THE LIFE + TRUST PROJECT THE LIFE + TRUST PROJECT FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS IMPACTS ON THE VENETO – FRIULI WATER SYSTEM ON THE VENETO – FRIULI WATER SYSTEM WITH SPECIFIC BALANCE TOOL WITH SPECIFIC BALANCE TOOL (North East Italy) (North East Italy) SPEAKER : Eng. Francesco BARUFFI (francesco.baruffi@adbve.it) Alto Adriatico River Basin Authority, Dorsoduro 3593, Venice, Italy Session 2 - Roundtable 1 QUANTITY MANAGEMENT: WATER SCARCITY AND FLOOD PROTECTION Bruxelles, 29 – 30 September 2011 “2nd Water Science meets Policy” Event IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WFD: IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WFD: WHEN ECOSYSTEM SERVICES COME INTO PLAY WHEN ECOSYSTEM SERVICES COME INTO PLAY
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THE LIFE + TRUST PROJECT THE LIFE + TRUST PROJECT FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
ON THE VENETO – FRIULI WATER SYSTEM ON THE VENETO – FRIULI WATER SYSTEM WITH SPECIFIC BALANCE TOOL WITH SPECIFIC BALANCE TOOL
(North East Italy)(North East Italy)
SPEAKER: Eng. Francesco BARUFFI ([email protected])Alto Adriatico River Basin Authority, Dorsoduro 3593, Venice, Italy
Session 2 - Roundtable 1QUANTITY MANAGEMENT: WATER SCARCITY AND FLOOD PROTECTION
Bruxelles, 29 – 30 September 2011“2nd Water Science meets Policy” EventIMPLEMENTATION OF THE WFD: IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WFD: WHEN ECOSYSTEM SERVICES COME INTO PLAYWHEN ECOSYSTEM SERVICES COME INTO PLAY
BENEFICIARY AND COORDINATOR:BENEFICIARY AND COORDINATOR: Alto Adriatico River Basin AuthorityAlto Adriatico River Basin Authority
PARTNERS:PARTNERS: European-Mediterranean Center for Climate Change (CMCC)European-Mediterranean Center for Climate Change (CMCC) SGI Studio Galli Ingegneria S.p.A. (SGISGI Studio Galli Ingegneria S.p.A. (SGI) )
www.lifetrust.itwww.lifetrust.it
PROJECT FUNDED BY:PROJECT FUNDED BY:EUROPEAN COMMISSIONEUROPEAN COMMISSION under the LIFE+ Program 2007
CO-FUNDED BY:CO-FUNDED BY: Ministry for the Environment and the Land Ministry for the Environment and the Land and the Seaand the Sea
THE TRUST PROJECT THE TRUST PROJECT (01.2009 / 12.2011)(01.2009 / 12.2011)
Art.4 WFD 2000/60/CE:“Member States shall protect, enhance and restore all bodies of groundwater, ensure a balance between abstraction and recharge of groundwater, with the aim of achieving good groundwater status”
ISSUES:ISSUES: Groundwater exploitation for agricultural and industrial uses Significant lowering of groundwater levels and artesian depressurisation
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:GENERAL OBJECTIVES: Incorporate climate change scenarios in the River Basin
Management in accordance with WFD 2000/60/CE Examine issues related to the development of water
management strategies at River Basin scale (WFD) in relation to the CC scenarios
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: Develop a database able to characterize the groundwater (and the related water balance
terms) at a regional scale Assess the possible negative impacts on the Veneto-Friuli plain aquifers, in relation to
specific climate change scenarios Purpose adaptation measures
Develop tools and methods for introducing solutions MAR (Managed Aquifer Recharge) for the enhancement of groundwater in Veneto-Friuli Plain at River Basin scale
1. geoelectrical surveys in order to assess the infiltration rate of water
2. campaigns of infiltration’s measures in natural riverbeds
3. on site experimentation of groundwater artificial recharge in irrigated agricultural areas
The watering of the experimental AFI area took place generally during non-irrigating periods, using the existing irrigation water conveyance systems (ditches, underground pipelines).
BENEFICIARY: BENEFICIARY: Water balanceWater balance
and anthropic system and anthropic system (resource use sustainability)(resource use sustainability)
1)1) INFILTRATION AND GROUNDWATER RECHARGEINFILTRATION AND GROUNDWATER RECHARGE… a few numbers …
Logline system density: 1500 m/ha Loglines and channels: 70 – 80 cm depth; 50 cm wide at bottom Soil permeability (k): 10-4 m/s Water flow infiltration rate: 20-50 l/sec/hectare System working days: 180 (September to April period)
A.F.I. FIELDS A.F.I. FIELDS BENEFITSBENEFITS : : WHICH? TO WHO? WHICH? TO WHO? 1/51/5
On an estimation of On an estimation of available 100 hectaresavailable 100 hectares, , it can be obtained an it can be obtained an
infiltration potential ofinfiltration potential of 50 million cubic meters / year50 million cubic meters / year
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A.F.I. FIELDS A.F.I. FIELDS BENEFITSBENEFITS : : WHICH? TO WHOM? WHICH? TO WHOM? 2/52/5
BENEFICIARY: BENEFICIARY: Water Water
environmental environmental statusstatus
2)2) REMOVAL OF NUTRIENTS FROM WATERSREMOVAL OF NUTRIENTS FROM WATERSactivity performed by the root systems and by microbial communitiesthe infiltrating water directly benefits from these underground systems See operational principle of buffer strips
A.F.I. FIELDS A.F.I. FIELDS BENEFITSBENEFITS : : WHICH? TO WHOM? WHICH? TO WHOM? 3/53/5
BENEFICIARY BENEFICIARY Farmer and biogas producerFarmer and biogas producer
(lower costs for effluents (lower costs for effluents disposal)disposal)
3)3) NUTRIENT REDUCTIONS IN NUTRIENT REDUCTIONS IN BIOGAS PLANTS’S EFFLUENTS BIOGAS PLANTS’S EFFLUENTS (DIGESTED)(DIGESTED)activity performed by root systems and microbial communities after the preliminary shedding/burying (between rows) of anaerobic digestion wastewaters
Photos have been furnished by: “Progetto Riduca Reflui”
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A.F.I. FIELDS A.F.I. FIELDS BENEFITSBENEFITS : : WHICH? TO WHOM? WHICH? TO WHOM? 4/54/5
4)4) PRODUCTION OF WOODY BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF WOODY BIOMASS (WOOD CHIPS)(WOOD CHIPS)various arboreal species tested(white willow, black alder, sycamore, elm, poplar, Robinia pseudoacacia and/or Paulownia)
Fast growth species favor Fast growth species favor a rapid gain of the a rapid gain of the invested capitalsinvested capitals
BENEFICIARY BENEFICIARY FarmerFarmer
producer of woody producer of woody chips chips
generating incomesgenerating incomes
A.F.I. FIELDS A.F.I. FIELDS BENEFITSBENEFITS : : WHICH? TO WHOM? WHICH? TO WHOM? 5/55/55) … Ecological function of densely wooded areas …5) … Ecological function of densely wooded areas …
generation of a diversity of habitats also in agricultural areas (in the TRUST studied areas otherwise habitat is monotonous)
Consistency with CAP Consistency with CAP agri-environment agri-environment
measuresmeasures
BENEFICIARY BENEFICIARY EnvironmentEnvironment
and and Life qualityLife quality
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PAYMENT FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICES (PES) PAYMENT FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICES (PES) 1/21/2
“… agreement (voluntary and conditioned) between at least one vendor (seller of the service) and
at least one buyer (the beneficiary of the service) about a well-defined environmental service …”
Wunder, 2005
THE PRODUCED SERVICETHE PRODUCED SERVICE
Farmer Company
EnvironmentalBenefits
Support for incomes
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Production costs of woody chips Bio-Grinder Mechanical digger
HOURLY TOTAL COST€/h
8,81 13,4422,26
TOTAL COST for metric ton
€/t
6,12 9,34
15,46
Woody Chips Marketing
CostEuro each Metric Ton
25-90 €/t Average price 50 €/t
Net Pay-off 38 €/t
PAYMENT FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICES (PES) PAYMENT FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICES (PES) 2/22/2
PRODUCTION COST OF WOODY CHIPSPRODUCTION COST OF WOODY CHIPS
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Assuming to extend the AFI fields to all the suitable areas in the Assuming to extend the AFI fields to all the suitable areas in the Brenta Brenta ConsortiumConsortium (about 100 hectares) … (about 100 hectares) … The potential benefits in terms of groundwater recharge and chips revenues can be computed:
Annual volume of water recharge in a virtual AFI:Annual volume of water recharge in a virtual AFI:0,030 m3/sec * 200 days * 86.400 sec/day * 100 ha = Over than 50 millions of mOver than 50 millions of m33
Annual potential revenue for chips selling:Annual potential revenue for chips selling:16 t/ha * 38 €/t = Average profitability of about 600 €/haAverage profitability of about 600 €/ha
… … about 60.000 € for 100 ha …
PES & AFI FIELDS:PES & AFI FIELDS: POSSIBLE APPLICATION POSSIBLE APPLICATION 1/31/3
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Assuming a representative scenario of the Assuming a representative scenario of the locallocal and and recent (2008-2010)recent (2008-2010) profitability …profitability …presently Corn for ensilage has a profitability of about 1200 €/ha, and it is necessary to balance the profits of the seller with an income support:
1000 €1000 € /ha /ha
The costs of the setting up and the management of the AFI fields is entitled in charge to the Consortium
The seller, moreover, continues to receive the contribution of the Common Agricultural Policy as the AFI is similar to short rotation coppice with a payback period of less than 10 years
PES & AFI FIELDS:PES & AFI FIELDS: POSSIBLE APPLICATION POSSIBLE APPLICATION 2/32/3
600 €/ha 600 €/ha for the loss of income usually deriving from the maize sale
400 €/ha 400 €/ha for remuneration for the infiltration service
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Even if adopting the hypothesized scenario, there arecosts not negligible, costs not negligible,
considering that - in relation with on site tests of TRUST Project - the reclamation Consortia has indicated as suitable for artificial recharge
a total surface a total surface 6 times bigger 6 times bigger than the Brenta area,than the Brenta area,allowing allowing AFI AFI - recharge water volumes of - recharge water volumes of about 10%about 10% of of naturalnatural volumes volumes
infiltrated infiltrated in the Trust areain the Trust area..The virtual benefits of this PES could reach much higher values and could have sure benefits and interests also for
the the environmentalenvironmental, , economiceconomic and and socialsocial system system
WITH THE SUITABLE RECHARGE AREAS:WITH THE SUITABLE RECHARGE AREAS:
The benefits linked to the nutrients reduction and the utilization of effluents from biogas production plants have not a secondary
relevance, but turn out to be more hardly quantified and need more detailed economic analyses (not yet completed).
PES & AFI FIELDS:PES & AFI FIELDS: POSSIBLE APPLICATION POSSIBLE APPLICATION 3/3 3/3
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In conclusion the present assessment of “PES” is very simplistic, but it results extremely useful and significant, having furthermore fundamental requirements:
It is voluntary, It concerns a well-defined environmental service, The service is purchased by a consumer, The service is sold by a producer, The service ensures continuity of supply.
(Wunder 2005; Engel et altri 2008)
PES & AFI FIELDS: PES & AFI FIELDS: FINAL CONSIDERATIONS FINAL CONSIDERATIONS 1/21/2
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IN STUDY / TO BE IMPLEMENTED ISSUESIN STUDY / TO BE IMPLEMENTED ISSUESfor a comprehensive assessment of sustainability of this PES, these
aspects need to be evaluated further:
1. Contribution of rivers to natural recharge of groundwaters,
2. Sustainability of water resource actual exploitation, starting from the economic sector, in the light of climate change scenarios and also considering future water-drawals for public waterworks,
3. Availability of agriculture world to adapt to these proposals.
PES & AFI FIELDS: PES & AFI FIELDS: FINAL CONSIDERATIONS FINAL CONSIDERATIONS 2/22/2
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We thank for the collaboration in the Project TRUST, in We thank for the collaboration in the Project TRUST, in particular these 3 reclamation Consortia:particular these 3 reclamation Consortia:
