The Nature of Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching

Evi Sofiawati

approach

technique

method

Edward Anthony, 1963

Techniques carry out a method which is consistent with an approach

Edward Anthony, 1963

Simplicity & comprehensiveness to distinguish the underlying theoretical principles and the practices derived

Sufficient attention to the nature of a method itself

REVISION & EXTENSION OF THE ORIGINAL ANTHONY

MODELapproac

hmethod

technique

d e s i g n

procedureA method: theoretically related to an

approach, organizationally determined by a design, & practically realized in procedure

The Nature of Language

APPROACHAPPROACH

Language Learning

1. Process-oriented

2. Condition-

oriented

1. Structural

2. Functional

3. Interactional:

APPROACH: theoretical principles

T H E O R I E S

P R A C T I C E

D E S I G D E S I G NN

The Objectives

The Syllabus

The Types of Activities

The Roles of Learners

The Roles of TeachersThe Role of Instructional Materials

DESIGN: teaching activities from theoretical principles

A C T I V I T I E S

ACTUAL MOMENT-TO-MOMENT TECHNIQUES, PRACTICES, & BEHAVIORS

PROCEDUREPROCEDURE

The Presentation

The Practice

The Feedback

However, this model does not imply that methodological development proceeds neatly from approach, through design, to procedure.

Methods can develop out of any of the three categories.

T H A N K Y O U