nalemoh d etfa r tivitpaC y in .nolybaB“‛Now, ,erofereht ‛ yas s ht e DROL , ruT n to Me tiw h la l uoy r h trae , tiw h nitsaf g, tiw h gnipeew , dna

tiw h uom r nin g.‛ So ner d uoy r raeh t, na d n ot uoy r mrag e stn . ” J( oel 21:2 - )71hT e elpmeT was ereht irud ng eht efil fo tsirhC as a nigats g niop t to silbatse h a en w lpmet e dna

a en w ki gn d .moruteR“ n to ht e ROL D uoy r doG , of r He is uoicarg s na d luficrem , ols w to a regn , na d of g taer

dnik n ;sse na d He tneler s orf m niod g mrah . Who onk w if He liw l ru n na d er l tne , na d leave a isselb ngbehind Hi —m a grain offering and a drink offering for the LORD your Go ”?d

3. reH e is a oog d cejbus t of r uoy r cisum : olb w a epmurt t aht t ac lls of r tsaf , ylbmessa , na d ehtitacided on of ht e p poe le to Go .dolB“ w ht e t pmur et i n oiZ n, noc s tare e a saf t, lac l a ercas d sa s ylbme ; ehtag r the oep p el , tcnas i yf

ht e noc g er g ita on, as es m lb e the e edl rs, g hta er the c h dli re n and un r is n bab e …s ” ( oJ el 1:2 5 )a61,4. eL t ht e ep o lp e of God tartnecnoc e rom e on kam e a fil e in oG d aht n nikam g a ivil ng kil e seJ us

ias d aht t iH s s noce d nimoc g ep o lp e luow d be gniyrram , g nivi g in egairram , as if la l gniht s luow d niamerht e mas e !reverof

eL“ t ht e rb i ed g or om g o uo t from his c mah b re , na d the b dir e from her d er s is ng r moo . eL t eht,stseirp hw o esinim r to ht e DROL , w ee p eewteb n ht e crop h na d ht e ratla ; el t eht m s ya , rapS‘ e ruoY

lpoep e, O DROL , na d do on t ig ve uoY r eh ri gat e to r pe r cao h, that the an t oi ns s oh uld rule o ev r ht e .mhW y hs o lu d ht ey as y ma ong the p e lpo es , ‘W reh e is th ie r Go ?d ” oJ( el b61:2 - )71

oisulcnoC n: hT e rocer d of ht e erdlihc n in the senredliw s na d the oitan n of earsI l rew e gi ev n otus of r selpmaxe , el t us raweb e aht t we hgim t sla o p citcar e a raeh t of eilebnu f in nitraped g orf m eht

ivil ng .doGkaT“ e deeh , terb h ner , sel t reht e be in na y of oy u an ive l raeh t of feilebnu , in nitraped g orf m eht

nivil g .doG tuB ex troh eno na o reht ad i ,yl w elih ti is lac l de oT d ;ya l tse yna fo uoy be nedrah ed hguorhtht e ieced t ssenluf fo sin . oF r we ra e dam e rekatrap s of hC r tsi , if we loh d the ninigeb ng of o ru

fnoc i cned e s afdet st tnu o ht e e …dn ” (H werbe s -21:3 1 )4

85

eW vah e ht e lpmaxe e of the esohc n oep ple of oG d in the senredliw s letaidemmi y af et r riehtucser e f or m ygE p ait n gadnob e cihw h saw llanosrep y af r rom e krow s of oG d aht n w e vah e s .nee

eW sla o vah e ht e lpmaxe e of ht e c h eso n oitan n of I ars el cihw h aw s etcejer d suaceb e of riehtoilleber n of doG ; and kn niwo g aht t ht e nU i et d S etat s is sla o a hc o es n tan ion to bear ht e epsoG l of lla

oitan n ,s w e hs o lu d be f frae ul sel t sla o a ive l s rip it of u ilebn ef na d s ufni ln se s laf l evo r this !noitan(What makes you think it co lu d happen to Israel and not to our n ta ion )?

I cnoc l edu trohs siht egassem w a hti wef row ds morf :somAoY“ u ylno evah I wonk n of la l ht e f eilima s of the htrae ; ht e rofer e I liw l sinup h you of r la l ruoy

uqini i eit s . Can wt o law k got e eht r, elnu ss they ra e rga e ?de ” (A om s 2:3 , )3ynaM , ‛I m diarfa , oy u th ni k eht y ra e erdlihc n of oG d na d eilimaf s of oG d ig ron e na d s nub s‛doG

rtcod i ,sen evil snoc t tna ly ni eber l ga noil a tsni oG d s‛ wal ,s nikniht g aht t eht y sla o ac n lac l sevlesmehta ihc l fo d doG w elih yeht era ivil ng dna ac gnit ni di emeergas nt wi H doG ht i .flesm

8-3 : A raH m no y of siH t yroA ha nomr y of hi rots y i s a nomrah y of ht e elbiB , na d a nomrah y of ht e lbiB e is a nomrah y fo

otsih ry . hT e B lbi e is ih s yrot , ht e most r lbaile e sih t ro y we h va e s cni e it is la so ht e oW rd of Go .denreW r elleK r ah s d no e a ow n red ful oj b of h nomra i niz g s ce ular ih s rot y na d cra h golea y tiw h Bi elb

sih t ro y in ih s oob k hT e lbiB e as iH s rot y.evewoH r in p tra i aluc r ahw t is naem t in the t lti e of “A H mra ony of H si t ro y” is pr rami ily ahw t eht

pA o lts e J ema s me na t ehw n du nir g ht e f sri t utnec r y he s :diawonK“ n nu to oG d are la l his krow s rf om ht e b ige n nin g of the dlrow . ” (A tc s 51 : )81

It is is g nacifin t aht t this is a touq e orf m ht e ltsopA e emaJ s na d orf m ht e oob k of tcA s as htobopA s elt s na d ht e rotsih y of tcA s liw l be ek y rotcaf s in tartsulli ing ht e nomrah y of ih s yrot . hT e A op s elt

emaJ s kops e seht e drow s voba e nirud g ht e icnuoC l at melasureJ , pa p letamixor y 46 A.D. rehw e uaP l dnaaB r aban s made a oper rt of ht e row k noma g ht e elitneG s . emaJ s aw s ht e otsap r of ht e cuhc h nieJ r asu l me , dna eh a esor ot kaeps eht l tsa sdrow . tsriF , he esraeher d oh w eteP r kops e of ht e row k fooG d noma g ht e neG t seli ; eht n J ma es etouq d orf m an lO d tseT a nem t ehporp t omA( s 21,11:9 ) to eht

netxe t aht t iht s ad y luow d moc e ehw n ht e elitneG s luow d es ek etfa r ht e oL rd. It is eht n aht t semaJofnier r ec s oh w oG d etciderp d this row k noma g ht e elitneG s by m nika g ht e nomrah y of yrotsih

nemetats t of how God knows la l iH s wo n w kro s orf m ht e ninnigeb g to ht e dne . hT e nerehni t noitacilpmiis sla o t hat oG d ekam s oht se krow s wonk n aeha d of ti .em

oG d ezinomrah s rotsih y rom e aht n ht r uo gh the Bi lb e as we liw l ol o k a t rom e solc ely in the txen retpahc . oG d is ht e G aer t ekaM r of yrotsiH . As ht e ltsopA e uaP l tel s us onk w in moR ans 71:9 , doG

dam e luces ar yrotsih yb ra gnisi pu orahP ah ot tes no eht rht o en fo tpygE in edro r to kat e rac e o f ehtdlihc ren of sI r .lea

-3 9 : hT e porP h ste , ht e Ap seltso , na d ht e Sp iri t of .tsirhChT e dohtem fo ralc i gniyf eht ah r ynom fo eht Bi elb (w hcih ni tu nr wi ll al os ier n of rce ht e omrah ny

of ih s yrot ) is tiw h a ucof s on :eht

95

;seltsopAht e orP p steh ; dnaeht tiripS fo tsirhC

In ht e edrocer d rotsih y of tcA s 51 , ht e elasureJ m oC n ecneref , we vah e ni f oitamro n uoba t 3opa s selt - luaP- , reteP , na d semaJ ; na d tiw h ht e drow s orf m nA”--semaJ d to iht s erga e ht e drow s of eht

ehporp t ...s ” tcA( s 51:51 ) we vah e ht e oisulcni n tiw h A eltsop s of ht e porP h ste ; na d neht rehtruf t hguohon t sp llacifice y etats d in A tc s 1 5 guohtla h eilpmi d we vah e t he mussa p oit n of the row k o f ht e tiripS

of irhC st etteb( r wonk n as ht e loH y tiripS ) in ht e nemegdelwonkca t aht t not o nly eod s oG d nk ow llaiH s krow s ub t aht t uorht gh ht e Sp iri t of C sirh t He dam e eht m .nwonk

eednI d, porP h ste , Ap seltso , na d ht e S rip it of C irh st let l ht e hw ole ts ory of ht e B elbi . In the 93koob s of ht e lO d tnematseT , it is the drow s of the porP h te s ht r guo h the iripS t of Ch tsir . reteP(ekam s aht t aelc r in I Pe et r 1:1 1 hw ich we w li l trohs ly ol ok at rom e c esol l .y ) In ht e 27 ob ok of ht e N we

nematseT t is f or m ht e A eltsop s tiw h ht e ytirojam , 14 koob s imoc ng orf m ht e opA s lt e luaP , no e morfthe Apostle Matthew, two orf m ht e ltsopA e reteP , no e rf o m ht e ltsopA e semaJ , na d so no . nA d eht

iripS t of Ch tsir , llew , at srif t in ht e ve e tn s of ttaM h we , aM rk, Lu ek , and oJ hn the Sp ri it of Ch ir st sawat row k on trae h in ht e Life o f C tsirh ; na d then i n tcA s as useJ s simorp ed ht e loH y Sp tiri , ht e o reht

sirhC t or etla“ r oge ” luow d oc m e na d do ht e row k o f useJ s on .htraeETON : In ht e th ri d mulov e of iht s ratnemmoc y tes , ebmemeR“ r yM ,sdnoB ht e iL fe na d 14 weN

nematseT t retteL s of ht e Ap ltso e ,luaP ” we liw l id s suc s ht e i ulfn e cn e of ht e A op s lt e uaP l in ht e gnitirwof stcA , ekuL , kraM , na d pahrep s eve n mos e on ht e Ap ltso e hoJ n in ht e nitirw g of hT“ e eN w eP n hcuetato f ht e opA s lt e ”.nhoJ

1. hT e ohtua r of ht e B lbi e is ht e iripS t of sirhC t or ht e Holy pS i tir . hT e Ap ltso e eteP r dam e siht.raelc

O“ f cihw h oitavlas n the orp p teh s h va e riuqni ed na d ehcraes d yltnegilid , w ho ehporp s ei d of ehtcarg e aht t moc e tnu o you ( g car e na d s avla t oi n of r ht e neG t eli s na d J swe ) : se cra h ni g tahw , or tahw

ennam r of mit e ht e iripS t of irhC st cihw h was in eht m id d fingis y ehw n it eifitset d naherofeb d ehtfo sgnireffus dna ,tsirhC eht yrolg ht at dluohs of l ol w . otnU w moh ti w sa er v delae , aht t on t otnu

ht e sm e vl es, but u nto us they did im n si te r the t ih ngs, cihw h ra e on w r pe o tr e d nu to you b y ht em ht atevah ehcaerp d ht e og s ep l tnu o you tiw h ht e loH y Sp ri t nes t wod n orf m vaeh en: cihw h th gni s ht e an slegised re to look tni o . (I teP er 01:1 - )21

hT e Pr po h te s of ht e lO d seT t nema t s guo ht ilid g ltne y af et r the las v oita n and carg e of Go .desehT mas e orP p teh s “p hpor e deis ” tiw h a itciderp ve nemele t ahead o f their wo n ih s ot r aci l t emi

ni redro ot llet fo eht ecarg a dn vlas a noit ht a ow t u dl oc me ot neG t seli dna eJ w .sesehT porP h te s se ehcra d of r ht e ennam r na d ht e t mi e aht t iht s las v oita n and carg e luow d .emoc

hT e mit e i s h acirotsi l mit e na d the ennam r is rap t o f ht e ve e tn s of otsih r .yIt aw s llaer y ht e S rip it of C irh st cihw h aw s in seht e P hpor ets aht t aw s is g niyfin g ht e ennam r dna

ht e mit e o f iht s g aer t oitavlas n.

06

amirP r li y ht e rP oph te s et s it f ei d a aeh d of ih s ot r aci l mit e uoba t ht e gnireffus s of ,tsirhC siH efilna d taed h on .htrae

hT e porP h te s sla o loterof d ht e rotsih y of ht e oitacifirolg n of sirhC t in iH s oitcerruser n orf m ehtaed d na d ht e As oisnec n cab k t o ht e gir ht nah d o f oG d i n .nevaeh

2. hT e Ap ltso e eteP r in ih s se noc d ep si tle (II P ete r) la so kam es it aelc r aht t siht tiripS fo tsirhCis ht e loH y S irip t nikrow g uorht gh ht e Pr tehpo s to kam e wonk n orp p yseh , the roW d of doG . (II reteP

12,02:1 ) In iht s mas e sap s ega , eteP r la so lmrif y es ehsilbat s a uf n tnemad al pr cni i lp e of iB b lacilpretni r noitate , aht t is, aht t t reh e is no p“ r tavi e etni r rp e noitat ” cihw h ex tsi s rapa t rf om ht e s elgnipretni r oitate n rf om ht e loH y S p .tiri

niwonK“ g iht s f tsri , aht t no orp p ceh y of the ircs p rut e is of na y tavirp e noitaterpretni . oF r ehtrp o ceh y mac e on t in lo d mit e by ht e liw l of nam : ub t holy em n of oG d sp ka e as eht y rew e om ved by eht

loH y ipS r .ti ” I( I eteP r )12,02:13 . hT e Ap ltso e eteP r sla o if r lm y hsilbatse e s ht e cS r erutpi s as nidulcni g the porP h te s na d eht

ipe s elt s of ht e Ap ltso e .luaPnA“ d nuocca t aht t t he gnol s ireffu ng of our roL d i s noitavlas : e ev n a s our voleb ed ehtorb r luaP

osla nidrocca g to ht e siw d mo nevig nu t mih o ah t irw h t net otnu sa ,uoy a osl in la l ih s ep eltsi s s gnikaepin eht m of seht e gniht s in cihw h ra e mos e gniht s rah d to be ednu r ots od, cihw h eht y aht t ra e denraelnuna d nu s lbat e erw st, as eht y do sla o ht e hto er rcs i utp r se , u tn o th ie r o wn tsed r oitcu n.” (II eP ter -51:3)71

ETON : eP ter k en w that the ep si t el s of uaP l were S irc p ut r se , id d P ua l la so know ht at he sawnitirw g rcS i rutp es; and w reh e did he snoc i ed r t ah t in ih s m sini t yr . This we liw l sucsid s in ht e driht

mulov e , bmemeR“ er My B dno s .”

01-3 : stcA , ht e lO d nematseT t idrocca gn to the eN w tnematseT , a dn ehtlepsoG s na d ht e .stehporP

ylsuoivbO , ht e h nomra y o f the iB ble na d h tsi ory oc uld on t i dulcn e la l uoba t ht e ltsopA e na d ehtporP h te s in a is n lg e vo mul e mmoc e atn ry . We sum t be s ele c it ve on ahw t noitrop s of eht elbiB b tse

pus p ro t ht e th me e of a mrah ony of tsih or y and of the biB le . Of esruoc , srif t o f la l liw l be ht e koobof stcA . At no e niop t in lrae y aitsirhC n rotsih y it aw s eredisnoc d the oob k of ht e Ap seltso . ehT n htiw

aht t cum h of Ch aitsir n h rotsi y na d W ro d of oG d be nih d us, we liw l l oo k at a kciuq s eew p of ht e dlOeT s mat ent in the eN w tnematseT . ihT s liw l be nod e b a y eewskciuq p o f la l the lO d tnematseTouq t ta i no s i n the eN w seT t ma e .tn

oF r elpmaxe , oy u ton ed no e of t soh e in ht e drow s from ht e Ap ltso e emaJ s at the eJ r lasu emefnoC r ecne . emaJ s etouq d orf m ht e ehporP t omA s uoba t ht e ow rk of sa itavl on aht t oG d luow d od

noma g ht e elitneG s . lleW , A tc s is luf l of cus h noitatouq s orf m ht e lO d seT t nema t Pr po h ste ; as llewas wehttaM , ht e gnitirw s of uaP l kil e werbeH s na d snamoR , as lew l as somla t la l 27 koob s of ht e N we

.tnematseT

16

hT e riht d na d anif l vitceles e ma enn r in cihw h we liw l ool k at ht e nomrah y of ht e lbiB e na d yrotsihis tiw h a ool k at hT“ e psoG els na d ht e Pr tehpo s” . ihT s is ahwemos t ler a et d to ht e skciuq w ee p of eht

lO d ematseT nt in the New Testament . Ho ew ver, first we will s ew ep only the Gospel s of Matthe ,wraM k, Lu ek , and oJ hn as A. T. ostreboR n ah s ael d ht e aw y no , no nit g ht e lO d atseT m ne t etouq s morf

the stehporP . ihT s liw l vah e a aiceps l siwt t nereffid t orf m ht e uoiverp s eews p in aht t ht e ucof s notob h ht e oG s ep ls and ht e ehporP t s liw l moc e orf m kraM . This sal t of ht e ht ree oitces ns of th si

ratnemmoc y luoc d sla o be ellac d ht e opA“ s elt s na d orP p steh ” even as ht e srif t f or m tcA s na d ehtnoces d from ht e lO d nematseT t in ht e eN w .tnematseT

REDAER ETON S:

26

hC a etp r 4: ehttaM w na d .suseJ

The soG pel ah s for nam y raey s b ee n ilbatse s eh d in ht e lO d tnematseT , na d emialcorp d in the weNnematseT t eve ry mit e aht t ehttaM w is daer , dehcaerp , o r thguat : el t us silbatse h na d ialcorp m it ni

ruo straeh a dn im n .sd teL su tegroF toN eht emirP Su tcejb fo t eh ohW--elbiB sI ?suseJ

ereH si na uo t enil rof a trohs egassem no sI ohW Je ?susnoitcudortnI

.I suseJ ohW si ot siH ropmetnoC a ?seir .II euqesbus seod ohW nt yrotsih yas suseJ ?si .III kO a ,y tel ‛ ta kool s hw a eht t biB le si dna w oh eht suseJ fo eht iB b el ?si

VI . ooL k a t pihsnoitaler s in gairram e na d .hcruhc/tsirhCcnoC l oisu n.

-4 1 : hW o Is useJ s to iH s metnoC p ?seirarohT e legna s rew e eiraropmetnoc s of llits--suseJ a er sa a ettam r of f na--tca d an legna decnuonna

rofeb e ht e if rst sirhC t am s a uob t ht e bi tr h of J suse . sohT e s epeh rds ah d no p anosre l xa e to nirg d saeht y were suj t uo t t reh e t dne ing eht ir olf cks b y n thgi . uO t in ht e dleif s aw s sla o ieht r h emo . yehT

ah d no nalp s aht t lneddus y th ie r evil s luow d be urretni p et d by an egna l na d a hgirb t il g th . ihT s legna:dias

eB“ h dlo , I gnirb uoy doog sgnidit fo f aerg t yoj , cihw h lahs l be to la l elpoep . oF r tnu o oy u is nrobiht s ad y in the tic y o f D iva d a uoivaS r, hw i hc si hC r si t the oL rd. ” kuL( e )11:2

‛tahT s ahw t ht e egna l th hguo t na d ahw t aw s lot d t o :yasA SA RUOIV , IH S NAME IS CH SIR T THE L DRO

hT e w esi nem w oh ac me morf eht Ea ts la so dah na noinipo ab tuo w“ oh suseJ ”?si tI was aetsam r tolp , oy u ees , if oy u ra e rt y ni g to kat e the rep s vitcep e of bus s neuqe t ih s rot y aht t I liw l tneserp

in a few emom nts f or m ht e nE c lcy o ep d ai s . hT e na gle ah s it in of r ht e slarebil , ht e drehpehs s ohwsp aer d ht e row d in eJ r elasu m uoba t ahw t eneppah d to eht m ah d it ni rof eht il b ,slare a dn won eht wi es

em n from ht e saE t ah d oc n ps i er d in a olp t to p or ve aht t seJ us is ht e Son of .doGoN , on t yllaer . hT e siw e em n h va e moc e la l the aw y f or m ht e ae st eb c sua e ht ey saw a inu que s rat

in ht e yks , na d eht y k en w to xe p ce t one aht t aw s rob n niK g of ht e weJ s as rp e etcid d in ht e dlO.tnematseTrehW“ e is he t ah t is rob n King of the J we s . For we vah e s en ih s ts a r in ht e ae st, and ra e emoc

to ihsrow p him. ” ( httaM ew )2:2nhoJ eht tsitpaB aw s sla o rap t of ht is co sn p ari cy to ced e vi e ht e lohw e dlrow . I h ta e to ap ep ar

so as r itsac c tub sa uoy iw ll ees al t re nehw I kool at eht cnE y epolc d ,sai eseht os c lla ed ni“ t elle c aut l ”s

36

na d larebil s ed se vr e ti ; na d I iw ll sla o sucsid s celletni“ t lau ” na d tcelletni“ ual ”ytsenoh . hoJ n ehttsitpaB as i lareves d t sgnih tuoba .suseJ

.1 ,tsriF eh dias ht at suseJ si ht e maL b of oG d aht t was eniadro d orf m rofeb e ht e noitadnuofof ht e lrow d na d p etcider d in the Old eT s emat nt t o os m e oh w kil e ht e evossap r mal b kat e a aw y eht

nis s of ht e dlrow . Ch ir s ait ns ac ll ht i s the ta o emn nt. eJ sus aw s dam e to be is n of r su , ht e useJ s ohwenk w no sin, in orde r that we hgim t be dam e ht e sensuoethgir s o f oG d guorht h miH . reH e is eht

nidrow g uoba t J ho n the B itpa s ‛t s p re s ano l te mits ony as ocer r ed d in J ho n 1 .92:eB“ h lo d ht e maL b of oG d aht t at k te h awa y the is n of the dlrow . ” J( ohn 2:1 9)hoJ n ‛ndid t co eripsn . B suace e h e sla o ias d as edrocer d in hoJ n 23:1 ,33 aht t he ‛ndid t wonk

erofeb h na d aht t iH s isuoc n useJ s aw s ht e sirhC t of ht e lO d tnematseT , ub t he was lot d by ht e emas oG d hw o nes t ih m to zitpab e aht t th re e luow d be no e ec r iat n am n aht t ehw n he ab p ezit d iH m ht e Sp tiri

of oG d uow ld necsed d in ht e rof m of a evod . hoJ n ias d I ezitpab d useJ s na d as w ht e iripS t of doGcsed e nidn g on Him . This is ht e p imor sed nO e that liw l tpab iz e in the S p iri t of !doG

lleW , we vah e hoJ n ht e B itpa st, a cnub h of siw e em n orf m ht e saE t aht t rew e on t as w si e na d ehtuqesbus ent yrotsih , a cnub h of drehpehs s hw o ah d s mo e exa d to gr dni . ‛teL s da d to the olp t by s gniee

oh w lkciuq y ht e 12 eltsopa s enioj d in the edarahc ! nO e o f ht e etal r to be ellac d eltsopa s aht t draehhoJ n eht tsitpaB eps ak was ,werdnA t eh rehtorb fo iS m no eteP r . An erd w dam e a nileeb e of r h si

ehtorb r na d t lo d h mi , W“ e h va e f nuo d the eM s ais s, cihw h is nieb g etni r rp e det , ht e Ch tsir .” hoJ( n )14:1Up to this point then we vah e op noin s of C irh st aht t He is eht : ruoivaS , sirhC t suseJ , niK g of eht

Jews aht t is to be pihsrow p de , ht e maL b of oG d aht t rp o ediv d itavlas on in ht e ota n tneme , na d ht e enOaht t luow d zitpab e tiw h ht e ripS it of doG , na d orf m erdnA w ht e tw o drow s sirhC t na d aisseM s ro

haisseM , no e be ni g the rG eek of r C sirh t and the hto er rbeH ew . hT e C“ h ir s ot s” o r eM“ s ais h” saw simorp ed in ht e lO d nematseT t aht t luow d b e ht e en w niK g, ht e ivaS o ru , the rP o hp et kil e sesoM , eht

maL b that kil e t he cas r aicifi l mal b luow d kat e awa y ht e s ni s of ht e .dlrowI luoc d on t ucsid ss mitset o ein s from ht e metnoc p eiraro s of eJ sus uohtiw t itnem o gnin spahrep

ht e som t uomaf s no e of lla , that of S omi n Pe ret . nA d really when S omi n teP er g va e ih s pers lanoet s mit ony as er c ro ded in taM t eh w 16 1: 6 it aw s as a sp amseko n rof eht elohw puorg fo 12 seltsopa

suaceb e ht e co revn s oita n eewteb n eht m na d eJ sus etrats d tiw h useJ s niksa g la l ht e selpicsid , ohW“do em n say tha I t the So n of Man , ?ma ” M( att 16 31: ) hT e lohw e gr uo p ag v e the in aiti l na s rew s so emas y hoJ n ht e sitpaB t moc e cab k to effil , mos e as y hajilE , hto er as y reJ e haim , na d lits l rehto s as y enofo eht rehto .stehporp

eJ sus s dia , “Who do oy u as y aht t I ”maIt aw s eteP r aht t na s erew d of r ht e uorg p iht s emit , s gniya , ohT“ u ra t ht e hC r si t ht e oS n of eht

nivil g oG .d ” ( httaM ew )61:61So in srever e edro r we evah : ht e oS n fo ,doG t eh ,tsirhC eht Me haiss w hcih si rof werbeH tsirhC

ht e esimorP d nO e of ht e lO d atseT m tne , ht e maL b aht t ta ek s wa ay ht e nis s of ht e dlrow , ht e nO e ohwow u dl ne d wo the ripS yloH i ,t eht Sa ,ruoiv eht K fo gni eht weJ .s

46

eW luoc d sla o nieb g trof h ht e ep r anos l set t nomi y of Dr. kuL e as edrocer d in ht e oG s ep l of L ,ekuaht t sla o o f kraM , na d hoJ n ht e eltsopA , or wehttaM , or eduJ , or semaJ ; ub t it luow d b e es nes t yllai

ht e mas e as daerla y deton . oH w reve , in edro r to be telpmoc e we luohs d ton e a etnoc m rarop y ynomitsetof a eJ w hw o is rep h pa s ht e som t uomaf s xen t to omiS n reteP ; na d aht t is ht e ltsopa e born uo t of eudt mi e as he ellac d lesmih f cnis e he wa ‛ns t reht e noma g ht e anigiro l ewt l ev , na d aht t of sruoc e i s eht

pA o lts e luaP . cniS e P ua l srep o llan y torw e 10 of ht e 27 koob s of ht e eN w nematseT t tiw h m na y p re s lanoeinomitset s to useJ s it is fid f luci t to onk w cihw h no e to hc o .es

nA d rofeb e I sohc e lno y eno , el t us rb i fe ly ol ok at mos e of the derc e lait s of ht e Ap ltso e .luaPuaP l aw s a al w rey , a edael r in the siweJ h oitan n b rofe e he maceb e a irhC s nait . H e aw s la so a Ro nam

nezitic . H e kops e na d torw e in es v are l egaugnal s na d ah d one of the b est e tacud i no s of ih s yad . fOesruoc , aw s we rael n uoba t ih m he is nitucesrep g irhC s snait . uaP l as kuL e edrocer d of r us in ht e koob

of tcA s ah d a uolevram s oisrevnoc n cneirepxe e on ht e r ao d to ucsamaD s rehw e he aw s niog g to tuprom e hC r naitsi s into irp so n of r ieht r ileb e f in eJ sus as the irhC s .t

Now, it is ht is Ap ltso e P ua l aht t evig s us 10 koob s of ht e eN w nematseT t aht t are luf l foeinomitset s to suseJ . W hcih eno od ew c ?esoh I ht i kn ti w dluo ha ev ot eb ihP l aipil ns 11-9:2 a s a

rammus y of la l le se h e .etorwroferehT“ e oG d sla o ah s lhgih y etlaxe d Him na d ig ven Him ht e n ma e cihw h is voba e reve y n ,ema

aht t at the man e of Je us s eve ry enk ee sh luo d ,wob fo esoht ni evaeh n, dna fo t esoh on htrae , na d fosoht e ednu r ht e htrae , dna ht at yreve gnot ue dluohs c ssefno taht Je sus tsirhC is droL , to ht e yrolg

of oG d ht e F .rehta ” ( pilihP p nai s )11-9:2uaP l dda s droL“ ” to ht e sil t tiw h eJ sus hC r tsi ! In ht e lbiB e t reh e is ht e ROL: D oG d thgimlA y rof

ht e lnevaeh y ehtaf r na d reht e is ht e L ro d useJ s irhC st of r eJ sus of N htraza . aD vid esserpxe d ehtwt o in lasP m na d eteP r etouq d it as r edroce d in cA ts th ta : “the L RO D s ia d to my droL , es t on my thgir

nah d un it l I kam e uoy r imene e s oy ur fo sto t .”loo

2-4 : hW o Is useJ s droccA ing to sbuS e euq nt Hi ts o ?yroN w el t me ialpxe n to oy u ahw t I etceles d in o edr r to r erpe s ne t ahw t uqesbus ent rotsih y sgniht

uoba t suseJ : ht e en cyc l aidepo s ciremA a ,an tirB a cinn a, dna oC l .sreil woN ni emos w sya siht si aekatsim . If I ed s eri d to llaer y ut rn htemos ing uoba t naelopaN , or oeG rge W sa h ni g ot n, or iB lly Gr maha

or yna one e sl e I uow ld se cel t a ob ok tirw ten by so oem ne t hat rimda ed aht t ep r os n na d aht t had onhto er xa e t o irg nd . H evewo r cnis e we vah e rev y tauqeda e ecruos s orf m ht e 4 tsilegnave s na d srehto

in ht e lbiB e na d a rev y ral ge dob y of C naitsirh s uorht gh ht e c tne u ir es that p or f se s a pers lanoneirepxe ce wi ,tsirhc ht spahrep in an to her aw y I s ele c et d the m oja r ti y o ip n oi n in the E ylcn c ol p saide

fo eht w dlro ab tuo .suseJ1 . mA e cir a .an

eJ“ w hsi hcaet er fo eht tsrif ,yrutnec ” is ht e aw y ht e olcycnE p ide a naciremA a geb ins the itra c elon useJ“ s C ”tsirh . lleW , I s oppu se aht t oy u ac n not cejbo t ot o cum h tiw h aht t na d it si eurt al hguoht

56

it ow r ir es you la r dae y as an un sred t ta e nem t. And oy u rla e ad y s ne se a less aht n ded i etac d Ch ir s naitorppa a .hc

ehT n it co em s : “C rh i ts i na s ialc m to h va e eb en the p or p eh s ei d M se s ai h na d ht e ivaS our nes t yboG d to all pe po l ”e . We ll , E cycn l po e aid s ra e tirw te n for oM s smel , B ihdu st, na d u n eileb v re s as lew l sa

.snaitsirhC nA d at sael t he or the uorg p nidulcni g ht e hc ief e tid or is oh n se t ne g uo gh to imda t of tahwom st Ch ir s ait ns do .mialc

ehT n it eog s on to as y how luciffid t it is to tr ae t J se us H smi elf in a bi go r pa h aci l f sa h oi n as wh tawe vah e is eirutnec s of ahw t ralohcs s evah guoht ht of iH m ni s aet d of na y real ecruos s pecxe“ t ht e weN

matseT e .”tn2 . B ir t nna i .acI sum t aer d this in edro r of r oy u t o iag n the t e ron , .cte

useJ“ s C tsirh , manyb e J USE S OF AG L ELI E, or J USE S OF NA TERAZ H ( rob n ppa r etamixo ly 6CB in aduJ ea na d eid d pa p or x mi a let y AD 30 in f,melasureJ o ednu r of irhC s ytinait , sohw e deed s dna

sem s ra e ra e ocer r ed d in the New ematseT n .”tI sum t s ot p eh re to kam e a ef w stnemmoc : (1) I hope aht t it id d not evo r edrub n eht ir

tni e cell t au l tsenoh y na d iftneics c ohtem d to rocer d aht t useJ s was rob n na d eid d in mret s of ehtennam r in cihw h we tad e tsih o yr , BC for eB f ro e Ch sir t na d A D of r etfa r A nn o nimoD o of r etfA r siHhtaeD ; na d 2( ) ht e ednuof r of Ch ir s ait n ti y I se ir o su ly be eil ve that Je us s luow d not naw t to cl ia m th ta

He ats r et d the of rms of hC r aitsi n ti y ot day aht t e six t t ah t ap rp o letamix y o ev r 05 % fo eht wo dlr at tsetto lacer( l aht t aorb d is ht e aw y aht t dael s to rtsed u oitc n na d an r or w the aw y that el ads to il fe et re n laos eht taht m ytiroja iw ll ton eb be .sreveil

I aer d erom : nidroccA“ g to ht e oG s ep l stnuocca , im r uolca s eve nts us r ednuor d ht e oitpenoc n dnatrib h of Je us s .”

seY , ht e hs e hp ers and ht e iw se em n t uoh gh t so, .cte lnO“ y a few isolated incidents are known of ht e raey s that evretni ned rofeb e ih s p ilbu c ,yrtsinim

cihw h ageb n ehw n he aw s ezitpab d by hoJ n the itpaB st . In the c mo pany of 12 A eltsop s, suseJaerp c eh d a ssem age o f er l oigi us rofer m na d ivid ne vol e ”.

Wow, iht s is a oog d tona her rep s vitcep e na d ce lniatr y aht t of a arebil l lautcelletni : aht t eJ s suliramirp y ehcaerp d a gassem e of uoigiler s rofer m na d id v ni e ol ve. I uow ld ga ree t ah t J se us did ht at

rev y dnoces a ;ylir b tu mirp a ylir eH erp a dehc a egassem fo as l noitav t hguorh iH s man e na d of ht e evolof God in p or v nidi g miH s le f as an ota n neme t for t he is ns of ht e ow r .dl

M“ any mi ar c el s w re e a rtt i tub ed t o him, and h e a rtt a tc ed un m uore s fo ll owe ”.srIn a ef w tnemom s I liw l moc e to ht ose arim c el s tta r ubi ted to iH m and in ap r ucit lar ht e iB ble sa

a ailer bl e ih s acirot l na d W ord of oG d re .drociH“ s g r wo in g influence alarmed Jewish dna R namo a tirohtu e ;s eh was saw a detserr sa a

ekamelbuort r na d eificurc d ednu r amoR n law . eileB f in ih s oitcerruseR n orf m ht e aed d maceb e t ehcof us o f ht e r e gil ion ht at ved e epol d ora und his et a ihc n ”.sg

66

ndooG e ,ss oy u luow d t ih nk tha t the Se omr ns that omiS n eteP r rp e ehca d mmi e letaid y etfa r ehtoitcerruseR n na d necsA s oi n of Je us s rew e h rae d by no one, as if they ah d even r eeb n edrocer d by .rD

kuL e in ht e oob k of stcA . hT e nomres s aht t eklat d ab uo t suseJ ‛ gnihcaet s ub t ramirp ily uoba t siHtaed h on ht e sorc s of r ht e is ns of the lrow d as tciderp ed by esoM s, divaD , na d hto er lO d tnematseT

.stehporPhT“ e mret suseJ rhC i ,ts oh w ton ,reve no ly sed i etang a d rotsih i ac l osrep n hw o vil e in elaP s enit

nirud g eht ngier fo eht R namo em srorep sutsuguA dna irebiT us tub al os no e hw o ah s b ee n the jbo e tcof naitsirhC fa hti dna pihsrow rof a tsoml 20 nec t .seiru esehT wt o sed i itang ons am y be id s gnit u hsi e ,dub t t eh y c nna ot b e es p ra a et d ”.

eS e oh w eht y ra e ninnigeb g an roffe t to tarapes e ht e acirotsih l useJ s na d ht e useJ s of otsih ryorf m ht e useJ s aht t is hguat t na d ehcaerp d in derdnuh s of ehcruhc s sorca s ht e oitan n na d ht e !dlrowoslA , oy u onk w I siw h I ah d mit e to go ht r guo h th ie r nemtaert t in ht e olcycnE p aide s to see if yeht evah

mis i al taert r m stne rof sutsuguA and biT e ro suir neve opaN l .noe oT ees fi t eh y rt y to tarapes e ehtih s ot r aci l snosrep morf eht my lacits tneserp yad pecnoc t .s cihW h r llae y emoc s wod n ot , rf om rieht

,evitcepsrep as eht nereffid ce teb w nee eht suseJ fo eht elbiB and eht rotsih i lac J .suseesehT“ wt o oitangised ns yam be gnitsid u ,dehsi but yeht ca tonn eb apes r eta d . roF tsomla

tyreve h ni g wonk n uoba t ht e acirotsih l osrep n emoc s orf m ht e troper s of soht e hw o esserdda d f htiana d wo ihsr p to ”.mih

oY u es e ahw t aht t o ev r kool s na d I liw l sucsid s it of r ht e riht d tniop : 1( ) it koolrevo s aht t ehtlbiB e is a rev y id f neref t oob k aht t ialc ms to be ht e roW d of oG d na d as cus h is ev ry lisae y pr ;elbavo

na d 2( ) it koolrevo s ht e cepsa t of et n sucsid sed in hC r aitsi n Ap citegolo s na d irhC s ait n ecnedivE s as otht e tilibailer y o f ht e tset i nom y of the uof r E ilegnav s st . S ltroh y I liw l moc e to soht e tam t re s dna

cihposlihp a yll woh fitneics ic dna letni l utce al a hcus l larebi hcaorppa er a yll .sihT“ e trop r tia s of Je us s in ht e soG p le s ra e the tset i nom y of tiaf‘ h to .htiaf ‛ It is erofereht

im op s lbis e to w tir e a ib o hparg y of seJ us in ht e vnoc e itn o an l snes e of the w dro . rehtaR , no e ispmoc e lel d t o ard w a rutcip e o a f erutcip , to bircsed e eJ sus on the isab s of ht e aw y he saw

mer e bm e er d b y ht e b ile e niv g c mo m inu ty ht at ot ok ih s n a ”.emoY u ees , at sael t in ih s wo n nim d or in ht e nim d of ht e uorg p of retirw s o/dna r ht e eihc f rotide

eht y evah arapes t de eht tsih o lacir suseJ morf eb l sfei uoba t seJ u s as yeht evlove d, yeht evahetarapes d eve n the lbiB e re roc d uoba t eJ sus orf m ahw t is eveileb d dot ay na d aht t evlove d retal . Y uo

luow d niht k taht eht e aitness ls fo tahw ew be eveil uoba t ht e il fe, gnihcaet s, selcarim , er s ,noitcerruna d ttaed h of C irh st ved e pol ed in hi ots r y tfa er ht e lpmoc e oit n of ht e lbiB e ocer r !d

oH“ w rotcafsitas y no e dnif s cus h a pi rutc e of a p rutci e eped nds in rap t opu n ht e cnederc e enois daer y to sa sgn to ht e so secru - ht- e nuoma t of oib g acihpar l fni o oitamr n aht t ht e ecruos s orp v di e si

hgils t ”.In la l iht s er v nille g in hi acirots l buod t na d un eileb f I um st kam e a ranimilerp y s nemetat t neve

rofeb e I moc e to ht e xen t tniop : We onk w ht e ecruos s uoba t feileb s in suseJ , it is ht e oob k of ehtlbiB e cihw h is llaer y a arbil ry or an lcycne o idep a or 39 bo ko s in ht e lO d atseT m ne t na d 27 koob s in eht

76

eN w tnematseT . It was ettirw n by evo r 40 rohtua s evo r derdnuh s of raey s rf om ht e otsih r lacirep s evitcep , na d it aw s rw i ett n by God iH m es lf f or m ht e al r eg r p sre p vitce e tiw h pr oo f of sti

us p re n uta ral igiro n noma g ehto r yaw s ht e aw y noitciderp s in ht e lO d nematseT t rew e fu ellifl d in ehtfil e of C .tsirh

.3 eilloC r .suseJ“ s irhC st . iF g ru e wh o i n odohtro x aitsirhC n feileb , ednuof d ytinaitsirhC , nieb g eht

racni n oita n of oG d hw o us f ref ed on the orc ss to vas e dniknam .”

3-4 : hT e secruoS , ht e Bi lb e na d the koob s of the biB l .ehT e se larebiL s or at sael t n atimmoc-no ls ra e ri hg t uoba t no e iht ng na d t tah

is ht e tilibailer y of ht e secruoS , ht e lbiB e na d ht e koob s of ht e lbiB e . I am gniog

to introduce you briefly to Christian Apologetic s and its sub-field of Christian Evidence s wh ci h Ies r uoi sly buod t aht t ht e w retir s o/dna r rotide s of ht e aidepolcycnE s eve n onk w stsixe ; na d if eht y dideht y id d on t oitnem n it in ieht r elcitra s ihw ch utcelletni“ al ytsenoh ” nidrocca g to otlE n beurT l oo d eht

olihp s ehpo r of r gile ion luow d de dnam . hposolihP y of oigileR n laed s tiw h ht e rev y p osolih p acih l snoitseuquoba t oG d na d rt u ht , lihw e Ch ir s ait n Ap golo e cit s de la s tiw h the uq e its ons ba out ht e ixe s cnet e of ,doG

ht e oitaerC n of ht e esrevinU , na d emitemos s eve n ht e rp o fo s uoba t J use s hC r si t as ht e Son of .doGtsuJ to n ma e mos e of ht e ssalc i ac l krow s luow d be hT“ e edivE nce of oG d In an nidnapxE g U revin s ”e

by oM sma in cihw h 40 sitneics t llet s rom e th ie r icsid p enil s aer son to eileb ve in doG . emmiR r dnaranreB d maR m ah d od ne gr ae t krow s o n cS i cne e na d oitaerC n na d b koo s on irhC s ait n pA o citegol s dna

divE e ecn s i est l .fwoN , ediseb s no oitnem n fo naitsirhC ivE d secne ni eht cycnE l saidepo os m gnihte esle in nedive t:

aht t eht y even r aer d ht e os u secr . In hto re row ds yeht reven er ad eht biB le rof esmeht l sa sev arutam e tluda . hW en ht ey lat k uoba t w ir nit g an lcitra e on an a elcitr , a epap r on a repap , eht y eraniklat g uoba t nitirw g eht ir tiuq e etxe n is ve itra c el s on eJ sus C irh st by re nida g o eht r ‛nem s elcitra s ro

eirammus s on useJ s tsirhC . rehT e ra e ed cu a et d lpoep e ud mb in the biB le . I rad e as y aht t eht y era ninoitcnuf g in an luda t lrow d tiw h a ‛dlihc s ep r anos l adnuS y cS h oo l or icetac sm egelwonk , or so gnihtem

railimis , in ht e aw y of gdelwonk e uoba t ht e B elbi . nA d aht t is ht e aw y it llareneg y si . iwrI n niL t no , ohwecitcarp d al w ofeb re ht e puS r me e Co ru t of ht e U etin d S setat , ah s rw i ett n a b oo k en eltit d “A reywaLenimaxE s ht e elbiB ” in cihw h he s ia d in av r lbai e if s mo e one t lo d him that they did not eb l ei ve th ta

useJ s tsirhC si eht noS fo G ,do neht nehw asked vaH“ e oy u aer d ht e lbiB e of r lesruoy f as a erutam,tluda ” ht e ewsna r was wla ays on . And sla o i f cus h a rep son id d aer d ht e lbiB e of r lesmeht ves neht

eht y mac e to eileb ve in useJ s irhC s .tnA d lihw e I am on ht e cejbus t of sreywal . I onk w a ol t of lpoep e lims e ehw n oy u oitnem n la sreyw

in oitcennoc n with ytinaitsirhC , ub t ht e oitatuper n of reywal s use to be cum h be ett r aht n won . A dnal w rey s do na d eve n rom e i n ht e p sa t id d aed l tiw h ecnedive . yawynA , ht e cne y olc p aide s er g er t tahtht e lno y s cruo e of oitamrofni n uoba t useJ s is wehttaM , na d kraM , na d ekuL , na d nhoJ , na d luaP , dna

maJ e ,s na d J edu , na d P ete r, na d cte . Well Si om n G er e eln af the fo emr r aed n of ht e aH r av rd waL

86

oohcS l torw e a oob k titne le hT“ e nomitseT y of ht e stsileganvE ” in cihw h he suj t ekcol d in o n ht e of urepsoG l wehttaM---sretirw , kraM , ekuL , na d nitats--nhoJ g aht t ht e einomitset s of eht se uof r luow d eb

sufficient to stand up in any court of la .wAt iht s niop t el t me aed l w ti h a euq s oit n om re p lih o os p cih al cihw h is at ht e h rae t of the lborp em

tiw h ht e aidepolcycnE . In ht e fitneics ic ohtem d we luow d lac l i a t psiderp o oitis n to orp ve .esiwrehtoIn ehto r drow s i f oy u rt u le y aw nt to onk w the t r tu h of a yh p to h se is you ac ton n noc c o edul t wreh i esat eht nnigeb i .gn rO detats rehtona w ya yb R .A. killiM an eht lebon ezirp w gninni syhp i sic t t eh

ifitneics c do on t yawla s ca t itneics fic on r do the de u itac on ca t in a f autca l, ob cej t vi e nam n re . liM l nakiow n ht e oN bel zirp e in hp y cis s of r ht e uomaf s akilliM n io l ord p nemirepxe t ihw ch evorp d aht t eht

ortcele n is a tercsid e lcitrap e of a ificeps c egrahc . He hguat t at ht e tisrevinU y of gacihC o rehw e ehosla ekrow d on ht e attahnaM n cejorp t aht t epoleved d ht e At imo c oB mb. taL er he aw s P er s edi nt of laChceT . An awy y erutcel d at gral e Un revi s eiti s na d torw e a oob k on soht e erutcel s ellac d “The noitulovE

of cneicS e na d eR l .noig ” He lot d of oh w ih s ollef w sitneics t at ht e ninnnigeb g of ht e teitnewt h yrutnecs ia d aht t la l ht e eirevocsid s ah d erla ady eeb n dam e in neics ce, it uow ld lno y iamer n of r f utu re

tareneg i sno ot evorpmi eht cca u icar es fo esoht revocsid i .seleW l cnis e aht t adua c uoi s na d itneicsnu c cnoc l oisu n noma g ht e s tsitneic s yar-X s rew e id s evoc r ,de

tan u ar l ytivitcaoidar , ht e otohp e irtcel c fe f cef t na d ht e ved e nempol t of utauq m yhp s sci , ht e cimotabmob , na d on na d no . oY u es e ht e tniop , ht e rev y ude c eta d and the very s eic n it fic hw en that is ht e yaw

ht ey naw t it ac n be rev y acigolli l na d non - cifitneics . woN , ht e ph posoli hy of iler g oi n laed s tiw h esohtoitseuq n ;s tub I referp t eh erom oc n eterc a hcaorpp fo itsirhC an nevidE c .se

ehW n ht e E olcycn p aide s oot k on ht e uoS r ec s cihw h is the iB ble of 66 oob ks eht y id d on t r ezilaeaht t eht y rew e nikat g on ht e som t lbavorp e of ht e Ch ir s ait n Ap golo e scit . eH re w e ah ve a ob ok hcihwmialc s to be drow s orf m oG d na d ht e roW d of oG d cihw h we ac n itsevni g ta e of r ou vlesr es. We ac n teg

uo r dnah s on it na d nimaxe e tob h the anretni l na d ht e e retx nal ive d cne e aht t it is r llae y ahw t it alc i smto eb . hT e ecnedive s reh e ra e lofinam d as aD y ah s etsil d so qeda u leta y in hT“ e oW n ed r of ht e W ,”droor eltteN s in hT“ e repuS n aruta l igirO n of ht e ”elbiB , or W enre r in hT“ e lbiB e as otsiH r ”y : secnedive

kil e 1( ) ht e et s mit ony of g aer t em n t o ht e B elbi ; (2) the ni f cneul e on noitazilivic ; (3) ht e p snoitciderin ht e lO d nematseT t f elliflu d in ht e weN ; 4( ) ht e p anosre l xe p cneire e tiw h ti ; na d so .no

I kil e aht t sal t tw o na d suaceb e of ht e sentrohs s of my mit e I w li l lfeirb y col k it on soht e tw .o

)1( . sreP o an l irepxE e .ecnAs a enihC se retni p eter r ias d as he aw s nitalsnart g the oob k of namoR s tni o h is vitan e :egaugnal

hT“ e no e hw o torw e iht s oob k is ht e no e hw o am de em . He llet s me t h ni gs ab uo t sym elf t ah t n o enosle e k on w ”.s

)2( . noitciderP s aht t moc e .eurtesoM sraey s oga to dl eht eH b wer na noit eht d fi f re e ecn eb t ew en a laer tehporP dna a eslaf

orp p teh . If ht e orp p eh t tciderp s nihtemos g na d it ‛nseod t eppah n aht t is a slaf e rp oph te , ub t if ehtciderp s na d it ppah ens aht t i s a aer l orP p .teh

96

So cum h of ht is is tru e uoba t ht e Pr tehpo s of ht e lO d tnematseT . So nam y noitciderp s tuobaearsI l na d uoba t ht e life na d taed h na d oitcerruser n of useJ s rew e etciderp d ht at mac e eurt . roFtiverb y kas e I atnemom r li y col k in o n ht e cr so s na d some of oht se pr de i snoitc . ooL k ni g at lno y oneetpahc r in nhoJ , pahc ter 91 , aht t r e droc s some of ht e otsih r aci l tneve s of ht e icurc f .noixi

.)1( lasP m 22 :18 pr etcide d aht t the amoR n s redlo s luow d divid e na d eht n sac t tol s or lbmag e rofht e tnemrag s of useJ s, ht e inut c cihw h aw s a elmaes ss nemrag t t ah t eht y id d on t rised e to sp il t otni

uof r rap ts as ht e r se t of ht e mrag e stn . hT e tca ual ve ent is ocer r ed d in J ho n 1 .42,32:9.)2( lasP m 2:42 0 etciderp d aht t no a nob e in C ‛tsirh s dob y luow d be nekorb . oY u acer ll ht e yrots

oh w ehtar r aht n vael e ht e eidob s on ht e orc ss at nus set eht y luow d erb ak ht e enob s to etsah n .htaedhT e reidlos s id d in ht e sac t of ht e owt t seveih urc c deifi no ei reht edis fo Je ,sus ub t when t eh y emac

to sirhC t H e aw s aed d erla ad y na d in edro r to orp ve aht t they eip r ec d ih s s di e tiw h a raeps . tuOolf wed bl oo d and w ta e .r

.)3( airahceZ h 1:21 0 rp e etcid d aht t rhC i ‛ts s en eime s luow d ool k on o r ag p on Him ehw n yehtecreip d HIm . ihT s is ocer r ed d in hoJ n 1 73-43:9 . nA d w e luoc d go on na d .no

4-4 : rhC i ts , egairraM , a dn ht e cruhC .hkaM e a sal t op int with a ev ry pr ca tical c apmo riso n ewteb en sirhC t na d eht

cruhc h na d suh b na d an d fiw e in ma egairr . I liw l on t aed l tiw h ht e ilos d itsal ng irram a eg

aht t mrofnoc s to ht e p retta n of the elbiB - no- e lam e na d lamef e enioj d ehtegot r of r -efil -as I liw l tonrt y ot laed iw th eht dilos re tal i pihsno teb w nee tsirhC na d ht e Ch hcru , vidni i aud l rebmemhcruhc s htiw

irhC s t na d tcelloc ive the atot l cruhc h tiw h Ch sir t . taR her I naw t to lat k uoba t tob h sirhC t na d ehtcruhc h na d gairram e in te mr s of eniarts d spihsnoitaler : 1( ) degnartse , rehw e eht y ra e not ecrovid d tub

do on t co etacinumm ; 2( ) rehw e t eh y are se tarap ed; na d (3) id v cro e flesti . oN w oh w uow ld oy u erapmocaht t ht e a tsirhC ian and His ruhc ch of ht e w loh e c ruh ch na d tsirhC . W lle , (1) ht e e degnarts

snoitaler hip luow d be rehw e h e is on t p niyar g re lralug y na d nidaer g ih s B elbi . oY u sh luo d lat k to ruoyfiw e at sael t reve y yad . hT e noces d 2( ) ht e etarapes d luow d be w reh e ht e aitsirhC n or ruhc ch has

esaec d to be a friend of Christ . Remember, Jesu s said “ oY u are my friend s if you do what I haveednammoc d .uoy ” S o ht e es p etara d irhC s it an or hc u hcr sah ec a des ot od t eh sgniht taht tsirhC

.dednammoc3( ) drihT , ht e aitsirhC n or cruhc h id v ecro d rf om irhC st . ahT t is rehw e eht y vah e moc e to eht

niop t of nivil g na d tivitca y w uohti t eve n nikniht g uoba t hw at sirhC t na d oG d tnaw . hT e dr ivi ng fo ecrah s moceb e ahw“ t I ”tnaw . hT e ed s eri s of les f na d p nosre s vah e moc e to calper e ht e liw l of irhC s .t

ottoB m niL e:egroeG W. teurT t ereviled d ih s uomaf s omres n hW“ o Is eJ s ?su ” in cihw h he vda o etac d that ylno

erht e rppa o ehca s ra e dam e to J suse : (1) aht t He aw s oog d na d lrettu y ahw t He emialc d to eb ; (2) tahtHe aw s dab , evieced d na d on t to be b eveile d at lla ; na d 3( ) ahT t H e aw s oog d ub t dam . He ieced v de

flesmiH no hw a eH t aer l yl w .sa

07

lleW , I ht ink aht t eht re is a uof rth that i s r llae y rom e pr nelave t yadot . nA d aht t i s ht e p poe lehw o vah e not oht u hg t ab uo t it at la l. hW o vah e on t s ire o lsu y eeb n etnorfnoc d tiw h ht e noitseuq , ohW“

do oy u as y that useJ s si

5-4 : useJ s na d hT e B redliu s of yrotsiHehW n esoM s mac e to aorahP h tiw h ht e ed m na d orf m oG d to el t the c lih d er n of sI r ea l go, P ah r hao

aw s ekcohs d nikniht g aht t he was ht e elur r over ygE pt . hT e r elu r hw o uoht ght he aw s ht e p etto r didon t onk w aht t in tilaer y he aw s ht e yalc . hT e edliub r of h rotsi y hw o th hguo t he aw s in ortnoc l dnaam k ni g ih s rot y w a s i n r ae l ti y b nie g c rtno o ll ed b y God and su ed b y God to am ke ete r an l otsih r .y

hT e A op s lt e uaP l e rpx e ss ed it in iht s ennam r in amoR n s :9oF“ r ht e rutpircS e yas s to P ah r oa h, “Even for this s ma e esoprup I evah desiar uoy ,pu taht

I hgim t ohs w M y ewop r in uoy , na d aht t My man e hgim t eb deralced lla tuohguorht eht ”.htraemoR( ans 9: )71

:dnAseoD“ ton eht rettop evah rewop revo eht c ”...yal snamoR( 9 )a12:

etfA r aorahP h r etceje d ‛doG s named d rht o gu h M eso s, oG d s etrat d g ltne y to noc v cni e ahP r haohw o was yllaer ni tlu i etam lortnoc yb am k gni lla eht wa ret fo tpygE elbaknirdnu . hT e itneics sts dna

reenigne s of ht e ad y etacilpud d ht e feat so aht t ehw n oG d g va e aorahP h eves n yad s to niht k ,tuobaaorahP h ediced d aht t h e aw s st li l ht e lur er and i n c no t or l, luow d on t ahc nge his m dni , na d t eh n emac

ht e sgorf . tsigoloiB s ac n kam e gorf s osla , na d lits l aorahP h iced ded aht t he was ht e aer l edliub r footsih ry. hT e riht d nemgduj t was ecil , ht e truof h aw s a sw ra m of seilf , ht e tfif h aw s on ht e lttac e fo

ht e tpygE i na s ylno , the txis h aw s a ed s itcurt ve iah l us ch a s ah d not b ee n seen in Eg py t . This sawla m tso ot o cum h of r haorahP , he ellac d of r esoM s na d oraA n niyas g aht t oG d was uoethgir s na d he dahnis n de . hT en, no do tbu , he aw s er m dni ed by his f lle ow ivda s ro s na d co oh rts as to hw o llaer y ar n gE y ,tpna d h e s lit l re euf d to el t the ch erdli n of I ears l og . oG d eht n s ne t ht e p ugal e of tucol s , na d neht

krad n sse of r erht e syad . aorahP h dias , yakO“ , oy u can go ub t oG d ah s to moc p simor e tiw h m e by uoynivael g uoy r lttac e .ereh ” oY u ees , at l sae t he etnaw d lah f lortnoc ! ltsaL y mac e taed h on la l eht

robtsrif n noma g ht e tpygE i sna , na d llanif y tiw h aht t Ph aora h el t eht m go ! oY u ees , even eht n af retoitaredisnoc n na d ht e erdlihc n of earsI l ah d rc o ess d ht e eR d aeS , ahP r ao h ediced d to use ih s army ot

ohs w hw o aw s in lortnoc . oY u onk w ht e yrots : la l ht e stoirahc , ac p sniat , na d mra y of pygE t rew e dellikni eht oolf d gni wa .sret

Now, rehw e is my p tnio : if oy u to aer d a b oo k to ad y on the h tsi ory of ygE pt, I od ubt if oy u dluowaer d ihtyna ng tuoba t eseh tnemgduj s of oG d on Eg tpy , llaicepse y of ht e oitcurtsed n of ht e mra y in eht

eR d aeS . nA d i f you id d i t ow uld dulcni e a il e uoba t oh w it pah p dene . hT e epapswen rs of the yad , ehtacol l og s is p, na d ht e ih s ot ry im ght r ae d s emo t ih ng like th si : A“ rmy llatnedicca y ellik d in erf ak lf o ”.do

1. oG d esreveR d ht e rotsiH y kaM ers by M nika g ht e tS one hw ich the Bu dli ers jeR e etc d ht e daeHenroC r .enots

rehT e is no en ed to p ci k on haorahP . rotsiH y is r telpe e tiw h relur s na d el a red s aht t uoht ght yehtrew e in lortnoc , w ah t ht e lbiB e refer s ot sa eht s“ t eno iub l .”sred I il ke ot ac ll meht t eh aM“ k ”sre ro

17

liuB“ d sre fo .”yrotsiH eW evah neht ot d ya dna yeht evah yawla s etsixe d rht o uohgu t h yrotsi . etiuQetfo n eht y ra e the oigiler us sredael , etfo n they ra e ht e co tinumm y na d evog r nemn t sredael , s semitemo

a oitanibmoc n of htob , na d gnihtemos s eve n ht e redael s i n the Christian church a s we will see a s ewool k lesolc y at aduJ s hw“ o aw s erebmun d noma g ht e ”evlewt

hT e simlasP t esserpxe d it in iht s :rennam hW“ y do ht e taeh hen ar ge, na d the pe lpo e ami g ni e a iav n ?gniht > The gnik s of ht e htrae

tes meht s vle es, and ht e lur ers take oc u sn el got e het r, ag nia st ht e DROL , na d a iag nst his an tnio e ,das y gni , eL t us rb eak ht eir ba dn s a dnus er, an d ac st wa ay ht eir oc rds from su .” (P las m 2: )3-1

tahW uoy ees he :si ersrif* t ht e nehtaeh , ht e elitneG s or ht e -non p lpoe e of oG d gar e sniaga t ht e ortnoc l of doGeht* n ht e ep o lp e of God vlesmeht es eg t rac r ei d awa y tiw h ieht r wo n ecnoc pts of r tilae y gnikniht

aht t eht y evlesmeht s ra e in lortnocht* e sgnik , ht e sredael , ht e relur s es t evlesmeht s sniaga t ht e liw l na d ortnoc l of doG

at eht* k lesuoc e a tsniag G dna do siH tsirhCeht* y rt y to aerb k ht e dnab s of lnevaeh y ortnoc l by am k ni g ieht r wo n re tila y na d ieht r nwo

yrotsihht* ey rt y to sac t disa e na y it es that oG d na d C irh st ah ve over th ie r co icsn e cn e or lliw

uB t oy u ees , ht e ots ne cihw h ht e ub i redl s of h rotsi y ra e ltnatsnoc y re detcej , ht e oG d of sihtesrevinU is ltnatsnoc y nikam g ht e aeh d c enotsrenro . hT e orP p eh t D iva d co unitn es in mlasP s 2, gnillet

of ahw t Go ‛d s r se p sno e is to eht se uB“ i redl s of H tsi o .”yrH“ e taht ettis th ni eht snevaeh llahs al u :hg eht droL llahs evah eht m in ed r isi on. Then s llah

he s ep ak tnu o t eh m in ih s tarw h, an d ev x eht m in ih s os re id s elp a rus e.” ( sP alm )5,4:2oG d kool s od w n orf m eh a ev n na d la gu hs at ht e senelttil s of it lla . oG d dloh s seht e redliuB“ s fo

rotsiH y” in der isi on . Then fi yllan , af et r a co lpu e of ht o dnasu s of y rae s of nraw i gn s, He g te s ,damniwohs g iH s tarw h na d iH s ros e ersaelpsid . nA d aht t gnirb s us to ht e oirep d of rotsih y of rotsih y fo

lasP m 811 , ht e ad y of the ROL D si taht a doirep fo it me taht ts a detr w hti eht tsriF oC m gni fo tsirhCna d ht e iF rst nimoC g of ht e loH y ipS rit in rg eat po ew r on ht e srif t ad y of socetneP t etfa r eht

itcerruseR on na d liw l unitnoc e to aht t g aer t na d irret ble ad y ehw n ‛doG s tarw h is r enia d .tuo2 . hT e eP r oi d of iH s rot y over hW ic h oG d liw l olla w a R oitceje n of ht e Ch ei f oC r otsren n .e1( ) . This Pe oir d of miT e or iH s rot y is r efe r er d to as a Day in Ps la m .42:811

sihT“ si eht yad hw i hc eht OL RD htah ;edam we lliw er j ecio dna be dalg ni it ”.If oy u s ot p t o th ni k uoba t ti , we etfo n su e ht e row d yad“ ” in ht e mas e aw y to aem a n oirep d fo

emit . For ex lpma e, how tfo en have you h rae d ht e xe p er s is on i“ n ht is ad y na d ”emit . It llaretil y snaemiht s oirep d of it me or sih t yro . oY u ac n la so see i t f or m the noc t xe t of asP lm 11 8 as it re ef rs to taht

oirep d of rotsih y rehw e oG d llacitamard y evretni ned in amuh n fa f ria s by s nignidne g iH s oS n to .htraeooL k at lasP m 1 2:81 6 cihw h is qu eto d in httaM ew .9:12

desselB“ eb eh taht oc m hte ni eht eman fo t eh :DROL ew evah bl esse uoy tuo fo eht esuohfo ”.doG

27

.)2( taM t eh w qu to es t his v re se from Ps la m 2:811 6 in taM t eh w :12 9 as ahw t ht e ureJ s meladutitlum e aw s yas ing ba out eJ sus ud r ni g ahw t sih t ro y now llac s T“ he muirT p ah l En .”yrtihT s aw s ht e mit e nidrocca g to ht e iB ble r oce rd ehw n ht e g“ r ae t edutitlum ” ps r ae d tnemrag s o tu

on the daor ni tnorf fo ‛suseJ eef t detnarG . ot ,meht siht was eht emit fo hist ro y of ht e r -eemhsilbatse nt of ht e odgnik m of doG ; na d i eedn d it saw , ub t eht y id d on t natsrednu d ht e urt e tan u er

of ht e modgnik . rehtO s of ht e dutitlum e uc t od w n ehcnarb s orf m ht e rt ees na d spr ae d eht m in sihhtap . raP t of the dutitlum e aw s in orf nt of iH m na d His icsid p sel , rap t rew e dniheb ; na d la l rew e gniyrc

tuo , nnasoH“ a to ht e oS n of dviaD ! esselB d is He hw o emoc s in ht e man e of ht e of ht e ”!DROL3( ) . N wo , at t ih s mas e oirep d of mit e ht e b redliu s of otsih ry rew e at krow . reH e eht y era , niehttaM w 51:12 , ht e eihc f tseirp s na d sebircs . hT( e relur s na d sralohcs , if oy u )!dluowuB“ t ehw n ht e eihc f p tseir s na d bircs es as w the ednow r uf l th gni s aht t He did , na d eht

lihc d ner gniyrc tuo ni eht pmet le dna ,gniyas annasoH‘ to eht noS fo divaD !” yeht erew gidni n ”.tnaM( a htt ew )51:12

oH w ba out th ta ? hT e rotsiH y srekaM fo eht emiT w ere ni“ d tnangi ”. suseJ dah eht ne evr ot oguoba t ht e lpmeT e nisuac g ht e nilb d to es e na d ht e mal e t o w kla . iD d useJ s on t natsrednu d aht t eht

lpmeT e belonged t o them ! They were the Te elpm iuB l dna sred eht srepeek fo eht T elpme uB i !gnidlyehT as i ot d :suseJ

D“ o oy u aeh r ahw t eht se ra e niyas g? nA d useJ s ias d to meht , seY‘ , vah e oy u even r daer , uO‘ t foht e m o tu h of bab es na d n sru in g in tnaf s oy u h va e p fre e etc d p sair e. ” ( httaM ew )61:12

.)4( lasP m 2:811 2 te ll s us rtuo i hg t t ah t this Pe oir d o f miT e in iH s rot y is the mit e of ‛doG s ,gnioda mit e nirud g cihw h the ufer sed nots e s trat s to ceb ome ht e aeh d oc r otsren n .e

hT“ e enots ihw ch eht liub d sre desufer si emoceb t eh daeh nots e of ht e enroc r. ihT s is ehtDROL ‛s ;gniod ti is suollevram in ruo ”.seye

6-4 : nU d nidnatsre g orf m reteP ‛s sriF t .nomreSeP ter roM e letelpmoC y Id fitne ies iht s reP iod of notsrenroC e oitcejeR n dna

niF a l gnA e r i n ih s srif t eS r om n o n th e srif t ad y o f socetneP t etfa r t ehruseR r oitce n tcA( s )2 . oY u onk w iht s tsih o acir l oissaco n. hT e lewt ve pa o elts s, eht y ah d rla e yda

r ecalpe d saduJ w oh degnah hi flesm w hti aM t ,saiht t eh ow m ne dna M yra eht m rehto fo seJ us wasereht , na d ht e rehtorb s of eJ s su . t“ hey rew e la l tiw h no e rocca d in no e p .ecal ” gnihT s ageb n to h neppa

reht e aw s a uol d n sio e kil e a r hsu ing niw d that suac ed ht e mu dutitl e of weJ s reht e orf m reve y noitanto moc e ehtegot r tiw h eht m to es e w ah t was niog g no . No lno y ht e nuos d eltrats d meht , ub t eht y w ere

ehtruf r ezama d aht t e ach o f eht m luoc d natsrednu d w ah t ht e naitsirhC s rew e gniyas ni t rieh tan i evseugnot

,snaihtraP“ edeM s, na d lE a setim ; th so e wd e nill g in Mes ,aimatopo Ju ,aed dna odappaC c ,aiutnoP s na d aisA , igyrhP a and ailyhpmaP , pygE t na d ht e trap s of ybiL a a niojd g eneryC , iv s roti s morf,emoR tob h weJ s na d rp o tyles es, rC e nait s and w--sbarA e aeh r eht m ps e nika g in uo r eugnot s eht

dnow e ufr l w kro s of oG d.” ( tcA s 2: )31-9

37

It aw s time of r eteP r to s nat d up na d nialpxe ! hT e ehtag red dutitlum e aw s rep p dexel . yehTrew e ksa i gn , W“ hat does ht is me ?na ” It aw s eht n aht t eteP r enialpxe d ht e oireP d of rotsiH y hcihw geb an reh e w cih h h e ca ll s the “ l sa t d sya ” na d dne ed w ti h the rg“ eat and n o at ble day o f the L O ”.DR

1. eB g inni ng of ht e L sa t D sya : The moC ing of ht e H lo y iripS t in aerg t na d itarcomed c ewop r htiwht e rpsediw ead of oitavlas n uorht gh hC r .tsi

2 . hT e ne d of ht e saL t syaD : ht e taerg , elbaton , na d lbirret e day of ht e ROL D in cihw h ehtrgna y of ht e ROL D oG d liw l moc e on ht e rotcejer s of ht e eihc f roc n notsre e.

uB“ t iht s is ahw t aw s kops en by ht e p hpor et leoJ : nA‘ d it liw l moc e to ssap ni eht tsal ,syadyas s doG , I liw l uop r uo t of My irips t on la l hself ; na d oy u nos s na d uoy r rethguad s liw l ,ysehporp

na d uoy r yo nu g em n liw l see iv s snoi , and uohy r old em n liw l aerd m rd e sma . nA d on My nem s vre a stnna d on My diam s vre a tn s I liw l uop r uo t in soht e yad s of My ipS r ti ; na d eht y liw l p hpor e ys . dnA

I liw l ehs w rednow s in evaeh n a vob e na d ngis s i n ht e rae th eneb a ht : doolb , erif , na d av por fo .ekoms hT e sun liw l be nrut ed tni o nkrad e ss , and ht e oom n i tn o doolb , rofeb e ht e nimoc g of eht

taerg na d lbaton e ad y of the DROL . nA d it will oc me to sap s aht t ohw e ev r llac s on ht e man e foht e L RO D liw l be as v .de ” tcA( s 2-61:2 1 an d eoJ l )23-82:2

nivaH g ecudortni d iht s oirep d of mit e in cihw h God wolla a s tsrenroc one itcejer on, el t us kcabup to ht e ificeps c ninnigeb g of ht e s not e !noitcejer

7-4 : oohC se useJ s ro ht e .elpmeThT e uoigileR s eL a de rs Re ej c et d Je us s in Or de r to aS ve ht e Te mp le. At ,tsael

aht t is ahw t eht y .diaswT o yad s rofeb e ht e aP s os v re , eJ sus t lo d His d si c pi les alp i en d t ah t He luow d be tob h be deyart

na d curc deifi aM( t weht :62 2 .) tA eht emas it me taht Je sus was cificeps a perp yll a der siH tw evleopA s elt s of r that cihw h aw s to emoc , ht e b dliu e rs of h yrotsi w ere am k gni rieht lp a .sn esehT

iceps f llaci y ra e enoitnem d in ehttaM w 2 :6 3 as ht“ e eihc f stseirp , ht e s sebirc , na d ht e redle s of ehtoep p ”el . hT ese iub l red s sa s lbme ed at ht e calap e of ht e ih gh irp e ts , paiaC h sa . ehT ir itcejbo ve aw s ot

tolp“ ” oh w they mi hg t kat e eJ sus by tr kci ery and lik l ih m aM( t ht ew 4:62 ) . They had a oc u lp e fo:smelborp 1( ) B nie g ednu r ht e amoR n nemnrevog t of utnoP s etaliP , eht y w re e on t olla w t o up t a nosrep

to htaed ; na d 2( ) useJ s was rev y alupop r noma g ht e p elpoe , na d s ohemo w eht y luow d vah e to kat e mihyletavirp . ehT y ag eer d du nir g ieht r ssa e lbm y aht t if they rt ied to t ka e useJ s nirud g ht e saef t of eht

saP s vo er, t eh y luow d be an upr si ing a nom g ht e pe po le ag nia st th .meuseJ s na d iH s Ap ltso es pr deeco ed to the oh use of miS on ht e pel er in B nahte y. This aw s the ecalp

rehw e a ow m na deruop a tsoc ly ttob le fo la a retsb lio no ‛suseJ aeh d as He as t at ht e elbat , The droceretats s aht t the id s elpic s rew e set cab k by ht e saw te of cus h an nepxe se, no buod t aduJ s ht e tr rerusae

aw s nidael g in ht e sucsid s noi . But useJ s enrut d ht e ssucsid ion to tona her ednimer r of iH s noixificurcna d airub l as He ias d aht t ht e w mo an id d iht s to raperp e iH s ob dy of r b u air l. An d ht i s aw s la l Ju sad

luoc d ekat . He new t to ht e feihc .stseirp ehT c feih stseirp thguoht a tfig ah d moc e rf om nevaeh ; dna

47

in a aw y it dah , as iht s aw s ht e way oG d ah d nalp ned it na d ht e way it ah d eeb n etciderp d in ob th ehtlO d seT t ma ent and b y J use s a s ht e tw vle e had as t a t the saL t .reppuS

aduJ s oitavitom n w as tiforp . As ht e erusaerT r of ht e gr uo p he aw s ninnigeb g to eef l i n .erucesoN t no l y aw s he es e ni g enom y s il p awa y a s in ht e sac e of ht e amow n wa nits g ht e nemtnio t, ub t suseJah d daerla y lot d eht m aht t ht e uorg p luow d be ekorb n up as eht y elf d at iH s tserra . He luoc d on t at keht e sol s o f utats s dna ni c .emo eH ksa ed eht hc i fe ,stseirp hW“ at era uoy iw l gnil ot evig me if I iled v reiH m to oy u in a tavirp e ?ecalp ” ereH , w as erewsna d reyarp , ht e eihc f eirp sts na d ht e ehto r rekam s fo

otsih ry guoht ht; na d eht y letaidemmi y etnuoc d out to ih m triht y eceip s of revlis . aduJ s eggab d eht,yenom dna le ot tf dnif t eh airporppa te ytinutroppo ot rteb ay .suseJ

hW en ht e aP s os ver c ema , J se us sat down tiw h his t vlew e pa o ts les as the e ev n ni g mac e to taeahw t ah s moceb e wonk n as ht e saL t reppuS . In ht e sdim t of the laem , useJ s lnialp y lot d eht m that eno

of ht e vlewt e aw s niog g to yarteb . useJ s id d on t een d to es e ht e triht y p ecei s of evlis r aht t la r ydaeelgnij d in ht e ekcop t of saduJ . hT e to her d si c pi les id d not e ev n nk ow hw o He aw s niklat g tuoba . tI

aw s at iht s uS p ep r that useJ s br ko e ht e br ae d na d ssap ed ht e uc p of ht e eniw , as y ni g t ah t He dluowon t nird k of ht e uc p of ht e v ni e iaga n tnu il w ti h t eh m a iag n in ht e nluf ess of ht e k gni d mo . ehT y gnus

a nmyh a dn ht neht e tuo y ot eht tnuoM fo O .sevilcnO e iaga n J use s imer n ed d ht em of how ht e Sh pe h re d luow d be ts r cu k na d the sh ee p dluow

ttacs er, how eht y la l luow d be dam e to lbmuts e by ht e serra t na d cr noicificu . uB t useJ s degaruocneeht m tiw h ht e drow s t ah t fa ter His re rus r oitce n rf om ht e dead He luow d rofeb e eht m tni o .eelilaG ehT n eht y mac e to namesehteG e rehw e J use s arp y de . And lihw e useJ s aw s nidnimer g eht m aht t eh

hw o luow d b te ray Him aw s on the yaw , J adu s sh ewo d up tiw h a gr ae t dutitlum e orf m the eihc f p stseirna d redle s tiw h s drow s na d sbulc . nA d ehw n eJ sus lot d ht e dutitlum e aht t iht s aw s nod e in luf f tnemlli

of the rcS i utp r se , the a p ltso es fo sr oo k iH m and .delf nA“ d soht e hw o ah d laid loh d of Je us s el d Him yawa ot sahpaiaC ht e gih h irp e ts , rehw e eht

sebircs na d ht e redle s erew .delbmessa tuB reteP ollof w de IH m at a id s cnat e to ht e gih h irp e s‛tstruoc y dra . nA d he new t in na d sat tiw h ht e s vre a tn s to es e ht e e dn . oN w ht e eihc f tseirp s, eht,sredle na d la l ht e icnuoc l hguos t slaf e nomitset y sniaga t eJ sus to up t IH m to htaed , ub t dnuof .enon nevE hguoht af ynam l sessentiw es f emac o awr rd, st li l ht ey f o nu d on ne . But at last owt

eslaf ntiw e ss es mac e of r raw d and sa di , T‘ his f olle w s dia , I am lba e to ortsed y ht e lpmet e of doGna d to liub d it in ht ree da sy .” (M tta hew 5:62 7 )16-

8-4 : aduJ s eyarteB d eJ sus ni edrO r to aS ve iH s wO n eT m .elpaduJ s luoc d on t kat e ht e olb w of ht e eddus n sol s o f s utat s na d yenom . He ekool d of r useJ s ot

taidemmi ely atse b sil h a retam ial nik g od m on e htra , in cihw h of co sru e, he aw s one of ht e t vlew e dluowbe a redael . He pek t ht e yenom , na d ah d ht e s tiruce y of idloh ng tno o ht e yenom . He luoc d on t dnatsto ol se that s uce r ti y and s utat s . I am sure t ah t he thguoht , or at least rationalized in hi s nwo

noc s cneic e taht seJ us luow d lpmis y be p ehsinu d na d then fel t go . oH r swor , he en ver enigami d ev nehguoht seJ us ot ld eht m p lnial y that ht e erra st luow d lead la l ht e aw y to ht e taed h o f irhC st yb

urc c ifi x noi . nA d the next rom n ni g hw en ht e edliub rs o f ih s rot y dam e ieht r iced s oi n to put useJ s ot

57

htaed , idnib ng miH dna ael d gni miH away ot tnoP i su P tali e of r the agel l oitaralced n o f htaed , tilneddus y ih t the cneicisnoc e of aduJ s ahw t h e ah d .enod

1 . J adu s na d ht e P etto r‛ s F .dleinehT“ ,saduJ ohw dah deyarteb iH m, nehw eh was taht eH dah neeb dnoc e nem ed , fe tl

mer o sr e na d br guo ht cab k eht ytriht eip c se fo ot revlis eht stseirp feihc dna ,sredle ,gniyas I‘evah teb r ya ed onni c ne t b dool . ” nA d t hey s dia , ‘ ahW t is ht at t o us ? oY u es e to !taht ‛ ( ihT s si

an rehto aw y of s gniya , ahT“ t is uoy r p !melbor ” ) nA d he th er w wod n ht e eceip s of lis ver i n the,elpmet ,detraped dna w tne dna degnah hi .flesm nA d ht e eihc f tseirp s oot k ht e si evl r p ecei s a dn

as id, tI‘ si ton lufwal pot tu meht otni eht ,yrusaert b esuace t eh y ra e t eh ecirp fo oolb d ”.M( a htt ew )6-3:72

nsI ‛t aht t gnizama . hT ese rekaM s of iH s rot y rew e nilliw g to lik l ‛doG s wo n noS . ehT y rew e gnilliwto nif d slaf e essentiw s na d to garuocne e na d m ka e seil . uB t eht y ah d scihte . ehT y luow d on t up t eht

triht y eceip s of lis ver cab k tni o ht e lpmet e aert s ru y rf om cihw h i t aw s ekat n in ht e f sri t p ecal . It sioolb d mo en y they as id . It is the nom ey of arteb y .la

nA“ d eht y oot k esnuoc l na d hguob t tiw h eht m ht e ‛rettop s dleif , to rub y narts g re s in.oferehT re taht dleif sah neeb dellac eht deliF fo lB o do ot ht is .yad nehT saw fluf i dell w tah saw

nekops by aimereJ h ht e pr tehpo , as y gni , nA‘ d eht y oot k ht e triht y eceip s of revlis , ht e ulav e foiH m hw o aw s decirp , ohw m eht y of ht e erdlihc n of learsI ,decirp evag dna meht of r ht e p tto e s‛rif e dl , as ht e L RO D id r tce ed .em ” M( a htt ew 1-7:72 0 an d eJ r ime ah )9-6:23

2 . aduJ s as ht e pr pytoto e of ht e aM n of oitiderP n.hT e oob k of A tc s in pahc ter 1 ah s eves ral rev y tni e nitser g ninnigeb gs suj t b rofe e ht e ad y fo

etneP c tso na d ‛reteP s omreS n in A tc s 2, nidulcni g the secen s ti y o f f nidni g a er p nemecal t of r Ju sadnoma g ht e evlewt . eteP r na d kuL e taretier e m cu h of ahw t aw s aer d uoba t aduJ s in wehttaM , gnidda

aht t 1( ) teP er ex alp i en d what happened to Judas quoting two id f ef r ne t alp ces rf om aD vid in ht e sP a ,msl2( ) aduJ s lef l he nolda g tni o the ‛rettoP s dleiF , ih s liartne s g nihsu g uo t orf m cihw h we ac n c cno l du e t tah

aduJ s egnah d lesmih f on a filc f vo er ht e ttoP e ‛r s f dlei , the or pe rb o ek , na d f le l no to ht e leiF d of B ;dool3( ) In ht e gaugnal e of melasureJ , it aceb me wonk s as ekA“ l maD a”, ht e leiF d of doolB ; 4( ) ht e etouq

orf m laaP m 2:96 5 aht t aduJ s oitatibah n luow d be talosed e na d aht t no no e luow d vil e in ti ; na d 5( ) ehtnoces d touq e at ihw ch we rised e to ool k rom e lluferac y as ht e xetnoc t is nuorgkcab d of r aduJ s as eht

epytotorp fo eht S fo no iderP t noi fo II hT e inolass a .sniH“ s of cif e el t a ehton r .ekat ” tcA( s )b02:1

3 . saduJ , Ps la m 901 , na d ht e aM n o f Pe .noitidrIf oy u ol o k a t ht e touq e na d the xetnoc t of ht e uq ote in mlasP ,901 y uo wi ll ees ht at duJ as si a

epytotorp of ht e ekciw d, luftieced , na d niyl g am n who is in rut n sla o a pytotorp e of ht e oS n fooitidreP n that sum t be aer v elae d rofeb e ht e noceS d C nimo g of irhC s .triF st, ht e tnoc ex t of ht e q tou e in asP lm .8:901

67

nehW“ he lahs l be degduj , let ih m be dnoc e denem : and el t ih s p yar er moceb e s ni . eL t h siyad s be few; na d el t a ehton r kat e ih s iffo ce . eL t h si dihc l ner eb ,sselrehtaf dna sih wi ef a

wodiw .” 901( : )9-7revewoH , eb s edi s niniatnoc g a oitciderp n aht t useJ s na d eteP r tob h eilppa d to saduJ , it in eht

etnoc xt as a g ene ral csid u ss ion of ht e t acipy l kciw ed, ced e ti f lu , and yl in g p re s no . oY u see t ah t in ehtrev y tni r oitcudo n of ch etpa r 01 9 in the noces d v :esre

oF“ r eht htuom of eht ciw k de na d ht e tuom h of ht e luftieced era denepo tnsiaga :em yehtah ve sp eko n ga a sni t m e tiw h a iyl ng ot n eug .” (P las m 01 9 )2:

In rut n tob h aduJ s na d ht e oc n xet t of Ps la m 01 9 ra e nuorgkcab d for rednu s nidnat g ht e oS n fooitidreP n orf m ht e opA s lt e uaP l in II sehT s snainola . oY u sum t even r grof et aht t aduJ s aw s derebmun

noma g ht e iro g ani l evlewt ; na d a s s cu h uJ das is a rp o ytot pe of ht e dekciw , luftieced , na d niyl g nosrepnoma g ht e aitsirhC n hcruhc , na d eve n a ael der in ht e aitsirhC n .hcruhc

tsriF ebmemer r ahw t aw s ias d eilrae r uoba t ht e oireP d of miT e orf m ht e fil e of sirhC t na d ehtnimoC g of ht e loH y ipS rit in ewoP r na d ht e end of emit , the sal t yad s fo eht .elbiB oslA er c la l how ht at

ehw n uaP l torw e noces d nainolassehT s reht e aw s a elborp m aht t mos e reht e hguoht t eht y ah d sim s detuo no esoht end emit ,stneve an m yle eht Se dnoc oC m gni fo .tsirhC oS aP u l w :setir

oN“ w we ask uoy , b hter r ne , by the nimoc g o f uo r roL d Je us s Ch sir t and uo r tag h ire ngrehtegot ot ,mIH not ot eb noos nekahs in dnim ro buort l ,de rehtien by sp tiri , on r by ow rd, ron

by rettel , as if orf m su , a s ht o gu h ht e ad y o f Ch sir t had emoc . eL t n o no e de viec e you b y ynanam es; of r aht t aD y w li l on t moc e elnu s ht e fa nill g awa y emoc s if r ts , and et h am n os is n si

er v lae ed, ht e os n of p der i noit , hw o op op ses and xe a tl s h smi elf ab vo e la l taht si ac l del doG ro tahtis row s pih ed, so that he tis s as God in ht e met ple of doG , sh niwo g mih s le f ht at he is .doG ” II(hT e ss a inol ans 2: )4-1

oY u es e ahw t I aem n by luftieced , w dekci , na d gniyl . ihT s is ht e tamitlu e of ht e ekciw d nam , f ranoyeb d mlasP 901 a dn uJ d :sa iht s aM n of oitidreP n hw o is elaever d rofeb e ht e ne d of emit , tis s in eht

ev ry met ple of oG d na d alc ims to be doG . He s ticilo es na d g nia s ow r ihs p rf om ep o lp e as .doGihT s teg s us s ahwemo t lc o es r to nu d re s nidnat g ehw n the ne d t emi s is. uaP l s ya s that if rst of lla

reht e liw l be a nillaf g away orf m ht e aitsirhC n htiaf . ihT s am y on t leh p u s ltaerg y cnis e reht w e as anillaf g awa y at usehpE s eve n letaidemmi y fa ter uaP l fel t iht s era a of ih s ol n eg st im n si t yr . uB t ht e naM

of itidreP o n sum t srif t be delaever . nA d uaP l eog s on to as y in ht e xetnoc t aht t ht e retsym y fo al w ,ssenssel or ciw k ssende , is daerla y at w kro ; na d at aht t niop t in mit e ehw n ht e loH y iripS t on t regnoler s niart s aht t s rip it of kciw e send s in the dlrow , then the aM n of iS n liw l b e re elaev d.

9-4 : hT e renroC s not e is Al !evihT e enroC r nots e W as litS l evilA , vitcA e na d uO t of lortnoC . Mean hw ile, as ew

niht k of J sadu , ih s degart y na d ht e aM n o f iS n tiw h la l ht e evil aht t etatonnoc s, we sum t rebmemerevoba la l aht t ht e oC r otsren ne irhC st is lits l itca ve na d uo t of lortnoc . hT“ e nots e cihw h ht e sredliub

77

tcejer ed sah eb c emo eht eh a srenroc d t ”.eno b ehT u sredli a dn ma srek fo yrotsih c dluo not crexe i eslortnoc suseJ revo dna siH wollof .sre .1 liuB ehT d sre fo yrotsiH uoC ld lortnoC toN .suseJehT y dam e ieht r yrotsih . ehT y ettolp d na d emehcs d na d ennalp d na d nuof d a w ay to erutpac

useJ s irp v yleta ; eht n eht y nuof d a aw y to eg t Him epiw d fo f the caf e of ht e ae r ht . Or so yehtthguoht . uB t eht y rew e deirrow . hT ey new t to etaliP , niyas g ehw n ht is f lle ow aw s ila ve He as id ht at

in erht e yad s He luow d moc e cab k orf m ht e daed . ehT y r etseuqe d of taliP e a raug d on ht e ts one t taherevoc d ht e grave . oY u ees , ht ey suj t luoc d not ots p nieb g s not e redliub s . taliP e ga r ee d na d yeht

erofereht ces u der eht ot mb wi raug ht d .sehT n ehw n the aug rds mac e r nnu ing b ca k to xe p ial n oh w an egna l eraef d na d eht y lef l ed ad, eht

redliub s of ih s ot ry made them a gral e us m of enom y to eek p eht m etiuq . ehT y kil e ht e man fooitidrep n, ht e ekciw d nam , etomorp d a !eiloN“ w elihw yeht rew e iog ng, be dloh , mos e of ht e ug ard mac e tni o the tic y na d r ope r et d ot

ht e eihc f tseirp s la l ht e gniht s aht t ah d pah p dene . nA d ehw n eht y ah d sa s elbme d tiw h ht e sredlena d ekat n lesnuoc , eht y ag ve a gral e sum of enom y to the idlos e sr , s gniay , leT‘ l eht m His picsid l semac e a t in ght na d ts ole iH m awa y lihw e w e s ptel . nA d if iht s semoc to ht e og v re n ‛ro s ae rs, ewliw l ppa e sa e him na d kam e oy u ces u er . So they took ht e enom y na d id d as ht ey ew re ni s tcurt e ,dna d this s iya ng is lnommoc y er p tro ed noma g ht e J we s u itn l this da .y ” M( a htt ew 82 : )51-1

Now, aht t is aer l rotsih y gnikam , by ooh k or by koorc ! nA d la l i t oot k aw s a gral e us m of om n .yeoY u onk w oh w eht y as y you ub y nihtyna g tiw h guone h om n ye . W le l seht e s not e redliub s ah d thguone

enom y to kam e ieht r wo n !yrotsihnA d aht t was ht e ne d of ht e rettam ! oN , on t yldrah , useJ s etrats d nikam g ecnaraeppa s orf m eht

evarg ; na d ht e ninnigeb g of tcA s llet s us aht t useJ s dam e ecnaraeppa s evo r a 40 ad y doirep . aC n uoynigami e oh w rah d aht t aw s on ht e otsih ry srekam . Je elasur m wa s a sm la l tic y in aht t revetahweppah ned in no e p ra t of ht e c ti y aw s lkciuq y s daerp ot ot reh .strap ehT yrotsih kam e sr erew bu ysnittup g out erif s uoba t ht e pa p ecnare s of useJ s la l nuora d ht e .ytic2 . hT e edliuB rs of His rot y oC uld not Co tn rol the F llo o rew s of eJ sus who ac r ir ed on la l th ta

eJ“ sus geb an t o both do na d aet c ”.hnA d eht n w eh n Je us s ecsA n ed d, ht e r ae l aerps d of ht e G epso l of useJ s got ts a etr d. yB ht e emit

eteP r oots d up rofeb e ht e g uor p to ael d in se oitcel n of a t tlew h Ap ltso e to kat e ht e p cal e fo ,saduJreht e ah d aerla d eeb n a edd d 21 0 m ro e lpoep e to ht e uorg p tcA( s )51:1 . ehT n on ht e f sri t ad y fo

socetneP t af et r ht e useR r oitcer n of irhC st tiw h ht e nimoC g of ht e loH y ipS rit in rg eat rewop , eerhtnasuoht erom d itsirhC a sn erew a dedd ot eht puorg (A tc s 14:2 ) . And A tc s 4:2 7 r oce rds how ht at

reve y ad y rom e rew e edda d to ht e cruhc h. oN , useJ s na d ht e suac e of Je us s aw s drah ly ednu r tnoc r .lo3. oY u es e ht e f oitartsur ns of the redliub s of sih t ro y in A tc s 1-61:4 7 rehw e af et r ‛reteP s gnilaeh

of ht e am n mal e for 40 sraey , eht y oot k P e et r na d hoJ n .evitpacuB“ t nehw yeht dah c nammo d de meht t o g o as di e uo t of ht e licnuoc , eht y efnoc r er d gnoma

,sevlesmeht as y gni , ahW‘ t s lah l we do ot eseht ?nem ,roF i ,deedn taht a n elbato m elcari sah neeb

87

nod e b y eht m is edive nt to la l hw o lewd l in J sure a mel , na d w e onnac t ned y it . uB t so aht t tips r dae s no trof her noma g eht ,elpoep tel su ylreves netaerht ,meht t tah morf won no yeht kaeps

to no man in this na .em ” tcA( s )71-51:4

01-4 : H wo ra e the Living St eno s dot a ?yfepoH ul yl to ad y the living st eno s aht t taler e to ht e eihc f notsrenroc e era

uo t of ortnoc l. hT e nomreS s aht t ht e ltsopA e eteP r ehcaerp d in ht e tsrif retpahc s of A tc s dnif

telpmoc e erpxe s ois n in ht e if rst na d oces nd ep si t el s from reteP , na d iht s tarobale e on tob h ehtotsrenroc ne dna l gnivi senots sa w lle as doirep taht fo fo emit eht d tsal a .sy

1 . I .retePoY u es e in I eteP r 2 oh w ht e Ap so tle Pe et r kat es the th me e of the oc r en r ts one and st no es th ta

he itini a morf det t eh dna stehporP mrof sih tsrif reS m ni sno stcA ot de polev ht e “ nivil g s enot ” dnaivil“ ng st eno s .”

nimoC“ g to iH m as to a ivil ng ts o en , er j tce ed edni ed by nem , but sohc en by oG d dna,suoicerp uoy ,osla sa nivil g ,senots era gnieb iub lt pu a lautirips ,esuoh a yloh oohtseirp d, ot reffo

up lautirips as c secifir ca c elbatpe ot G do hguorht J suse .tsirhC eroferehT ti si osla iatnoc n de niht e ircS p erut , ‘B dlohe , I lay in noiZ a feihc c ,enotsrenro cele t, ,suoicerp na d he hw o veileb e noiH m liw l be no em an be up t to mahs e. ‛ ehT r rofe e, to oy u who eileb ve, He is rp e suoic ; ub t ot

esoht hw o ra e tneidebosid , T‘ he nots e hcihw t eh liub d sre detcejer sah oceb me eht feihcnroc e tsr o en ,‛ na d “A ots ne of muts n nilb g na a d cor k of of ef n es .‛” (I eP ter 2: )8-4

2 . II .retePnA d oyeb nd aht t we are dni e etb d t o eteP r na d ht e loH y S rip it ht r guo h eteP r ved elop ni g erom

ylhguoroht eht doirep fo ti fo em eht la .syad tsuB“ t eht yad fo eht droL lliw emoc as a th ni fei eht ,thgin in hcihw t eh snevaeh lliw ssap

yawa tiw h a aerg t esion , na d ht e tnemele s liw l lem t tiw h nevref t taeh ; tob h ht e e tra h na d ehtskrow taht era in ti iw ll eb denrub .pu gnieeS neht taht lla t eseh sgniht lliw eb ,devlossid w tahrennam fo snosrep thguo we ot ”...eb

11-4 . useJ s emialcorP d in ht e lO d mtseT e nt na d E ts a ilb shed w ti h H sicaeT hings in the eN w eT sta nem t by the pA ostle taM t .weh

oY u vah e ees n oh w cum h of useJ s is in httaM ew . oN w oy u liw l es e oh w cum h of ht e dlO nematseT t is in Matthew . There are 63 quotes from the Old Test ma en t in the book of Matth .we

ekiL w esi um ch fo useJ s in ht e uq o et s na d ht e pretni r oitate n in ht e eN w .tnematseT 1 . eneG s si :1 27 dna ttaM h we :91 4 . Mo es s lla o ew d the oep ple to up t awa y ieht r seviw

aceb u es o f ht" e ndrah ess of ieht r h "strae , ub t this aw s on t ahw t oG d ht e F ehta r llanigiro y in dednetof r airram g .e

2 . eneG sis 2: 42 a dn aM htt ew 1 5:9 . nabsuH d na d fiw e i n ram r gai e moceb e o" ne self h ."3 . eneG s si 8:4 a dn wehttaM 3:32 5 . lA l ht e alumucca ted wonk l gde e orf m doG , na d eht

lpoep es itcejer on of aht t k n egdelwo , gnirb s an etalumucca d opser n tilibis y on cae h eneg r .noita

97

4 . siseneG 2:5 dna wehttaM :91 4 . oG d m eda m ela a dn mef a el ta t eh innigeb ng anitnemilpmoc g co lpu e na d ellac d eht m ."nam"5. siseneG 31-11:6 dna ttaM h we 3:42 7. lpoeP e at ht e dnoces c gnimo fo tsirhC liw l be gniog

uoba t ht e n amro l r nituo es of fil e na d nikam g a vil ing as i f oG d na d tsirhC id d on t sixe t eve n as in ehtyad s o f aoN h ehw n eddus n oitcurtsed n cam e opu n la l ht e .htrae

6 . neG e sis 7: 2,7 1 dna aM t weht :42 .73 oN am n or tsirhC iH m fles ac n ciderp t aht t ,yadrof G ylno o eht d htaF er onk w .s

7. siseneG 41:81 dna httaM ew 2:91 6. It is luciffid t for em n of tlaew h na d p oitiso n to ebvas ed, na d t his is rap t of the ram vel of tiaf h in .doG

8 . siseneG 91 : 42 a dn aM htt ew 1 :1 24. hT e cnarelot e of ht e nemgduJ t aD y dneped s on ehtgdelwonk e of God na d tsirhC to cihw h ep o elp s vah e eeb n pxe o .des

9 . sudoxE 41,31:02 and httaM ew ,12:5 27 . A egn r na d sul t in 'doG s hgis t is as cum h aoitaloiv n of ht e eT n tnemdnammoC s as is edrum r na d tluda e yr . It is ht e t uoh g th s aht t oG d is as hcumrecnoc n de oba ut sa eht ac .snoit

01 . sudoxE 42:12 dna M wehtta 3:5 8 . D 'no t er s nop d to p poe le's norw g tiw h tilagel y dnaecitsuj , re nops d tiw h g car e na d .ycrem

11 . iveL t ci us 91 : 21 , 81 a dn aM htt ew 5 33: 34, . nuoC t on ht e roW d of God more than your o nw,shtao a dn sselb a dn rof yarp oy u .seimene r

21 . iveL t ci us :42 02 a dn aM htt ew 5 83: . Do on t r opse nd to ive l in dnik , ub t er s nop d htiw.ecarg

31 . tueD e nor o ym 61,31:6 dna ttaM h we :2 6. oreH d ht e king s guo ht of r ht e t mi e na d p ecalof ht e b tri h of ht e gniK of the weJ s in dro er to kill iH m.

41 . oretueD n ymo 3:8 dna httaM ew :4 4 . irP o tir y is to be evig n for ht e th gni s of oG d revoam k gni a vil i .gn

51 . oretueD n ymo 02:01 dna wehttaM 1:4 0 . lnO y oG d is to be es r ev d and srow h pi p .de61 . oretueD n ymo 51:91 dna wehttaM 61:81 . If wt o hC r aitsi ns id s erga e, if rst they sh dluo

rt y to s tte le ti ; ht en if nu s eccu ssf lu , two or om re ot eh r Ch ir s ait ns s oh uld be ni v lo v de ; and if taht'nseod t krow , eht n i t sh luo d be ekat n eb f ro e ht e cruhc h in as .ylbmes

71 . eD u et r no o ym :32 6-3 a dn aM htt ew 5 34: . voL e your eimene s dna yarp rof esoht ohw esuor suba e y .uo

81 . eD u et r no o ym 1:42 dna M wehtta 3:5 1. croviD e selnu s esab d on ht e suac e of noitacinrofis .yretluda

91 . I leumaS 61,6:12 and httaM ew 3,2:21 . tsirhC i > s the pmeT le or na y pl ca e of srow h pisa roL d fo eht bbas a ht yad a s roL d of .lla

02 . I orhC n ci l se :1 1 43- a dn aM htt ew 1 71-1: . lA l of the lO d nematseT t rf om aharbA m ottsirhC nac eb dedivid otni eerht d snoisivi desab no eht ac laut laeneg o yg fo useJ s: )1( . 14 eneg r snoita

orf m aharbA m to D diva ; 2( ) 14 g noitarene s orf m aD vid to itpaC v yti ; na d 3( ) 14 neg e noitar s morftivitpaC y to sirhC t.

08

21-4 : M ehtta w na d lasP m .s21 . smlasP 7:2 dna wehttaM 1:3 7 . eht doG aF t reh evag abrev l nomitset y to useJ s as siH

oS n in ohw m He aw s lp e .desa22 . smlasP 7:2 ttaM dna h we :71 5 . God re ep a et d t ah t v re bal nomitset y on ht e nuoM t fo

ifsnart g noitaru , nidda g to etsil n to iH m a s oM se s sla o s ia d o f ht e Pr ehpo t haisseM in etueD r .ymono32 . smlasP 52:01 dna M wehtta :5 7 . creM y is a itsiretcarahc c of doG , so suseJ sehcaet

crem y for t h so e hw o luow d la so ah ve ht e crem y of .doGETON : evE n rap t of the f uoma s s omre n on the nuom t of M ehtta w 5 is esab d on the dlO

tnematseT . nA d by ht e aw y it is in iht s mas e etpahc r 5 of ehttaM w rehw e useJ s ias d aht t eH id d tonmoc e to rtsed oy ht e al w na d ht e rp o tehp s ub t to ilbatse sh. And etats d aht t he eva n dna ea htr wi ll ssapawa y rofeb e no e jot or no e lttit e sap se s from ht e lO d .tnematseT

42 . smlasP 1:22 dna aM t weht :72 .64 moS e ht e p lpoe e nihctaw g ht e oixificurC n thguohtuseJ s aw s nillac g of r the leh p of hajilE , lihw e He aw s niyrc g to oG d w ho ah d to rut n iH s cab k on miH

sa eH rob e ht e s ni s of ht e .dlrow52 . asP l sm 91:22 dna aM t weht :72 53 . hT e amoR ns rc u ific ed useJ s at ht e cnetsisni e of eht

siweJ h dael e sr , nilbmag g of r siH htolc i ,gn wa rof gnihct w nkae e ,sess dna ta gnitnu iH m and the Je swtiw h a ngis , ihT" s is ht e gniK of ht e J ."swe

26 . smlasP 5-3:42 and httaM ew 8:5 . sohT e hw o raeh t of ht e amuh n rips it is ralced edllagel y uoethgir s b y oG d guorht h sirhC t s lah l es e oG d the F hta er p re s ano l yl ; and ht ose mas e muh an

rips it s ra e gi ev n a gnahc e of aeh rt aht t ep r tim s ht e tamitlu e ihca e nemev t of .ytirup72 . smlasP 11:73 dna httaM ew :5 5. Th so e hw o me lke y eg t dnu er the load of oG d na d tsirhC

era esoht ht a tirehni t as wen c ziti e sn eht wen traeh nu d re eht wen .snevaeh82 . asP l sm 2:84 dna aM t weht 33:5 f. ,suseJ ht e am s et r te rehca , noc s ltnat y co em s kcab

to ram r gai e na d di ov rce as ht e om st fu madn e atn l noisserpxe fo esoht hw o w li l be en w nezitic s on ehten w ae r ht ; na d b uace se cum h of ht e lO d Te ats m ne t rP oph te s and wal s aed l tiw h cus h am t sret

tnetsisnoc iw t eht h rahc a retc and sthguoht fo G esmiH do l .f92 . smlasP 55 dna taM t weh :5 6 . ohT se hw o vig a e p tiroir y to ht e en e d o f eht ssensuoethgir of God vo er to her p syh i ac l deen s liw l nif d meht s evle s s eifsita d ni siht ,efil dna mo er os

in ht e fil e to moc e on ht e en w trae h w reh e oG d miH s le f liw l lewd l tiw h t meh , ikam ng His h mo e on sihten w .htrae

03 . smlasP 21:26 dna M wehtta 2:61 7. ehW n suseJ emoc s ht e s noce d emit , in p ewo r dnatiw h iH s legna s to crofne e iH s rewop , eht n He liw l rawer d reve y am n aht t ah s eve r il ved on iht s htrae

nidrocca g to the krow s aht t cae h has .enod13 . smlasP 12:96 dna ttaM h we 3:72 4. suseJ aw s curc i eif d at ahtogloG , ht e alp c e of eht

lluks , idrocca ng to the p tcider ion of ht e P or p eh t D .diva23 . smlasP 2-87 dna aM t weht 31 : .53 useJ s luow d on t aeps k to eht um l utit d se tpecxe

in ap r elba s cihw h aw s la so a pr itcide on from ht e orP p eh t D .diva

18

33 . sP a sml 82 and Ma htt ew 2 61:1 . ehW n the dutitlum e eirc d H" o nnas a to ht e oS n fo"divaD , eht y as bab es on ht e iw s od m of oG d rew e yet re celf ting s mo e of the iw s od m of God saedrocer d in the lO d .tnematseT

43 . smlasP 84,83,62,4:98 dna wehttaM 81:61 . oG d laever s turt h to em n isnoc s net t htiwiH s Word as pr etcide d in ht e lO d .tnematseT

53 . smlasP 11:19 and httaM ew :4 6. It is iloof sh to pr ya , aeL" d us on t tni o oitatpmet n", nehtto use uo r rf e ode m of ciohc e to ael d o sru e evl s tni o t tatpme i no , te itpm ng oG d and 'doG s oW r .d

63 . smlasP 62:811 dna httaM ew 9:12 . hT e lkcif e utitlum de, ebab s on ht e iw s od m of ,doGon no e ad y deirc , "B essel d is ht e eno hw o emoc s in ht e man e of ht e OL RD "doG , eht n on ht e xen t yad

deirc , icurC" fy iH m !"73 . smlasP 62:811 dna httaM ew 83:32 f . eY t aht t mas e dutitlum e of reJ u elas m liw l ees

useJ s cno e ag ia n at the ne d of mit e, iaga n niyrc g,desselB" si eh taht oc m hte ni eht eman fo t eh ."droL

1-4 3 : Ma eht w na d ht e Pr hpo e ts.

83 . oH s ae 1:11 dna aM t weht :2 15. ihT s itehporp c oitciderp n na d ht e nemllifluf t in wehttaMetartsulli s ht e lbuod e or noyeb d rutan e of pr noitcide s : 1( ) oG d c ella d earsI l as iH s erdlihc n uo t fo

tpygE rednu ;sesoM (2) God sent then called His wo n oS n uo t o f Eg py t hw ere He aw s es nt t o p etor ctHi m orf m doreH ; na d 3( ) In oitaleveR n ht e ees d of ht e mow an ra e naitsirhC s hw o ra e iwekil se

etcetorp d f or m .nataS93 . asI i ha :2 81 , 91 a dn aM htt ew 1 :1 5. suseJ ehcaerp d ht e lepsoG , elaeh d ht e kcis , dna

esiar d ht e aed d a s etciderp d in ht e Old nematseT t -- a lbuod e sentiw s orf m oG d ht e .rehtaF04 . haiasI f1:5 and httaM ew 3:12 3. 'suseJ lbarap e of ht e uoh s edlohe r na d ht e drayeniv

aw s lno y a p lbara e na d luciffid t to natsrednu d in ht e mas e snes e aht t 'ti s rapretnuoc t na d dnuof a noitis rah d t o natsrednu d in ht e ehporP t .haiasI

14 . asI i ha :6 ,9 10 and Ma htt ew 1 :3 1 ,4 15. suseJ ps oke in elbarap s so aht t om st luow d eh arna d on t aeh r, es e na d on t es e-- on t un red s .dnat

24 . asI i ha :7 41 a dn aM htt ew 1 32: . An na gel told Jo es ph in a rd eam that s'yraM noitpecnocaw s of ht e Holy tiripS , b nie g a luf f nemlli t of Is aia h 1:7 4 aht t a riv gin luow d eviecnoc , irb n nig g doG"htiw "su tni o the .dlrow

34 . asI i ha :8 41 a dn aM htt ew 2 :1 4 .4 hT e irahP s ee s i n the lbarap e of the s ot ne and ehtredliub s that suseJ sp ko e of t .meh

44 . Is aia h 31 : ,9 10 and Ma htt ew 2 3:4 .0 erofeB eht ceS o dn imoC ng fo tsirhC ht e o dlnevaeh s lahs l be ekahs n in erp p oitara n of r ht e en w nevaeh s, ht e lo d trae h in rp e oitarap n for ht e n we

htrae ; eht n sirhC t lahs l ppa ear to la l in aeh v ne , na d iH s legna s liw l htag er ht e ohc sen of oG d from llaht e aera s of ht e .htrae

54 . 1 haiasI 4 31: - 51 aM dna t weht 2:11 3 . God liw l j gdu e tic ies by the row ks of God ht atah ve been done in th .me

28

64 . asI i ha 92 31: dna aM t weht 51 : 9,8 . I t is acitircopyh l in 'doG s hgis t to caorppa h doGna d ihsrow p oG d tiw h t he pil s tiw h h trae s from oitacided n to miH ; na d iht s srow hip is niav , a nik d fo

ihsrow p that ehcaet s for enirtcod s ht e tnemdnammoc s na d tr noitida s of .nem74 . asI i ha 04 3: a dn aM htt ew 3 .3: hoJ n the sitpaB t w as ht e no e of aiasI h :04 3 w oh

erp p era d ht e aw y of ht e droL suseJ sirhC t. slA( o Ma al c ).ih84 . haiasI 1:24 dna wehttaM 1:3 7. Af et r 'suseJ ab p it sm oG d the F hta er la so gave v re b la

nomitset y that useJ s aw s edni e d iH s oS n, na d aht t H e aw s aelp sed tiw h ahw t eH was .gniod94 . asI i ha 24 1: a dn aM htt ew 1 5:7 . hT e noces d mit e was on ht e nuoM t of nart s oitarugif n.05 . asI i ha 24 4-1: dna aM t weht 21 : -81 2 .1 doG w sa osla nivig g nomitset y to iH s oS n in eht

elcarim s w cih h suseJ ep r of r .dem15 . haiasI 49: 21 dna wehttaM 11:8 . elitneG s orf m la l vo er ht e trae h liw l is t wod n htiw

erbeH w redael s kil e A maharb , caasI , na d ocaJ b in the odgnik m of .nevaeh25 . asI i ha 35 4: a dn aM htt ew 8 .7: In p syh i ac l na d sp autiri l ilaeh ng, suseJ ac r ir ed and

irrac e s the s o worr s na d g r fei s of the .dlrow 35 . asI i ha 65 7: a dn aM htt ew 2 31:1 . ahW t oG d ah s ednetni d rof siH sesuoh fo hsrow ip evah

tsisnoc e ltn y eeb n p revre ted to es rve ht e p opru ses of .nem45 . sI a hai 2:16 dna M wehtta :5 4. sohT e that ruom n on ae rth ldrawdog y lahs l be moc f detro

on htrae , e ev n rom e in ht e new nevaeh s na d on ht e en w trae h to .emocTON E: oM re in ht e eS r om n on the M o nu t f or m useJ s in taM t eh w .5

55 . haiasI 11:26 dna aM t weht 12 : .5 suseJ vag e ni s noitcurt s to iH s id s elpic s in edro r otluf f li l ahw t He knew to be lO d nematseT t pr snoitcide ; ub t the ramirp y p nio t is aht t ht e roW d of doG

rp o emialc d in ht e lO d or New ematseT nt liw l eni v lbati y be luf f .delli65 . asI i ha 66 1: a dn aM htt ew 5 33: f. orF m ht e lO d nematseT t and ht e eN w we eek p gnimoc

cab k t o ht e rev y isab c pihsnoitaler s of fil e rehw e 'doG s roW d is rom e natropmi t aht n uo r wo n shtaona d ituloser o sn , 'doG s nrettap s of r il fe rom e pmi o natr t aht n uo r .nwo

75 . haciM 8,7,2:5 dna aM t weht 5:2 6, . oreH d ellac d ht e uoigiler s redael s to let l ih m w erehJe us s uow ld be bo nr , and eht y er p eil d that in B lhte e eh m luow d be ob rn ht e rp i cn e that luow d elur

arsI e .l85 . eJ r haime 11:7 dna wehttaM 31:12 . J se us sac t uo t idnahcrem z ni g orf m ht e met ple sa

doG w detna ti ot eb a esuoh fo ow r .pihs95 . haimereJ 51,7:13 dna wehttaM 1,71:2 8. oG d niwonk g la l ht e krow s o f trae h gnidulcniiH s nwo , enk w na d etciderp d aht t oreH d luow d lik l la l ht e ch erdli n in B ehelhte m form owtey ars lo d na d dnu e .r06 . naD i le 11 13: dna aM t weht :42 .51 hT e tanimoba" ion of sed o noital " of D eina l eppah n de

in J re u las em ehw n ht e amoR n eg n are l tiT us de ts r yo ed ht e met ple and eJ r asu l .me16 . haiasI 31:92 dna M wehtta :51 7. iL p es r civ e in ihsrow p is on t hguone , it ekat s ht e traeh

of ht e amuh n irips t to ihsrow p in iripS t na d .hturt

38

26 . hairahceZ 9:9 dna ttaM h we :12 4. As lew l a s of ehto r lO d nematseT t orP p teh s nehwuseJ s or de into J re u las em on a od n yek , it aw s in nemllifluf t of es v are l lO d nematseT t orP p teh s dna

noitciderp s as .hairahceZ36 . laM ca hi 3:1 dna aM t weht :11 1 .0 hoJ n ht e itpaB st as ht e new ailE s luf f elli d laM a s'ihc

rp e oitcid n as lew l as aiasI h .3:04

Do oy u d tbuo taht eht dlO dna tnematseT eht weN tnematseT si tuoba !suseJ A ,dn of,esruoc ti si eurt t tah eht weN atseT m tne saw deriuqer ot ylreporp dnatsrednu dna terpretni eht

lO d tnematseT . cniS e ht e lO d nematseT t erutpircS s w ere o“ f no pr tavi e rpretni e itat o ”n , doGhguorht sirhC t and ht e loH y iripS t rp o div ed in ht e eN w B lbi e of New eT s emat nt tiw h dlO

tseT a nem t etouq s ht e pr epo r retni p itater o .n

READER‛S NOTE :S

48

58

ahC p et r 5 : hoJ n raM k na d ht e Ap ltso e maJ e .s

ihT s etpahc r is a rohs t rammus y o f ht e lbiB e nidrocca g to oJ hn aM rk and ht e A op s eltsemaJ . oY u may as y we vah e nod e a rohs t ammus ry es v are l ti sem : (1 ) o cn e occa r nid g t o etS p neh , )2(ehtona r mit e drocca ing to ht e lO d nematseT t etouq s in ht e eN w tnematseT , 3( ) tona her nidrocca g otehttaM w na d suseJ , na d so on an no . Why so nam y t emi s ? hT e an ews r is elpmis : to tartsulli e eht

noc s tsi e cn y of ht e lbiB e if oy u ol ok at ht e ninrael g of eJ sus nidrocca g to ht e pa o elts s na d p hpor e stni s aet d of nidrocca g to rehcaet s hw o kil e ieht r ch rebmemhcru s, or in or ed r to us r viv e tiw h ht e ri

rebmemhcruhc s, nivah g nihcti g rae s na d ht e ised r e to rut n awa y orf m hturt . oY u luohs d on t h va e ot sseug hw y hoJ n raM k aw s pr lbatifo e to the pA o lts e uaP l of r t eh inim rts y as we ool k back on eht

lumrof a noit fo eht iB b el rud i gn eht tsrif wt o utnec r .sei hT e soG pel of kraM , irw t et n by hoJ n ,kraMaceb m e the noces d ob ok of ht e New tnematseT . And cnis e oy u know orf m ht e f sri t ahc p et r aht t aegral rap t of ht e rtsinim y of uaP l was to vres e as eihC f otidE r of ht e eN w tnematseT , eht n oy u wonk

aht t hoJ n aM r ‛k s rap t of aht t inim s rt y luow d be to kat e ht e rcsunam i tp s f or m uaP l aht t hs o dew : )1(la l ht e lO d nematseT t etouq s tiw h taton i no s by ht e eno s aht t rew e ey t to be esu d by hoJ n raM k in eht

nitirw g of ih s sog p le , na d 2( ) the ircsnart p oit n of the nomitset y of ht e A ltsop e J ema s to ht e il fe dnaaet c sgnih of eJ sus aht t uaP l dam e from ninetsil g to emaJ s in Je elasur m letaidemmi y etfa r sih

revnoc s .noi

-5 1 : AM R .K

cniS e ht e ltsopA e emaJ s vag e uaP l ih s nomitset y to useJ s lihw e Paul aw s in melasureJ , na d luaPedrocer d it on eht tsrif rap c tnemh ht at eh evag hoJ n kraM , the psoG el of raM k is sla o ht e oG s ep l dna

lbiB e ca c dro ing to the Ap so tle Jam .se uoY( oht u thg aJ m se dah hton i gn ot od w hti eht w gnitir fo aepsoG l as id d ht e Ap eltso s J nho , luaP , wehttaM , na d eteP r in ht e oG s ep l es r nom s of ht e b oo k of ).stcA

cniS e ht e Ap ltso e uaP l ag ve wt o emhcrap nts to hoJ n raM k to su e in ht e nitirw g of ehtoG s ep l of kuL e-- no e on the t se t omi ny of emaJ s cihw h oJ hn aM rk used as an niltuo e for ht e iL fe dna aeT c sgnih of eJ sus na d ht e o eht r cihw h sil ted lO d nematseT t tatouq i no s cihw h uaP l ah d r oce r ed d ta

susraT , nikniht g lesmih f to tirw a e G epso l rots y of ht e fiL e na d gnihcaeT s of suseJ ; but ninnur g tuoof ht--emit e epsoG l of raM k is sla o nidrocca g t o luaP . ekiL w si e hoJ n raM k ah d 'luaP s epsoG l to eht

eJ w ,s erbeH w ,s dna Pa s'lu lepsoG to eht neG t ,seli snamoR , of r refer e cn e as he torw e ht e epsoG l foraM k . NO EDNOW R HT E EPSOG L OF RAM K IS SO CO SICN E NA D ROHT O HGU ! iS cn e

uaP l ah d edrocer d nam y lO d seT t nema t noitatouq s on a noces d p nemhcra t of r hoJ n raM k (as hs own niht e A pp e xidn ), eht n ht e G o ps el of M ra k as sla o the B lbi e cca o nidr g to aM r .k

A ohS rt ammuS ry of ht e B elbi

68

What we naw t to do in iht s etpahc r is up t ehtegot r ht e rif st na d noces d tnemhcrap s of uaP l t o mrofa rohs t su mm ary of the w loh e Bi elb . laceR( l aht t in niod g so ahw t we ra e niod g is ninibmoc g ht e eniltuO

orf m uaP l na d emaJ s of the fiL e na d ihcaeT ngs of useJ s tiw h ht e nitsil g of lO d nematseT t uq o snoitati n Ma ).kr

I . P 'lua s mhcraP ent #1 of r hoJ n raM k (an ltuo ine of )kraM1 . raM k 1:1 9, eJ sus c lla s emaJ s na d J ho n from f si h ni g to f llo ow .miH2 . raM k 92:1 , Ja em s aw s w ti h hoJ n ehw n eht y new t tni o ht e esuoh of eteP r dna

erdnA w w reh e useJ s elaeh d ht e al-ni-rehtom w of omiS n .reteP3 . aM rk 1:3 7, maJ es is oma ng the or niad ed lewt ve for s ep c ai l rtsni u noitc s fr mo

useJ s na d to go trof h to .hcaer4 . raM k 73:5 , lno y semaJ , reteP , na d hoJ n rew e ewolla d to go tiw h eJ sus to eht

uoh se of uriaJ s, ht e elur r of the ys n oga g eu , ehw re eJ sus r esia d uriaJ s ' uad g eth r rf om ht e d e .da5 . raM k 2:9 , ht e mas e th er e lno y rew e ta ek n by useJ s up tni o ht e om unt fo

oitarugifsnart n rehw e oG d lesmiH f kops e iH s Co cneicsn e na d et s nomit y to eJ s su , niyas g, ihT" s is ymdevoleb h raeh ;noS i ".m :9( 7 .)

6. raM k 53:01 , emaJ s na d hoJ n sa k useJ s to is t on iH s hgir t dna le tf dnah ni G s'donik g .mod

7. raM k 14:01 , ht e ehto r ten pA o elts s rew e cum h aelpsid sed tiw h emaJ s na d nhoJehw n eht y raeh d of iht s .tseuqer

8. raM k 3:31 , emaJ s tiw h nhoJ , eteP r, na d erdnA w sa k useJ s letavirp y on ht e semitfo tahcse a cigol al .stneve

T" ell su , hw en sh la l eht se niht gs eb ? and ahw t s h la l be ht e gis n hw en la l eht se niht gs hs all ebluf f ?delli " M( ark )4:31

9 . raM k 33:41 , In nameshteG e suj t rofeb e ht e erra st na d eog s irp v leta y to pr yatiw h aJ m se , nhoJ , na d .reteP

hoJ n raM k's Re es a hcr

hoJ n luow d vah e enibmoc d ht e wt o tnemhcrap s tni o ht e rof m as hs own voba e as he p eraper d to etirwa rotS y of eht efiL and eT a sgnihc fo suseJ ba des no eht wt o mhcrap e .stn nehT eh w dluo ha ev

erapmoc d ahw t ah d daerla y eeb n w ettir n on ht e mas e orf m wehttaM , nhoJ , na d ekuL . cniS e cus h aYNOMRAH of ht e srif t erht e lepsoG s as a isab s of r ht e nitirw g of ht e htruof , kraM , is af r noyeb d eht

pocs e of iht s koob , we liw l su e ahw t ostreboR n has nod e i n his HA NOMR Y of r a .noitadnuof

cejbuS t aM tt . hoJ n ekuL

78

.I lepsoG .secruoS 4-1:1II . hC r si t as ht e W dro . -1:1 18III . suseJ 's igolaeneG es. :1 1 1- 7 83-32:3VI . iB rt h na d oohdlihC d 81:1 - 2:2 3 -5:1 2 25:

J/tsitpaB ehT( e )susV. hoJ n the itpaB st . 1:3 -1 2 2-1:2 ; 81-3:3

ht( is id v isi o n is rroc e etal d tiw h M ra k 1:1 - )8IV . irhC s 't s niM i yrts . 1:4-31:3 2 4:4-91:1 5 91:3 - 31:4raM( k -9:1 1 )4IIV . elilaG e M ini s yrt . 31:4 - 1:41 2 64:4 - 4:5 7 41:4 - 9:9

raM( k 41:1 - )34:5IIV I . arT i nin g evlewT . 31:41 - 3:81 5 1:6 - 1:7 0 01:9 - 65raM( k )73:9-44:6XI . duJ ean Mi tsin ry . 11:7 - 3:01 9 :01 1 12:31-

(none on Mark--doe s this m ae n aJ mes aw s not there )?X. reP ean niM i rts y. :91 1 3:02- 4 1 1-04:0 1 5: 4 22:31 - 82:91raM( k 1:01 - )25IX . hT e S wodah . 52:42 - 4:62 6 2:21 - :81 1 12 : 64:22-5raM( k 1:31 - )24:41IX I . A err s -t B lairu . 74:62 - 6:72 6 2:81 - 4:91 2 74:22 - 65:32raM( k -34:41 1 74:5IIX I . eR s rru e oitc n an d 1:82 -2 0 2:02 -2 1 1:42 -5 3 A isnecs o .nraM( k 1:61 - )02

2-5 : emaJ s o n kraM

In edro r to nimreted e how cum h of ht e A ltsop e J ema s we ac n ceted t in ht e lepsoG fo Ma ,kr we evahwt o ecruos s on ahw t emaJ s torw e na d dias : (1) ahW t is edrocer d f or m ih m in ht e oob k o f A stc ; dna2( ) hT e nis gle sipe tle aht t he torw e ellac d ht e b ook o f J ma es . emaJ s ps oke lttil e in the book o f tcA s.

It was rp i liram y eteP r na d oJ hn itnu l ht e Day of eD s oitalo n ppa r ehcao d rehw e ureJ s ela m na d thelpmet e rew e yortsed ed in 70 .A D.; na d as oJ hn as w aht t rppa o gnihca , as eJ sus ah d esivda d meht , nhoJ

elf d elasureJ m in o edr r to kat e rac e o f raM y in ht e sav t soptuo t of ht e amoR n mE p ri e . ( eP r ah ps ta italaG a tiw h .nomelihP ) hT e ltsopA e emaJ s aw s sub y nieb g ht e otsap r fo eht tsrif uhc rch in Je ur s .mela

hT e lgnis e p cal e ht e ciov e of J ema s in solo ps oke aw s at ht e aerG t iC r oisicmuc n oC n cneref e inelasureJ m as edrocer d i n tcA s 51 ; na d if reht e luoc d be no e lgnis e meht e of iht s GNIHCAERP DNA

GNIHCAET GUORHT H HT E BIB LE, it luow d be aht t pxe r esse d by ht e Ap ltso e emaJ s as he sai :d

88

NWONK" TNU O OG D RA E LA L IH S W KRO S RF OM HT E NINNIGEB G OF HT E DLROW " stcA( 1:51 8 ;)na d tfa er vah ing uq o et d orf m Amos :9 1 1,1 2 --

nA" d etfa r eht y had leh d ht eir caep e, emaJ s wsna e der , s gniya , eM n na d br rhte en, eh a ekr n otnu :em noemiS htah d deralce woh doG ta t eh tsrif did vi tis eht neG t ,seli to kat e uo t of them a

ep o lp e of r ih s eman . nA d to iht s ga ree ht e drow s of ht e pr hpo e st ; as i t i s nettirw , Af et r siht I liw l nruter , na d liw l bu li d iaga n ht e lcanrebat e of aD v di , wh ci h is llaf en nwod ; na I d wil l dliub

iaga n ht e iur ns eht r foe , na d I liw l es t it pu : That ht e r udise e tona( her row d for nmer a tn ) fo nemhgim t es ek etfa r ht e oL rd, na d la l ht e elitneG s, opu n whom my man e is dellac , tias h ht e droL , ohwteod h la l seht e gniht . wonK n tnu o oG d ra e la l ih s krow s orf m ht e eb g ninni g of ht e .dlrow " ( stcA

)81-31:51

I" n aht t ad y liw l I r sia e up ht e t ba e anr cle fo divaD taht is ,nellaf dna c esol pu eht sehcaerb :foereht na d I liw l iar se u p his niur s, na d I iw ll ub ti dli sa ni eht fo syad lo d; yam yeht tahT

ssessop ht e re nm a tn fo odE m, dna fo lla t eh nehtaeh itneG( l ,)se era hcihw lac l de yb ym an m ,eas ith ht e ROL D that od eth ht i .s " omA( s )21,11:9

At iht s niop t we sh luo d cehc k hT" e N ew elbiB " nitsil g in ht e lepsoG selbaT to es e if sihtlO d nematseT t oitatouq n f or m omA s is dedulcni ; na d if ton , eht n da d ti . hT" e eN w "elbiB , al ai s ehT

epsoG baT l l ,e ohs ws somA 11:9 , 21 ot eb t ereh sa part of ht e epsoG l y( ou ac n ool k at it in be ol w niaM s et r T lba e 9. sihT( bat le si kat en morf hc a retp ,4 but etsni ad fo ,9-4 it si a aM“ s et r ” bat le th ta

will b e ees n t guorh h ht e b o ).ko

aM s et r T lba e 9 : I-erP s aia h P hpor ets.

alcorP i dem silbatsE h de denialpxE decrofnieR pA p xidnelO( d )tseT (Matth )we H( e )moR/b )ekuL( raM( k)

aidabO h 51 resnI t f or m ht e A ltsop e J nho : eR v oitale n 41:61

aidabO h 12 snI ert from ht e Ap ltso e luaP : I C iro n naiht s 82:51

noJ ah :3 1 4- 92:11

eoJ l 82:2 - 23 snI ert from iF rst Se omr n by ht e pA o lts e P rete : cA ts 61:2 - 12

eoJ l 31:3 92:4

eoJ l 61:4 42:31

omA s 72-52:5 snI ert from etS p eh n in cA ts: A tc s 24:7

omA s 21,11:9 resnI t f or m tcA s : tcA s 71-51:51

oH sea 1:11 51:2

98

secnerefeR ot kraM in eht eltsipe fo aJ m se

We ac n nif d ecnerefer s to ht e epsoG l o f raM k iuq c lk y by us ni g ht e nec ter c mulo n eton s of na y doogfer e cner e Bible as listed iw thin the epistle of J ma es. What we find hw en we do s o is as listed belo .w

semaJ kraM

1 . J ema s 1:6 raM k 11 42:

2. emaJ s 91:2 raM k 42:1

3. maJ es 1:3 raM k 04:2

eW liw l lfeirb y ool k at soht e in ht e etpahc r nicneuqes g of ht e koob fo raM k. tsriF( gniwohs t eh esrevor rev ses from emaJ s cnis e we ra e nikool g of r ht e cneulfni e of emaJ s in raM k rofeb e ht e w nitir g fo

raM k a s an dneppA ix t o the biB l ).e

1 . M ra k 2:1 4 and emaJ s .91:2

ohT" u tseveileb taht t eeh is o en ;doG ht ou tseod ew l :l eht ived ls osla ,eveileb dna t ".elbmerJ( a em s 2: )91

.)1( ehT liveD a dn ived ls eveileb ni doG ni t eh esnes fo onk w fo gni siH e netsix ceuohtiw t nivah g ht e nik d of tiaf h aht t evas s, na d aht t is ht e pr rami y urht st of ht e oob k of emaJ s: htiaF

cihw h evas s na d tiaf h cihw h eod s on t vas e. .)2( cniS e ht e lived s h va e a edaorb r noc c pe t fo oG d aht n soht e hw o vah e ton

eveileb d tnu o noitavlas , eht y lbmert e at ht e thguoht s na d tnemgduj s of oG d sa pmoc a der ot w tah esohthw o do not believe unto salvation kn .wo

nA" d eht y new t tni o muanrepaC ; na d rts a awthgi y on ht e tabbas h ad y he retne ed tni o eht,eugoganys and thguat . nA d eht y were a s hsinot ed at ih s tcod r eni : for he ta hgu t ht em a s eno

taht ah d htua or dna ,yti not sa eht .sebircs And ereht saw ni t rieh a eugoganys nam wi ht nanaelcnu rips it; na d he irc ed tuo , aS y gni , Let us nola e; ahw t have we to od w tiw h eht e, oht u Je sus

of hterazaN ? ra t oht u moc e to ortsed y su ? I wonk eeht w oh uoht ,tra eht Ho yl enO fo G ".doM( ark )42-12:1

.)1( od ylno toN eht slived eb l evei in God , but the y also onk w Wh o J se us is as ehtloH y nO e of doG ; na d give a tset i nom y to eJ sus as r oce r ed d ab vo e, tla h uo gh not a te ts i nom y tahtecen s iras ly dael s to las v noita . Ho evew r in ht e sac e of this tnedicni , ti did dael ot avlas t noi ni eht esnes

aht t useJ s evomer d the aelcnu n sp iri t rf om ht e .nam

09

.)2( We see that cnis e ev re y amuh n ah s a amuh n ips r ti ; na d aht t mos e h amu n rips i stac n be letelpmoc y imod n eta d by ive l rehw e o reht s go to the mertxe e of nieb g etanimod d by doog , dnatiw h mos e in neewteb , aht t ht e amuh n irips t esab d on ht e gdelwonk e of oog d na d ev li , yawla s sniatnoc

ot htob rav y gni .seerged

2 . aM rk 2:11 4 and emaJ s .6:1

uB" t el t ih m ask in htiaf , nihton g evaw r gni . oF r he ht at terevaw h is kil e a vaw e of eht aes nevirdtiw h th e niw d na d to ss e .d " ( maJ es )6:1

.)1( Up norf t in emaJ s is ht e nik d of tiaf h cihw h as v se , a tiaf h aht t eod s on t ;revawna d a tiaf h aht t ksa s of oG d in reyarp , na d r eviece s ht e ewsna r to p reyar . lihW e ht ere is a g oo d tniop

in taht G do seod ton la w sya wsna re s uo r pr reya s ltcaxe y as we sa k them in reluhcS 's, oG" d syawlarewsna s reve y reyarp w hti I` evoL 'uoY ", ew dluohs ton irassecen ly eb tas i deifs ni ruo " ,gniksa ,gnikees

na d gnikconk " tiw h cus h a epus r .ytilaicif .)2( hT is aw v nire g f htia , kil e a roc k on ht e aes , is rom e ika n to an e iv l or ed v li

etanimod d amuh n sp iri t aht n a good o r oG d etanimod d h amu n rips i .t

nA" d eteP r nillac g to cnarbmemer e tias h tnu o mih , retsaM , dloheb , ht e fig ert e cihw h uohttsdesruc is htiw e er d awa y. nA d useJ s ewsna r ni g tias h tnu o meht , vaH e tiaf h in doG . oF r ev r yli

I as y nu to uoy , That sohw o eve r lahs l say tnu o this iatnuom n, Be thou omer v de , na d be uoht tsactni o ht e s ae ; and lahs l not buod t in sih ,traeh tub llahs eveileb taht ht o es sgniht cihw h h e s htiahs all moc e to ap ss; he sh la l ha ev reveostahw eh .htias eroferehT I yas otnu oy u, tahW iht n sg

reveos ye ed s eri , when y e arp y, eileb v e aht t ye cer e vi e ht em, na d ye s lah l vah e .meht " kraM()42-12:11

cniS e we ra e tr niy g to dni i tac e ht e lfni u cne e o f emaJ s in kraM , we pahrep s luow d vah e lef t eromofmoc r lbat e if emaJ s had eksa d iht s uq e oits n than reteP ; ub t the po p tiso e is eurt , of r evig n ht e v yrelbmuh e na d uler c nat t rutan e of ht e ltsopA e kil e hoJ n hoJ( n 42:12 ) to eve n oitnem n ieht r wo n seman

ni eht epsoG ls dna tsipe l ,se aJ m se ow u dl erom ylevissergga tes htrof reteP ht a .flesmih n

3 . raM k 4:21 0 na d emaJ s .1:3

M" y erb t rh en, be on t many am s ret s, onk w ni g that we llahs eviecer eht retaerg noitanmednoc . rofin nam y niht gs we o ff end lla . If any am n fo f ne d not in ow rd, ht e s ma e is a p re f ce t man, and elba

sla o to rb i ld e th e hw ole ob d .y " J( a em s 3: )2,1( )1 . hT e ot n ug e na d the wo dr s aht t moc e from the to gn ue, r fe l tce ed ht e muh an

rips it dna co neicsn c ,e si tsom per r se e atn t vi e of ht e eb h iva o ar l ch cara t re i ts ics of the hw ole h namu

19

ydob . If a am n ac n rtnoc ol ht e to ugn e and ydob , he ah s ortnoc l evo r ih s wo n amuh n tirips . (I .roC)23:41

.)2( On ht e vitisop e edis : to ldirb e ht e ugnot e is to ortnoc l ht e lohw e body hcihwnessel s ht e tilibatnuocca y to oG d of r ahw t i s s ia d nirud g uo r .emitefil

nA" d he ias d tnu o eht m in ih s enirtcod , raweB e o f ht e ebircs s, cihw h ol ve to og ni gnol c ,gnihtolna d evol tatulas i sno ni eht ram k ,secalp-te A dn eht hc i fe taes s in ht e anys g seugo , na d eht

tsomreppu smoor ta ;staef hW i hc ruoved w 'swodi oh u ,ses dna rof a ecneterp ekam l gno :sreyarpeht se sh la l re iec ve gr tae er mad n oita n." ( raM k )04-83:21

3-5 : hT e lO d nematseT t in semaJ

eW luohs d sla o rapmoc e ht e lO d nematseT t in ht e e ltsip e of emaJ s iw th ht e lO d nematseT t in ehtepsoG l of Mark; a nd here we sum t di its n iug sh ewteb en ht e lO d seT t nema t in emaJ s cihw h we ac n dnif

by rah d noitatouq s tiw h rah d oitcudortni ns lihw e we aer d uorht gh emaJ s sa pmoc a der ot esoht setouqna d re ecneref s cihw h ra e on t as drah , ub t ra e il s et d in etnec r co mul n seton , be ni g raw y of r iht s ismos e 'nam s etni r rp e oitat n of ahw t is re detal . hT e tsefas , of esruoc , ra e ht e rah d etouq s tiw h drah

noitcudortni s cihw h we ac n nif d of r esruo l sev ; and t his w li l b e li ets d tsrif . If we ool k at a eromtelpmoc e nitsil g of ht e New lbiB e tiw h a om re ex net s vi e il s nit g of lO d eT s emat nt uq o itat o sn , We nac

es e oh w nam y ra e erla ady etsil d of r ht e oob k of semaJ ; na d na y cr so s r- e ref e ecn s to ht e oob k of aM r .kihW le ht e telpmoc e na d ezilanif d eN w lbiB e is of r etal r semulov , we vah e al aer dy the fo iwoll ng sa

etacidni d woleb . ihT( s lno y luow d be a gis n nacifi t lbiB e s ydut , na d if we vah e mit e in iht s duts y noissesew w lli c emo ba ot kc it ).

evewoH r ton e aht t lihw e Ja em s :4 5 etouq s orf m evorP rbs 4:72 , iht s is ewollof d in ht e New lbiB e htiwa raM k 31 :24 touq e orf m etsaiselccE s 3-1:21 . cehC k seht e oleb w orf m etsaM r aT ble 8 orf m retpahc

.4

aM s et r T lba e 8 : psoG el orf m omoloS n.

alcorP i dem silbatsE h de denialpxE decrofnieR pA p xidnelO( d )tseT (Matth )we H( e )moR/b )ekuL( raM( k)

evorP rbs 21:3 beH r we s 6:21

evorP rbs 61:51 snI ert from Ap ltso e luaP : I tomiT hy 6:6

evorP rbs 11:62 snI ert from ht e Ap ltso e eteP r : II P ete r 22:2

orP v bre s 4:72 snI ert from ht e Ap ltso e semaJ : emaJ s 5:4

setsaiselccE 42:31

29

1 . J ema s .5:4

D" o ye th ni k ht at ht e rcs i utp re sa ti h in av in, The sp iri t that wd e tell h in us tsul eth to e vn y "?J( a em s 4: )5

2 . Pr evo rbs .4:72

tsaoB" on t yht s le f of to worrom ; of r oht u sewonk t on t ahw t a ad y am y nirb g htrof . teL rehtonanam iarp se eht e, na d on t niht e wo n htuom ; a regnarts , and on t niht e wo n spil . A nots e is he ,yva

na d ht e sand thgiew y; ub t a s'loof htarw si reivaeh naht meht .htob htarW si cr ,leu dna regnais ou art g uoe s; ub t who is a lb e to ts and eb f ro e ne v ?y " ( rP o ev rbs 72 : )4-1

.)1( lihW e we do on t nif d s" p tiri " of r amuh n ps i ir t in iht s touq e from Proverbs, ewtsum zilaer e aht t rev y lbissop y it aw s in ht e anigiro l oisrev n o f ht e lO d nematseT t b rofe e it tnew

hguorht es v are l tr talsna i sno ; na d t o r lace l aht t ht e lohw e oob k of brevorP s is a nikees g etfa r modsiwevo r llof y, ht e ps i ir t of ht e gdelwonk e of g oo d over ev .li

.)2( lihW e we do see lraelc y as we aer d rP o brev s :72 1 is htona er cerid t touq e niemaJ s cihw h pe hr aps we ah d on t pr ve i uo sly r ilae zed a s cus h cnis e it ah d no rah d noitcudortni . sihT

we es e f or m the mis i tiral y of idrow n g from rP o ev rbs :72 1 na d emaJ s -31:4 1 :7

G" o to won , ye aht t yas , To ad y or to mo orr w we liw l go tni o cus h a ,ytic dna itnoc n eu ereht aaey r, na d ub y and lles , and eg t niag : erehW as ye onk w on t ahw t lahs l be on ht e worrom . Fortahw is uoy r efil ? It is eve n a av p ruo , ht at ppa e tera h of r a lttil e emit , na d eht n hsinav eth .yawa

oF r aht t ye hguo t to yas , fI eht droL wi ,ll ew llahs ,evil dna do ,siht ro ".taht aJ( m se )51-31:4

In fa tc , if we cehc k a oog d r cnerefe e lbiB e we liw l nif d es v are l lO d nematseT t er f ecnere s of r ht isaJ mes 4: 1-31 5 assap ges a s of l ol w --s

nA d if we il s et d la l ht e lO d nematseT t re ecneref s in emaJ s cihw( h is ehtona r g oo d lbiB e s )ydut , yehtluow d be s ingi f ltnaci y egral ; ub t iht s is nikat g us af r orf m uo r ucof s on ht e oob k of kraM , ecxe p t ni

aht t we rised e to kam e a sirapmoc on of ht e lO d nematseT t in emaJ s tiw h ht e lO d matseT ent in M .kraaT ble 4-1 on ht e next gap e is a telpmoc e tsil ing of the lO d nematseT t etouq s na d ecnerefer s in ehtipe s lt e of semaJ . noituaC( : mos e 'nam s oitaterpretni n is ni v lo ved in er f re e ecn s aht t ra e on t bo v suoi

as rah d touq a noit s tiw h rah d udortni c .snoit ) lbaT e -4 1 is liub t orf m ht e niwollof g ool k guorht h ehtrefer e ecn s of r ht e b oo k of semaJ , lno y lbaT e 4-1 i s r droe e er d in ht e m ost p babor ly cneuqes e of eht

lO d .tnematseT

elbaT 12 : ehT dlO T tnematse ni J sema

niht e ae r tnu o wi mods , na d a lpp y niht e eh art to u edn r ats n gnid ." (P or v bre s )2,1:2

39

lO d matseT ent Bo ko s emaJ s OT ooB ks (C itno n deu ) semaJ1 . Job 2:1 1 :5 1 9 . vorP e br s 2: -3 6 5:1

:7 7 1:4 4 :3 5 8:14:22 9 1:4 0 3:3 4 6:41:24 0 :5 1 1:01 2 02:5

2 . eG n ise s 2:1 6 :3 9 2:11 6 1:5:5 1 1:21 8 5:3:9 6 :51 2 5:3:51 6 2:2 3 2:61 7 6:3

3 . udoxE s 1,31:02 4 1:2 1 :72 1 31:44 . eL v uciti s 1:91 6 :2 8 01 . mA os 1,11:9 2 emaJ( s in A tc s 51 : )7,615 . Jo uhs a :2 1 2:2 5 11 . aiasI h :14 8 32:26 . I K gni s :71 1 1:5 7 1:75 5 01:1

4:81 2 1:5 8 21 . aciM h 1:7 8 31:2.7 II hC r lcino es 2:51 :4 8 31 . reJ e aim h 11:71 2:5

7:02 2:2 3 41 . D eina l 12 3: 21:1.8 Ps la m :23 9 3:3 51 . M hcala i :3 7 8:4

1:43 3 62:1.8 tnoc . lasP m 21:49 62:1

3:201 41:43:041 8:3

etoN : ahT t the Ap ltso e emaJ s kil e Pe et r lat ked iB ble in reve y row d aht t ac me uo t of ih s pil s or morfih s nep . Wh li e nisserpxe g oituac n on emos fo ,eseht w e ow u dl al os ton e ht e rah d row k aht t aw s enod

by mos e em n in ht e r aese rch aht t we f ni d in etnec r muloc n n eto s, a er s crae h o f cihw h w e hs o lu d ekatavda n egat htla o gu h we luohs d itlu m leta y cehc k ht e ecnerefer s of r -sevlesruo - aila s craeS" h eht

utpircs r "se . We ac n on t h le p ub t esbo rve aht t Pr brevo s etanimod s semaJ ; na d that in tob h emaJ s dnarevorP s modsiw" " as ht e up dis e of ht e gdelwonk e of oog d na d ive l or ht e amuh n irips t is ht e yramirp

jbus e --tc

I" f na y of yo u cal k iw s mod , le t ih m as k of doG , aht t ig v te h t o la l em n bil e yllar , and arbpu i htedton ; na d it hs all be g vi en mih ." (J ema s )5:1

uB" t eht modsiw taht fi morf ab evo si tsrif ,erup neht ecaep elba , eg n elt , na d e sa y t o ebtne r tae ed, luf l of em rcy na d oog d fr stiu , htiw out itrap a ytil , na d htiw out yh p irco s .y " J( a em s 3: )71

M" y nos , if oht u liw t iecer ve my drow s, na d dih e my tnemdnammoc s tiw h eht e; So ht at oht u enilcni

49

ehW n ht e traeh" " emoceb s devlovni , it is ht e raeh t of ht e amuh n irips t as lew l a s ht e traeh" " of ehtuos l na d noc s .ecneic

A irapmoC s no

A ool k cab k hs ows aht t ht e Ap ltso e emaJ s in the oob k of emaJ s na d ht e one touq e f or m stcArefer e ecn s 15 of ht e 3 9 lO d nematseT t skoob . No ab d for no e lttil e e ltsip e of 5 etpahc rs ! A dn

yllatnedicni , iht s sulli t etar s oh w aht t if you ats r et d ikat ng no e lttil e e ip s lt e uo t of the iB ble kil e semaJht e nitatsaved g ceffe t it uow ld vah e on ht e lbiB e na d ht e lO d T tnematse ; na d oh w in rut n ht e B elbi

of ht e Ap eltso s na d ssa o etaic s t( he eN w eT s tnemat ) sla o e lbats i hs es the lO d nematseT t as ht e droWof doG ! Now, we ra e er ady to do hw a t our g ao l aw s in iht s retpahc : to rapmoc e emaJ s with kraM ; ro

rom e llacificeps y on w, t o rapmoc e ht e lO d nematseT t in emaJ s tiw h ht e lO d nematseT t in kraM . fIoy u kool ta neve eht igeb n gnin , oy u liw l ton e aht t raM k is eve n a A idnepp x to emaJ s eve n if we ac n tonub y ht e isehtopyh s aht t raM k aw s ht e sal t book of ht e B lbi e to be irw t net . What is mi p ro t na t an yawy

is aht t we es e raM k as a rev y oog d mmus ary of ht e lohw e lbiB e ehtehw r we ub y ht e yh p isehto s or ;tonna d eht mirp a yr nosaer si eb c esua yb t eh yduts fo Ma kr we og kcab ot eht efil a dn et a sgnihc of eJ s su

cihw h etrats d na d edulcnoc d the lohw e eN w .tnematseT

ahT t hoJ n raM k s ednuorru d the no e er f cnere e from udoxE s in emaJ s is la so oivbo us. A dnht e mas e in eL v suciti . B to h emaJ s na d John raM k dulcni e none orf m Nu srebm , na d no ly aM rk ah s so emorf m ueD t ymonore . I( f we ah d on t resbo ved erp v lsuoi y toN e oh w that tiw h a noitaredisnoc

of lno y two koob s in ht e New tnematseT , Ja em s na d kraM , we vah e umucca l eta d etouq s orf m 21 of eht39 koob s of the lO d eT s tnemat . ahT t is somla t 45 % of ht e lO d nematseT t skoob ! ahW t a emert n suod

capmi t ht e avomer l of ht e oob k of emaJ s orf m ht e lbiB e luow d vah e on uo r ednu r dnats ing of ht e dlOnematseT t koob s aht t emaJ s xe p nial s; na d what an ef cef t the r avome l of any no e of th se e 21 ob o sk

of ht e lO d eT s nemat t luow d vah e o n siwekil e r nivome g t soh e qu eto s from raM k na d semaJ . ahW t sinieb g ias d i n ehto r sdrow , is aht t ht e lbiB e is !ENO

oH w uoroht gh raM k is no eht wal fo eht tneP a ,hcuet tpecxe rof ,srebmuN w e dluohs do osn wo ; dna eht re nosa si taht ,suseJ w oh ac me ton ot de yorts tub to llifluf eht wal dna eht ehporp t ,s

etouq d so etfo n orf m the la .w ) maJ es does muj p ha ead on ht e h acirotsi l ob oks of the lO d ,tnematseTnitouq g orf m uhsoJ a lihw e raM k eod s ton , eht n cni l nidu g wt o rom e of ht e otsih r aci l -skoob -I gniK s dna

II orhC n selci . H revewo , ton e how ltaen y raM k sretni p esre s tiw h I maS u le dna I .sgniK oslA oy u s dluohton e ht e co uopm n nid g n ruta e o f ht e lO d nematseT t in the eN w nematseT t lihw( e emaJ s nola e setouqorf m 15 lO d nematseT t koob s tiw h ht e ad oitid n of M kra , th re e are moc p ednuo a d atot l of 19 dlO

nematseT t skoob ): cae h mit e htona er eN w nematseT t oob k is edda d to ht e tsil , on t lno y is reht e ehtoitidda n of rom e koob s of ht e lO d nematseT t ub t also rom e retpahc s iw th sa ni eht ca es of emaJ s dna

59

raM k til tle vo e lr ap of hc a sretp . I( t is eggus s vit e aht t ehw n ht e ltsopA e hoJ n torw e aht t ht e dlrow"sti elf dluoc ton noc t nia eht b skoo w hcih dluohs eb rw i ,"nett gnoma ot reh sgniht h e naem t aht t i f ehteN w atseT m ne t retirw s ulcni ded reve y lgnis e touq e in ht e lO d nematseT t ulp s ht e oitaterpretni n fo

esoht setouq , the ebmun r of eN w nematseT t koob s luow d eek p niog g no wi tuoht )!pots hT ey tsuj erewon t lba e to eg t to la l of meht , ub t ahw t eht y id d eg t to ra e rev y vitatneserper e of ahw t oG d sredisnoc

som t opmi r nat t in ht e lO d nematseT t to be etni r eterp d in ht e eN w .tnematseT

On smlasP : raM k uq o et s if ve, nikat g ht e dael ; eht n emaJ s owt , na d raM k emoc s cab k htiwuof r -erom - even r a r taepe ; na d eht n emaJ s emoc s cab k tiw h owt , raM k ruof , na d emaJ s ulcnoc des noasP lms tiw h 3:041 . As we hgim t sus p ce t raM k is not ctam h of r emaJ s on orP v bre s na d ,"modsiw"

nidda g lno y no e to ht e il st of semaJ , but aht t no e a s A-ime p idnep x as the xen t t o the .tsal

On ht e oniM r orP p teh s: raM k s pil s in ha ead of J ema s on mA os tiw h the Pr po het oJ el; retfahaiasI , we w li l citon e on aiasI-tsop h oniM r rP oph te s, they b to h uq ote f or m aciM h-- raM k from the s emaetpahc r ub t s hgil tly aeha d of emaJ s in sesrev ; lno y raM k etouq s orf m hairahceZ ; na d on ht e last ronim

rP oph te , M cala hi , Ja em s ah s no e lihw e raM k touq es eciwt , na d raM k nidda g on both sedis fo aJ m .seehW n ht ey both come to the Big M oja r rP oph te , I ias ah. Wh li e J ema s ah s no ly wt o n ae r eht

ne d of haiasI , raM k tresni s vif e feb ore aht t niop t. ehT n the rettap n g eo s emaJ s eno , raM k no e, semaJeno , na d raM k o en . reJ e aim h is no e for maJ es na d t erh e of r kraM ; na d ihw le emaJ s etouq s cno e morf

einaD l, raM k ah s f evi . (All of 'kraM s leinaD s ra e aeha d o f emaJ s a s if a pA-erp p .xidne ) lnO y kraMetouq s rf om ikezE e .l

moS e cinahceM s na d a weiveR

ihT s is tob h a eiver w of ht e av s t oma unt of am t re ial pr ve i uo sly co ev r de - a- f et r la l in ob t h ac s se , tahtof ht e etsaM r elbaT s na d aht t of pewskciuq , we ekool d at ht e lohw e B elbi , eciwt ; na d it is a tes t gniup of nibmoc ed retam ial of r ht e r se t of ht e .koob

4-5 : hT" e niviL g oG d of ht e gniviL " orf m seneG is 1:26 rht u sudoxE.81:61

iS cn e oy u es e aht t ht e fi sr t of ht e 12 ojam r o niltu e ivid s noi s of eewskciuq p by touq es evoc rs la l ofiseneG s as etouq d in ht e eN w atseT m ne t na d ht e srif t eetxis n retpahc s of oxE d su , we liw l have ot

ils g lth y eifidom d etsaM r elbaT s 1 na d 2. Ho evew r we liw l kam e en w lbat es that taler e lno y to ht e txenets p o f the biB le uo t nil e, ht e R mo an un m are l .s

I . God, naM , na d .egairraM

69

I . doG , naM , na d .egairraM

1 . Ge sen is :1 2 72,6 , ehttaM w :91 4 , a dn raM k 01 : .6

( )1 . eL t US m ka e am n in UO R gami e epseb a ks of ht e larulp ity o f oG d nirud g ht e mit e of .noitaerc

( )2 . In uo r gami e na d etfa r uo r senekil s llet s of mos e of t he rolg y of m an aht t nirud g erC a oit n aw s eriuqca d fr mo

.doG

( )3 . hT e nimod io n of am n over la l ht e ehto r ow rks of taerC ion et lls fo ht e riF ts moC m si s oi n of am n to be a ip o een r

in ht e tarolpxe ion na d ortnoc l of ht e krow s of .noitaerC

( )4 . hT e lbiB e erefer s to am n as lam e na d lamef e so aht t in gairram e m la e na d lamef e oceb m es a gnitnemilpmoc

oc u lp e of m la e na d fe m la e . hT a t is t he wa y Go d or igi n lla y rc e at ed th em ; an d in m ar air g e t ha t is t he wa y H e ni t ne d s fo r ti

to eek p og ing drocca ing to suseJ , na d osba l letu y no srep on is to vah e na y rap t in ht e tarapes ion o f ht ose wt o hw ich oG d ah s

oj i en d rehtegot .

2 . Ge sen is :2 7 42, , I oC r 54:51 , ehttaM w :91 5, I Cor 1:6 6, a dn raM k 01 : .8,7

( )1 . orF m eG n :2 7 we l rae n taht : a( ) oG d etaerc d am n syhp i lac ly orf m nihtemos g aht t al daer y xe i dets , orf m ht e

le e m ne t s of th e ea rt h; (b ) As fa r as th e a ct au l l ixe s te cn e or in wa rd s ip r it of m an t ha t c am e f or m oG d br ea th ni g tni o mih

ht e br ae t h of ;efil a nd (c ) W ti h t ah t ips r it of il f e sla o ma n be ac m e a nivil g .luos

( )2 . orF m eG n 2:2 4 we rael n of ht e no e self h citsiretcarahc s of gairram e aht t oG d lits l i dnetn s na d ah s syawla

in dnet ed, aht t on ene ss sahpme i ez d by eJ sus a dn ht e pA o ts les in ht e eN w nematseT t.

(3 ) . hW ile Paul in I Cor 15 :45 is e pm hasiz ing the difference between the f irst Adam and Christ the seco dn Adam,

sla o ht e ffid e cner e eewteb n ht e n aruta l and ht e ps i autir l ydob , ht e rif ts am n orf m trae h na d ht e ces ond orf m nevaeh , he

la os co artn sts ht e living uos l na d the living ps i ir t.

(4 ) . As a man departs from the househo ld fo ih s mother and father , c leav ing to a wife in marriage , the two become

in doG s gis h t as no e self h (M ta t eh w 1 ,5:9 6 a nd Ma rk 10 .)8,7:

( )5 . So res i uo s is iht s ettam r of oj i in gn tiw h oG d aht t ht e lbiB e snoc i red s ehw n a am n ah s a er l oita n ihs p with a

olrah t aht t he b oce m es no e b do y tiw h eh r (I C or 1:6 6 .)

3 . G ne esis :5 1 2, , ehttaM w :91 4, a dn raM k 01 : .6

)1( . eG n ise s :5 1 ,2 r nie f ro c es a nd b dliu s on p re oiv u s do ct nir e as G od c lla s th ie r n am e, m la e na d fe m la e , Ad am .

As oy u es e in ht e oitces n evoba , amor n ebmun r I on doG" , naM , na d raM r egai " dne s tiw h eneG sis :5 1 2,os in ht e iltuO" ned Ma ts er Ta lb e "1 oleb w w e vah e wohs n aht t oisividbus n as lew l as voba e oJ b 2:24ht e rojam ou enilt d noisivi fo HT" E NIVIL G OG D OF HT E ."GNIVIL When you look d wo n ta eht tsrifwor s o f the en w eniltuO" d etsaM r elbaT " oy u am y ksa , eod s oJ b :24 2 llaer y taler e to ht e cejbus t fohT" e niviL g oG d of ht e gniviL " cnis e it is a nol g yaw s teb w ee n ht e koob fo boJ a dn eht koob fo .siseneG

lleW , it llaer y eod s cnis e boJ , who ah d raeh d uoba t oG d w ti h ht e niraeh g of ih s srae , on w ees s oG d htiwih s wo n ey se ; na d f ru t eh r rom e he c emo s to k on w God as ht e God tiw h " ohw m nihton g is sopmi s "elbi

24 boJ( : dna 2 kraM 10 .)72:

niltuO ed aM s et r T lba e 1 : ehT lepsoG fo eht iviL ng doG fo eht Li .gniv

rP o mialc ed dehsilbatsE denialpxE decrofnieR eppA n xidHT E IL V NI G OG D OF HT E IL V GNI

boJ 42 2: 72:01.I ,doG M ,na dna .egairraM

neG e is s 72:1 4:91 6:01neG e is s 42:2 5:91 8,7:01

siseneG 8:4 53:32siseneG 2:5 4:91 6:01

II . God na d th e oG s .lepneG e is s -11:6 73:42neG e is s 12,7:7 73:42neG e is s 3-1:21 snamoR 4

siseneG 5:51 amoR ns 81:4siseneG 5:71 amoR ns 71:4siseneG 7:71 37-76:1

III . oG d o f the iviL ng, uO r Fa eht r i n H vae e .nneG e is s 41:81 62:91 72:01neG e is s 42:91 42:11

siseneG 8:83 83,82:02 91:21

II . Go d na d ht e G .lepso

II . G od an d th e oG s .lep

1 . G ne esis 21 : -1 3 na d aG l ta i na s 3 8: . .9

( )1 . tiW h G do s lac l to bA r am to htona e r dnal , oG d vag e th e nitsalreve g oc v nane t fo : a( ) orF m bA r am ‛s ees d doG

ow uld kam e the rg eat n ta ion of I rs ael; (b) Th or ugh his seed Christ the name of bA ram ow uld be rg e ta ; na d (c) Th or ugh

arbA m la l ht e limaf ies na d noitan s of ht e trae h luow d be .desselb

( )2 . uaP l rw i et s in aG l ta i na s 3: ,8 9 taht :

a. ehW n G od sa id “In the e sha ll a ll nat io sn be blessed” God was preac ih ng the Gospel to bA rah ma ;

b . hT is la l noitan s naem t ht e selitneG , o r ehtaeh n cihw h is ht e rovaf ite row d of ht e lbiB e of r ;selitneG

c . ihT s epsoG l is fitsuj i oitac n guorht h htiaf ; dna

d. lA l itneG les na d weJ s hw o leb i ve e ni irhC ts emoceb s ht e ees d of aharbA m guorht h af i ht .

2 . G ne esis 51 : 6,5 , namoR s 4 81: , na d Ja em s 2:2 3.

)1( . In G ne e is s 1 :5 5 oG d edi n it f ei s t ha t t he es e d of Ab ra m liw l b e a s nu m er uo s as t he ts a rs o f t he ks y , na d ni

iseneG s :51 6 si cn e aharbA m eveileb d oG d will He as id iht s ht e eileb f aw s etnuoc d of r ri .ssensuoethg

( )2 . In q tou ing S“ o ahs ll y uo r s ee d eb ” orf m eG n se is ni namoR s 1:4 8, P ua l sahpme i ez s h ow aharbA m leb i eve d in poh e

sniaga t poh e aht t he luow d eedni d be ht e ehtaf r of ma ny noitan s al guoht h he ah d at th e mit e no .snos

( )3 . hT e ltsopA e emaJ s in emaJ s 2:2 3 etaretier s oh w ht e f tia h of aharbA m aw s etnuoc d as ssensuoethgir , gnidda

aht t Ab ahar m wa s ellac d ht e rf i ne d of .doG

79

89

3 . Ge sen is 71 :5 na d namoR s 4 .71:

)1( . As G od c ha ng es t he an m e of Ab ra m to A br ah am , He as y s “A fa th er of m na y an t noi s ha ve I m ad e t he .”e

( )2 . uaP l et lls us in namoR s 1:4 7 aht t ht is uq ote rf om seneG is 71 :5 et lls us wt o ht i gn s ba out oG d esmiH lf:

a . oG d is a l efi - nivig g doG ; dna

b. oG d is a God aht t can ac ll i tn o exi nets ce ahw t did on t pr ve i suo ly xe i ts .

III . oG d of ht e gniviL , ou r ehtaF r i n .nevaeH

ihT s fo noisivid "T eh gniviL doG fo eht "gniviL m seka oy u th ni k the edom l pr eya r rf om suseJ , o netfellac d hT" e droL 's eyarP r" sum t be in ht e lepsoG s a touq e orf m iseneG s o f ht e rif st 18 retpahc s fo

sudoxE . lleW , ht e edom l eyarp r t-- his is the edom l uaceb s e it is rehw e J use s hcaet e s us ht e c o tcerraw y to arp y as artsnoc s et d to ht e ennam r of ht e ircopyh tes in the ganys o seug - i- s nuof d in M wehtta

1-9:6 3 na d kuL e 4-2:11 . So aht t we do on t h va e a cerid t lO d nematseT t uq ote orf m ht e edom l ;reyarprevewoh , ht e edom l eyarp r is rap t o f ht e egral r eS r om n on ht e nuoM t in of r lpmaxe e ehttaM w 5 dna

6 rehw e J use s i s ta t tpme ing to caet h t oh se id s elpic s hw o luow d ollof w iH m as to ltcaxe y ahw t oG d siekil . oY u hgim t mus m zira e cum h of ht e caet h ni gs of the Se omr n on the M uo nt as uO" r F ehta r hcihw

ra t in evaeH n", ahw t He is ekil . eednI d much of the l ife of Jesus and H is te ca hings aw s to make kn nwoahw t oG d aw s kil e, na d oh w He na d ht e ehtaF r rew e so ralimis . H" e aht t ah s ees n me ah s ees n eht

"rehtaF nhoJ( 1 .)9:4

III . oG d of ht e viL i gn , uo r ehtaF r in .nevaeH

1 . Ge sen is 81 : 1-21 4 a nd raM k 01 : .72

1( .) G do lot d aharbA m na d araS h aht t guoht h lo d na d rts i ekc n ni raey s eht y uow ld vah e a son, and ehw n araS h

ehgual d oG d dias , Is na y niht g ot o rah d of r ht e ROL D ?

)2( . useJ s in raM k 2:01 7 , on t in ht e mas e xetnoc t b ut tiw h a pa hpar r sa e of th e as m e me gnina , klat s of noitavlas

as la l ht i gn s ra e lbissop e tiw h oG d .

2 . Ge sen is 22 :18 na d aG l ta i na s 3 .61:

(1 ). A ll nat io sn will be b lessed with salvat ion through the seed of bA rah ma .

)2( . T ha t S ee d is s ni g lu a r, t he Se ed is Ch sir t .

3 . G ne esis 83 :8 na d raM k :21 1 .9

)1( . aduJ h lot d amO n to siar e up erdlihc n to his ehtorb r Er ohw m oG d ah d als i .n

2( .) ehW n ht e cuddaS ees rb o hgu t up the ettam r of ar ising hc i dl ren by a died orb t reh s w fi e na d as to w soh e iw fe

hs e luow d be in ht e erruser c noit , useJ s lot d eht m aht t w ah t wa s ropmi t na t aw s t ah t oG d w as ht e G od of ht e gnivil , ht e doG

of ht e il v ing Ab ar h ma , Is aa c, na d aJ c bo .

99

4 . Ex udo s :3 6 and Luke 02 : .73

(1 ) . God to ld Moses in the call a t the burn ing bush that He was the God fo Moses father, the God of bA rah ma ,

sI a ca , and Jacob.

( )2 . uobA t ht e aed d eb ing iar sed to l efi , useJ s uq o et s esoM s and udoxE s :3 6 oh w God is ht e oG d of maharbA , ht e

oG d o f Is caa , a dn ht e oG d of bocaJ ; na d with ht e isahpme s on oG d as ae ch mit e oG d with etaeper d with maharbA , caasI ,

na d aJ c bo .

5 . xE o ud s 9:16 na d namoR s 9 .71:

( )1 . oG d has oM ses et ll P arah oh aht t he ah s eeb n up t on ht e rht one of pygE t of r wt o re osa ns : a( ) T o de artsnom te

ht e ewop r of oG d in iruces ng ht e odeerf m of learsI ; na d (b) ahT t ht e an m e of ht e vil ing oG d na d ht e oG d of ht e vil i gn

hgim t be eralced d evo r all ht e htrae .

)2( . In q ou t ni g th at in R om na s :9 1 7 a nd in xe p inial n g t he m ea nin g in R om na s :9 1 ,6 1 8, Pa ul is t nille g us o f h ow G od is ni

ortnoc l of row ld stneve ; na d ahw t is i ropm t na t eod s on t neped d on ht e iw ll of am n or ht e epmoc t eneviti ss of nam , tub

ehtar r on ht e m cre y of doG , na d aht t tlu i letam y oG d liw l vah e crem y on ohw m He nola e .serised

6 . xE o ud s 12 4: 6 and oJ hn 91 : .63

(1). hT e P sa s vo er ef ast in re cnarbmem e of G do s er s uc e of I rs ael rf om tpygE ian bo dn age oma gn to her things

lcni u de d t ha t t he al m b o f t he fe sa t hs o lu d n ot ha ve a bo ne o f t he bo dy b or k ne , a rid e ct uq o te of w ih c h w e w li l es e al t er ni

.smlasP

( )2 . ehW n ht e A ltsop e hoJ n in hoJ n 3:91 6 let ls of oh w at ht e xificurC ion o f suseJ , na d si cn e useJ s aw s ydaerla

dead con trary to c ust mo , not a bone in iH s body was broken, John is quot ing from both Exodus and Psalms 34:20. (Psa lms

34 2: 0 is id r ec lt y uq o te d, an d t he er f er ne c e f or m Ex do u s 12 4: 6 is lc o es r to a pa ra ph ra ).es

7 . xE o ud s 16 1: 8 and II C ro i htn i na s 8 .51:

1( ) . uD ring doG s ppus ly of nam na rud ing ht e 40 raey s in ht e wi dl e enr ss, soht e hw o ag t ereh d cum h ah d n hto ing l fe t

evo r na d soht e hw o rehtag de li ltt e rew e not rgnuh y so aht t it aw s etelpmoc ly b y ht e carg e of G do na d cca o idr gn to ht e

dni i audiv l .sdeen

)2( . uaP l etouq s ht is in II roC i aihtn sn t o il l tartsu e auqe l ti y noma g rhC i aits sn i n ht e sehcruhc , or to il l tartsu e ht e

itarcomed c rutan e of .noitavlas

-5 5 : KRAM ‛S PA P .XIDNE

What we do in iht s ahc p et r is to ian l wod n mos e iatrec n na d s ru e nilediug es rf om ‛kraM s Ap idnep x otht e lbiB e as a diug e of r ht e ipar d us r ev y ht r guo h the lbiB e aht t liw l rats t tiw h ht e xen t pahc t re . nI fe f ce t therefore, hw at we ra e nod g is niwolla g useJ s na d Mark tiw( h ht e lfni u cne e of emaJ s na d )luaP

to diug e us guorht h ht e ser t of ht e elbiB . ihT s is ht e elluf st ninaem g of n“ o ircs p rut e is of na y pr etavietni r rp e noitat ” . It is not “private ” or exclusive when we allow suseJ , Pa lu , semaJ , na d raM k ot

pretni ret i t of r us; na d cnis e ht e S irc p erut s feb ore cae h ets p o f M ‛kra s pA p idne x liw l la so b e b eir f ylrus v deye , sediseb suseJ w e evah neves ni t sreterpre fo eht O dl Te emats n :t aM t eht w, luaP ni erbeH w ,s

001

uaP l in snamoR , kuL e na d P rete , na d raM k na d emaJ s. What etteb r aw y to duts y the lO d ,tnematseTna d in ceffe t ht e lohw e !elbiB

esaB d on ht e lbiB e craeser h of lbaT e -7 3 ahw t we liw l llacificeps y do is kat e no e pA p idne x er f ere n ecorf m raM k etfa r cae h of ht e ehto r s eve n ah ve dam e ht e rtni o noitcud : 1( ) An lO d nematseT t uQ o et

in wehttaM ; 2( ) ehttaM w na d useJ s‛ pretni r oitate n of the etouQ ; 3( ) uaP l in werbeH s o/dna r snamoRas he xe p nial s ht e uq ote or a solc el y etaler d etouq ; 4( ) eteP r on ht e mas e or a ralimis ; 5( ) kuL e a s eh

ofnier r ec s aht t dob y of hturt ; 6( ) emaJ s as he ecudortni s the pA p xidne ; na d eht n 7( ) raM k as eham kes ht e ppA e idn x . oF r maxe p el , f or m lbaT e -7 3 we kat e ht e srif t s eve n a s ohs wn eb low --

1 . eG n ise s 7: ,7 21 t o es t ht e t o en . 2 . ehttaM w 3:42 7 na d xetnoc t to in pret r et iseneG .s3 . Paul in oR m na s 4 , i n pa itr c lu ar :4 1 ,7 18 t o e lpx a ni . 4. kuL e 7-76:1 3 tiw( h Gen. 1 7:7 ) ot

nier f cro e . 5 . eteP r in I eteP r :3 6 as the oitcudortni n to ht e rei mecrofn e nt (w ti h seneG is 1:81 2 .)6. emaJ s 2:2 3 tiw( h neG . 61:51 ) na d emaJ s :3 9 tiw( h neG . 6:9 ) to ni t cudor e ht e A pp e .xidn7. nA d raM k 2:01 7 tiw( h neG . 41:81 ) na d raM k 1:21 9 ( tiw h neG . 8:83 ) to kam e ht e Ap dnep i .x

TAHT SI T YDUTS EH FO ELBIB EHT IT !FLES

6-5 : hT e sriF t neveS

1 . eneG sis .12,7:7

“ nA d oN ah did a rocc d gni otnu a ll aht t eht OL RD moc m na d de .mih dnA No ha w sa is x erdnuh dey ars lo d ehw n ht e oolf d of retaw s aw s opu n ht e htrae . nA d aoN h new t ni , na d ih s nos s, na d sih

efiw , dna sih ‛snos seviw w ti h mih , tni o the kra , suaceb e of ht e retaw s of ht e olf od. . . . nA d llahself eid d that evom d upon the htrae , tob h of f lwo , na d of tac t el , na d of eb a ts , na d of yreve

nipeerc g niht g that tepeerc h opu n the htrae , na d reve y nam : lA l in sohw e lirtson s aw s ht e htaerbof il fe, of la l that aw s in ht e rd y dnal , deid . ” eneG( sis 7: 6, 7, 21 , )22

2 . aM t eht w .73:42

“ uB t sa eht syad fo eoN ,erew os llahs al os eht moc i gn fo eht noS fo nam .eb of r as in ht e syadtaht rew e rofeb e ht e oolf d yeht erew gnitae dna knird i ,gn niyrram g na d vig ing in ram r egai , litnu

ht e ad y aht t Noe tne e er d tni o the kra . nA d enk w on t itnu l the olf od emac , na d took ht em lla;yawa os llahs osla t eh gnimoc of eht noS fo nam b ”.e wehttaM( 24 -73: 3 )9

ihT s tes s ht e enot , from useJ s flesmiH , on ht e if rst eS ven as ht e oolF d by etaw r is esu d as an e elpmaxof r ht e ceS ond oC m ni g o f Ch .tsir

3 . amoR n s ,71:4 1 .8

101

A(“ s it is nettirw , I vah e dam e eht e a htaf e r of nam y ,snoitan ) be of re ih m hw om he be eil v ,deeve n doG , hw o ekciuq n te h ht e daed , and tellac h esoht sgniht ihw ch eb ton sa hguoht t yeh .erewhW o tsniaga epoh deveileb in ,epoh taht eh thgim emoceb eht af t reh of nam y itan o sn ; occa r gnid

to taht ihw ch saw ,nekops oS llahs yeht dees ”.eb R( o nam s 71:4 , 81 ) We muj p drawrof s in yrotsihin iht s ets p orf m aoN h up to aharbA m 12 noitareneg s kuL( e )63-43:3 . cihW“ h aw s ht e os n fo

bocaJ , cihw h aw s ht e os n of Is caa , cihw h aw s ht e os n fo ,maharbA w hcih saw eht nos fo ,arahTcihw h aw s ht e os n of rohcaN , hcihW w sa eht nos fo ,hcuraS w hcih saw ht e so n of gaR au, hw i hcsaw ht e os n of hP a cel , cihw h aw s ht e os n of rebeH , cihw h aw s ht e os n of alaS , cihW h aw s eht

os n of naniaC , cihw h aw s ht e os n of daxahprA , cihw h aw s ht e os n of meS , cihw h aw s ht e os n foeoN , cihw h aw s th e so n of maL e .hc ..” ( kuL e 3 )63-43:

1 . haoN . 2 . eS m . 3 . xahprA ad . 4 . aC i nan . 5 . aS la . 6 . H ebe r .7 . hP a el c . 8 . Ra uag . 9 . aS r hcu . 10 . hcaN or . 11 . hT a ar . 21 . bA r ha a .m

OF UOC RSE AHW T IS OC M OM N IN LA L HT REE SI : TIAF H IN OG D AHT T HE AC N AND LLIWCA RR Y UO T HIS PLAN. HT E FA TI H OF A RB AHAM TO VEILEB E ‛DOG S SIMORP E AHT T HE DLUOW

EB HT E EHTAF R OF NAM Y SNOITAN ; HT E TIAF H OF AON H TO VEILEB E AS HT E RETAW S ESORTHAT OG D LUOW D AS Y IH M NA D IH S DLOHESUOH , DISEB E HT E TIAF H TO LIUB D HT E AR C

LIHW E REHTO S REW E SUB Y IW TH HT E AMRON L UOR NIT ES OF IL FE; AND HT E FA TI H FOSIRHC T SNAI OT DAY TO BE IL EVE IN THE SE OC ND C IMO NG OF TSIRHC , AS LEW L AS HT E S EMA

SIMORP E OF TIAF H TO BE ERDLIHC N OF AHARBA M AN D !HTIAF

4 . Luke 76:1 -7 3 na d neG e is s .7:71

nA“ I d lliw eeht ekam ideecxe ng tiurf f lu , na d I liw l kam e n noita s of thee, na d nik gs s ah ll emoc uo t of eeht . nA d I liw l ilbatse sh my voc e nan t wteb een me and eht e and ht y seed tfa er eht e ni

ieht r neg e noitar s of r an eve r nitsal g nevoc a tn , to be doG un ot ,eeht dna ot yht dees retfa .eehtdnA I w lli evig otnu ,eeht dna ot yht dees tfa er ht ee, th e al nd ehw r ie n t oh u ar a t s art n eg r, llaeht dnal fo C ,naana rof na gnitsalreve ;noissessop dna I lliw eb rieht oG d ”. siseneG( :71 6 )8-

SALREVE EHT T GNI TNANEVOC HCIHW EMAC EROFEB T TNANEVOC DLO EH FO EHT WAL DNAHT E EN W OC V NE ANT OF HT E NEW TE TS A EM N .T

T“ o p re f ro m th e em rcy simorp ed to uo r fa reht s, na d t o bmemer er ih s h lo y voc e tnan ; The htaohcihw eh eraws to ruo rehtaf aharbA m ”... ekuL( 7:1 2 )37,

EHTEHW R AHCAZ R AI S IS MORE CNOC E ENR D BA OUT THE PO SESS S OI N OF AANAC N AS NATSALREVE I GN AL DN OR HT E AS EP CT O F THE C EVO NANT OF R E RET NAL SA VL A OIT N IS N TO

INIFED TE; UB T EHT Y RA E CO TCENN ED IN T HE MAS E VE E SALR T NI G CO .TNANEV

5 . I Pe et r 3:6 and G sene is 81 : .21

201

evE“ n as aS ra yebo ed bA r maha , illac ng ih m drol : sohw e ethguad rs ye era , as nol g as ye do lew l, na d eraon t a f iar d tiw h any nemezama t.” (I teP er )6:3

oN“ w maharbA dna haraS rew e old na d lew l rts i ekc n in age; na d it saec ed to eb htiw haraS retfaht e ennam r of nemow . erehT f ro e araS h gual hed ihtiw n flesreh , sa gniy , etfA I r am exaw d o dlhs all I evah ,erusaelp my rol d nieb g lo d I...?osla s na y niht g ot o rah d of r ht e ?DROL ” G( e sisen

21,11:81 , )41I“ S ANY HT ING OT O H RA D OF R THE OL RD” OG D HT E FA EHT R?

6 . Ja em s 2 2: 3 na d :3 9 w( ith pser e tc i lev y neG . 1 :5 16 and 9 : .)6

nA“ d oG d sselb ed aoN h and ih s s sno , and ias d tnu o meht , Be tiurf f lu , na d ylpitlum , dna hsinelperht e trae h W.... h so o s teddeh h ‛nam s doolb , by am n lahs l ih s oolb d be dehs : of r in ht e gami e fo oG d dam e he nam .” ( eG nesis 9 1: ,6) “ nA d he s ia d u tn o rbA a ah m, wonK fo a yterus taht yht deeshs all be a st nar ger in a al nd aht t is not ht e ‛ri s, and hs all se vr e meht ; na d they s lah l tcilffa t mehuof r derdnuh ;sraey And osla taht n ,noita mohw yeht llahs es r ev , liw l I egduj : na d drawretfa

hs all yeht emoc out htiw taerg su .ecnatsb And uoht tlahs og to ht y taf h re s in pe eca ; oht u s tlahbe eirub d in a oog d lo d ega . uB t in ht e truof h ge oitaren n eht y sh la l moc e ehtih r niaga : of r eht

tiuqini y fo eht A etirom s i s on t ey t f I...llu n the mas e ad y ht e ROL D am e a nevoc ant htiw,maharbA ,gniyas U otn yht dees evah I nevig siht rf ,dnal o eht m fo revir u tpygE n ot eht taerg

vir er, th e ir ver E hpu r eta s .. .” G( e en sis 51 : )81,61-31

nA“ d ht e cs r rutpi e aw s luf f elli d cihw h sa hti , rbA a ah m ileb e ev d doG , and it aw s tupmi ed tnu o mihof r gir h oet u ns e ss : na d he aw s llac ed ht e irF end of Go .d ” ( maJ es )32:2

eht“ r tiwe h selb s we doG , eve n ht e rehtaF ; dna iwereht th esruc we nem , cihw h ra e dam e etfa r ehtlimis i dut e of doG .” J( a em s 3: )9

aelC rly w e have in iht s txis h s et p eit d ot g ehte r the erp v uoi s lO d nematseT t h rotsi y of aoN h dnabA r aha m tiw h cum h hto er lO d nematseT t ih s ot ry, and ah ve la so gone b ca k to ht e Cr tae io n iw th namam de i n the mi age o f Go .d

7 . Mark 10 2: 7 na d 21 :19 (G sene is 83 : .)8

nA“ d aduJ h s ia d tnu o anO n, Go i n tnu o ht y htorb e ‛r s fiw e, na d ram ry eh r, na d ra si e up es ed otht y b tor h re .” G( en. 83 : )8

nA“ d suseJ kool i gn nopu meht ias t ,h htiW m ne it is elbissopmi , ub t on t tiw h doG ; of r tiw h oG d llaniht gs ar e po ss i elb .” (M ra k 01 : )72

301

retsaM“ , sesoM etorw otnu ,su If a nam ‛ s br to her id e, and leav e his w fi e eb h ni d h mi , dna evaelno dlihc r ne , aht t ih s torb her s luoh d t ka e ih s fiw e, na d ra si e up es ed tnu o ih s br rehto . nA... d suseJ

wsna e nir g ias d tnu o eht , Do ye on t eht r rofe e err, esuaceb ye onk w on t ht e serutpircs , ne ehti r ehtrewop of doG ? oF r ehw n ht ey hs all sir e f or m ht e de da , ht ey htien er rram y, on r are ig ven ni

;egairram tub era sa eht slegna hw i hc era ni .nevaeh dnA sa nihcuot g ht e ,daed taht t yeh :esirevah ey ton daer ni t eh koob fo ,sesoM woh in eht hsub doG ekaps otnu ih m, ,gniyas I am ht e doG

of A rb a ah m, na d the oG d of Is caa , na d the oG d of aJ c bo ? He is not ht e oG d of ht e d dae , tubeht doG fo t eh :gnivil ey erofereht od taerg ly ”.rre kraM( :21 1 42,9 - )72

IS AHT A T OOG D NEPPA DIX ON LA L SEHT E UOIVERP S ERUTPIRCS S RF OM HT E LO D NA D EHTEN W STNEMATSET : HT AT OG D IS HT E OG D OF AB AR HAM AND N AO H; HT AT OG D IS HT E DOG

OF HT OSE HW O VIL E THGIR ;WON DNA TAHT TLA H HGUO DEES DNA YAM SEVITALER EBROPMI T NA T REH E ON TRAE H IN HT E FIL E TO EMOC , LA L RA E KIL E HT E A N .SLEG

7-5 : hT e noceS d neveS

As tiw h ht e srif t neves , oy u ac n ool k in ht e idneppA x to es e rehw e ht e niwollof g r cnerefe esmoc e .morf eW evresbo aht t we do on t vah e a refer e cn e orf m Pe et r in ht is oces nd eires s, na d desab

on ht e is x, we liw l f ni d a se ev nth f or m teP er, e ti her in ,I II Pe et r or as eteP r kops e in ht e oob k fo .stcA

1 . oxE dus 20 1: 3 1, 4.

T“ hou sh la t no t llik , T oh u s lah t no t immoc t tluda e yr .” (E udox s )41,31:02

2 . Ma htt ew 5 2: 1 2, 7.

y“ e ah ve h e ra d that i t was aid by them of lo d mit e, Thou sh la t not llik ; and ohw e ev r hs all llik hs all be in nad ger of ht e mgduj e tn : uB t I say tnu o y uo , ahT t eveohw r is rgna y htiw sih rb o reht

uohtiw t a suac e lahs l be in gnad er of ht e tnemgduj : na d reveosohw llahs yas ot sih b ,rehtor ,acaRhs all be in nad ger of ht e licnuoc : ub t reveosohw llahs ,yas uohT oof t, llahs eb ni d regna of h llerif e .. . Y. e evah aeh rd aht t it aw s ias d by eht m of lo d emit , Thou hs alt on t immoc t retluda y: tuB

I as y nu to uoy , T ah t ohw e ev r ol o tek h on a amow n to sul t etfa r eh r hath ettimmoc d uda l ret y htiwreh erla ady in ih s h trae . nA d fi yht thgir eye dneffo t ,eeh kculp ti ,tuo dna c tsa ti morf t :eeh

of r ti si batiforp le rof eeht aht t no e of thy bmem ers s luoh d p ire sh, and on t t ah t t eh y lohw e ydobhs o lu d be cast into he .ll ” ( ttaM hew 12:5 , 22 , )92-72

3 . Ro am ns 31 : .9.8

401

wO“ e no am n na y gniht , but to vol e no e ehtona r: of r he aht t vol eth ehtona r tah h f elliflu d ehtwal . oF r siht , ohT u s lah t on t moc mit yretluda , ohT u lahs t on t llik , ohT u lahs t on t laets , uohThs alt on t aeb r slaf e entiw ss, ohT u lahs t on t tevoc ; na d if reht e be na y ehto r c o tnemdnamm , ti

is lfeirb y edneherpmoc d in iht s sa gniy , yleman , ohT u hs alt vol e ht y n gie h ruob sa .flesyht evoLtekrow h no li l to ih s ruobhgien : reht e rof e vol e is ht e nillifluf g of ht e wal . nA d taht , niwonk g eht

emit , ht at on w i t is gih h mit e to ekawa tuo fo sl :pee rof won si ruo tavlas i no reraen naht nehww e be eil v .de ” moR( ans 31 : )11-8

4 . uL ke 81 : .02

ohT“ u sewonk t the tnemdnammoc s, Do on t co imm t yretluda , Do of llik , Do on t laets , Do on t erabeslaf ,ssentiw ruonoH yht rehtaf dna yht N...rehtom ow nehw suseJ draeh t eseh ,sgniht he sa di

tnu o ,mih teY sekcal t oht u no e gniht : les l la l aht t oht u tsah , and tubirtsid e tnu o ht e roop , dnaoht u s lah t h va e ert a rus e in he va en: an d moc e, fo oll w em .” (L ku e 81 : )22,02

5 . Ja em s 2 .11:

oF“ r eveosohw r s lah l eek p ht e lohw e wal , na d ey t fo f ne d in no e tniop , he is g tliu y o f lla . oF r ehaht t dias , Do on t immoc t yretluda , ias d osla , D o on t llik . oN w fi uoht co timm on luda t ,yre tey

if thou llik , oht u ar t be moc e a art n gs r se sor of ht e l .wa ” J( a em s 2: )11,01James on the respect of persons as a violation of the l .wa

6 . Mark 14 2: 4.

nA“ d esoM s oot k ht e lb o do , na d s elknirp d i t on ht e elpoep , and dias , loheB d ht e oolb d of eht,tnanevoc hw i hc eht OL RD htah edam w hti uoy c gninrecno all eseht ”.sdrow xE( o sud 24 )8:

nA“ d he J( e sus ) ias d tnu o th me , ihT s is my oolb d of ht e new matset e tn , cihw h is dehs rof ”.ynamM( ark )42:41

HCIHW AW S ROM E TNATROPMI , HT E OW R SD , HT E OOLB D OR HT E NEVOC A TN . HT E OOLB D NIHT E NANEVOC T AW S ROM E OPMI R TNAT ! ahW t hs o lu d be da d from Peter? ahT t dneped s no

ahw t ht e o rev la l mi p er s is on is aht t we get from the re nida g of ht is s oce nd se ev n; na d s ru ely th taoverall impression i s of how d ifficult it i s to live up to the total de am nds of God in the la !w

7 . I Pe et r 1: -81 2 .1

F“ o ar s cum h as ye onk w ht e ye erew ton demeeder htiw c bitpurro le ,sgniht as evlis r and dlog , morfuoy r av in noc v re s oita n cer e vi ed by oitidart n orf m uoy r srehtaf ; uB t tiw h ht e uoicerp s oolb d fo

501

,tsirhC sa fo a bmal w tuohti b hsimel dna :tops tuohtiw ohW ylirev w sa deniadroerof rofeb e ehttadnuof i no fo eht row l ,d tub w sa tsefinam ni eseht tsal semit rof .uoy W oh yb mih do eveileb

in doG , taht desiar mih pu morf eht aed d, dna evig ih m yrolg ; aht t uoy r tiaf h and poh e hgim t ebni oG d ”.

8-5 : hT e rihT d neveS

nA d if we ool k at t soh e s eve n yllacipot , in et rms of the ramirp y s cejbu t rettam , ht e t acipo l eniltuo luow d eb : nomreS Su :tcejb I“ Am”; oS uoY erA ot eB

1 . “I am ht e L RO D uoy r doG : you s h la l er s cep t my man e na d l vo e uoy r ien g obh r ”.2. useJ s ,thguat t‛noD“ m eka uh m na ao t sh yb yna t ,gnih sa uoy evah on lortnoc revo esoht

!”sgniht

o f oG d.3. cniS e vol e ac n row k no ill to uoy r robhgien , vol e i s the luf f nilli g o f la l the universal la sw

4 . B“ e y e loh y; of r I am oh l .”y5 . Je us s alpxe i sn , “Who is my ien g obh r ”?6. hT e ltsopA e hoJ n nialpxe s aht t auqe l cepser t of la l nosrep s is ht e nillifluf g of ht e la .w

7. ahW t is lufwal“ ” in ht e hgis t of doG , ht e asrevinu l al w by w cih h we ra e etamitlu ly gduj e .dNA D AHT T LIW L AERP C !H

ETON S OF R SNOMRES : Even a s nam y lat k uoba t ht e lbiB e in th ie r es r nmo s htar e r aht n lat k ,elbiB na d neve sa doog ob o sk no imoh l scite em sisahp sa did calB k roow d i n NIHCAERP G HT E ELBIB , ehtid f ref e cn e eewteb n ta nikl g uoba t ht e lbiB e na d a llautc y nihcaerp g ht e elbiB , reh e is a ohtem d fo

limoh e cit s aht t liw l tob h etnaraug e nihcaerp g ht e lbiB e flesti ; na d then etnaraug e a metsys revoc a egof ht e f wol , ht e 7 es r nom s of s eve n iop nts cae h of r lpmaxe e go f or m eG n ise s to Jo uhs a in ht e dlO

tnematseT , na d r fe l ce t t ah t t po i ac l us b cej t in the six r fe e er n ec s to f llo ow. That is lbiB e ht e aw y ehtloH y iripS t etaerc d it in ht e !elbiB

ehtaR r aht n co unitn e iht s rp o sec s, poc y ni g the cS r utpi res cihw h oy u ac n aer d in the lbiB e ti s fle , dnanidda g so nam y ap ges to this dutS y ediuG , we liw l kam e a lbaT e as hs own in lbaT e 8-1 cihw h s woh s ae ch

of the eS v ne s in ro sw . And it is esab d on the of l niwol g s oitce n on Le citiv us from ht e Ap dnep i .x

nA d we ra e f utro n ta e on iht s es ven in aht t s temo h ni g h ppa ens cihw h is s odle m s ee n on ht ese dlOnematseT t noitatouq s in aht t tob h P ua l na d emaJ s touq e f or m ht e s ma e srev es in citiveL u ,s sucitiveL

81:91 , na d as od es Mat eht w . So aht t ht e riht d se ev n emoceb s : 1( ) L ucitive s 1 81,21:9 ; 2( ) wehttaM34,33:5 ; 3( ) namoR s 9,8:31 ; (4) I P ete r 61:1 ; (5) L uke 72,62:01 ; 6( ) emaJ s 8:2 ; na d (7) aM rk .81:6

601

9-5 : truoF h eS v ne

So aht t ht e f truo h s eve n emoceb s: 1( ) N ebmu r 9,8:12 ; ( 2) taM t eh w t( o be fo nu d ab sed on J ho n 3: ;413( ) uaP l (to be f nuo d ab sed on J du e 11 ); 4( ) eteP r t( o be fo nu d ab sed on L ku e 6:1 7 )37- ; 5( ) uL ke

37-76:1 ; 6( ) emaJ s t( o be nuof d ab sed on )kraM ; na d (7) raM k t( o be nuof d ab sed on ht e p ellara l htiwhoJ n 3 1: 4 na d kuL e :1 6 7-7 3.

hT e nomraH y of etpahc r 4 liw l be esu d to find from oJ hn 1:3 4 na d kuL e 1 7-76: 3 eht viuqe a stnel :foaM t eht w na d raM k . jbuS ec t aM tt . hoJ n ekuL

.I lepsoG ruoS c .se 1:1 -4II . hC r si t as ht e W .dro 1:1 - 81

III . Je ‛sus s eigolaeneG s. 1:1 - 71 83-32:3VI . triB h na d oohdlihC d 81:1 - 32:2 -5:1 2 25: /tsitpaB ehT( J )suse

V. hoJ n the paB t tsi . 1-1:3 2 2-1:2 ; 1-3:3 8 t( his ivid s oi n is oc r etaler d tiw h kraM)8-1:1

.IV s‛tsirhC siniM t .yr -31:3 4 21: :1 1 :4-9 45 1:3 9 31:4- M( a kr -9:1 1 )4 .IIV aG l eeli Mi .yrtsin :4 1 :41-3 12 :4 4 :5-6 47 1:4 4 9:9- M( a kr 1:1 4 4:5- 3) .IIIV arT i gnin Tw .evle :41 1 :81-3 35 -1:6 7 01: 9: 65-01 M( a kr :6 4 :9-4 3 )7

.XI duJ ean Mi tsin ry . 11:7 - 3:01 9 1:01 - 2:31 1 non( e on raM k-- eod s ht i s mean semaJwas ton ereht ?)

.X naereP niM i .yrts -1:91 2 43:0 4:01 0 45:11- :31 2 :91-2 28 kraM( 1 5-1:0 2) .IX buP tsaL l .ci 2-1:12 3 93: 11 1-55: 2 05: 1 2:9 9 4:12- M( a kr 1-1:11 2 )44: .IIX ahS ehT d .wo 42 : 2-52 6 64: 1 1-2:2 8 1: :12 5 :22- 46 kraM( 1 1-1:3 4 )24:IIIX . Ar er s -t B lairu . 74:62 - 6:72 6 2:81 - 4:91 2 74:22 - 5:32 6 aM( rk 34:41 - 74:51

VIX . useR r itcer on na d :82 1 2- 0 20 2-2: 1 1:42 -5 3 As snec i no . aM( rk 1:61 - )02

hoJ n 1:3 4 is in ht e ‛tsirhC“ s rtsiniM y snigeB ” of IV ; na d rroc e etal s tiw h ehttaM w 1:3 3 to 21:4 , sla o htiwkraM 1: .41-9 niS ce 1 ekuL : 37-76 semoc ofeb r ,e dna ew ha ev ekool d at it in a rp e oiv us se nev , we lliwegrof t oba ut i t a t ht is niop t.

2 . Ma htt ew (?) sab ed o n J ho n 3: .41

nA“ d as esoM s etfil d up ht e pres ent in ht e liw d ,ssenre neve os tsum eht noS fo nam be detfil ;puhT at ohw s eo ver be eil v te h in ih m s luoh d no t pe sir h, ub t h va e te e anr l fil e.” ( hoJ n )51,41:3

cniS e ht e ltsopA e hoJ n is ht e lno y of ht e of ur psoG el retirw s to dulcni e t ih s ugolaid e eewteb n suseJna d sumedociN , in tips e of ht e oitalerroc n above o n the period of the beginning of Christ‛s ministry ew

will not if nd a d eri ct qe u avi l ne t i n ht e f i sr t et a ihc ngs o f seJ u .s

701

hT e lc o es s t ap r ella l is httaM ew :71-41:4

tahT“ it hgim t be llifluf ed cihw h aw s s ekop n by iasE as ht e p hpor et, iyas ng, hT e nal d of Za ,nolubna d ht e nal d of eN p milahth , by ht e aw y of ht e sea, noyeb d nadroJ , elilaG e of ht e selitneG ; ehTep o lp e cihw h sat in nkrad ess saw rg eat thgil ; na d to ht em cihw h as t in ht e re oig n na d odahs w fo

taed h hgil t is nurps g pu . F or m ht ta t mi e useJ s ageb n to p hcaer , na d to yas , tnepeR : of r ehtmodgnik fo nevaeh si ta ”.dnah wehttaM( 41:4 - )71

ihT s seod evah a cerid t nelaviuqe t in raM k of raM k 1:1 4 sla( o in kuL e o f kuL e 1,41:4 5 ub t we liw l eesla l erht e al ter o n sI a ai h 9 1: ,2 and 4 2 6: , .7

3 . uaP l ?( ) to be esab d on duJ e .11

ihT s liw l be sae y for as we aer d ht e oob k o f J edu , it is ob uoiv s orf m ob th the row d ni g na d the c raelnemetats t aht t the Ap ltso e duJ e ah s esab d ahw t he torw e on tiaf“ h gnidnetnoc ” on ahw t ht e rehto

ltsopA es ah d p r oive u ls y w tir t --ne

tuB“ , ,devoleb emer m reb ey eht sdrow hw i hc erew nekops erofeb fo eht tsopa l se of uo r L ro d eJ s sutsirhC ; oH w taht yeht ot ld uoy ereht uohs ld eb om c srek ni eht tsal t ,emi ohw dluohs klaw retfa

ieht r nwo ognu d yl .stsul sehT e be they hw o pes a tar e vlesmeht es, nes s lau , nivah g on t eht ”.tiripSeduJ( 17 )91-

oW“ e tnu o meht ! for eht y h va e nog e in ht e aw y of C nia , na d ar n lideerg y etfa r ht e orre r of aalaB m rofwer a ,dr dna dehsirep ni eht ga iyasni ng fo ”.eroC eduJ( 11)

erehW luaP edam eht elc a tser etats m tne ba o tu eseht mo ,srekc cihw h he ellac d eirg“ v uo s ”sevlow , iscer o edr d i n cA ts 02 : 92 ,30 a t ht e M eli tus Pa rots ‛s refnoC e --ecn

oF“ r I onk w siht , aht t etfa r my nitraped g lahs l uoveirg s evlow s etne r in noma g uoy , on t niraps g ehtkcolf . slA o of uoy r wo n evles s lahs l em n ira se, nikaeps g rep v sre e th sgni , to ard w away elpicsid s retfa

”.meht stcA( 2 2:0 9 )03,4 . eP ter o n Mark 1: 41 , .51

oN“ w retfa taht nhoJ w sa tup ni ,nosirp suseJ c ema otni G ,eelila erp a nihc g ht e psog el of ehtodgnik m fo ,doG A dn ,gniyas ehT it me si lifluf l ,de dna eht ki modgn fo G do si ta nah d: tneper ,ey

na d be eil ve ht e og s lep .” (M ra k 1: )51,41

nehT“ reteP dias otnu ,meht epeR nt, na d be b itpa zed ve ery no e of oy u in ht e man e of eJ s sutsirhC rof eht noissimer fo is n ,s dna ey llahs eviecer ht e fig t of ht e H lo y ( ipS r )ti .” cA( ts )83:2

801

6 . maJ es on raM k 1: 51,41 . (A tc s 51 : )81-51

01-5 : fiF ht neveS

rehT e ra e no q tou es f or m eD u et r no omy f or m emaJ s or I,I I teP er, but we s su p ce t t ah t at sael t retePetouq d orf m tueD e nor om y in A stc . ednI ed rf om lbaT e -7 3 we ton e ht e resni t orf m tcA s rehw e eht

ltsopA e teP er aerp c eh d a uob t esoM s and t he hporP et sseM iah cA( ts :3 2 ,2 2 .)31 . ueD t nore omy 18 1: 5 1, 9 . 2 . Ma htt ew 1 :8 16 a( nd eD ut 91 : )51 . 3 . uaP l on the eq laviu ent o f cA st

:3 2 ,2 2 .3 4 . eP ter i n Acts 3: 22 , 32 . 5 . uL ke 20 2: 8 3, 8. 6. emaJ s on ht e nelaviuqe t of stcA:3 2 ,2 2 .3 7 . aM rk 42:2 , 4:01 , or 21 : .91

11-5 : txiS h Se nev

uohtiW t nieb g vo e lr y ecnoc r en d ba out tehw her the neP t cueta h or Job aw s ht e rif st oob k of the iB b elt o be rw i ett n, w e w li l cni l du e Job at iht s op i tn . S o t ah t the xis th eves n b oce m -se - 1 . oJ b 1:21.

2 . Ma htt ew o n qe u avi l ne t of raM k 01 : 72 . 3 . uaP l o n emaJ s 11,01:5 . H( e werb s 1 )53:1 .4 reteP no Ma kr :01 2 .7 kraM( 10 -82: 3 )1 5 . kuL e on elaviuqe nt of M ra k 2:01 7.

6. aJ mes 5: 01 , 11 . 7. Mark 10:27. If we ool k cab k on uo r nomraH y of ht e slepsoG , ehtuqe i lav ent o f Mark 10 2: 7 i n Ma htt ew and L uke w luo d --eb

jbuS ec t aM tt . hoJ n ekuL.X reP ean niM i rts y. :91 1 3:02- 4 1 1-04:0 1 5: 4 22:31 - 2:91 8 M( ark 1 1:0 - 25 ) Or raM k 2:01 7 tiw h wehttaM

2:91 6 na d L ku e .72:81

21-5 : ehT htneveS neveS

soJ h :2 1 aJ m 52:2

dnA : Which is a peculiar place hw ere we vah e to curtsnoc t ht e eves n esab d on Jo uhs a :2 1 na d 51-31:5tiw h ylno Ja sem :2 25 dna stcA :7 33 morf eht l tsa w sdro fo .nehpetS gnioD so, ht e s tneve h nevesceb o --sem

1 . hsoJ ua 5: 1-31 5 hw ere hsoJ ua ne c nuo t re s “the ca atp in o f ht e OL R ‛D s soh t .”

2. ehttaM w orf m na y er f ere nce t o J so hua i n aM t weht , or na y re ref e cn e to doxE us 5,4:3in taM t weh . An d si cn e t eh re are no en ; the o ln y aw y to make co catn t tiw h the G so p le s eh r e is by yawof ht e soG pel cihw h hpetS en sla o pr ehcae d i n tcA s -7 - A tc s 5:7 2 tiw h taM t eh w 3-43:32 6 na d ekuL

02 : 1-9 5.

901

3. uaP l on soJ hua in na y of his 14 rettel s. (H werbe s -13,03:11 - ht e oces nd rev se etaler s otuhsoJ a :2 1 dna Ja sem :2 2 )5 erbeH ws 3:11 0 13, a osl taler es to soJ hua 2,21:6 0 and oJ s uh a 32:6 ; 2: .52

slA( o cA ts 71 : .)42

.4 reteP no Ma ehtt w, ,kraM ro .ekuL stcA( 2: a 32 nd 4 stcA : ,52 2 )7

5 . uL ke 20 -9: 1 .5

6 . Ja em s 2 2: 5.

wo lu d --eb7. raM k esab d on tnelaviuqe s of ehttaM w 3-43:32 6 na d kuL e :02 9 51- . In ht e nomraH y siht

nA d s icep f llaci y moc es to raM k :21 3 .04-8

‛REDAER S :SETON

011

retpahC 6 : hT e epsoG l denialpxE : uaP l in He werb s dnasnamoR

Hebr we s na d Ro nam s ra e as s ru ely as cum h ht e oG s lep , ht e oG s ep l nidrocca g to uaP l as eraMatthew, nhoJ , ekuL , na d kraM . eH b wer s nieb g ‛luaP s nigiro al oG s ep l ad sserd ot eht weJ hsiys nag eugo s is ht e epsoG l llaicepse y to ht e sweJ , na d R namo s is ht e ednapxe d epsoG l oisrev n fo

Hebr we s to eht neG t .seli oY u vah e lsuoiverp y eton d aht t ihw le mlasP s etouq s tanimod e ht e oob k foerbeH w ,s ht e etouq s orf m aiasI h tanimod e aht t of amoR ns. (It sh luo d be ad ed d t ah t rofeb e uaP l morfsirpmi o nemn t in amoR n ilbup s eh d swerbeH , he dam e trec ain noitidda s of r ht e naitsirhC s to ohw m it saw).tnes

7-1 : eH rb we s and Psalms

laceR l aht t ehw n aP ul as t wod n at usraT s nirud g ht e eves n nelis t raey s to tirw e a nemhcrap t as a sisabof r ih s f rutu e serdda ses to ht e J siwe h s gany o eug s, he had at ih s sid p laso : 1( ) hT e lO d Te emats nt; )2(

The Gospel of Matth we ; 3( ) itseT m seino ot suseJ morf reteP dna semaJ at asureJ l me w hcih eh al osedrocer d no hcrap m ;stne and )4( tceriD talever i sno morf eht necsA d de Ch sir t cihw h he iecer ved ni

aS udi rA a ib a.

“ uB t ehw n it esaelp d doG , hw o es p etara d me orf m my s‛rehtom w ,bmo dna dellac em yb sih ,ecargTo ver eal ih s oS n in em , aht t I hgim t caerp h ih m noma g ht e he ta h )selitneG( , letaidemmi I y

derrefnoc on t tiw h lf esh na d lb o do ; tieN her new t I up to melasureJ ot meht w hcih erew seltsoparofeb e em ; ub t I ew nt otni arA b ,ai dna ruter n de niaga otnu .sucsamaD nehT etfa r erht e sraey

I tnew pu ot J melasure ot ees ,reteP dna ab edo htiw him neetfif .syad tuB rehto fo eht tsopa l sewas I ,enon devas aJ m se eht s‛droL orb t ”.reh snaitalaG( 1 -61: 1 )9

It luohs d be uoivbo s aht t ehw n at usraT s uaP l dam e nemhcrap ts to cer ord ht e som t er v nelle t dlOnematseT t setouq ot eb dedrocer ni sih 41 atseT weN m tne el t sret dna no eht hcrap m stne taht eh tfel

of r rD . kuL e na d hoJ n kraM , aht t on ht e nemhcrap t of r ht e nitirw g of werbeH s was a cnerefed e to ehtoob k of asP l sm . orF m a p uoiver s lbat e we kat e ht e etouq s rf om mlasP s i n He werb s as hs own i n elbaT1-6 . A ool k at lbaT e -6 1 liw l tartsulli e aht t reht e ra e 15 cerid t noitatouq s orf m Ps smla , na d taht

eseht 15 cerid t noitatouq s ra e retni s rep sed uorht g uoh t ht e b oo k of H swerbe , itrats ng iw th Hebre sw1:5 and running all the way to Hebrew s 01 :5 . laceR l aht t seht e 15 etouq s ednu r ht e oitcerid n of eht

ednecsA d Ch ir st in Ar iba a and the as is s cnat e of ht e oH ly Sp ri it in aT r us s ow uld be hw at doGeredisnoc d SOM T im natrop t of r ht e weJ s to aeh r uoba t ht e epsoG l of !tsirhC

111

1 . P mlas s :2 7 na d H e werb s 1 .5:

I“ lliw eralced eht d :eerce eht DROL ah th dias otnu m ,e uohT tra ym So ,n siht yad evah Inettogeb ”.eeht lasP( ms )7:2

)1( . hT e ROL D oG d ht e ehtaF r ias d t o ht e roL d eJ sus hC r tsi , oY“ u ra e my noS , t his yadvah e I eb g etto n uoy .”

2( ) It is ht e iripS t of Ch sir t aht t is nikaeps g reh e uorht gh ht e Pr ehpo t D diva , ehtona r esacof ht e lbuod e or rom e ninaem g of lO d nematseT t pr eicehpo s. It is iht s s ma e iripS t of hC r si t sp gnikae

orht ugh ht e Old T tse a nem t ehporP ts aht t ht e sopA tle Pe et r w tir es o f i I n P ete r 1 1: 0 --11,

O“ f cihw h s vla a oit n the pr po h te s ah ve ni q riu ed na d s ae r ehc d di gil e yltn , who ehporp s ei d of ehtrg ace aht t luohs d moc e tnu o uoy ; nihcraeS g tahw , o r ahw t ennam r of emit eht ripS i fo t tsirhC

cihw h aw s in them id d ingis fy ehw n it eifitset d erofeb h na d ht e nireffus gs of tsirhC , na d ht e yrolgtaht dluohs ollof w ”. I( reteP 1:1 0 )11,

.)3( hT e yad“ ” aht t ht e taF he r ogeb t useJ s as iH s Son am y rof e ev r re iam n a retsym y otus lihw e lits l on iht s htrae ; of r aht t ad y sum t be ew ll rofeb e ht e ninnigeb g of ht e inu v sre e ehw n C ,tsirhht e Wo dr , d lew t tiw h oG d and ht r uo gh la l ht i gn s rew e edam , na d b fe ore t he a autc l bab e of eJ sus sawalp ced in ht e w mo b o f raM y b y ht e op wer o f ht e loH y iripS t.

ieB“ ng dam e so cum h etteb r aht n ht e legna s, as he tah h by hni e cnatir e o eniatb d a rom e cxe e tnelleman naht yeht . oF r tnu o cihw h o f the gna els ias d he at any emit , T hou ra t my Son, siht yadevah I eb g tto en ht ee ? nA d a niag , I iw ll be to ih m a F hta er, and he hs all be t o me a S ”?no

swerbeH( ,4:1 5, smlasP :2 7, dna II aS m leu :7 1 )4

aT ble 6 1- : sP a ml s i n beH rew .serbeH w lasP m s erbeH w lasP ms

1 9 9 . :3 7 11-7:59 2 2 . :1 7 :401 4 1 0 01 . 1:3 5 59 7: ,8

3 .3 8:1 9,8:401 11 .11 7:48,7:59

4 .4 7,6:54 21 .21 5:57:2

5 5 . 1:1 0 2-52:201 8 1 3 31 . :5 6 110:4

6 6 . 1:1 3 :011 1 41

211

7 .7 6:2 6-4:8 51 5:018-6:04

8 .8 21:2 22:2251 .51 5:01 8-6:04

As p ufrewo l na d as etcepser d as ra e slegna , ht e ewop r na d cepser t of r ht e man e of useJ s as ht e noSo f oG d i s um ch erg a .ret

2 . sP a ml s 1 40 :4 and eH b er ws :1 7.

sselB“ ht e L DRO , O my luos , O roL d my doG , ht ou ra t very rg e ta ; oht u ra t lc o eht d tiw h h ruonona d .ytsejam ohW c tserevo flesyht htiw l thgi sa htiw a rag m ;tne ohw terts c tseih uo t ht e h vae e snkil e a niatruc : hw o teyal h ht e maeb s of ih s rebmahc s in ht e retaw s; hw o kam eth ht e duolc s sih

toirahc ; hw o teklaw h opu n ht e gniw s of ht e dniw : hW o tekam h his gna els ps i stir , his etsinim r alf a nim g ;erif ohW dial eht tadnuof i sno fo eht ,htrae taht ti dluohs ton eb devomer rof ve er.”P( s mla s 01 4 )5-1:

TO TAICERPPA E MOS E OF HT E SENTAERG S OF HT E ROL D USEJ S TSIRHC , WE SUM T EESOS M HTE ING OF HT E G AER T SEN S OF OG D HT E AF T --REH

.)1( hT e ROL D oG d ht e ehtaF r is ehtolc d as iH s ev ry arahc c et r tiw h noh“ our na d am j tse y .”

.)2( So visnetxe e na d uoiretsym s in nidnatsrednu g is ht e ehtaF r aht t it is as if iH s v yrelc o iht ng i s ht e l hgi t t ah t pe emr a et s ht e hw ole un .esrevi

.)3( hT e eh a ev ns of s rat s na d p al nets noyeb d ht e trae h ra e a niatruc , or ab c pordk , rofvaeh en w reh e the aF t eh r and ht e oS n dw le l.

)4( . eH a ev n ex net ds orf m the c u atr in i n the sav t vinu e sr e t o the w ta ers o n ht e rae t .h)5( . God i n he eva n wa kl s on ht e w gni s o f the w dni , am k ni g the c l duo s His hc a .toir.)6( hT e legna s as ht e retsinim s of oG d in evaeh n ra e tirips s na d nimalf g tneipicer s of tsav

op w .sre

rae t .h.)7( doG eht Fa reht hguorht Je sus eht ,noS eht ,droW nhoJ( ,)1 ial d ht e noitadnuof s of eht

.)8( Wh li e the old ae rth liw l be made new, ht is f uo n itad o an l trae h liw l rus v vi e fo rever . tI(si eht afrus ce fo eht rae th taht w lli eb musnoc ed w ).erif hti

nA“ d niaga , ehw n he gnirb eth in ht e f sri t eb g tto en tni o ht e w dlro , he s tia h, nA d let la l the an slegof oG d ihsrow p mih . nA d of ht e legna s he htias , hW o tekam h ih s gna els stirips , na d ih s etsinim rsa emalf fo .erif tuB otnu t eh noS eh ,htias yhT ,enorht O ,doG si rof reve dna ;reve a retpecsfo ssensuoethgir si eht retpecs fo yht k odgni m ”. swerbeH( 6:1 - )8

311

ht e w lro d..)1( useJ s as ht e W ro d aw s ht e if“ r ttogebts en” of oG d ht e ehtaF r b rofe e He aw s nes t otni

2( ) . eY t ht e aF t eh r id d say a t t ah t niop t ehw n He hguorb t useJ s tni o ht e lrow d aht t ehtlegna s of oG d hw ich mi in s et red on ae rth as lew l as in evaeh n luohs d ihsrow p ht e oS n eve n as ht e htaF er

is srow h pi p de . oY u note how ht ey id d ht is be of re the s eh p eh rds at eht htrib fo Je sus ekuL( 2: 1,31 4 .)nA“ d s neddu ly ht ere was tiw h ht e a gn e ‛l s a mult duti e of the eh a lnev y h so t pr nisia g doG , dna

,gniyas yrolG to doG in eht ,tsehgih dna no htrae ,ecaep doog wi ll ot w dra ”.nem kuL( e )41,31:2ETON : oslA eton taht ihw le luaP uow ld evah se silbat hed in werbeH s iht s ihsrow p o f ht e legna s fo

useJ s as a f tca , it luow d be rD . kuL e al ter hw o uow ld obale r ta e on it in t mre s of ahw t ac yllauteppah ned in ht e serp e cn e o f ht e hs e drehp s a t ht e b tri h o f .suseJ

)3( . toN ice w ah t the aF t eh r as id t o the --noS a . useJ s i s a sl o God a s ht e F a eht r a rdd e ess s seJ us a s “O oG d .”

b . hT e aF t eh r se t ba l ehsi s Je us s rht one and roL d ihs p a s b nie g fo .reverc . suseJ ‛ gnik dom i s e ats b hsil ed and m a tni a eni d esab d o n hgir t suoe n .sse

3 . sP a ml s 1 40 : ,8 9 na d rbeH ews 1 .8:

ohT“ u sderevoc t it ht( e fo noitadnu s of ht e htrae ) tiw h ht e eed p as tiw h a tnemrag ; ht e sretawoots d eht evoba nuom t .snia sA yht uber ke yeht ta ;delf eht iov c fo e yht nuht d re yeht detsahyawa . ehT y go up by ht e sniatnuom ; eht y go wod n by ht e syellav otnu t eh ecalp ihw ch uoht tsah

dednuof rof .meht ohT u hast set a nuob d ht at eht y am y on t ap ss vo er; ht at eht y ut rn on t ga a niot revoc eht ”.htrae lasP( ms :401 6 )9-

.)1( In the b ge i nn ing the v io d wh re e ht e ae rth aw s Cr tae ed by God eht rehtaF rht o hguuseJ s ht e roW d aw s erevoc d iw th etaw r so aht t oG d etarapes d ht e retaw s voba e orf m eht

wa ret s be ol w, and tse a lb i ehs d l co a oit ns o n ea tr h of r t ah t w ta e .r .)2( oG d olla w ed ht e aw t re s to evoc r ht e trae h nirud g ht e oolF d of ‛haoN s yad ; ub t doG

hguorht ht e orP p eh t ivaD d is e-er s nihsilbat g ht e caf t aht t ae rth liw l even r iaga n be voc e er d by .retawIn tcaf , a arahc c itsiret c of ht e ne d mit e is aht t sav t eidob s of etaw r w li l be no rom e eR( v noitale

12 : ,1 2 .)

ETON : oY u ra e eb g ni n ni g to see t ah t what we h va e in the s uqe e cn e of Ps mla s as touq ed by the Ap eltsouaP l is ht e h rotsi y of ht e nu i ev rse of rm ht e p sre p vitce e o f oG d ht e taF h re : 1( ) . eJ sus ht e Son si

nettogeb ; 2( ) hT e legna s as retsinim s ra e nettogeb ; 3( ) hT e revinu se is Cr detae ; 4( ) hT e srif t e htrais deyortsed , ht e cafrus e epiw d cl nae , with ht e olF od; 5( ) seJ us is geb o ett n on rae th; na d (6) hT e o dl

rae th will a iag n b e w epi d c el an, ht is it me w ti h fi .er

4 . sP a ml s 4 :5 6,7 and H e erb ws :1 8.

411

hT“ y norht e, O doG , if for ve er na d :reve ht e etpecs r of ht y odgnik m is a hgir t retpecs . T uohtsevol ensuoethgir ss, na d setah t ssendekciw ; rofereht e ,doG yht G ,do taht etniona d eht e tiw h eht

lio fo alg d ssen evoba yht ”.swollef lasP( ms ,6:54 7).)1( tlA h guo h ht e F ehta r llac s the oS n, O doG , it is s lit l aht t ht e F ehta r is ht e oG d of eht

noS . ihT s is pahrep s ht e som t atnemadnuf l pecnoc t of ht e lohw e aht--elbiB t oG d ht e ehtaF r am y ebla l i n all; and i s a s aP ul ma ek s c el ar i I n Co nir t aih ns 51 : 72 , --82oF“ r eh doG( eht )rehtaF htah tup lla iht n sg ednu r ih s teef . uB t ehw n he tias h all gniht s are tup

rednu mih , i t i s inam f se t ht at h e is tpecxe ed, cihw h id d up t al l gniht s un ed r mih . nA d ehw n llagniht s lahs l be eudbus d dnu er mih , ht en lahs l the oS n a sl o smih elf be cejbus t nu to ih m aht t p tu

lla iht n sg rednu ,mih t tah doG m ya eb lla ni al ”.l I( .roC 15 2,72: 8).)2( hT e oS n kil e ht e ehtaF r lo ev s ethgir o sensu s as ht e v re y rutan e of iH s etcarahc r dna

tah es ini q tiu y. .)3( hT e aF t eh r ah s ona i etn d ht e oS n tiw h g ndal ess an d tsejam y ba vo e la l eht

ef“ l ol w srieh- ”, o r es c no d b snro , w ti h the f“ i btsr o .”nr

5 . sP a ml s 1 20 : -52 28 and eH b er ws 1:1 0.

O“ f lo d sah t oht u ial d ht e oitadnuof n of ht e htrae ; na d ht e vaeh ens ra e ht e row k of yht .sdnahyehT llahs ,hsirep tub t uoh tlahs ne d ,aey ;eru lla fo meht llahs xaw o dl li ek a tnemrag ; as arutsev e llahs uoht c egnah ,meht dna t yeh llahs eb egnahc d. tuB uoht tra eht ,emas na d ht y sraey

hs all evah on .dne ehT ihc l nerd of thy se vr a tn s s lah l itnoc n ,eu dna rieht dees llahs eb dehsilbatseerofeb ”.eeht smlasP( 01 2 -52: 2 )8

.)1( oY u rael n eve n rom e uoba t ht e oitaerC n of ht e esrevinU , na d ht e pihsnoitaler s of ehtehtaF r na d oS n to that noitaerC , in ht e oob k of mlasP s than in iseneG s; ub t er c la l th ta

asP lms neve sa yna ot reh koob fo eht iB b el si tseb dnu ers ot od in the t ato l xetnoc t of ehtbib l .e.)2( ihT s nixaw g lo d as a g nemra t of the lo d trae h na d ht e nignahc g of ht e lo d trae h is eht

nelaviuqe t of ht e en w trae h nimoc g tni o e tsix e cn e as ht e old trae h is grup ed tiw h rif e from ,nevaeha s ht e ele m tne s of rae th na d ht e eh a nev s are em l et d with a fe nevr t h ae t.

.)3( hT e aerg t batummi le in ht e srevinU e ra e ht e cnetsixe e of oG d ht e taF her na d oG d eht.noS

.)4( Wh li e the old ae rth and ht e lo d h ae v ne s liw l ch gna e ard s acit lly at ht e ne d of emit , ev neas ht e F ehta r na d ht e oS n liw l r iame n ba ove it la l na d un ffa e detc , so liw l la so the ch dli ren of f tia h tahtht e ehtaF r th guor h the if r robts n Son ah s ehsilbatse d nirud g ht e rotsih y of ht e trae h liw l kil e eht

htaF er na d oS n b e oc me mi m tu a lb e i n ht at eht y will l vi e rof e .rev

6 . Ps mla s 11 :0 1 na d H werbe s .31:1

511

HT E ALP N OF OG D GUORHT H LA L SEHT E SEGNAHC NO RAE TH DNA NI EHT DNA ,SNEVAEHTIW H HT E EN W NEZITIC S ERAPERP D OF R HT E EN W HTRAE , IS EEK P SUSEJ , HT E DEDNECSA

SIRHC T ON HIS RI HG T HAND UN IT L ALL T SOH E HT AT JER ECT THE KI GN DOM OF OG D ON EHTEN W EA TR H W LI L BE MOC E HT E TOOF S OOT L OF HT E ROL D EJ SUS C IRH S !T

7 . Ps mla s 4:8 -6 na d H e werb s :2 6.

uB“ t tnu o ht e na g le s h ta h he on t up t in bus j itce on ht e lrow d to emoc , ehw r oe f we sp kae . uB t enoin a niatrec alp ce ,hteifitset taht( no e is ht e rP o hp et aD vid in P mlas s na d in sP a ml s -4:8 6) ,gniyas

tahW is man, that t hou a rt dnim ful of h mi ? or ht e os n o f nam , aht t oht u setisiv t mih ” hT outseyam ih m a lttil e ewol r aht n ht e slegna ; oht u sdenworc t ih m tiw h rolg y na d ronoh , dna id d ts tes

ih m revo eht skrow fo yht nah d :s uohT tsah up t la l niht gs in itcejbus on ednu r h is fe te . For tnitah he up t la l in oitcejbus n ednu r mih , he fel t nihton g aht t is on t tup rednu .mih tuB now ew eeston tey lla sgniht tup un red ”.mih erbeH( ws 8-5:2 dna smlasP 8 )6-4:

THE TTOB MO NIL E OF IHT S GASSAP E IS HT E TILAER Y O N TRAE H AHT T UAP L NA D REHTOSIRHC T SNAI ID D ON T ES E NIRUD G IEHT R TI EM S ALL TH GNI S NU DER THE F EE T OF C IRH S ,T

ON R DO WE DOT AY; ED MAN ID NG A ERG AT EV NE T IN THE F RUTU E WHEN NI D EE D ALL TH SGNIIW LL BE P UT MI M TU A LB E NU DER THE F EE T OF C IRH S !T

8 . Ps mla s 2:22 2 and beH r we s .21:2

uB“ t we ees ,suseJ ohw saw edam a l eltti l rewo naht ht e legna s (by trib h tni o ht e amuh n car e nohtrae ) of r ht e ffus e nir g of taed h ( noixificurc ), enworc d tiw h rolg y and uonoh r ( user r oitcer n a dn

oisnecsa n to ht e gir ht nah d of ht e htaF e )r ; aht t he by ht e g car e of oG d luohs d at ste taed h rofreve y nam eht( enota m tne ni eht cr ificu x .)noi oF r it be mac e mih , of r hw om ra e la l th sgni , dna

by ohw m ra e la l gniht s, in nignirb g nam y nos s tnu o rolg y ht( e oitpoda n of ht e noces d nrob s by ehtrobtsrif n na d ht e F ehta r), to kam e the ca atp in of t ieh r las v oita n ep r cef t guorht h ffus e sgnir . roF

tob h he ht at itcnas f tei h an yeht d ohw era tcnas i deif robtsrif( n na d ht e s noce d snrob ) ra e all fo;eno of r cihw h c ua se he is not as mah e d to lac l eht m rb e nerht , ht( e f wolle s be moc e terb h )ner

,gniyas I liw l ralced e ht y man e u otn ym br ,nerhte ni eht mi fo tsd eht hc u hcr iw ll I gnis esiarpotnu ”.eeht swerbeH( 2 1-9: 2)

9 . Ps mla s 7:59 -1 1 na d H werbe s .7:3

eroferehW“ sa( eht yloH tiripS ,htias oT yad fi ey w lli raeh sih iov c ”.e swerbeH( )7:3uaP l trats s to make the Gospel of Jesus and the Father very personal to the Jews he is rdda e niss g ni

ht e !seugoganys

611

01 . P mlas s ,7:59 8 na d H werbe s .51:3

“ O emoc , el t us ihsrow p na d ob w nwod ; el t us eenk l rofeb e ht e ROL D uo r rekam . oF r he i s ruodoG ; na d we ra e ht e pe lpo e of ih s rutsap e, na d ht e ehs ep o f ih s dnah . To ad y if ye liw l traeh

ih s eciov , edraH n on t uoy r h trae , as in the rp o oitacov n, na d as in ht e ad y o f met p oitat n in ehtliw d :ssenre ehW n uoy r htaf ers met p et d em , p vor ed em , na d s aw my krow . F tro y sraey gnol saw

I eirg ved tiw h iht s neg e noitar , na d as id, it si a elpoep taht od rre ni rieht ,traeh dna t yeh evahon t onk wn my syaw : tnU o ohw m I ws are i n my wr ta h ht at eht y s luoh d on t en et r tni o ym ”.tser

smlasP( :59 6 )11-

lihW“ e ti si ,dias oT d ya fi ey lliw raeh sih ,eciov drah en on t uoy r aeh r st , as in ht e p covor a .noitoF r ,emos nehw eht y had eh a dr , id d rp o kov e ; iebwoh t ton lla t tah emac out fo tpygE yb .sesoMuB t tiw h ohw m aw s he eveirg d trof y y srae ? aw s it on t tiw h ht em aht t dah ,dennis w esoh

sessacrac lef l ni eht iw l ?ssenred dnA ot mohw eraws eh taht eht y s luoh d on t en et r tni o his er s ,tub t to t eh m aht t b ?ton deveile oS ew ees taht yeht co dlu not retne ni eb c fo esua ”.feilebnuH( e erb ws 1-51:3 9)

.)1( hT e loH y Sp iri t of oG d now as eht n oow s p lpoe e rawot d tiaf h in ht e F ehta r na d ht e .noS .)2( Even as the multitud e of the children of Israel wh ci h as w ht e ow rks of oG d hcihw

hguorb t eht m of Eg py t na d rp e es r ev d them in the redliw n se s ah d s mo e cihw h eileb ved na d s mo e hcihwid d ton , ve en so adot y noma g soht e hw o onk w of ht e w kro s of oG d os me veileb e na d s mo e do .ton

11 . Ps mla s ,7:59 8 na d H werbe s 7:4 . aP ul er p tae s the uq o oitat n of Ps mla s 8,7:59 , niyrt g otkam e i t pe sr o llan y aelc r aht t in divid ual iohc ce dna af i ht tsum be esicrexe d in snopser e to ht e drawni

wo nio g of ht e oH ly ripS it o n the uh man ips r .ti

21 . sP a ml s 2:7 and H e erb ws :5 5.

S“ o la so irhC st ifirolg ed on t smih elf to eb edam na hgih ;tseirp b tu eh taht ias d tnu o mih , uohTtra ym ,noS to yad evah I nettogeb t .eeh sA eh htias osla in htona e r calp e, ohT u art a tseirp

of r ve er af et r th e o edr r of Me zihcl e .ked ” H( e erb ws 5:5 ,6, Ps mla s 2: 7 na d P mlas s )4:011

hT“ e ROL D tah h nrows , na d liw l on t per ent liw( l on t hc a gn e iH s ,)dnim t uoh tra a tseirp rof reveretfa ht e edro r of edezihcleM k (a p seir t of cus h a gih h edro r aht t e ev n maharbA , ht e ehtaf r fo

eht gniveileb eJ ws dna tneG i ,el evag ”.)etubirt lasP( ms :011 4)

31 . P mlas s :011 4 na d H werbe s .6:5

711

eW ekool d at iht s voba e as J use s is silbatse hed as ht e rG eat giH h P r sei t of ht e edro r of am g edutinvoba e aharbA m na d la l!

41 . sP a ml s 1 01 :4 and eH b er ws :7 1.

oF“ r iht s kedezihcleM , nik g of melaS , pr sei t of ht e hgih tsom doG , hw o em t bA r aha m re gninrutorf m ht e ethguals r of ht e sgnik , na d esselb d mih ; To ohw m a sl o Ab ar ham gave a tnet h ap rt of a ;lltsrif nieb g b y etni r terp a oit n niK g o d r ethgi o ensu ss, na d taht retfa osla K gni fo melaS w ,si hcih

niK g of ;ecaep ohtiW ut ,rehtaf htiw o tu om t ,reh tuohtiw ,tnecsed gnivah en i reht gninnigeb of ,syadon r dne fo ,efil but edam l eki otnu t eh Son of God; ba i ted h a pr ei st tnoc i llaun y. ” ( beH r swe

-1:7 3)yaW s ni hw i hc suseJ si a G taer hgiH Pr tsei cca o nidr g t o ht e or ed r of gam n uti d e of eM l ihc z ede k --

.)1( suseJ l ki e eM l zihc e ed k is ht e eniadro d seirP t of ht e soM t giH h oG d ht e .rehtaF)2( . seJ us i s t o a cc ept rt i tub e o f al l o f the dro er o f rbA a ah m na d leb o .w)3( . seJ us i s ht e K ni g o f ri ethg o .ssensu)4( . seJ us i s ht e K ni g o f P ae c .e

.)5( ‛suseJ csed ent is fid f luci t t o cart e f or m ae r ‛ht s rep s evitcep ; for it goes ir ght up otht e h e eva nly th nor e w reh e God dw le l .s

)6( . useJ s is a giH h seirP t erof v !re

51 . sP a ml s 4 :0 6-8 and eH b er ws 01 : .5oF“ ti r si ton issop b taht el eht bl doo fo ub l sl dna fo staog uohs ld ekat yawa sins . eroferehWnehw he temoc h tni o ht e dlrow , he htias , cifircaS e na d fo f ire n g ht ou dluow es t not, ub t a ydobtsah oht u pr ape red em : In bu ffo-tnr e gnir s na d cas r ecifi s for is n thou h sa t ah d on .erusaelpehT n s ia d I , oL , I moc e i( n the mulov e o f ht e oob k it si tirw t ne fo ),em ot od t yh liw l, O ”.doG

swerbeH( :01 4 7- dna smlasP 40 )8-6:IHT S EHSIUGNITSID S EEWTEB N HT E EPSOG L EMIALCORP D IN HT E OLD TNEMATSET DNA

EHSILBATSE D ON E TRA H! Je us s did n‛t say it if rs t when He mac e on htrae ; ub t s ia d i t uorht gh siHiripS t srif t in ht e lO d tnematseT - aht- t is ehw n i t aw s hsilbatse ed, eht n pr emialco d it as a caf t nehw

He mac e on !htrae

2-7 : namoR s na d haiasI

evE n as ht e etouq s f or m mlasP s tanimod e werbeH s na d ht e epsoG l to ht e weJ s, the uq o et s from Is haiatanimod e namoR s na d ht e oG s ep l to ht e selitneG . hT e etouq s from Isaiah in Ro am ns are shown in elbaT

-6 2 on ht e xen t egap . ooL k a t lbaT e 2-6 : lgnizama y th re e ra e 15 cerid t etouq s of Is aia h in snamoReve n as mlasP s in Heb swer . A ehton r ch itsiretcara c of aiasI h in namoR s in aht t eht re ra e remun o su

811

lbuod e atouq t snoi hw e er eno esrev or es r ei s of ve sr es in namoR s q etou s rf om rom e aht n one re ref e ecni n sI a hai : reht e are t wo cus h sac es with rht ee eper ats o f sI a hai , o f asI iah 28 1: 6.

eL t su kool ta siht noitrop fo sI a hai tsrif to es e ehw r e in eht dlO atseT m tne aP ul w stna ot lp a ec osum ch hpme a is s o n the psoG el t o the G e itn l .se

ferehT“ ore uht s tias h ht e roL d DOG , dloheB , I al y in oiZ n of r a tadnuof i no a ,enots a deirt st ,enoa rp e uoic s nroc er ts o en , a sure f dnuo a noit : he that be eil v te h s lah l on t am ke tsah ”.e haiasI(

1:82 6)

htaF e .r.)1( useJ s is ht e oitadnuof n s not e of r tiaf h in aht t He is ial d as aht t oitadnuof n by oG d eht

.)2( useJ s is ht e f oitadnuo n ts one of r tiaf h in aht t He is a eirt d nots e in ohw m oG d ehthtaF er i s w le l elp a des , i n al l iop nts et m etp d il ke a s w e ra e ey t w ohti ut .nis

.)3( useJ s is ht e fo oitadnu n nots e of r tiaf h in aht t He is ht e uoicerp s nots e of ht e ,rehtaFleb o ev d o f the aF t eh r a s His no ly geb o ett n .noS

.)4( useJ s is ht e of u tadn ion s ot ne for f tia h in t ah t He is ht e lno y rus e oitadnuof n of r .htiaf .)5( useJ s is ht e f oitadnuo n ts one of r tiaf h in aht t He is the only me na s of iaf th th ta

verp e tn s elpoep from eb ing emahsa d or nieb g en r uov s as eht y kam e tsah e uorht gh fil e uohtiw t a.noitadnuof

baT le :2-6 sI a hai ni R .snamonamoR s sI a ai h namoR s sI a hai

1 2:2 4 :25 5 9 2,02:01 1 1:56 2 2:9 7 2,22:01 3 1 0 :11 8 01:92 3 2:9 9 :1 9 1 1 2:11 6 12,02:95 4 3:9 3 1:8 4 1 2 2:11 7 9:72

5 1:82 6 1 3 1:41 1 32:54 6 1:01 1 1:82 6 1 4 1:51 2 01,1:11

7 2:94 3 1 5 2:51 1 51:25 8 1:01 6 1:35

tiW h iht s tnec ral ucof s point of Isaiah 28:16 and Ro am ns 9:33 and Romans 10:11, we liw l eecorp d htobrid e tc i no s i n t ih s Go eps l to ht e G tne i sel ; na d i n ht e am n en r and o u lt ine a s hs own leb o --w

I . asI iah 28 6: , oR m na s 9 3: 3, and R o am ns 01 : .111 . iasI ah 82 : .62 . moR ans 9: .333 . namoR s .11:01

911

.II haiasI 1 9: ni( R snamo 9 )92: a dn iasI ah :94 23 ni( oR m sna 01 : .)111 . iasI ah :1 9.2 . moR ans 9: .923 . iasI ah 94 : .324 . namoR s 11:01

.III iasI ah :01 2 32,2 ni( moR a sn 2:9 7) dna asI i ha 35 : ni( 1 oR m sna 01 : .)611 . asI iah 10 2: 2 2, 3.2 . moR ans 9: .72

3 . iasI ah 35 : .14. namoR s .61:01

.VI haiasI 5 ni( 5:2 moR a sn 2:2 4) dna asI i ha 56 : ni( 1 oR m sna 01 : ,02 2 .)1.V gnivaH oc m detelp a ll esoht ni eht ah tsrif l fo f moR a ,sn ti er m snia rof esoht ni eht dnoces .flah

1 . iasI ah 92 :10 and R mo ans 11 : .82 . iasI ah 95 : 02 ,21 and R mo ans 11 : .623 . iasI ah 72 :9 and R o am ns :11 2 .74 . iasI ah 54 :23 and R mo ans 41 : .115 . iasI ah 11 : 1,1 0 na d oR m na s 15 1: 2.

6 . Is aia h 1:25 5 na d namoR s 12:51 . ( evE n as uaP l etrats d tiw h eht dn25 retpahc fo sI a ,hai esrev5 , he dne s on aht t mas e pahc ter w ti h ev rse ).51

3-7 : useJ s is ht e Fo oitadnu n enotS

I . yaW s in cihw h useJ s is ht e F oitadnuo n notS e.1 . hT e Fa eht r e ats b hsil ed ht is nroc er nots e.2 . seJ u ‛s s frep e tc ion was t e ets d o n ea .htr3 . seJ us i s erp c uoi s a s ht e b e evol d oS n o f the aF t .reh

4 . hT e lno y nuof d ta ion of r f a ti h l ia d b y ht e htaF e .r5 . oeP pl e ra e lno y dam e se ruc e as ht ey nats d by tiaf h on iht s .noitadnuofII . elitneG s of ht e en w nanmer t liw l on t be emahsa d of ieht r f tia h in ht e f oitadnuo n ts o .en

1 . I aias h .9:1

tpecxE“ eht DROL fo soh ts dah tfel nu to su a ev ry ms all mer n tna , we sh luo d ah ve been as So ,modna d we hs o lu d have b ee n kil e unto omoG r ar h.” ( sI a ai h 1: )9

2 . amoR n s .92:9

021

nA“ d as sE a sai dias ,erofeb xE c tpe eht droL fo baS b dah hta tfel us a ,dees ew dah neeb sadoS om, dna neeb dam e kil e tnu o harromoG . ahW t s lah l w e as y eht n? hT at ht e tneG i sel , hcihwollof w de ton retfa oethgir u ,ssens evah deniatta to sensuoethgir s, eve n ht e thgir e ensuo ss cihw h si

of htiaf . uB t arsI el, cihw h ewollof d etfa r ht e al w of ir g uoeth s sen s, tah h ton iatta n de ot eht walof thgir e ensuo ss. hW e ofer re? ceB a su e ht ey uos ght it on t by f htia , ub t a s it rew e by the ow r skof eht .wal roF yeht ts u delbm ta taht gnilbmuts s enot ; As i t i s ttirw en, heB o dl i , al y in iS on a

gnilbmuts s not e na d cor k of ffo e ecn : and w reveosoh hteveileb no mih llahs ton be ”.demahsamoR( ans 9: 3-92 3 na d I as iah 1: 9 na d P mlas s 2:811 2 an d sI a ai h 8: 41 , an d sI a ai h 82 : )61

3 . Is aia h .32:94

uhT“ s htias eht droL G ,DO ,dloheB I liw l il ft up nim e ah nd to the eG n lit es , na d s et up ym radnats d ot eht :elpoep dna t yeh lahs l nirb g ht y nos s in ht eir smra , na d ht y thguad ers sh la l ebdeirrac opu n ieht r sredluohs . nA d gnik s lahs l be ht y nisrun g htaf e sr , and ieht r qu nee s ht y run s gni

:srehtom yeht lahs l ob w wod n to eht e tiw h ieht r caf e rawot d ht e htrae , na d cil k up ht e sud t foht y teef ; na d thou sh la l onk w aht t I am ht e DROL ; of r eht y lahs l on t be as emah d aht t iaw t rof

.em ” I( s aia h )32,22:94

4 . namoR s .11:01

F“ or ht e rcs i utp re sa hti , ohW s eo ver be eil v te h on ih m s lah l no t be sa h dema .” R( o nam s )11:01

III . hT e New nanmeR t of ht e eN w Fo itadnu on otS ne of tiaf h tnedi i .deif

1 . I aias h .32,22:01

nA“ d i t hs all moc e t o ap ss i n ht at yad , ht at ht e re nanm t of Is ar el, and cus h as ra e e epacs d foht e esuoh o f bocaJ , lahs l no rom e iaga n ats y upon ih m aht t toms e meht ; ub t lahs l ats y opu n eht

DROL , ht e H lo y nO e of Is ar el, in hturt . The nmer ant lahs l r nrute , e ev n the nmer ant of ocaJ b,tnu o ht e mi thg y doG . For th guo h ht y p oe ple arsI el be as ht e sand of ht e aes , yet a nanmer t fomeht llahs :nruter eht usnoc m noitp ed c deer llahs wolfrevo htiw hgir t ”.ssensuoe haiasI( )22-02:01

2 . amoR n s .72:9

A“ s he s tia h la so in Os ee , I liw l lac l ht em my pe lpo e, cihw h rew e on t my oep p el ; na d her be vol ed, hcihwaw s on t leb o ev d. And it sh la l come to sap s, aht t in ht e calp e rehw e it aw s s ia d unto the, Ye are not ym

lpoep e; reht e s lah l eht y be ac l el d ht e ch li d er n of the li niv g G do . asE ias la so irc eth oc n nrec ing Is ,learhguohT ht e ebmun r of ht e ch erdli n of i ears l be as ht e nas d of ht e sea, a mer n na t lahs l be vas e ”.dnamoR( s 72-52:9 , oH sea 32:2 , Ho es a 1: 01 , na d I s aia h :1 9 a nd aiasI h )32,22:01

121

3 . aiasI h .1:35

hW“ o tah h eveileb d uo r oper rt ? na d to ohw m is ht e ra m of ht e ROL D r ?delaeve ” aiasI( h )1:35HW O AC N B E EVAS D AN D HW O LIW L VEILEB E HT E OPER RT FO EHT SOG P LE NI REDRO OT EB

DEVAS ? HT E EN W ANMER NT OF WEJ S NA D !SELITNEG

4 . amoR n s :01 1 .6

uB“ t eht y vah e on t la l yebo e d ht e g so p le . oF r aiasE s htias , droL , hw o tah h eveileb d uo r troper ? oSeht n tiaf h temoc h by gniraeh , na d niraeh g by ht e row d of doG . But I yaS , vaH e ht ey on t draeh ? seY

ylirev , ieht r s nuo d new t tni o la l ht e trae h, na d th ie r ow rds nu to ht e dne s of ht e dlrow . uB t I s ya , diDon t I s ear l kn wo ? riF st oM ses s htia , I iw ll ekovorp uoy ot aej l ysuo by ht em aht t are n o p poe le, na d b

a siloof h oitan I n liw l egna r uoy . uB t aiasE s is v re y dlob , na d htias I , w as nuof d of eht m aht t thguos me on t I ; aw s dam e m ina f se t tnu o ht em ht at eksa d on t tfa er em . But to earsI l he htias , All ad y gnoLI evah terts c f deh o tr h my hands tnu o a id s neidebo t na d niag s niya g ep o .elp ” ( namoR s 2-61:01 1 dna

aiasI h :35 1 na d P mlas s :91 4 na d D etue r mono y 2:23 1 na d I aias h :56 1 Is aia h )2:56

VI . evE n as the aer l tpaC i tiv y is s rip i laut , so sla o ht e aer l nanmer t of a ef w itneG les na d weJ s is ehtaer l oitan n of ht e en w e a .htr

1 . I aias h .5:25

oN“ w fereht o er , ahw t vah e I ereh , tias h ht e DROL , ht at my lpoep e is ekat n wa ay of r thguon ? ht eyaht t elur revo meht ekam meht ot woh ,l ias th eht OL R ;D dna ym an me itnoc n lau ly ve ery ad y sisalb p demeh . hT e er f ro e my p oe ple s lah l onk w my eman : th ere f ro e t eh y s lah l onk w in aht t ad y aht t I

am h e that tod h ps e ka ; heb o dl , it is .I ” ( aiasI h )6,5:25

2 . amoR n s .42:2

oF“ r ht e man e of oG d is salb p emeh d noma g ht e elitneG s ht r guo h oy u ht( e Je )sw , as it is rw i ett n ”.namoR( s )42:2

3 . aiasI h .1:56

“I am hguos t o f them aht t eksa d not for em ; I am uof nd of t eh m that os u hg t me ton : I dias , B dloheem , loheb d em , tnu o a oitan n aht t aw s on t ellac d by my eman . ” aiasI( h )1:56

221

4 . namoR s .12,02:01

uB“ t E aias s is v re y b dlo , na d s tia h, I aw s nof d o f eht m aht t uo ght me ton ; I aw s dam e efinam st otnueht m that eksa d on t a f et r me . But t o I ars el he s htia , All ad y nol g I ah ve ts r hcte ed of rth my h sdnatnu o a d osi b neide t na d iag n iyas ng pe lpo e. ” ( namoR s 1 2,02:0 1 na d I aias h :56 1 na d I s aia h )2:56

V . All ht e soG pe l noitacilpmi s of useJ s as ht e new oitadnuof n ots ne of r the en w .tnanmer 1. earsI l as a oitan n ah s on t eeb n lba e to es e na d aeh r iht s lepsoG , on r to moceb e rap t fo

ht e n ew re nm a .tn2. lA l of ”learsI“ , ht e new tnanmer , i s not of ht e n oita n o f Is lear ; but la l of iht s sI“ r ,”lea

ht e n ew re nm a tn , sh la l b e vas e .d`3 . hT e oC v nane t of oG d tiw h ht is en w nanmer t of ht e en w oitan n of ”learsI“ , of a wef

weJ s na d selitneG , edulcni s aht t God liw l kat e awa y th ie r is ns. Even as ht is new er m nan t is ht e er alarsI el, s o the er al paC t tivi y na d seR t aro t oi n i s the t a nik g away o f the ob n ad ge o f ht is .nis

4. oG d ht e taF her has p r d-e e imret ned na d e ven s row n on ht e f ca t in the lO d tnematseTaht t reve y s lgni e enk e on iht s e tra h na d in rotsih y lahs l ob w to Him, na d oc n ef ss that He la one is .doG

5. It aw s tciderp ed yb eht rP o tehp iasI ah taht G litne es uow ld leb i eve ni eht toor fo J essena d ivaD d, seJ us ht e of u dn a oit n .enots

6. hT e eno s aht t oG d ah s ekops n of in aiasI h na d ht e ser t of ht e lO d tnematseT , soht e foht e en w nanmer t of the en w oitan n of Is lear , liw l ees , raeh , un dnatsred , na d veileb e the psoG el of eht

dnuof a noit enots fo J .suse

4-6 : HT E EPSOG L OFNIER R DEC , .EKUL

rD . ekuL , a litneG e na d on t an Ap ltso e, if rst of la l luoc d etirw , not ieb ng sa h ema d of nieb g a elitneGas gnoma ht o es of ht e en w nanmer t of ht e en w learsI ; na d siwekil e luoc d tirw e to a amoR n ronrevogwi uoht t opa l --ygo

F“ o ar s cum h sa ynam evah ekat n in nah d to es t trof h in edro r a lced a tar ion of oht se ht i gn s hcihwra e tsom ylerus b deveile gnoma u ,s nevE sa yeht dereviled meht tnu o su , wh ci h orf m the geb i gninnrew e ssentiweye es, na d retsinim s of the wo dr ; I t es e em d good to me sla o, ha niv g ah d p re f tce

srednu t nidna g of la l iht ngs from ht e very if r ts , to rw ite tnu o ht ee in dro er, som t e tnellecx,sulihpoehT ahT t oht u sethgim t onk w ht e tniatrec y of oht se iht n ,sg uoht nierehw tsah b nee

curtsni t ”.de ekuL( :1 1 )4-nA d of ht e es am“ n ”y ht at rw o et no eht G ,lepso ta tsael ht o es ihw ch tca u ylla edam ti otni eht Bi lb e

onaC n luow d ulcni d :e

321

.)1( hT e lO d Te emats nt etirw rs cihw h rD . L ku e am y o r am y on t h va e ah d in nim d ehw n ehwr to e the ni t dor u otc ry ts a et m ne t a .evob

.)2( hT e epsoG l of ehttaM w cihw h emialcorp d ht e oG s ep l aht t ah d eb en silbatse hed by ehtlO d seT t ma e .tn

.)3( hT e oG s ep l of luaP , in all 14 eN w tseT a nem t rettel s cihw h he etorw , se p llaice y nirbeH ews (P las ms) na d oR m na s sI( a .)hai

.)4( hT e p emhcra nts cihw h uaP l el ft of r rD . kuL e ot esu ni rw i gnit w hcih noc t enia d: )a( Anitsil g of lO d nematseT t uq o snoitat ; na d (b) hT e nomitset y of omiS n Pe et r to ht e epsoG l of suseJsirhC t ehto( r aht n hw at eP ter w tor e i I n and I I P .)rete

ON TE: nA d t o rev ify ht is topyh h ise s w e w li l oc m rap e Luke w ti h I and I I teP e .r .)5( If ht e itpmussa on is urt e aht t rD . kuL e na d raM k ah d the pA p idne x to ht e B ,elbi

wr iti ng tfa er ht e sopA tle Jo nh ; t eh n rD . L uke a sl o had ht e epsoG l o f hoJ n of r a re neref c .e)6( . rD . kuL e luoc d law k sorca s ht e r oo m to aer d ahw t uaP l ah d fel t for hoJ n raM k in eht

aw y of tnemhcrap s cihw h oc n iat n de : a( ) ehtonA r nitsil g of lO d nematseT t setouq ; na d b( ) ehTnomitseT y of ht e ltsopA e emaJ s to ht e epsoG l of eJ sus ehto( r aht n ht e oob k of emaJ s cihw h semaJ

orw t ,e dna fo ihw ch ew m eda c nosirapmo ni tpahc er .)5

5-6 : kuL e na d eP t ‛re s sipE t sel

nO e aw y to ohs w ht e tiralimis y of eteP r‛s omitset ny t o useJ s as ocer r ed d i n I,I I eteP r na d eteP r s‛nomitset y of eJ sus in ht e epsoG l of ekuL , na d uohtiw t niggeb g ht e si s eu , is to ch ce k the c tne er co nmul

fer e cner es of na y g ood er f ere nc e biB le . oY( u es e th so e ton es rew e eht re nol g eb f ro e iht s oob k dna eht pmussa t snoi fo koob siht erew w )!nettir What w e nif d as cus h er s crae h is nod e is as il s detleb o --w

1 . I eteP r 1:4 7 na d L ku e 74:21 , .842 . I I P ete r 1 2: 1 na d kuL e :1 7 .03 . I I P ete r 2 1: 8 na d kuL e 81 : .84 . I I P ete r 2 2: 0 na d kuL e :11 2 .65. I I Pe et r :3 6 na d kuL e 72,62:71 . eL t us irb e lf y ool k at eht se as ig ven in ht e niredro g fo

ht e G epso l o f kuL e.1( ) . kuL e 7:1 0 na d II eteP r .12:1

F“ or ht e rp o hp ecy mac e on t in lo d mit e by th e liw l fo :nam tub yloh nem fo doG ekaps sa yehtrew e vom ed by th e Holy (S rip i .)t ” I( I P te er )12:1

ETON : It is oc n is d re ed ht at ht e ltsopA e eteP r torw e ih s eltsipe s nol g rofeb e rD . kuL e torw e ehtsoG p le , na d ehtruf r rofeb e taht w neh reteP ga ev in elasureJ m ih s nomitset y to uaP l of ht e epsoG l fo

suseJ . oitidarT n ah s it aht t uaP l na d eteP r rew e tram y er d at ht e s ma e mit e i n .emoR

421

desselB“ be ht e roL d oG d of Is lear ; of r he tah h v etisi d and eder e em d ih s p lpoe e, nA d htah desiarup na roh n of vlas a oit n of r us in ht e suoh e of ih s es r nav t divaD ; As he s kop e by ht e tuom h of h si

loh y rp o hp e st , w cih h h va e eb en is nce ht e lrow d be ag n .. .” (L ku e 1: )07ETON : etaL r in iht s ahc p et r we liw l rapmoc e ht e lO d nematseT t uq o et s in I,I I eteP r tiw h kuL e dna

.luaP

2 . Luke 2:11 6 na d I I P ete r .02:2

oF“ r if etfa r eht y h va e es epac d ht e oitullop n of ht e lrow d guorht h ht e gdelwonk e of ht e oL rd dnauoivaS r useJ s tsirhC , eht y are ag ia n natne g el d eht r nie , na d vo e emocr , the ettal r ne d is ow rse htiw

eht m t ah n th e be nig n gni .” (I I Pe et r 2: )02

nehT“ teog h eh , and tekat h ot mih neves rehto irips ts erom iw c dek naht ih m ;fles dna yeht retneni , an d lewd l t eh e: an d ht e sal t ts ate of aht t am n is row se ht an ht e rif s .t ” ( kuL e 1 )62:1

3 . Luke 4,74:21 8 na d I Pe et r :4 1 .7

oF“ r ht e mit e is moc e aht t nemgduj t sum t igeb n at the ho su e of doG : na d if it if rs t b ge in at su , tahwlahs l ht e end b e of ht em aht t o eb y not ht e og s ep l of ?doG ” (I teP er )71:4

A“ nd ht at res v tna , cihw h enk w ih s ‛drol s lliw , na d eraperp d not flesmih , ehtien r id d nidrocca g to h silliw , lahs l be etaeb n iw th ynam ts r .sepi tuB eh taht k wen ,ton dna did co timm sgniht w yhtro fo ,sepirtslahs l be etaeb n iw th ef w sepirts . Fo r tnu o hw o eosm ver cum h is g evi n, of him s h la l b e cum h uqer i :der

na d t o hw om em n ah ve timmoc ted hcum , of him eht y liw l sa k t he rom e. ” ( kuL e 1 )84,74:2

4 . Luke 2,62:71 7 na d I I P ete r .6:3

oF“ r iht s they liw l lgni y ra e narongi t fo , aht t by ht e row d of oG d ht e aeh v ne s rew e of dlo , na d ht e htraenidnats g uo t of ht e etaw r na d in ht e w reta : berehW y ht e row ld taht neht w ,sa nieb g ov ewolfre d htiw

retaw , irep s deh : uB t the nevaeh s na d ht e htrae , w cih h ra e won , b y ht e mas e w ro d ra e pek t in ,erotser s re ved tnu o rif e niaga s t ht e ad y o f mgduj ent na d p tidre ion of gnu o ld y nem . ” I( I eteP r )7-5:3

nA“ d as it aw s in ht e yad s of eoN , so lahs l it be sla o in ht e yad s of ht e oS n of man. ehT y id d tae , yehtknard , eht y eirram d eviw s, eht y rew e evig n in egairram , itnu l ht e day aht t oN e eretne d tni o ht e ,kra

na d ht e olf od emac , na d d tse r eyo d them .lla ” uL( ke )72,62:71

5 . Luke :81 8 and I I Pe et r :2 1 .8

521

oF“ r ehw n they sp ae k gr ae t llews ing drow s of ytinav , eht y rulla e guorht h ht e tsul s of ht e hself , hguorhtcum h otnaw n sen s, oht se aht t rew e aelc n acse pe d from ht em hw o il ve i n e orr r. ” (II eP ter )81:2

nA“ d lahs l on t oG d eva nge ih s wo n tcele , cihw h rc y ad y na d gin ht tnu o mih , th guo h he aeb r ol ngwith meht ? I let l oy u aht t he liw l gneva e eht m ps e ylide . lehtreveN ess ehw n ht e oS n of man

temoc h, sh la l he nif d f tia h on th e ea ?htr ” kuL( e )8,7:81

6-6 : hT e lO d nematseT t in eP t ‛re s pE i elts s na d ekuL

An eve n be ett r co irapm son of ht e i ulfn e cn e o f eteP r in the oG s ep l of uL ke i s to moc p ra e t h so e dlOnematseT t etouq s in I,I I eteP r tiw h th so e in the psoG el of Luke. First, we look at I, II Peter as sh nwo

in aT ble 7-1 on ht e next egap . As you aer d ht e e eltsip s of eteP r lesolc y oy u liw l nif d that he lbiBsklat e,nidulcni g ht e lO d tnematseT , so aht t eht re ra e af r om re etouq s aht n ra e o ivb ous na d as il s et d in aT b el

-7 1 cihw h are pr lirami y ht e di cer t qu eto s tiw h ah rd tni r itcudo o sn . nA d in ht e lbaT e on gap e 121 , elbaT2-7 , we w li l rapmoc e aiasI h in eteP r tiw h aht t of kuL e na d ht e A ltsop e P lua . iF r ts , ahw t we liw l do si

resni t I,I I P ete r i n ht e eN w iB ble ouq tes o f A pp e idn x A 2- . (These are shown tiw h [ ‛] s.) I f w e ekamos me nosirapmoc s of ht e lO d nematseT t koob s in ht e emmi d etai d niamo fo eseht ,stresni it luow d kool

as lof low -s - So aht t ahw t w e vresbo e is ht e nidnuorrus g of eteP r by luaP , rp i liram y orf m snamoRna d beH r swe , na d M ehtta w as eht y all q tou e f rom Old eT s emat nt bo ko s na d ch tpa er s in the s emaeg n are l us b cej t ra ea. slA o we do ton e ht e one orf m kuL e -4:3 6 rehw e ehttaM w na d raM k sla o uq o etorf m aiasI h 5-3:04 . II eteP r :3 9 p ecer des ht em tiw h iasI a h 81:03 : toB h o f seht e srif t ra e no

gnitiaw“ ” of r ht e L dro ; na d aiasI h 5-3:04 , of ruoc se, is ht e na n nemecnuo t aht t the nitiaw g is over ashoJ n the paB t si t erp p era s the way of r ht e oC m ni g o f J use s rhC i .ts

I, II eteP r lO d nematseT t setouQ1 . I Pe et r 1:1 6 veL i ucit s 44:112 . I eteP r :2 6 aiasI h 61:82ON TE: We er c ingo ze asI iah 28 1: 6 a s ht e ucof s po ni t o f asI iah in ht e b ook o f R mo a .sn3 . I eteP r 2,22:2 3 aiasI h 9,7:35

ETON : hW ile on t rtni odu ec d iw th a rah d noitcudortni , w e aidemmi t le y zingocer e ht e nidrow g foasI i ha . The as me i s rt ue o f Ge isen s 1 :8 2 na d I eP ter 3:6 eb low.

4 . I P ete r :3 6 eneG si s 81 : 215 . I eteP r 1-01:3 2 mlasP s 21:436 . II teP er 1:1 7 1:1.kM( 1 na d lO d T *)tnematse7 . II eteP r 2:2 2 evorP rbs 11:628 . II eteP r :3 8 mlasP s 4:09

621

ETON : cniS e reht e ra e lno y rht ee ecalp s in ht e lbiB e rehw e no e nasuoht d raey s in ereh--denoitnemtiw h a ouq t e orf m mlasP s :09 4 na d oitaleveR n 02 , iht s caf t luohs d be !deton

9. II eP ter :3 9 ukkabaH k 2: 3 asP l sm 51:68aiasI h 81:03

eikezE l 11:3301 . II eteP r 1:3 3 aiasI h 1:56 7 en( w aeh v ne s na d aiasI h 2:66 2 ae tr h)

aS* me a s Mark 1:11 w cih h a er : sP a ml s 2:7 and sI a ai h 4 :2 1.

If oy u ool k iaga n ta eht ou enilt a ,evob uoy w lli on t eci ht at ,reteP aicepse l yl rof two ttil le ,seltsipeekam s a nacifingis t capmi t on ht e Ta lb e tiw h ih s etouq s orf m haiasI ; na d eht r rofe e ekam s a ingis f tnacicapmi t on ht e eN w T nematse t orf m .haiasI

7-6 : tonA her oC m etisop

eB f ro e we ac n dulcnoc e on raM k tiw h raM k as an Ap xidnep , we een d t o kat e rac e of tona her rohc e:aht t is to nibmoc e ht e lO d nematseT t na d httaM ew, luaP , eteP r na d ekuL , na d emaJ s na d kraM . nehT

we liw l be in a itisop on to itnedi fy niop t by niop t f or m iht s T elba , w ti h an anoitaripsni l duts y of ehtelbiB , oh w M ra k is an pA p idne x to ht e B elbi . ihT s is wohs n on p ga e 21 4 in lbaT e 3-7 . lbaT( e -7 3 s strat

wt o egap s drawrof , na d is eunitnoc d on ollof w ni g segap , tiw h egap s of tresni s f or m eteP r na d semaJon eht dlO atseT m ).tne laceR l aht t in iht s etpahc r we uof nd eteP r on the lO d Test ma ent in the t ow

eltsipe s of eteP r 10 emit , na d emaJ s on the lO d nematseT t in an eilrae r etpahc r 15 semit . nisU g ehttresni s of lbaT e a3-7 , eteP r na d emaJ s on ht e lO d tnematseT , seht e in tres s liw l be edda d to elbaT

-7 1 of r a oc m tisop e . lbaT e -7 3 is aew k on ht e oob k of oJ b w uohti t ht e da d oiti n of eteP r dnaemaJ s on boJ , teP er ekam s no noitubirtnoc ; ub t aJ mes dda s ruof . In caf t emaJ s ekam s ht e rats t no

oJ b na d ht e lO d T nematse t w cih h is as it luohs d be orf m ht e egdelwonkca d edael r of Ch tinaitsir y nielasureJ m at ht e aerG t C icmucri s oi n C fno e cner e na d the pas ot r of ht e if rst c uh rch in Je ur s .mela

In ht e xen t etpahc r we w li l serdda s oh w Mark is an idneppA x on oJ b tiw h a lgnis e da d noititfa er aJ mes ah s i ortn d cu ed ht e lO d seT t ma ent w ti h t erh e re neref c se . eteP r da d s one on

eneG is s na d emaJ s dda s fo ru , iaga n emaJ s nikat g ht e ael d on the noces d old nematseT t oob k iw thiseneG s 62:1 , uj st no e ev rse ah ae d of httaM ew. ttaM hew eht n da ds erht e on iseneG s tiw h an pA p xidne

orf m raM k of wt o rehw e he efer r ecne s s mo e of ht e mas e iseneG s verses as Matthew; dna ma gnik aommoc n tniop fo ennoc c oit n rehw e httaM ew ah s fel t fo f na d raM k liw l rats t on ht e lO d tnematseT

neG e -sis w esi . iseneG s 1:5 eb a sr ps e aic l noitnetta : ehttaM w na d emaJ s uq ote ti ; na d kraMorp v edi s an pA p idne x on eneG sis :5 2 raM( k 6:01 , ht e mas e v sre e rehw e he ah s daerla y dam e sih

oitcudortni n to ht e oob k of iseneG s orf m neG e is s :1 2 )7 . eteP r tne er s ht e lO d nematseT t tiw h seneG is81 : 21 . It i s aM rk ht at make a n neppA dix to ih m w ti h G sene is 81 : 41 . lnO y emaJ s dda s t o sudoxE

721

tiw h sudoxE 20 31: , .41 kraM semoc ba kc w hti a mo er lcni usive touq e of E dox us that in dulc es tahwaJ mes uq o et s E( x udo s 1 1-2 7 i n Mark 10 1: 9.

8-6 : oG s ep l eR inf ro c !de

cniS e iht s eN w lbiB e aw s to be e“ s llaicep y of r selitneG , ub t sla o of r ht e weJ s”, it aw s rev y ap orp p etairaht t no e neG t li e be a New eT s emat nt irw t re . woH e ev r, si cn e to the an t oi n of sI r lea , God h da

ettimmoc d ht e sat k of nieb g naidotsuc s of ht e elcaro s of doG , t ah t no e elitneG - na- d ht e one rehtonon - pA o elts - luow- d evah ot eb un red lc o es oisivrepus n f or m tob h a eJ w na d an Ap eltso . uaP l orp v dediaht t pus e isivr on in nivael g tnemhcrap s tiw h isnetxe ve eniltuo s of r Dr. kuL e na d nhoJ raM k. oslA eht

pA o lts e oJ hn aw s reht e at the adneicah“ ” of Ph omeli n tiw h rD . kuL e na d hoJ n raM k to ruf t eh r rp o edivht e iug d na ce of a l nivi g pA o lts e . In L eku , om re re i- n of r emec nt aw s rap t o f the b ca kground than ewop s lbis y igami n e ehw n we r ae d ti : 1( ) hT e nemhcrap t el ft b y uaP l tiw h la l ht e lO d nematseT t setouq

ocer r ded ; 2( ) hT e cneulfni e of eteP r in the nomitset y to useJ s hw ich he lot d uaP l in elasureJ m dnacihw h uaP l at usraT s r edroce d on ona t eh r nemhcrap t of r rD . ekuL ; 3( ) hT e tnemhcrap s of r oJ hn kraM

as eht y bolloc o etar d reht e in ht e home of melihP on; na d 4( ) hT e cnadiug e of the Ap ltso e oJ h .n

821

ahc p et r 7: orP p teh s an d pA o selts

-7 1: hT e ltsopA es eteP r na d James on ht e P hpor e .st

hT e epyt fo elbiB st ydu ht at was detrats in eht tsal wt o chap ret s liw l be unitnoc ed in iht s ch retpatpecxe uora nd ht e P or p teh s-- ivaD d in Ps smla , So omol n in rP o ev r sb , E setsaiselcc , na d ht e noS g fo

nomoloS , ht e of ur ojaM r Pr tehpo s na d the 12 oniM r rP ophets. What w e have done i n the first owtelbaT s of iht s retpahc , ser p levitce y lbaT e -9 1 na d 2-9 , is to vom e of r raw d orf m erp v uoi s elbat s esohtulcxe s levi y on ht e stehporP . ahW t we w na t to do in ht is etpahc r is to da d soht e of lbaT e -9 1 morf

eteP r na d emaJ s to Ta lb e -9 2 in cus h a way aht t it is a uftiurf l lbiB e yduts . lbaT e -9 1 is wohs n on ehtxen t gap e na d lbaT e -9 2 at ht e ne d of ht e retpahc . We liw l tiw h a evrus y of eteP r na d aJ mes on ehtporP h te s in lbaT e -9 1 kam e ht e noitidda s of soht e to lbaT e 9-1 in the atot l etnoc xt of the oG s ,lep

nitelpmoc g baT l e -9 2 by ht e ne d of iht s .retpahc

reteP

eteP r as hs own in lbaT e -9 1 es ems to kat e ht e ael d on ht e Pr tehpo s eve n as eteP r ot ok ht e ael d gnomaht e vlewt e pA o elts s tiw h eJ sus na d nirud g ht e if rst yad s of ht e cruhc h in ureJ s mela , eht n at

elasureJ m ht e ael d essap d to emaJ s as otsap r of ht e hcruhc ; na d eteP r evom d on to caerp h ht e lepsoGto hto er er g noi s. calP es ehw re teP er ekat s ht e lead tiw h ht e orP p teh s: ht e if rst to etouq no sP a ;smlht e tsrif t o touq e on haiasI ; na d ht e lno y o f the wt o to touq e on aH b kukka . The ael d of ht e Ap eltso

eteP r liw l be even om re pmi r se s vi e if we da d his uq o at t noi s rf om ih s se omr ns a s er c dro ed in Ac --st

1 . tcA s 2 1: 6 2- 1 and J oel 2 2: 8 .23-

uB“ t iht s is aht t cihw h aw s s kop en by the pr po het Jo le ; And it sh la l emoc ot ssap ni t eh tsal ,syadtias ,doG h I w lli ruop o tu fo ym pS i tir nopu lla ;hself dna ruoy snos and oy ur ad u thg ers s llah

ehporp sy, na d uoy r gnuoy nem llahs ees ,snoisiv na d oy ur old em n sh la l dream drea sm ; nA d on ymse tnavr s na d on my ha nediamdn s I liw l uop r uo t in soht e yad s of my tiripS ; na d eht y ahs ll

ehporp sy: nA d I liw l ehs w rednow s ni nevaeh ,evoba na d gis ns i n ht e trae h eneb a ht ; doolb , a dn,erif na d uopav r of s ekom : hT e us n hs all be enrut d tni o ad r enk ss, and ht e oom n into olb o ,d

eb f ro e aht t rg eat an d ton a lb e ad y of ht e roL d c emo ; nA d it s lah l emoc ot ,ssap taht reveosohwllahs ac ll no eht an me fo eht droL llahs eb ”.devas stcA( 1 -61: 21 dna leoJ 82:2 - )23

What eog s feb ore na d etfa r iht s touq e xe p nial s ti ; na d as s cu h is ht e i retn p tater ion of ht e dlOseT t ma ent in ht e eN w seT t ma e tn , o r ht e N ewer biB l .e

921

roF“ eseht era ton nurd k ,ne sa ey ,esoppus es e ni g i t i s ub t ht e riht d uoh r o f ht e yad . But sihtis aht t cihw h was s kop en by the pr po het Jo .le . Y.. e em n of learsI , hear seht e sdrow ; useJ s fo

hterazaN , a am n ap orp ved of oG d oma ng oy u by im r elca s and srednow dna ,sngis cihw h oG d id ybih m in ht e sdim t of you, s a ye y ruo s vle es la so wonk : miH , b nie g iled v re ed by the de animret te

lesnuoc na d rof e gdelwonk e of doG , ye vah e nekat , and by ekciw d ah nds ah ve ificurc ed na d ials n;ohW m oG d tah h esiar d pu , ah v ni g esool d ht e niap s o f htaed ; suaceb e it aw s on t lbissop e aht t ehdluohs eb oh l ned fo ”.ti A( c st 1:1 5 2,61, 2 )42-

EW SUM T ES E AHT T AT SAEL T AT IHT S SIH T CIRO AL OP INT IF NOT UD R NI G HT E IL FE FOUSEJ S IS HT E NINNIGEB G OF HT E SAL“ T !”SYAD

2 . tcA s 2-52:2 8 na d mlasP s .11-8:61

oF“ r divaD htekaeps noc c gninre ,mih I waserof ht e roL d yawla s rofeb e my f ca e, f or he is on ymhgir t dnah , aht t I luohs d on t be devom ; rehT e rof e id d my he ra t r oje i ec , and my to ugn e aw s g ;dal

revoerom osla my f el sh s ah ll rest in hope: B ce a su e ht ou liw t on t el ave my uos l in he ll , ne hti er tliwoht u ffus er niht e H lo y nO e to ees .noitpurroc uohT tsah edam kn nwo ot me eht syaw fo ;efil uohttlahs ekam me lluf fo yoj w hti yht co ”.ecnanetnu (A stc :2 2 82-5 dna smlasP 1 -8:6 1 )1

We uohs ld also ool k a t Pe ret ‛s lpxe a an t oi n o f the uq ote orf m ht e rP o ehp t Da --div

M“ en and rb e ht r ne , el t me rf e le y s ep ak tnu o yo u of ht e p rta i cra h ,divaD taht eh si bo ht daeddna eirub d, dna sih hclupes re si htiw su un ot siht .yad eroferehT ieb ng a orp p teh , na d gniwonktaht doG dah rows n tiw h an tao h to mih , aht t of ht e fr iu t o f ih s sniol , nidrocca g to ht e ,hself

he luow d ra si e up Ch sir t to sit on his th nor e; He es e ni g this be of re sp ka e of ht e oitcerruser n fotsirhC , aht t ih s uos l aw s on t fel t in lleh , ne ehti r his elf sh id d es e itpurroc o .n ” tcA( s )13-92:2

3. tcA s 3,43:2 5 na d mlasP s 1:011 . oF“ r ivaD d is on t ednecsa d tni o ht e snevaeh ; ub t he htias

,flesmih hT e ROL D s ia d tnu o my oL rd, iS t t oh u on my ri hg t h dna , nU til I kam e ht y eof s yht ”.lootstoof stcA( 3:2 4 53, a dn asP l sm 011 : )1

reteP dnA ex :snialp

ferehT“ or e el t la l ht e suoh e of earsI l onk w russa e yld , aht t oG d hath dam e th ta emas ,suseJmohw ey evah urc c ,deifi ob th droL dna C ”.tsirh cA( ts )63:2

teP er sla o am kes reves al neg e ar l ats t eme nts ab uo t the porP h --ste

1 . tcA s 3 1: 8.

031

uB“ t soht e sgniht , cihw h oG d rofeb e ah d ewehs d by ht e tuom h of la l ih s p or p steh , aht t Ch tsirdluohs ,reffus eh htah os uf l ”.dellif (A stc :3 1 )0

2 . tcA s 3 2: 0 2, 1.

nA“ d he sh la l nes d Je us s Ch tsir , wh ci h feb ore aw s erp a ehc d tnu o you; ohW m the nevaeh tsumeviecer itnu l the mit es of er s itutit on of all ,sgniht cihw h oG d tah h kops en by ht e mo tu h of all sih

yloh stehporp ecnis eht w dlro ”.nageb (A stc :3 2 )12,0

3 . tcA s 3 2: 4 2, 5.

Y“ ,ae dna lla t eh ,stehporp dna fo eht tnanevoc hcihw G do am d htiw e ruo af t ,sreh as y ni g nu torbA a ah m , nA d in ht y s ee d sh la l la l ht e ik n derd s of ht e ea tr h be elb s des ; tnU o you fi sr t Go ,divah ng desiar u p ih s oS n eJ s su , sent ih m to elb ss uoy , in ninrut g awa y e rev y no e of oy u rf om sihuqini i eit s.” ( tcA s 3: )52,42

2-7 : A ipaR d vruS ye of the ehporP ts droccA ing to Pe et r na d semaJhtonA“ er ”?yevrus uoy thgim ;yas and os ti si .si ehT esoprup fo T EH NRAEL IRHC ST FROM T EH

ELTSOPA S AND ORP P TEH S is to th guoro hly vrus ey ahw t la l ht e orp p teh s na d eltsopa s ah d to yas , dnain alucitrap r uoba t irhC s t cihw h aw s eedni d ieht r p mir e jbus e .tc

.I tehporP ehT Da div ni sP a .sml

.1 smlasP 7:2 II( reteP 1: .)71

I“ liw l ralced e ht e eerced ; ht e ROL D tah h ias d otnu ,em hT ou tra ym oS n; siht yad evahI eb g tto en ht e .e ” P( s mla s 2: )7

oF“ r we vah e on t ollof w de lgninnuc y esived d selbaf , ehw n w e dam e wonk n tnu o oy u ehtrewop na d co nim g of uo r roL d useJ s irhC st, ub t rew e sentiweye se s of ih s jam e yts . oF r eh

deviecer doG morf eht F ehta r uonoh r na d yrolg , ehw n eht e mac e s cu h a ciov e t o ih m orf m eht cxe e nell t g rol y, This is m y eb l vo ed noS , in hw om I a m well lp e sa e .d ” (I I Pe et r 1: )71,61

2. mlasP s -8:61 1 1 na d A tc s 52:2 - .82

I“ vah e set ht e ROL D yawla s rofeb e ym ; uaceb se he is at my hgir t dnah , I lahs l on t ebvom ed. oferehT re my aeh rt is dalg , na d my rolg y hteciojer ; my self h a sl o lahs l ser t in poh e. roFoht u liw t on t ael ve my uos l in lleh ; ne ehti r liw t thou fus fer niht e loH y nO e to see roc r .noitpuohT u liw t ehs w me ht e tap h of efil ; in ht y erp s cne e is senluf s of yoj ; at ht y hgir t nah d eht re eraelp a rus es fo r ev mre o er .” (P mlas s )11-8:61

131

3. mlasP s :23 9 na d maJ es .3:3

I“ lliw tcurtsni eeht dna hcaet t eeh ni eht yaw hw i uoht hc tlahs :og I lliw eeht ediugtiw h enim .eye eB ey ton sa eht ,esroh or as ht e elum , cihw h vah e no rednu s gnidnat ; sohw e htuomtsum eb dleh ni w hti tib and dirb l ,e tsel eht y moc e n ae r tnu o th ee . naM y os r wor s lahs l be to eht

dekciw ; ub t he aht t urt s tet h in ht e DROL , crem y hs all pmoc ass hi m ba o .tu ” P( s mla s 23 : )01-8

oF“ r ni ynam ht i sgn we fo f ne d a ll . If na y man fo f ne d not in ow rd, ht e mas e is a ep r tcefnam , na d lba e sla o to ldirb e ht e lohw e ydob . ,dloheB ew tup stib ni eht oh r ‛ses ,shtuom taht yeht

am y o eb y us ; an d w e turn ab uo t th ie r w loh e ydob .” J( a em s 3: )3,2

4 . P mlas s 1:43 2 na d I eteP r -01:3 1 .2

,emoC“ ey lihc d ,ner nekraeh otnu m ;e I liw l caet h oy u ht e aef r of eht .DROL W tah namis he that de ris eth il fe, and ol v te h many da sy , aht t he may see go do ? eeK p ht y not gue f or m e ,livna d ht y pil s orf m ps e nika g eliug . apeD rt orf m live , na d do doog ; ees k pe eca , na d usrup e ti . The

seye of ht e ROL D ra e opu n ht e suoethgir , na d ih s e ra s ra e epo n unto eht ir rc y.” ( sP a ml s 1:43 1-)51

5. mlasP s 1:43 3 na d J ema s 1: .62

I“ f na y am n a nom g oy u s ee m to be igiler o su , and teldirb h not ih s not g eu , ub t de hteviecih s ow n he tra , iht s ‛nam s ler i oig n is v nia .” J( a em s 1: )62

REH E IS REHW E TOB H EMAJ S NA D PE ET R OUQ TE ORF M !SMLASP

6. mlasP s 1:68 5 na d II teP er .9:3

uB“ t uoht , O oL rd, ra t a God luf l of pmoc a iss on, na d rg a suoic , nol g ffus e gnir , a dnelp n oet us in me cr y an d urt t .h ” P( s mla s 68 : )51

niwonK“ g this rif st, aht t thee s lah l moc e i n the sal t days ocs f ref s, niklaw g a etf r th riewo n tsul s, nA d s iya ng, Wh re e is the pr simo e of his moc i gn ? for s cni e ht e taf h re s lef l a els ep lla

sgniht itnoc n eu sa yeht erew morf eht geb i fo gninn eht noitaerc . For iht s eht y lgnilliw y erarongi ant fo , aht t by ht e row d of oG d ht e aeh v ne s rew e of dlo , na d ht e trae h nidnats g uo t of ehtretaw na d in ht e retaw : berehW y the lrow d t ah t eht n saw , nieb g ov ewolfre d tiw h ,retaw

ep r hsi ed; tuB eht snevaeh dna eht ae r ht , ihw ch ra e n ,wo yb eht emas w era dro tpek ni st ,erodevreser otnu erif tsniaga ht e ad y o f ju nemgd t na d p oitidre n o f ldognu y men. tuB , b vole ed, eb

on t narongi t of siht eno ,gniht t tah eno yad si wi ht eht droL sa a suoht and aey rs, na d a suoht a dnraey s as no e .yad ehT droL si ton kcals c gninrecno his ,esimorp sa emos nem c tnuo als c ;ssenk tub

is l usgno f iref ng to aw-su rd, on t nilliw g that na y s luoh d ep r hsi , ub t aht t la l s luoh d moc e oter p tne a ecn .” (I I Pe et r 3: )9-3

231

esehT reffocs s of ht e sal t syad , orf m ht e ltsopA e reteP , ra e in ht e mas e rogetac y fo esohtem n of ht e uolirep s emit s of ht e al st syad , rf om ht e A op s lt e luaP , hw o siser t ht e turt h na d hw o era

devorppasid recnoc n gni eht iaf th fo eht ltsopa e ,s ,stehporp dna suseJ II( iT m yhto ,3 4 .)7. mlasP s :09 4 na d I I eteP r .8:3DROL“ , oht u h sa t eb en uo r illewd ng lp ace in all snoitareneg . rofeB e ht e niatnuom s erew

hguorb t ,htrof ro erofeb uoht ah d demrof ts eht e tra h and ht e dlrow , eve n orf m e v alre s nit g ot,gnitsalreve oht u ra t God. ohT u ut r sen t am n to curtsed t ;noi dna ,tseyas teR u ,nr ey lihc d ner fo

nem . oF r a nasuoht d ye ra s in ht y hgis t are tub sa yadretsey w neh ti si ,tsap dna sa a ctaw h niht e thgin . ohT u seirrac t eht m awa y as tiw h a doolf ; eht y ra e as a eels p in ht e ninrom g eht y erakil e ssarg cihw h rg o tew h pu . In the ninrom g it irolf s hteh , na d worg eth pu ; in ht e ev nine g it is tuc

nwod , na d iw t eh r hte .” (P mlas s )6-1:09

reH e w e uohs ld add J a em s 4 1: 4 --

oF“ r si tahw ruoy ?efil It si neve a ,ruopav taht hteraeppa rof a il t elt it m ,e dna nehtav n hsi eth wa a .y ” J( a em s 4: )41

tuB“ , leb o dev , be ton tnarongi fo siht eno ,gniht t tah eno syad si wi ht eht droL sa auoht s na d y ae rs, an a d th suo and ye ra s as on e da .y ” I( I P te er )8:3

8 . Ps mla s 1:49 2 na d emaJ s .1:5

sselB“ ed is ht e am n ohw m oht u tsenetsahc , O DROL , dna tsehcaet ih m uo t of th y ;waltahT oht u yam est vig e ih m ser t f or m ht e yad s of vda e ytisr , itnu l ht e ip t be eggid d of r ehtdekciw .” (P mlas s )31,21:49

G“ o to on w, ye cir h men, weep and woh l for yo ru seiresim taht ahs ll oc me nopu ”.uoyJ( a em s 5: )1

9. mlasP s :201 3 na d J ema s :4 1 .4

)3:201oF“ r ym syad era snoc u dem li ek ,ekoms dna ym bo sen ra e ub r en d as an hea tr h.” (Ps smla

saerehW“ ey wonk ton tahw hs all be on ht e rrom ow. Fo r hw at is y uo r li ef ? tI si nevea va uop r, ht at ap ep a ter h of r a lttil e emit , na d then v ina s teh h awa y.” ( maJ es )41:4

01 . mlasP s :011 1 and tcA s .53,43:2

hT“ e ROL D ias d tnu o my droL , iS t oht u at my hgir t dnah , itnu l I kam e niht e eimene s yhtoof t ots o .l ” ( sP a ml s :011 1)

ferehT“ ore tel lla t eh fo esuoh learsI wonk ussa der ly, t ah t oG d h ta h dam e ht at s a emeJ s su , w oh m ye ah ve urc c ifi ed, ob th oL rd na d Ch sir t.” ( tcA s 2: )63

11 . mlasP s :041 3 na d J ema s .8:3

331

revileD“ ,em O DROL , rf om ht e e iv l man; p er s re ve me f or m the vi elo nt nam ; hcihWnigami e csim h ei fs in t ieh r eh a tr ; co unitn a ll y are ht ey ga eht red ot g hte er for war . yehT evah

deneprahs rieht seugnot l eki a ;tnepres ‛sredda osiop n is un ed r th ie r l pi s. Se hal .” (P mlas s -1:041)3

uB“ t eht eugnot nac on nam at m :e it is an rnu uly ev li , f lu l of ldaed y siop on. hT e htiwersselb we doG , eve n ht e taF h re ; na d th re e tiw h uc rse we nem , cihw h ra e dam e tfa er ht e limis i edut

of doG .” J( a em s 3: )9,8 .II tehporP ehT S nomolo ni .sbrevorP

aJ mes oc m elp t le y d imo n ta es o n vorP e br s xe c pe t of r one q u to e rf om eP t --re21 . orP v bre s -3:2 6 and emaJ s .5:1

M“ y ,nos fi uoht w tli ecer i ev ym ,sdrow dna edih ym c nammo d stnem iw th ;eeht oS tahtoht u nilcni e niht e ae r nu to modsiw , and pa ply niht e h rae t t o srednu ta ;gnidn Y ,ae fi uoht rc i tse

wonk retfa l ,egde dna fil t tse pu t hy ciov e for ednu r nidnats g; If ht ou es e sek t her as s revli , dnaehcraes st of r eh r as of r ih d serusaert ; ehT n lahs t oht u natsrednu d ht e aef r o f ht e DROL , dna

nif d ht e lwonk e gd e of doG . oF r ht e ROL D tevig h modsiw : uo t of ih s tuom h co tem h delwonk ge dnaednu r ats n gnid .” (P or v bre s )6-1:2

I“ f yna fo uoy al ck dsiw o ,m let him sa k of doG , ht at evig th to la l em n bil e yllar , a dndiarbpu eth ;ton dna ti llahs eb nevig ih m. tuB tel mih ksa ni ,htiaf on t gnih .gnirevaw roF eh taht

vaw e ter h is kil e a aw ve of ht e se a dr vi en tiw h th e wind na d t so s .de ” J( a em s 1: )6,5

31 . orP v bre s :3 5 na d maJ es .8:1

tsurT“ ni eht OL RD htiw lla eniht ;traeh dna l nae on t tnu o iht ne wo n ednu r nidnats g. nIla l th y aw ys kca n delwo ge mih , na d he sh la l id r ce t th y pa sht .” (P or v bre s )6,5:3

oF“ r el t not ht at am n th ni k ht at he s lah l eviecer yna gniht fo t eh .droL A uod b el nim d deam n is snu t lba e in la l hi s wa sy .” J( a em s 1; )7,6

41 . orP v bre s 3:3 4 na d maJ es .6:4

hT“ e sruc e o f ht e L RO D i s in ht e h suo e of the kciw ed: ub t he tesselb h ht e h noitatibaof ht e tsuj . leruS y he nrocs eth ht e srenrocs ; ub t he ig v te h g car e tnu o the lwol y. The iw se sh llahni e ir t g rol y; ub t s mah e hs all be th e pr itomo on of f loo s.” ( rP o ev rbs 3: )53-33

D“ ey o taht kniht eht erutpircs ias t ni h ehT ,niav sp iri t aht t llewd eth in us ul s tet h otyvne ? tuB eh htevig erom arg c .e roferehW e he htias , oG d er s tsi eth ht e rp o du , ub t ig v te h g ecar

tnu eht o bmuh l .e timbuS sevlesruoy erofereht ot oG d . R sise t ht e lived , and he liw l elf e morfuoy . .. ” J( a em s 4: )7-5

51 . orP v bre s 1:01 2 na d emaJ s 5: .02

431

hT“ e tuom h of a uoethgir s am n is a well of efil ; ub t cneloiv e terevoc h ht e tuom h of ehtdekciw . taH red st rri eth up rts i ef s; ub t love co ev r te h all nis s.” ( rP o ev rbs 01 : )21,11

rB“ e nerht , if na y of oy u do re r f or m ht e turt h, na d no e evnoc rt mih ; eL t him ,nwonk t taheh hcihw c htetrevo eht rennis orf m ht e e orr r of hi s way sh la l save a uos l f or m de hta , na d s llahedih a um l utit de fo ”.snis J( a em s 5: )02,91

61 . Pr brevo s 2:11 8 na d emaJ s .1:5

H“ e aht t gilid e ltn y es e tek h og od rucorp eth af v ruo ; ub t he aht t es e tek h csim h ei f, it s llahmoc e otnu ih m . eH taht etsurt th ni sih sehcir ahs ll llaf : tub eht hgir t suoe llahs olf u hsir sa aarb n .hc ” P( r vo e br s 1 )82,72:1

G“ o to won , ye cir h nem , eew p and woh l of r uoy r sim e eir s that hs all moc e opu n y uo . ruoYsehcir ra e oc r detpur , na d uoy r g tnemra s ra e taehtom en . uoY r gold na d vlis er i s knac e der ; a dn

ht e tsur of ht em lahs l be a entiw ss ga a sni t uoy , na d hs all ae t uoy r hself sa ti erew .erif eY evaheh a ep d t er a rus e got e eht r of r ht e l sa t yad s.” ( maJ es )3-1:5

71 . orP v bre s 1:21 8 na d emaJ s 3: .5

H“ e taht htekaeps urt th htewehs htrof oethgir u :ssens tub a eslaf tiw n sse .tieced erehTis aht t tekaeps h kil e ht e nicreip g of a drows ; ub t ht e ugnot e of ht e siw e is he htla . hT e il p fo

turt h hs all eb dehsilbatse rof :reve but a gniyl to eugn si tub rof a m ”.tnemo P( r vo e br s 1 -71:2)91

nevE“ so ht e ugnot e i a s lttil e rebmem , and tsaob eth .sgniht taerg loheB d, woh taerga rettam a li erif eltt ki !hteldn A dn eht gnot ue si a a ,erif dlrow of uqini i :yt so is ht e to eugn

noma g ruo mem b ,sre taht i t telifed h ht e lohw e ydob , na d tettes h on rif e ht e sruoc e of ;erutanna d it is se t on rif e of h .lle ” J( a em s 3: )6-5

81 . orP v bre s :51 2 na d J ema s .5:3

hT“ e ugnot e of ht e iw se su eth gdelwonk e gira ht; but ht e om uth of fo lo s uop r te h tuooof l hsi n se s.” ( rP o ev rbs 51 : )2

91 . orP v bre s 2:61 7 na d J ema s .6:3

)72:61A“ n ldognu y am n id g teg h up live ; and in ih s il ps eht e is a a s inrub ng .erif ” ( vorP e sbr

02 . P or v bre s 1:62 1 na d II eP ter .22:2

hT“ e taerg doG t tah demrof all sgniht ob th eht htedrawer oof l, and edrawer th.srossergsnart As a od g r nrute eth to sih ,timov os a loof htenruter ot his .yllof eeS st oht u a

am n iw se in hi s wo n cnoc e ti ? ht ere is rom e oh pe of a fool ht an of h .mi ” ( rP o ev rbs 62 : )21-01

531

oF“ r fi retfa yeht vah e es epac d ht e oitullop n of ht e lrow d guorht h ht e gdelwonk e of ehtroL d dna ruoivaS J ,tsirhC suse yeht era gnatne niaga l de ,niereht dna overc emo , ht e ettal r e dn

si esrow htiw t meh naht eht igeb n .gnin roF ti dah neeb retteb of r eht m on t to vah e wonk n ehtyaw of nsuoethgir e ss , naht , a etf r eht y ah ve wonk n ti , to rut n orf m ht e loh y c tnemdnammoiled v ere d tnu o meht . But it is ha pp e en d tnu o ht em nidrocca g to the urt e p vor e br , hT e od g sienrut d t o his wo n vo im t niaga ; na d ht e sow aht t aw s hsaw e d to eh r wa niwoll g i n ht e .erim ” ( II

eP ter 2: )22-02

12 . orP v bre s :72 1 na d J ema s :4 1 .3

saoB“ t not lesyht f of to worrom ; of r oht u sewonk t on t ahw t a ad y am y nirb g htrof .”P( r vo e br s 2 )1:7

G“ o ot ,won ey taht as y, To da y or to mo orr w w e liw l go tni o cus h a ytic , and eunitnoceht e a ye ra , na d bu y na d les l, an d eg t iag n .. .” J( a em s 4: )31

III . hT e porP het oJ b i n Jo .b

elihW reneg a yll we n yam ot kniht fo J sa bo a ehporP t, aJ m se .seod

,ekaT“ ym eht ,nerhterb ,stehporp w oh evah nekops ni eht eman fo t eh ,droL rof namaxe ple of us f ef r ni g a lff i noitc , na d of ap t cnei e. Be dloh , we oc unt ht em ah ppy wh ci h e rudn e. eYevah draeh fo eht p cneita e of boJ , na d vah e see ht e ne d of ht e droL ; aht t ht e roL d is ve yritip f lu , an d of te edn r crem y.” ( maJ es 01:5 , )11

cnO e niag , niunitnoc g on modsiw , emaJ s etanimod s pecxe t of r ht e nis gle idneppA x morfraM k .72:01

ETON : It hgim t be lew l t o ton e reh e oh w aht t oJ b tiw h mlasP s na d orP v bre s is etfo n dellacthe rutaretiL e of iW s od m na d esiarP ; na d th ta , of ruoc se, emaJ s is ht e eihc f eN w eT s nemat t

tni erp er ter of that W si d .mo

22 . oJ b 2:1 1 na d emaJ s .1:5

nA“ d dias , N ake d mac e I uo t of my ‛rehtom s bmow , na d ekan d lahs l I ruter n :rehtihtht e ROL D g eva , na d ht e ROL D h ta h ekat n wa ay; elb s es d be ht e man e o f ht e DROL . I n la l th sioJ b s nni ed ton , on r ch ra ged oG d f iloo s ylh .” J( ob 12:1 , )22

G“ o to won , ye cir h nem , eew p na d woh l of r uoy r taht seiresim llahs emoc nopu yo ”.uJ( a em s 5: )1

32 . oJ b :7 7 a nd emaJ s .41:4

631

M“ y syad era retfiws naht a s‛revaew ttuhs l ,e dna era tneps ohtiw ut .epoh O rebmemertaht my fil e is dniw : nim e ye e lahs l no rom e es e doog . The ye e o f ih m ht at tah h es en me s llah

es e m e no mo er : niht e ye es ar e upon em , na I d a m ton .” J( ob )8-6:7

aerehW“ s ye onk w on t ahw t lahs l be on eht .worrom roF w tah si ruoy li ?ef tI si nevea va uop r, ht at ap ep a ter h of r a lttil e emit , na d then v ina s teh h awa y.” ( maJ es )41:4

42 . oJ b 2:22 9 and emaJ s .01:4

I“ f uoht nruter to eht lA m ,ythgi uoht ahs lt eb iub lt ,pu uoht tlahs tup yawa ni i ytiuq raforf m ht y ..selcanrebat . ehW. n em n ra e sac t nwod , eht n oht u tlahs ,yas erehT si tfil i gn ;pu dna

he s lah l s va e ht e h lbmu e p re s .no ” oJ( b )92,32:22

bmuH“ le yo sru e evl s in ht e is ght of ht e L dro , na d he sh la l il f t oy u u .p ” J( a em s 4: )01

IT IS AE SY TO BE MUH BLE W EH N GNIHT S RA E NIOG G LLEW : IT IS NIRUD G EHTRT IALS AND TEMPTATIONS OF LIFE THAT WE FIND TRUE HUMILIT !Y

52 . oJ b :24 2 and raM k 1 .72:0

nehT“ Job rewsna ed ht e DROL , na d as id, I onk w aht t oht u nac st d o ve ery niht g, dnaaht t no th guo ht ac n be htiw h edlo n rf om eht e.” ( oJ b 24 : )2

nA“ d seJ us nikool g u op n ht em htias , tiW h em n i t is elbissopmi , ub t on w tiw h doG : roftiw h God la l th gni s ra e op s lbis e.” ( raM k )72:01

62 . oJ b 1:24 0 na d emaJ s .1:5

nA“ d ht e ROL D denrut eht c ytivitpa fo oJ b, nehw eh deyarp rof sih :sdneirf sla o ehtROL D g va e oJ b wt ice as cum h as he ha d be of r .e ” oJ( b )01:24

eB“ tneitap ,erofereht nerhterb , tnu o ht e nimoc g of ht e Lo dr . dloheB , ht e dnabsuh m natetiaw h rof eht suoicerp urf i fo t eht ,htrae dna ah th gnol neitap ce rof ,ti tnu il eh er c vie e eht

ae rly dna tal t re .niar eB ey osla eitap tn ; silbats h uoy r aeh r st : of r ht e nimoc g o f ht e Lo drward eth in g .th ” J( a em s 5: )8,7

3-7 : noitacilppA s.

eW evah ylno to dda t eseh rht ee rP o hp e st - aD- v di , oS l nomo , and boJ - t- o ht e Go ps el of aT b el-9 2 in edro r to telpmoc e this retpahc . revewoH , a s w e da d maJ es na d P ete r t o ht e soG pel w e sh dluoac ll T a lb e 9-2 nihtemos g esle : pahrep s “A noitacilpp s of ht e ”lepsoG ; cnis e we ton e aht t ht e opA s selt

eteP r na d emaJ s vah e ats r et d lddem ing in uo r li ev s , og in g aw y eb y no d th e ts r hgia t drawrofoitatneserp n of ht e fa tc s of ht e G lepso . ooL k at ht e lbaT e in ht e A pp e xidn . hT e noisulcni s o f eht

pA p noitacil s rf om eteP r na d emaJ s ra e r se p itce v le y p ecal d tiw h L ku e na d M kra , na d in iht s elbaT , retePna d aJ mes ga ain are ohs wn a t the ot p w ti h L uke and M ark in erap n seht is, ( .)

731

taidemmI ely we citon e wt o iht ngs ab uo t the Ap tacilp i no s of the oG s lep : (1) The if rst ch hcruin elasureJ m ah s ht e srif t as y on smlasP ; na d 2( ) hT e xen t on smlasP , 7:2 , uof r eN w nematseT t sretirw

ouq te orf m .ti1 . asP lms 2: ,1 2 na d tcA s 4 2: 4 .62-

hW“ y do ht e ehtaeh n ar ge, na d ht e ep o lp e nigami e a iav n gniht ? The gnik s of ht e ea htrtes meht s vle es, and ht e lur ers take oc u sn el got e eht r, ag nia st ht e DROL , na d a iag nst his an tnio e ,d

,gniyas teL su rieht kaerb b ,rednusa sdna dna tsac rieht yawa c .su morf sdro He ht at htettisin ht e eh a ev ns sh la l al u hg : ht e L ro d s lah l h va e eht m in ed r isi o .n ” ( sP a ml s -1:2 4)

nA“ d nieb g l et go (P ete r and )nhoJ , eht y went to ieht r wo n napmoc y, na d re trop ed llataht ht e eihc f eirp sts na d redle s dah dias nu to .meht dnA nehw yeht draeh aht t, yeht detfil pu

eht ir vo ci e to oG d tiw h no e a drocc , na d s dia , L dro , oht u ra t God, cihw h hast dam e h vae en, dnahtrae , dna eht ,aes dna lla ni taht meht :si W oh yb eht om u ht fo yht tnavres divaD tsah as i ,d

hW y id d ht e he ehta n r ega , na d ht e p lpoe e nigami e iav n ?sgniht ehT ki sgn fo eht htrae doots u ,pdna eht ur l sre erew derehtag got e eht r ga a sni t ht e L dro , na d ga a sni t ih s tsirhC . oF r of a hturt

tsniaga ht y loh y lihc d suseJ , ohw m oht u sah t a detnion , b to h eH r do , na d uitnoP s etaliP , tiw h ehtitneG l se , na d th e pe lpo e of arsI el, rew e htag e er d got e reht , oF r t o do ostahw e ev r thy nah d a dn

ht y esnuoc l de enimret d be rof e to be nod e. nA d now, Lo dr , be loh d ieht r th taer e sgnin ; na d rg a tntnu o th y se vr a stn , aht t tiw h all ndlob ess t eh y am y s ep ak ht y wo .dr ..” ( tcA s 4: )92-32

2 . asP lms 2:7 a nd 4 New T tse a nem t rw i .sretI“ lliw eralced eht d :eerce eht DROL ah th dias otnu m ,e uohT tra ym So ;n siht yad evah

I eb g tto en ht e .e ” P( s mla s 2: )71( ) . aM t eht w 1:3 7 and .5:71

nA“ d lo a eciov morf ,nevaeh ,gniyas sihT is ym devoleb ,noS ni mohw I ma llew ”.desaelpM( a htt ew )71:3

lihW“ e he yet sp ka e, be oh ld, a rb i hg t olc ud oversh da o ew d them; na d heb old a ciov e o tuof ht e olc ud, w hcih ,dias hT is si ym devoleb S ,no ni mohw I ma llew raeh ;desaelp ey ”.mihM( a htt ew )5:71

)2( . beH r we s :1 5 na d .5:5

oF“ r nu to cihw h of the an leg s as id h e at na y emit , ohT u ra t my noS , iht s d ya vah e Ieb g tto en ht ee? nA d a iag n, I liw l be to hi a m F hta er, an d he hs all be to m a e S ?no ” H( e erb ws

)5:1

S“ o sla o sirhC t eifirolg d on t hi lesm f to be dam e an gih h p tseir ; ub t he ht at ias d otnumih , uohT tra ym S ,no ot yad evah I nettogeb eeht . As he s tia h sla o in ehtona r p ecal , ohT u tra

a pr ei st of r ve er af et r th e o edr r of Me zihcl e .ked ” H( e erb ws 5:5 , )6)3( . II Pe et r 1 .71:

831

oF“ r he viecer ed orf m oG d ht e F hta er oh n uo r and lg o yr , ehw n eht e mac e s cu h a ciov e otih m orf m eht lecxe l tne ,yrolg sihT si my devoleb ,noS in mohw I ma llew .desaelp nA d ht is vo eci

cihw h nevaeh morf emac we ,draeh ew nehw erew w hti mih in eht yloh m .tnuo We vah e sla o arom e rus e row d of pr po h yce ; ehw r tnue o ye do lew l that ye kat e ,deeh sa tnu o a gil ht aht t sh hteni

in a rad k p ecal , itnu l the ad y wad n, na d ht e ad y ats r a sir e in ruoy ;straeh onK w gni siht ,tsrif t tahno rp o hp ecy of ht e s irc p rut e is of na y p vir ate in ret p ter a noit , oF r ht e p or p ceh y mac e not in o dlmit e yb eht iw ll fo :nam but yloh nem of oG d ps ake as eht y rew e vom ed by th e Holy ”.)tiripS(I( I P te er )12-71:1

IT IS HA LDR Y ANY IRP V TA E ITATERPRETNI ON EHW N OY U OLLA W WEHTTAM , ,LUAPNA D ETEP R TO AEPS K OR PRETNI RET ON HT E MAS E RUTPIRCS E OF !SMLASP

)4( . Mark 9: .7nA“ d eht e aw s a uolc d aht t revo s dah o ew d th me : and a v cio e came uo t of the uolc d,

,gniyas ihT s is my bel devo :noS raeh ”.mih (M kra )7:9 It dnimer s us of ahw t ehtona r porP h teias d, hrep aps ht e if rst porP het ex pec t of r oJ b, ht e P ehpor t --sesoM

hT“ e yht DROL G do iw ll pu esiar otnu t eeh a P or phet from the sdim t o f eeht , o f yhthterb r ne , ekil nu to ;em otnu him ey llahs ”...nekraeh ueD( t ymonore 18:15 ) nA d ihw ch reteP

ouq ted in ih s ces ond res m --nooF“ r soM es rt uly ias d tnu o ht e fa reht s, A orp p eh t sh la l ht e Lord uoy r oG d ra si e up otnu

oy u o f y uo r rb e nerht , kil e tnu o ;em mih llahs ey raeh ni lla ht i sgn reveostahw eh llahs yas otnu ”.uoy stcA( :3 2 )2 EHT PMI O ECNATR FO LI GNINETS ERAC F LLU Y TO NIHTYREVE G AHT T SUSEJ

IAS D OR THGUAT ; AND HT E ROFER E THE ER A OS N HT AT RAM K W TI H HT E ET A HC I GN S FOUSEJ S IS DAM E AN IDNEPPA X VE EN IF IT AM Y ON T BE HT E SAL T OOB K OF EHT ELBIB OT EBTIRW T !NE oslA we ton e orf m ht e IDNEPPA X LBAT E aht t emaJ s ecalp s an pA p idne x roilppA c ta ion t o the oG s ep l w ti h Ps la ms 23 :9 i n J ma es :3 3 --

oF“ r ni ynam ht i sgn ew dneffo la l. fI yna nam dneffo n to ni row d, eht emas si a ep r tcefnam , na d lba e a sl o to ldirb e ht e lohw e ydob . heB o dl , we up t tib s ni eht ‛sesroh om u ,sht taht yehtyam yebo ;su dna ew nrut oba ut rieht ohw le ”.ydob semaJ( 3 )3,2:

ekiL w esi we luohs d cehc k na y solc e taicossa i no s eewteb n ehttaM w na d kuL e on mlasP s 11:19na d aJ mes o n sP a ml s 9 :4 1 .2

1 . asP lm 91 .11:rF“ o eh llahs evig sih slegna egrahc revo ot ,eeht peek eeht in la l thy w ya s. ” (Ps smla

)11:19

(1). httaM ew .6:4

nA“ d tias h nataS( , ht e ed vil htias , nitouq g orf m )erutpircs , If oht u be ht e oS n of ,doGtsac syht elf nwod : rof ti si rw i ,nett eH llahs gi ev sih slegna egrahc noc c gninre :eeht na d in ht e ri

931

dnah s they sh la l aeb r eht e up, sel t a t na y mit e thou sad h thy of ot iaga nst a st eno . Je us s s diatnu o h mi , It is rw i ett n a iag n, Thou sh la t no t met pt ht e roL d th y oG d.” ( ttaM hew 6:4 , )7

2( ) . Luke .01:4

oF“ r it is ttirw en, He s lah l ig ve ih s slegna egrahc revo ,eeht ot peek ”...eeht kuL( e )01:4Of esruoc , n to e aht t ‛nataS s touq e as yawla s is id s etrot d in tni e itaterpr on as he t tpme s J use s ot

tbuod , “If t hou be the S on of .doG . ”.2 . sP a ml s 9 :4 1 .2

desselB“ si eht nam w moh uoht c ,tsenetsah O LO ,DR dna aet c tseh ih m uo t of th y ;waltahT oht u yam est ig ve ih m rest rf om ht e yad s of vda e tisr y, tnu il ht e ip t be eggid d of r eht

ciw k ”.de smlasP( :49 1 )31,2 We ra e s irpru sed aht t ht e pit ah s on t ey t eeb n ud g of r ht e ekciw d; dnaus s cep t aht t ht e ip t liw l moc e as ht e lo d e tra h is ed s rt o ey d by fi er , aht t lo d trae h imoceb ng ht e p ,tina d ht e en w trae h w ti h a gr ae t lug f exif d eewteb n it and ht e lo d htrae , emoceb s ht e moh e na d k modgni

o f eb l .srevei1( ) . emaJ s .1:5

oG“ ot on w ey , hcir ,nem w dna pee lwoh rof oy ur seiresim aht t sh oc lla m nopu e ”.uoysemaJ( )1:5 hT e lno y itcennoc on eewteb n mlasP s as pretni r ete d by Jesus and the Apostles is that ew

tsum rael n to touq e tpircs u er s tteb er aht n ataS n el st by ataS n we be evieced d kil e ht e cir h am n otnirongi ing ht e i iven t ba le nif al ts a .set

llaniF y in iht s retpahc , cnis e we vah e ias d nihton g of ht e ehto r koob s ettirw n by ht e porP h tenomoloS , na d we nif d tsaiselccE es in eht acilppA t snoi bat l ,e we dluohs rb i ylfe cl eso tiw h ht is re ref e ecn

orf m the O ld T e ats m .tne1 . E selcc i etsa s 1:21 - .3

rebmemeR“ on w ht y otaerC r in ht e yad s of ht y htuoy , lihw e ht e ive l ad ys moc e ton , ronht e sraey ward ,thgin w neh uoht tlahs ,yas I evah on pl ni erusae eht m; lihW e ht e nus , or eht

thgil , or ht e noom , or ht e srats , be on t denekrad , on r ht e duolc s ruter n etfa r ht e niar : In ehtyad ehw n ht e peek ers of ht e esuoh llahs ert m ,elb dna eht st gnor nem lahs l ob w th lesme v se , a dn

ht e srednirg esaec esuaceb t yeh era ,wef dna esoht taht l koo tuo of eht dniw o sw eb enekrad d ”...setsaiselccE( 1 -1:2 3) lA l of a ddus en in the buod le rutan e of lO d nematseT t orp p yceh , we es e ht is

is ton ylno a egassem rof gnuoy erofeb eg t gnit lo d; tub a a osl ssem a eg to ht e rae th lihw e lits l gnuoyrofeb e i t pa p aor c eh s en ar ht e e nd w eh n ht e nus , m noo , na d rats s stop ivig ng eht ir gil h .t

)1( . raM k 31 : .42ub“ t in ht ose da sy , tfa er ht at birt u ital on, the sun sh la l be krad e den , na d the om on sh lla

on t vig e eh r thgil , nA d ht e s rat s of h ae ven s lah l f lla , and ht e wop ers that are in h ae ven s lah l ebkahs en. dnA neht ahs ll yeht ees ht e oS n of am n nimoc g in ht e duolc s tiw h aerg t ewop r na d .yrolg

nA d eht n hs all he s ne d his a gn e sl , and sh la l ga eht r got e eht r ih s ele ct morf eht ruof w ,sdni morfeht rettu m tso rap t of ht e e tra h t o ht e somrettu t rap t fo ”.nevaeh kraM( :31 2 2-4 7) IHT S SI

EEDNI D AN IDNEPPA X ON IT !LLA

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THE LEARN CHRIST COMMENTARIES Volume LCC 1a Introduction ... · Introduction to the complete volume...

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