The LHC injection systems located in points 2 and 8 are comprised of several elements common to the LHC ring and the downstream ends of the TI 2 and TI 8 transfer lines, namely the injection septa MSI, the injection kickers MKI and several sets of collimators and masks for protection of LHC equipment and experiments. The LHC beam dumping system is located in the LHC tunnel in point 6 and in the specially built TD tunnels and UD caverns, and comprises extraction kickers MKD, extraction septa MSD, dilution kickers MKB and the absorber block TDE, together with collimators and masks for machine protection purposes. The injection and extraction processes and system hardware are briefly reviewed. For both systems, the interfaces to the surrounding LHC equipment are described, together with specific issues for other services, in particular vacuum. The requirements and schedule for installation and hardware commissioning are presented.

The LHC injection and beam dumping systems

B.Goddard, AB/BT

With contributions from :

L.Bruno, E.Carlier, L.Ducimetiere, D.Gerard, L.Jensen, J.M.Jimenez, O.R.Jones, V.Mertens, J.Uythoven, J.Wenninger, W.Weterings.

Outline

• For both systems…– Generalities, layout– The injection/extraction process– Equipment subsystems– General issues– Interfaces– Commissioning requirements– Schedule

• Summary

LHC Injection systems

The injection process H

V

12 mrad

1.24 mrad

0.39 mrad

Q5 Septum (H)Kicker (V)

LHC orbit

LHC orbit

Require:

< 1s rise time (gap between SPS injections),

<3 s fall time (abort gap),

8 s flat-top length (1 SPS batch)

Layout (point 8)

5 x MSI septa4 x MKI kickers

TCDD absorber

TDI collimator

Injection septum MSI

• 5 units of 2 types per injection• 4 m unit length• Total of 12 mrad (H)• ~DC during injection• Circ. chamber : Cu + metal screen,

baked to 250ºC.

• Issues:– Inj. chamber positioning– Aperture for injected beam/

septum protection (TCDI)– Vacuum interconnect details

Magnet coil

Circulating beamVacuum chamber

Laminated yoke

Extracted beamVacuum chamber

Status: Magnets series 100% complete ?? Vacuum chamber – prototype OK

Injection kicker MKI

• 4 units per injection• Total of 0.85 mrad (V)• 2.65 m unit length• 0.9 / 3.0 s rise / fall time• Metallized ceramic vacuum chamber• Issues

– Flashover failure (1 ‘dangerous’ per ~10Y…)

Prototype in recuperated ZL tank

Status: Prototyping completed (Mag.+Gen.) Magnets series ~20% complete Generators series ~60% complete Transmission lines ~10% complete

TDI collimator

• Setting - ±10 y (~ ±5 mm)• 4m jaw length – in recuperated ZL tank• < 300 m non-flatness• Materials – hBN, Al, Cu

• Issues:– Bakeout + beam screen– Loading at injection (OP scenarios)– hBN properties after irradiation

Status: Conceptual design completed Prototyping of subassemblies ongoing

TCDD absorber

• ~35 x 60 mm (V, H)• Setting ±10 x,y • 1m Cu jaw length• Protects D1 from damage / quench• Still in conceptual design phase

• Issues– Fixed / movable jaws? (larger in IP8)– Finalise requirements

Status: Conceptual design ongoing

Beam instrumentation (IP 8)

BPMBTV (OTR)BCTBLM

Status: Standard LHC items – progress OK

System specific issues remaining

– Injection collimation system to be finalized (machine protection, collimators, performance);

– Injection system (+ LTI) failure modes to be quantified (define LHC collimator loading at injection);

– Overall injection oscillations (1.5 s budget) to be quantified (including SPS and transfer lines);

– Detailed integration with ICL/MIWG

– Details of installation sequencing / schedule with EST/IC

– HW commissioning aspects with EST/IC & HCWG

– Beam commissioning (sector test?) aspects with AB/OP & LHC-OP

Interfaces• Circulating beam vacuum (BI, MSI, MKI, TDI, TCDD)

• Injection line vacuum (BI, MSI)

• Machine Protection (BIC);

• SPS (injection sequences, interlocks);

• PO (magnet powering);

• CV (MKI, MSI cooling)

• RF (Revolution Frequency);

• Controls system (settings, alarms, timing, postmortem, logging, …);

• Safety (fire detection, access);

• Collimators (interdependence of settings with TCDI, TDI);

HW commissioning requirements– General services (cooling water, ventilation, power,

emergency stops, phones,…)– All equipment installed and individually tested– Sufficient test time in schedule;– Controlled access conditions (tunnel + galleries);– Other systems operational:

• Vacuum;• Machine Interlock (beam permit);• Controls (ethernet, pre-pulse, timing, control room s/w, trims,

alarms, logging, post-mortem, sequencer, …);• Connection to dump kickers (via BIC + direct);

Schedule required dates as a function of main LHC milestones (rev 1.7)

Injection point 8 (UA87): • Hardware installation completed Q4 – 2005• Hardware commissioning Q1 – 2006 with sector 8.1• Sector test and injection test (?) Q2 – 2006

Injection point 2 (UA23): • Hardware installation completed Q3 – 2006• Hardware commissioning in Q1 – 2007 with sector 1.2 and TI 2

LHC Beam Dumping system

40 m

Schematic layout

TCDQ

Total length :

975m from MKD to TDE

15 x MSD septa 15 x MKD kickers

TCDS protection

10 x MKB kickers

TCDQ protection

TDE dump block

The extraction process

V2.4 mrad

0.06 mrad

Q4 Kicker (H)Septum (V)

LHC orbit

H

0.33 mrad

LHC orbit

Require:

<3 s extraction kicker rise time (abort gap),

>89 s extraction kicker flat-top length (full LHC turn)

Extraction kicker MKD

Strip-wound Core

Conductor

Ceramic vacuumchamber

• 15 units per beam• Total of 0.27 mrad (H)• Generators : redundancy, retriggering, self-diagnostics• Impedance : metallized ceramic vacuum chamber

• Issues:– Failure rates (missing, pre-triggering)

Prototype magnet

Status: Small prototype tested OK (M+G) Magnet series at ~20% Generator series at ~20% Transmission lines at ~10%

Extraction septum MSD

Magnet coil

Laminated yoke

Extracted beamVacuum chamber

Circulating beamVacuum chamber

• 15 units (3 types) per beam• Total of 2.4 mrad (V)• Circ. Chamber to 250ºC• Issues:

– Aperture for circ / extr beam (investigating larger circ. chamber in MSDC, ±4 mm orbit interlock)

– Reworking of connection boxes (QRL interference)

– Details of vac. interconnects

Status: Magnet prototypes tested OK Magnet series ~60% complete Vacuum chamber prototyping

Dilution kickers MKB

Vacuum Tank

Strip Wound Core

Conductor

• 10 units per beam (4 x H, 6 x V)

• ± 0.28 mrad (H), ± 0.28 mrad (V)

• Reuse MKD technology

• Issues:

– Staged installation (4/10 units) limits LHC intensity to 50% (for ~2 years after green light)

Status: M+G detailed design in progress Transmission line series at ~10%

Dump core TDE• 7m long C / C-C TDE in steel shrink-cylinder, followed by 1m Al, 2m Fe

• ~1000 T of concrete shielding

• Issues:

- Containment (N2 overpressure, possible additional TD

diluter?)- No water-cooling (staged) limits

power deposition

Status: Concrete shielding finished TDE detailed design completed First TDE unit being assembled Ancillary equipment design ongoing

Protection elements TCDS/TCDQIP6

131.7 40.1 121.1 37.6 12.6

361.6

19.4

To TDE

To cleaningsystem

To TDEAfter 1 turn

To TCDS To TCDQ

Sweep

TCDS MSD MKB TCDQ Q4MKD Q4

• TCDS – 6m fixed diluter, C, C-C, AlN, Ti• TCDQ – 9.5m mobile diluter, C, Al

• Issues: - Vacuum + impedance issues with C, AlN - TCDQ interdependence with collimators, MP

Status: TCDS detailed design started TCDQ in conceptual design phase

Beam instrumentation

Plus – 2 BCTs per line at MKB – 4 screens (OTR) per line at MSD, MKB, (TD), TDE

Status: FS being finalized (mostly standard LHC items except large BTVs and electronics for dedicated position interlock BPMs).

BLMs

BPM

Position Interlock BPM

Extracted beam (TD) vacuum pipe

Status: ES being finalized Integration studies started System be built under Indian collaboration agreement

• ~640m long

• 110/2 mm -> 610/6.3 mm

– Overall reliability analysis

– Energy tracking of MKD, MSD, MKB

– MSD aperture

– Machine protection (TCDQ settings, additional interlock BPM functionality)

– Loading of collimators (asynchronous dump)

– Detailed integration with ICL/MIWG

– Details of installation sequencing / schedule with EST/IC

– HW commissioning aspects with EST/IC & HCWG

– Beam commissioning aspects with AB/OP & LHC-OP

System specific issues remaining

Interfaces

• Circulating beam vacuum (BI, MKD, MSD, TCDS, TCDQ)• Extraction line vacuum (BI, MSD, MKB, TD62/8, TDE)• Machine Protection (BIC);• PO (magnet powering, DCCTs for Beam Energy Meter);• CV (TCDS, TCDQ, TDE, MSD cooling, TD/UD ventilation)• RF (Revolution Frequency and abort gap synchronisation);• Controls system (settings, alarms, timing, postmortem,

logging, …);• Safety (fire detection, access, Emergency stops);• Collimators (interdependence of settings with TCDQ);

HW commissioning requirements– General services (cooling water, ventilation, power,

emergency stops, phones, …)– All equipment installed and individually tested– Sufficient test time in schedule;– Controlled access conditions (tunnel + galleries);– Other systems operational:

• Vacuum;• Machine Interlock (beam permit);• Beam Energy Meter;• Controls (ethernet, pre-pulse, timing, control room s/w, trims,

alarms, logging, post-mortem, sequencer, …);• Connection to injection kickers (via BIC + direct);

Beam Dumping System UA63, TD62 tunnel, UD62: • Hardware installation completed Q2 – 2006 • Hardware commissioning in Q3 – 2006, with sector 5.6

Beam Dumping System UA67, TD68 tunnel, UD68: • Hardware installation completed Q3 – 2006 • Hardware commissioning in Q4 – 2006, with sector 6.7

 The Beam Dumping System also needs to have a “reliability run” (system validation, check failure/availability predictions, debugging of system, INB, …). For this run the system will have to be connected in their proper operational way: UA63 to TD68, UA67 to TD62.

• Period foreseen: Q1 – 2007 (together with HC sector 1.2.)• Estimated time required for a useful reliability run: 3 months.

Schedule required dates as a function of main LHC milestones (rev 1.7)

ConclusionsInjection system

• Hardware production on schedule for main LHC milestones• Outstanding issues include

- Some collimation and machine protection aspects- TCDD conceptual design to be finalised- Detailed interaction with LHC collimators- Installation, h/w and beam commissioning aspects

Beam dumping system• Hardware production on schedule for main LHC milestones• Outstanding issues include

- Reliability analysis and details of dedicated reliability run- TCDQ conceptual design to be finalised- Detailed interaction with LHC collimators- Installation, h/w and beam commissioning aspects