The New Steel Erection Rule

Developed by

Steel Erection Negotiated Rulemaking Advisory Committee

(SENRAC) in 2001

Occupational Safety and Health Administration29 CFR Part 1926

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Why The New Rules

Common hazards among ironworkers were determined by OSHA after studies of 673 fatalities.

OSHA determined that deaths were largely preventable by engineering & regulatory changes

Steel Erection Final Rule

Published January 18, 2001

Implemented January 18, 2002

Includes exceptions for some provisions

Scope

Covers all employers engaged in steel erection activities

Contains two lists of activities

Primary list (1926.750)(b)1, e.g., rigging, erecting, bolting, bracing, guying, welding, decking…..All are covered.

Ancillary list (1926.750)(b)2, e.g., sealing, caulking, installing insulation, rebar… Covered only “when they occur during Primary List activities”,

Scope (cont’d)

Does not apply to

Electrical transmission towers

Communication and broadcast towers

Tanks

Steel Erection Decision Tree

Is the activity at the jobsite listed in 1926.750(b)(1)?

Yes No

IS the activity listed in .750(b)(2)?

Then this activity IScovered by Subpart R

Yes No

Then you must determine if this is going on in conjunction with (during and a part of) steel

erection activities in (b)(1). A question to ask: Does this (b)(2) activity have to be done for steel erection to continue: If yes, and if doneduring (b)(1) activities, then it is covered by

the standard.

Because it is listed in neither(b)(1) nor (b)(2), it is notcovered by the standard.

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Key Provisions of the Rule703 - Site Layout, Site Specific Erection Plan

& Construction Sequence704 - Hoisting & Rigging706 - Structural Steel Assembly Details707 - Column Anchorage708 - Beams & Columns709 - Open Web Steel Joists711 - Systems Engineered Metal Buildings714 - Falling Object Protection716 - Fall Protection717 - Training

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703 Site Layout, Site-specific Erection Plan & Construction Sequence

Controlling contractor must provide written notification that concrete has attained75% of design strength, orSufficient strength to support the loads

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703 Site Layout, Site-specific Erection Plan & Construction Sequence

Controlling contractor must ensure that adequate access roads are provided and maintained

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703 Site Layout, Site-specific Erection Plan & Construction Sequence

Controlling contractor

must ensure that

adequate layout area

provided and maintained

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703 Site Layout, Site-specific Erection Plan & Construction Sequence

CONTROLLING CONTRACTOR MUST PROVIDEsuitable space storage of materials andsafe hoisting operations

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703 Site Layout, Site-specific Erection Plan & Construction Sequence

All Hoisting Operations Must Be Preplanned To Ensure All “Working Under Loads” Requirements are Met

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703 Site Layout, Site-specific Erection Plan & Construction Sequence

A site-specific erection plan may be developed to provide alternate means to protect employees

Appendix A contains guidelines

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703 Site Layout, Site-specific Erection Plan & Construction Sequence

Steel erection must be done under the supervision of a competent person who is present at the worksite

704 Hoisting & Rigging

Provides additional crane safety for steel erectionMinimizes employee exposure to overhead loads through pre-planning and work practice requirements

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704 Hoisting & Rigging Working under loads

Routes for

suspended loads

must be

preplanned to

avoid

endangering

workers

704 Hoisting & Rigging Crane preshift visual inspection

must be visually inspected by a competent person

• rule gives inspection minimums• deficiencies must be evaluated

immediately• equipment posing a hazard must

be placed out of service• operator has authority to stop

and refuse any loads until safety is assured

704 Hoisting & Rigging When working under loads

materials must be rigged to prevent unintentional displacement

hooks must have self-closing safety latches or equivalent

all loads must be rigged by a qualified rigger

704 Hoisting & Rigging Multiple lift rigging procedure is

allowed only when:

a multiple lift rigging assembly is used

specifically within manufacturer’s specifications & limitations

maximum of 5 members hoisted per lift

only beams & similar structural members are lifted

only trained employees involved

704 Hoisting & RiggingHoisting & Rigging involves

Load Estimates

Sling Selection

Tying Processes

Lifting and Positioning

Releasing Latches and slings

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704 Hoisting & Rigging Multiple lift rigging procedure

Bundles of decking are NOT appropriate for multiple lift.

Even though metal decking meets the definition of structural members

704 Hoisting & Rigging Multiple lift rigging procedure

Controlled load lowering must be used whenever the load is over the connectors

704 Hoisting & Rigging Multiple Lift Rigging Procedure

Components of the multiple lift rigging assembly must be specifically designed and assembled with a maximum capacity for total assembly and for each individual attachment point.

Based on manufacturer’s specifications with a 5 to 1 safety factor on all components

704 Hoisting & Rigging

A qualified rigger must inspect the rigging prior to each shift

704 Hoisting & Rigging Multiple Lift Rigging Procedure

Total load must not exceed

rated capacity as specified in the hoisting equipment load charts andrigging capacity specified in the rigging-rating charts

706 Structural Steel Assembly

Specific Work Practices Hoist deck bundles near girders and columns to reduce deflections and moments

706 Structural Steel Assembly

MinimizeFall hazardsTrip hazards Interior holes/openings Slip hazards

Shear Connectors

706 Structural Steel AssemblyWalking/working surfaces

Elimination of tripping hazards: no shear connectors or other similar devices …until after walking/working surface has been installed

706 Structural Steel AssemblyStructural stability maintained at all times

during the erection process

Multistory structures have permanent floors installed as the erection of structural members progresses within 8 floors of the concrete, Orno more than 4 floors (or 48’) of unfinished bolting or welding above secured floor

706 Structural Steel AssemblyPlumbing up

When deemed necessary by a competent person: Plumbing up equipment must be installed in conjunction with the steel erection process to ensure stability of the structure.

706 Structural Steel AssemblyPlumbing up

When necessary, plumbing up equipment must be in place and properly installed before the structure is loaded with construction material

706 Structural Steel AssemblyPlumbing up

Plumbing up equipment must be removed only with the approval of a competent person

706 Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking

Hoisting, landing & placing of metal decking bundles provisions to prevent “displacement” of decking during handling/storage

706 Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking

Roof & floor holes and openings Must be installed as described:

706 Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking

Covering roof and floor openings

706 Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking

Temporary loads placed on derrick floors must be distributed over the underlying support to prevent local overloading

706 Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking

During installation metal decking panels must be placed to ensure full support by structural members

706 Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking

Derrick floors must be fully decked or planked & connections completed

706 Structural Steel AssemblyMetal Decking

where there are gaps between columns, the “falling objects hazards” must be eliminated

Decking gaps around columns

706 Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking

During installationmetal decking must be laid tightly & immediately secured to prevent movement

707 Column Anchorage

Insufficient column anchorage is a primary cause of column failure and a large contributor to fatalities among ironworkers!

707 Column Anchorage Erection Stability

All columns must be anchored by a minimum of four anchor bolts

•all anchor rod assemblies must meet strength criteria listed in the rule

All columns* must be

anchored by a

minimum of four anchor bolts

707 Column Anchorage Erection Stability

707 Column Anchorage Erection Stability

Columns must be set on level, finished floors pregrouted leveling plates.leveling nuts, or shim packs

All columns must be evaluated by a competent person to determine if guying or bracing is needed.

If guying or bracing is needed, it must be installed

707 Column Anchorage Erection Stability

Anchor rods/bolts must not be repaired, replaced or field modified without approval of the project structural engineer of record

707 Column Anchorage Anchor rods (bolts)

Controlling contractor must provide written notification to the steel erector if there has been any repair, replacement or modification of the anchor rods/bolts

707 Column Anchorage Anchor rods (bolts)

708 Beams & ColumnsFinal Placing of Solid Web Structural

Members

The load must not

be released

until members

are secured with at least 2

bolts per connecti

on

The load must not be released until

members are secured with at least 2 bolts

per connection

Bolts must be

708 Beams & ColumnsFinal placing of solid web structural

members

A competent person

must determine if more

than 2 bolts are needed

708 Beams & ColumnsFinal placing of solid web structural

members

708 Beams & ColumnsDiagonal bracing

Solid web structural members used as diagonal bracing must be secured by at least one bolt per connection Wrench tight or equivalent

708 Beams & Columns Double connections at columns and/or

beam webs over a column

When making connections sharing common connection holes, at least one bolt with its wrench-tight nut must remain connected to the first member

708 Beams & ColumnsColumn Splices

Each column splice must be designed to resist a minimum eccentric gravity load of 300#

708 Beams & Columns Perimeter columns

Must extend a minimum of 48” above the finished floor to permit installation of perimeter safety cables prior to erection of the next tier

708 Beams & ColumnsPerimeter columns

Must have holes or other devices for attaching perimeter cables

709 Open Web Steel Joists

“Open web steel joists must be secured before releasing the load.”

709 Open Web Steel Joists Landing and placing loads

No bundle of decking may be placed on steel joists until all bridging has been installed and anchored and all joist bearing ends attached,

Systems-Engineered Metal Buildings Package Building

Before releasing hoisting

equipment:

Columns

Rigid frames

Falling Object Protection

Provisions that address hazards of falling objects in steel erection

Note: Does not apply to material being hoisted

Falling Object Protection

All materials, equipment, & tools which are not in use while aloft must be secured against accidental displacement

Falling Object Protection

The controlling contractor must bar other construction processes from below steel erection unless overhead protection for the employees below is provided

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Fall Protection

• Must be in accordance with WAC 296-155,– Part C-1 & – Part K