The Nazis and Anne Frank: Evil meets a young girl Die Nazis und
Anne Frank: Der B se trefft ein junges Mdchen
Slide 2
Deutschland nach die erste Weltkrieg (Germany after the First
World War) Germany was defeated in 1918 by the principal allied
countries of the United States, the United Kingdom, and France The
Treaty of Versailles (which ended the war) ordered Germany to give
up historic German land and pay $63 billion in damages (about $768
billion today; they finally paid this off in 2010)
Slide 3
Deutschland nach die erste Weltkrieg (Germany after the First
World War) With so many dead and billions of deutsche Marks (German
money) to pay in damages, the War left German society decimated
Money was so worthless in the following years that a train car of
German money couldnt buy a loaf of bread. People were burning it
for fuel.
Slide 4
Deutschland nach die erste Weltkrieg (Germany after the First
World War) Germany tried to reinvent itself by drafting a new
constitution and electing a new president, Paul von Hindenburg No
one was happy with the new government. Conflicts between
Communists, democrats, and those loyal to the old king caused many
problems in the new Germany. Paul von Hindenburg
Slide 5
Ein neues Partei (A New Party) In the 1920s, a new party
emerged in German politics: die Nationalsozialistische Deutsche
Arbeiterpartei (The National Socialist German Workers Party). The
name is so long (even in German) that it was shorted simply to the
Nazi Party It was lead by Adolf Hitler
Slide 6
Die Nazis (The Nazis) Believed in restoring Germany to its
rightful place in the world Blamed all of Germanys problems on the
Treaty of Versailles, which they said had been written by Jews to
humiliate Germany (Jews were a historic scapegoat in European
history)
Slide 7
Die Nazis (The Nazis) Many Germans, upset about living in
poverty and the way their country was headed, decided that the
Nazis with their promises for a better future for Germany were the
answer. Hitler and the Nazis were elected to the Reichstag (the
German government) on January 31, 1933
Slide 8
Deutschland unter der Nazis (Germany under the Nazis)
Immediately, the Nazis began a program to win the German people
completely over to their side. In 1934, the Nazis burned down the
Reichstag building under Hitlers command, and then blamed the fire
on Jews and Communists out to destroy the new German government The
Reichstag began passing laws to discriminate against Jews and
Communists The Reichstag building on fire
Slide 9
Deutschland unter der Nazis (Germany under the Nazis) Hitler
and the Nazis became obsessed with creating a perfect German
society lead by the perfect race: the Germans. To create a perfect
society, all imperfect people had to be disposed of; these groups
included Jews, homosexuals, the mentally handicapped, gypsies,
Jehovahs Witnesses, and anyone who disagreed with Hitler who was
now calling himself Der Fhrer (The Leader)
Slide 10
Die Unerwnschten (The Undesirables) In 1935, the Nazi
government began a program to take mentally handicapped children
and adults and place them in care facilities, where they could be
cared for. This was a cover for what they were really about to do:
euthanize them. Propaganda movies and posters were made to convince
people that these undesirables must be taken out of society. The
name of this Nazi film about mentally handicapped people means Life
without Hope
Slide 11
Die Unerwnschten (The Undesirables) This poster reads: 60,000
Reichsmarks is what this sick man costs the people of society over
the course of his life. We need NEW PEOPLE.
Slide 12
Die Unerwnschten (The Undesirables) Conservative estimates
indicate that at least 5,000 mentally handicapped children alone
were euthanized. The number was probably far higher. This does not
count adults, and certainly does not count the number of adults who
were castrated to keep them from reproducing and spreading their
unfit genes. Soon, Hitlers attention turned from the mentally
handicapped to other biological enemies; namely, the Jews.
Slide 13
Die Juden auf Deutschland (The Jews in Germany) Jews had been a
big part of German society for hundreds of years. However, in 1935,
the Nazis stripped all Jews of their German citizenship. In 1937,
Hitler opened the first Arbeitslager (Work camp or concentration
camp) at Dachau to hold people who disagreed with him or who he
found deplorable. This was the first in a long line of camps that
would lead to the Holocaust. Dachau from the air, 1938
Slide 14
Die Kristallnacht (The Night of Broken Glass) The Nazis agenda
for the Jews of Germany and Austria (which Germany had just
acquired) became clear on November 9-10, 1938. This is now called
die Kristallnacht the Night of Broken Glass Nazi thugs destroyed
Jewish property and mercilessly beat Jews throughout the
country.
Slide 15
Die Deutschen besiegen Europa (The Germans conquer Europe) In
1938-39,Germany began systematically annexing countries or parts of
countries that had high German populations. They completely took
over Austria, and then were given a highly German section of
Czechoslovakia to avoid a war. Hitler took over the rest of
Czechoslovakia shortly afterwards anyway. German troops enter
Vienna, Austria, March 15, 1938
Slide 16
Der Krieg beginnt (The War begins) On September 1, 1939,
Germany invaded Poland. Two days later, the United Kingdom and
France declared war on Germany, thus starting the Second World War.
During 1939-40, the Germans swept across Europe in the famous
Blitzkrieg (Lightning War), taking over Poland, Holland, Belgium,
France, and advancing far into the Soviet Union.
Slide 17
Die Endlsung (The Final Solution) With Germany in control of
much of Europe, Hitler and his staff turned their attention to
ridding the continent of Jews and other biological enemies once and
for all. This was codenamed The Final Solution. The solution
involved rounding up all undesirables and shipping them to
concentration camps such as Auschwitz- Birkenau, Buchenwald,
Dachau, Bergen-Belsen, and Mauthausen, where they would be
exterminated.
Slide 18
Die Endlsung (The Final Solution) Jews were systematically
rounded up into ghettos where they were forced to live in terrible
conditions, often with four or five families living in a single,
small apartment. This was designed to keep all Jews together so
that they could be transported more easily to camps. Photo taken in
the ghetto in Warsaw, Poland
Slide 19
Die Arbeitslagern (The Concentration Camps) Jews were
eventually corralled into concentration camps. These camps had only
one purpose: to exterminate Jews, homosexuals, dissidents, and
other people who were deemed imperfect. Concentration camps were
built in almost every German- controlled territory, especially
those with high Jewish populations (see next slide). The sign above
the gate of this concentration camp reads Arbeit macht frei, which
means, Work will set you free.
Slide 20
Arbeitslagern auf deutsche Lnder (Concentration camps in German
territories)
Slide 21
Tod im Arbeitslagern (Death in the concentration camps) When
prisoners arrived at the camps, they were immediately sorted into
two groups: those fit to work, and those not fit. If you were not
fit to work, your life would end shortly after your arrival. Most
of these were babies, children under 3, the elderly, and those who
were infirm. The most efficient killing technique was the use of
the gas chamber. Gas chamber at Auschwitz
Slide 22
Die Gaskammern (The Gas Chambers) A canister of Zyklon B, the
poison used in the gas chambers. A crematorium at Auschwitz used to
burn the bodies.
Slide 23
Befreiung (Liberation) By April of 1945, as Allied troops began
to penetrate deep into German territory, the camps were beginning
to be discovered. What Allied troops found there was atrocious.
Victims at Dachau, April 1945. Photo taken by the American 101 st
Airborne.
Slide 24
Befreiung (Liberation) Box car filled with bodies. Photo taken
at Dachau by the American 101 st Airborne, April 1945.
Slide 25
Befreiung (Liberation) Womens barracks at Auschwitz. Taken by
Soviet troops, April 1945.
Slide 26
Befreiung (Liberation) Survivors. Taken at Wobbelin. Taken by
the American 82 nd Airborne, April 1945.
Slide 27
Die Ende des Krieges (The End of the War) With Berlin
surrounded, Adolf Hitler committed suicide on April 30, 1945.
Berlin was overrun by the Soviets two days later. Nazi Germany
surrended completely on May 9, 1945, thus ending the war in Europe.
Soviet troops raise the Soviet flag over the Reichstag, May 2,
1945.
Slide 28
Wer ist Anne Frank? (Who is Anne Frank?) Born June 12, 1929 in
Frankfurt am Main, Germany Parents moved to Amsterdam, the
Netherlands in 1933 the year Hitler was elected. They foresaw the
problems he would create for German-Jewish families like their
own.
Slide 29
Wer ist Anne Frank? (Who is Anne Frank?) When the Nazis overran
Holland in 1940, they immediately began persecuting Dutch Jews as
well. In 1942, when it became clear that Dutch Jews like the Franks
were to be deported to concentration camps, the family hid in an
attic for safety. They hid for four years. This is when Anne began
writing her now famous diary. Annes actual diary as it appears
today.
Slide 30
Wer ist Anne Frank? (Who is Anne Frank?) In 1944, an anonymous
collaborator tipped off local Nazi authorities who stormed the
secret attic the Franks lived in and arrested them. The family was
transported to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in Germany, where
Anne and her sister, Margot, died in 1945. Anne died just three
weeks before the camp was liberated by American troops.
Slide 31
Und jetzt, wir treffen Anne (And now, we meet Anne)
