THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM

By: Alec Melville and Casey Kahn

Three Types of Muscle

• Skeletal Muscle- voluntary muscle- controlled voluntarily

• Smooth Muscle- not always contracted- involuntary

• Cardiac Muscle- specialized muscle that makes up the heart

General Function

• controls movement

• maintains posture

• generates heat that is required to maintain a constant body temperature

• circulation of blood throughout body

What makes up the Muscular System?

• muscle fibers and connective tissue

• Tendons- connects muscle to the bone

• Bursae- small sacs filled with fluids, lay between bones and tendons

• Synovial membrane- connective tissue that lines spaces between bone and joints that secrete synovial fluid

• Tendon sheaths- encloses certain tendons, tube shaped, lined with synovial membrane

Works with Circulatory System

• the heart is a muscle that pumps blood throughout the body

Digestive System

• muscles help move food from different “steps” of the digestive system (ex. from the esophagus to the stomach)

• lines organs that are active in the digestive system (ex. lining of the stomach and the intestines)

Respiratory System

• diaphragm- large muscle that helps lungs to inspire and expire

Improving the Muscular System

Resistance Training

• Increases muscle size- builds thicker protein filaments, increases fluid in muscle cells

• Strengthens heart- helps pump blood throughout body more sufficiently

Correct and Good Posture

• helps efficiency of muscles and amount of force required to be efficient

Maintain Normal Weight

• reduces stress and prevents muscle strains

Muscle Diseases • Muscular Dystrophy- genetic- damages fibers-

weakness, decrease in mobility and lack of coordination- no cure- can effect a person at any time of their lives- more then 50,000 Americans suffer from a form of this disease

• Cerebral Palsy- most common congenital disorder (born with it)- caused by brain damage loss of muscle tone- every day tasks are difficult because it impacts posture, balance and motor functions

• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS or “Lou Gehrig’s Disease”)- neurodegenerative disease (affects nerve cells in the brain)- loss of involuntary muscle movement- people with this disease have a hard time breathing, speaking and swallowing- leads to paralyzation and death- 30,000 Americans suffer from this disease

Quiz

1. What are the 3 types of muscle?

2. What are 3 general functions of the muscular system?

3. What is a tendon?

4. How does the muscular system coordinate with the respiratory system?

5. What is a disease that effects the muscular system?

Bibliography

"The Circulatory, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems." The Circulatory. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2014. <http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/lect20.htm>.

"Four Ways to Take Care of the Muscular System." LIVESTRONG.COM. LIVESTRONG.COM, 19 Aug. 2013. Web. 14 Oct. 2014. <http://www.livestrong.com/article/108189-four-care-muscular-system/>.

"HOW MUSCLES WORK WITH OTHER BODY SYSTEMS - THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM." HOW MUSCLES WORK WITH OTHER BODY SYSTEMS - THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2014. <https://sites.google.com/site/kefjmuscles/how-muscles-work-with-other-body-systems>.

"Muscular System." Human Anatomy RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2014. <http://www.mananatomy.com/body-systems/muscular-system>.

Thibodeau, Gary A., and Kevin T. Patton. "Chapter 4 and 7." Structure & Function of the Body. 14th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby, n.d. N. pag. Print.

"THREE TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE - IILyear4." THREE TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE - IILyear4. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2014. <https://sites.google.com/site/iilyear4/three-types-of-muscle-tissue>.