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The Main Objectives of the Unit:
Indirect questionsQuestions tagsVerbs and nouns that go together, idioms
Indirect QuestionsUSES
1-Indirect questions have the same order as the positive and there is no do/ does/ did.Tom Lives in California. Do you know where Tom lives?NOT Do you know where does Tom live?2- We often make direct questions into indirect questions to make them sound ‘softer’ or more polite. Direct question:What time do the banks close?Indirect question:Could you tell me what time the banks close?
Direct questions Indirect questions
Question words: Who: Who is that man? Whom: To whom did you talked to yesterday? Which: Which does she like, milk or wine? What: What have you finished? Where: Where will Mary spend on holiday? When: When did the children go to bed? How: How could they do that?
Question with question word
Introductory phrase
Could you tell me Do you know Do you happen to know Have you got any idea Do you remember Would you mind telling me
? …
Introductory phrase
I don’t know I wonder I can’t remember I have no idea I’d like to know I’m not sure
. …
Direct questions Indirect questionsQuestion with question word
What time did the train leave?
She wonders what time the train leaved.
Introductory phrase + wh-word + positive statement
When will Susan arrive?
Could you tell me when Susan will arrive?
Direct questions indirect questionsQuestion without question word
Are they in the garden?
Do you knowif
they are in the garden?whether
Did he break the vase?
Mom wants to know if the vase.he brokewhether
Direct questions indirect questions
In general
Introductory phrase
wh-word
+ if +
whether
Positive statement
When do we use indirect question?
To make the questions sound “softer” or more polite Did you use my pen?
vs. I’d like to know whether you used my pen. What does he want?
vs. Would you mind telling me what he wants? Have you finish your work?
vs. I wonder if you have finished your work.
USE
A question tag is a short question at the end of a statement:
He won the prize, didn’t he?
question tag
We use question tags when we want to check if information is correct.
FORM1- NEGATIVE QUESTION TAG:
If the sentence is positive, the question tag is negative:
You have seen that film, haven’t you?
+ -
2- POSITIVE QUESTION TAG:
If the sentence is negative, the question tag is positive:You haven’t seen that film, have you? - +
If the sentence contains a negative word (never, hardly…) the question tag is positive: Ann never goes anywhere, does she? - +
FORM3. Questions tags consist of …
AUXILIARY VERB + PRONOUN:
I shouldn’t laugh, should I?
Sarah was winning,wasn’t she?
We use the auxiliary verb that is used in the previous sentence. If there is no auxiliary verb, se use “do/does” (present tense) and “did” (past tense):
You live near here, don’t you?
You turned left, didn’t you?
The pronoun refers to the subject of the previous sentence.
FORM4. Some verbs form question tags differently:
I am aren’t I?
I’m helpful, aren’t I?
There is isn’t there?
There is a chemist’s near here, isn’t there?
There are aren’t there?
There are many shops in the area, aren’t there?
This is / That is isn’t it?
That’s your wife over there, isn’t it?
FORM5. When we answer question tags, we often use short answers:
A: You are French, aren’t you?
B: Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. SHORT ANSWERS
A: She’s got a dog, hasn’t she?
B: Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t. SHORT ANSWERS
A: You smoke, don’t you?
B: Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. SHORT ANSWERS
FORM6. Intonation:
When we are sure of the answer, the voice goes down in the question tag:
John doesn’t like gold, does he?
The speaker knows John doesn’t like gold.
When we are not sure of the answer, the voice goes up:
They left for Milan, didn’t they?
The speaker doesn’t know if they left for Milan or not.
VOCABULARY
Verbs and nouns that go together.Idioms
VOCABULARY
Verbs and nouns that go together.Idioms
P. 92
P. 92
legs
teeth
hands
mouthtonguebrain eyes
hands
Legs and hands
hands
climbdrop
thinkhold
hit
lickbitekick
pointstare
P. 93
P. 93
1- hold …breath. Means: wait. 2-Hit….roof. Means: get very angry3-kick….habit. Means: leave it. 4- think….twice. Means: think again. 5- kiss….goodbye. Means: accept that you have lost something. 6- drop….a line. Means: keep in contact.