103
The OATS Project Simon Judge MEng
The OATS Project
Simon Judge MEng
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Introduction to the Project
The OATS consortiumMe
OATS motivation and goals
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumACE Centre Advisory Trust Andrew Lysley Jason Walsh Stephen Druce David Colven
Access to Communication and Technology (ACT) Birmingham
Simon JudgeUniversity of Dundee Dept of
ComputingAndy Judson
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumSpecialpedagogiska Instituet
SwedenEive Landin
DART SwedenMats Lundaumllv Bengt Farre
wwwoatsoftorgInfoProjectOatsConsortium
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumOpen Source Volunteers
Steve LeeMark Landeryou
and many others
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
My rolebull Clinical Scientistbull Within specialist NHS Electronic Assistive
Technology (EAT) team in the UKbull Clinical role wide range of client contact (any
age any condition)bull Assess for and provide wide range of EATbull A unique insight into man-machine interaction
and the use of AT devices
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
ACTbull Regional specialist servicebull Multi-Disciplinary team
ndash Speech and Language Therapistsndash Occupational Therapistsndash Clinical Scientistsndash Medical Technical Officersndash Administration
bull One of the biggest EAT teams in the UK
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Technology transfer from research projectsbull Clear goals for research
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Diverse clients require customised software
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Introduction to the Project
The OATS consortiumMe
OATS motivation and goals
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumACE Centre Advisory Trust Andrew Lysley Jason Walsh Stephen Druce David Colven
Access to Communication and Technology (ACT) Birmingham
Simon JudgeUniversity of Dundee Dept of
ComputingAndy Judson
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumSpecialpedagogiska Instituet
SwedenEive Landin
DART SwedenMats Lundaumllv Bengt Farre
wwwoatsoftorgInfoProjectOatsConsortium
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumOpen Source Volunteers
Steve LeeMark Landeryou
and many others
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
My rolebull Clinical Scientistbull Within specialist NHS Electronic Assistive
Technology (EAT) team in the UKbull Clinical role wide range of client contact (any
age any condition)bull Assess for and provide wide range of EATbull A unique insight into man-machine interaction
and the use of AT devices
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
ACTbull Regional specialist servicebull Multi-Disciplinary team
ndash Speech and Language Therapistsndash Occupational Therapistsndash Clinical Scientistsndash Medical Technical Officersndash Administration
bull One of the biggest EAT teams in the UK
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Technology transfer from research projectsbull Clear goals for research
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Diverse clients require customised software
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Introduction to the Project
The OATS consortiumMe
OATS motivation and goals
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumACE Centre Advisory Trust Andrew Lysley Jason Walsh Stephen Druce David Colven
Access to Communication and Technology (ACT) Birmingham
Simon JudgeUniversity of Dundee Dept of
ComputingAndy Judson
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumSpecialpedagogiska Instituet
SwedenEive Landin
DART SwedenMats Lundaumllv Bengt Farre
wwwoatsoftorgInfoProjectOatsConsortium
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumOpen Source Volunteers
Steve LeeMark Landeryou
and many others
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
My rolebull Clinical Scientistbull Within specialist NHS Electronic Assistive
Technology (EAT) team in the UKbull Clinical role wide range of client contact (any
age any condition)bull Assess for and provide wide range of EATbull A unique insight into man-machine interaction
and the use of AT devices
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
ACTbull Regional specialist servicebull Multi-Disciplinary team
ndash Speech and Language Therapistsndash Occupational Therapistsndash Clinical Scientistsndash Medical Technical Officersndash Administration
bull One of the biggest EAT teams in the UK
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Technology transfer from research projectsbull Clear goals for research
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Diverse clients require customised software
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumACE Centre Advisory Trust Andrew Lysley Jason Walsh Stephen Druce David Colven
Access to Communication and Technology (ACT) Birmingham
Simon JudgeUniversity of Dundee Dept of
ComputingAndy Judson
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumSpecialpedagogiska Instituet
SwedenEive Landin
DART SwedenMats Lundaumllv Bengt Farre
wwwoatsoftorgInfoProjectOatsConsortium
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumOpen Source Volunteers
Steve LeeMark Landeryou
and many others
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
My rolebull Clinical Scientistbull Within specialist NHS Electronic Assistive
Technology (EAT) team in the UKbull Clinical role wide range of client contact (any
age any condition)bull Assess for and provide wide range of EATbull A unique insight into man-machine interaction
and the use of AT devices
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
ACTbull Regional specialist servicebull Multi-Disciplinary team
ndash Speech and Language Therapistsndash Occupational Therapistsndash Clinical Scientistsndash Medical Technical Officersndash Administration
bull One of the biggest EAT teams in the UK
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Technology transfer from research projectsbull Clear goals for research
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Diverse clients require customised software
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumSpecialpedagogiska Instituet
SwedenEive Landin
DART SwedenMats Lundaumllv Bengt Farre
wwwoatsoftorgInfoProjectOatsConsortium
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumOpen Source Volunteers
Steve LeeMark Landeryou
and many others
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
My rolebull Clinical Scientistbull Within specialist NHS Electronic Assistive
Technology (EAT) team in the UKbull Clinical role wide range of client contact (any
age any condition)bull Assess for and provide wide range of EATbull A unique insight into man-machine interaction
and the use of AT devices
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
ACTbull Regional specialist servicebull Multi-Disciplinary team
ndash Speech and Language Therapistsndash Occupational Therapistsndash Clinical Scientistsndash Medical Technical Officersndash Administration
bull One of the biggest EAT teams in the UK
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Technology transfer from research projectsbull Clear goals for research
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Diverse clients require customised software
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS ConsortiumOpen Source Volunteers
Steve LeeMark Landeryou
and many others
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
My rolebull Clinical Scientistbull Within specialist NHS Electronic Assistive
Technology (EAT) team in the UKbull Clinical role wide range of client contact (any
age any condition)bull Assess for and provide wide range of EATbull A unique insight into man-machine interaction
and the use of AT devices
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
ACTbull Regional specialist servicebull Multi-Disciplinary team
ndash Speech and Language Therapistsndash Occupational Therapistsndash Clinical Scientistsndash Medical Technical Officersndash Administration
bull One of the biggest EAT teams in the UK
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Technology transfer from research projectsbull Clear goals for research
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Diverse clients require customised software
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
My rolebull Clinical Scientistbull Within specialist NHS Electronic Assistive
Technology (EAT) team in the UKbull Clinical role wide range of client contact (any
age any condition)bull Assess for and provide wide range of EATbull A unique insight into man-machine interaction
and the use of AT devices
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
ACTbull Regional specialist servicebull Multi-Disciplinary team
ndash Speech and Language Therapistsndash Occupational Therapistsndash Clinical Scientistsndash Medical Technical Officersndash Administration
bull One of the biggest EAT teams in the UK
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Technology transfer from research projectsbull Clear goals for research
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Diverse clients require customised software
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
ACTbull Regional specialist servicebull Multi-Disciplinary team
ndash Speech and Language Therapistsndash Occupational Therapistsndash Clinical Scientistsndash Medical Technical Officersndash Administration
bull One of the biggest EAT teams in the UK
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Technology transfer from research projectsbull Clear goals for research
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Diverse clients require customised software
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Technology transfer from research projectsbull Clear goals for research
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Diverse clients require customised software
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Technology transfer from research projectsbull Clear goals for research
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Diverse clients require customised software
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Diverse clients require customised software
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are there any AT standardsbull Are relevant standards from other fields applied
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull Are resources portable across systems bull Are they tied to the software bull Central store
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Project Motivation
Assistive Technology Software
Innovation
Adaptations
Research
Usability
Duplication
Flexibility
Resources
Standards
MainstreamFeedback
bull How close are user amp developerbull Are bugs quickly fixedbull Is software stable
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Project Rationalebull Open Source offers a potential solution to
some or all of these issuesbull The Open Source ethos matches the Assistive
Technology ethosbull Users need a better servicebull This is the future of software (anyway)
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Project Goalsbull To date there has been no concerted effort to
promote and develop Open Source within Assistive Technologyndash The OATS project was set up to investigate
the need and viability of thisbull Deliverable ndash OATSOFTorg website
ndash Resource for users to find softwarendash Somewhere for the OATS community to
livehellipbull Evaluation project ~ 1 year ndash completed in
June 2006
ProjectContext Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Context
Open SourceAssistive Technology Definitions
Users and CharacteristicsDay-to-Day EAT
Trends and Future Directions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
What is Open Source Softwarebull Software
ndash Works like any computer softwarendash Could be written for any operating systemndash Well established over a wide range of applications ndash
from operating systems to mind mapping (eg Linux Apache OpenOffice FreeMind Gimp hellip)
bull Openndash Source code freely availablendash Anyone can change andor share the software freelyndash End-users have the right to modify and redistribute
the software
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Development Model
bull The secret volunteer army Open source software is often developed by lsquovolunteersrsquo
bull Coders enjoy coding on interesting projectsbull Often companies (eg Sun IBM) contribute
coders to projects ndash mutual interestbull Some sectors are dominated by Open Source
ndash most of the internet is built on itbull Universities frequently open source projects
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Open Source Differencesbull Fundamentally different way of doing thingsbull Allows innovation a closer lsquorelationshiprsquo to
the user bull Allows standardisation to develop ndash since the
fundamentals are published and openbull Growing movement
ndash considered by some to be the future of software (eg IBM Sun governmentshellip)
ndash growing in some sectors ndash eg education (SchoolForge) libraries
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Assistive Technology
ldquoAssistive Technology (AT) is any product or service designed to enable independence for
disabled and older people Kings Fund Consultation (14th March 2001)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT)
bull No clear definition of Electronic Assistive Technology (EAT) To derive a definition
ldquoElectronic systems designed to enable independence for disabled and older peoplerdquo
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
The EAT Spectrumbull These are very medical definitionsbull In its broadest sense EAT is relevant to all of
usbull EAT is one end of the lsquoUsabilityrsquo spectrumbull There should be cross over with lsquoMainstreamrsquo
ndash Eg symbian phone OS voice featurendash Voicing of MP3 player controlsndash Disambiguation
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Using EATbull People with many different conditions that
make use of EAT eg ndash Motor Neurone Diseasendash Multiple Sclerosisndash Cerebral palsyndash Muscular Distrophyhellip
bull Mobility impairments communication problems learning difficulties cognitive problems sensory impairmentsndash all impact on control of technology
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Mobility problemsFor example consider access for someone with
mobility impairmentshellip There is a spectrum of input
Input Bandwidth
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who have not learnt to read
ndash possibly due to physical andor communication difficultiesndash Symbols can support or replace their
receptive andor expressive language
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Communication Problemsbull Consider people who can not talk or have
difficulties talkingndash Alternative methods of communication are
needed for them to express themselves
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Learning and Cognitive Difficulties
bull Consider someone who has difficulty understanding information presented to themndash Clearly presented information may make it
more accessiblendash Symbols or graphics may support their
readingbull Consider someone who has problems with
memoryndash Technology can help to record and recall
information
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Sensory Impairmentsbull Consider someone with a visual impairment
ndash Alternative methods of presenting information can support access eg screen readers Braille readers
bull Consider someone who is deaf-blind ndash The Kinaesthetic channel is the only
method of reception or expression
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Day to Day EATbull Electronic Assistive Technology aims to
overcome some of these problemsbull EAT devices fall into a number of categories
includingndash Alternative and Augmentative
Communicationndash Environmental Controlndash Computer Access
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)
bull Allows someone who can not speak or has communication problems to communicate
bull A range of solutionsndash Paper basedndash Dedicated devicesndash PC based software
bull Voice Output Communication Aids are devices which provide a voice output ndash can be a synthesised or recorded voice
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Environmental Controlbull Allows a user to control equipment around
thembull Eg
ndash Phonendash Lightsndash Pager and other attention callingndash TV etchellip
bull Generally custom dedicated units
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Computer Accessbull Allows people who struggle with conventional
interfaces to fully control the PCbull Includes
ndash specialised peripherals (input or output)ndash software based solutions
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Trends in EATbull Most original EAT devices were lsquodedicatedrsquobull More modern devices are still dedicated but
increasingly based on an operating systembull Now many devices are based on an
operating system and also expose the operating system to the user
bull Difference in AACEC ndash EC has more dedicated devices (potential for risk situations)
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Consumer electronicsbull Smaller-faster-better approach to consumer
electronics ndash spin off is devices that are appropriate for EATndash Modularisation ruggedisation
miniaturisation increased battery life etchellip bull Same characteristics that provides potential
for personal User Interfacesbull Consider pocket PCs or tablets (and compare
to 5 years ago)bull Danger that accessibility is not considered
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Axel
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Case Studies Brenda
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Health Warningbull EAT offers great potential for many people
butndash Each person is different and the
environment and motivation is almost always the most important factor
ndash EAT is not the holy grail ndash lots of other things are often more important
ndash Technology take-up is not necessarily related to need bull Eg gerontology research wealth is
relevant age is not
ProjectContext
Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Software
Structure of SoftwareEAT software examples
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Structure of EAT SoftwareIn an engineering sense
ndashInputndashProcessingndashOutput
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Inputbull Restricted mobility implies restricted input
lsquobandwidthrsquobull Equipment can improve access (eg
alternative keyboardsmice)bull Software can also allow access at the very
lowest level of bandwidthbull How Switchinghellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Input Switchingbull At the lower end of bandwidth we only have 1
bit of informationhellip how do we use this usefully
bull Introduce timeDEMO
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Input Bandwidth - Switching
Input Bandwidth
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Processingbull With a low-bandwidth lsquosignalrsquo you need to
make it work hardbull Techniques and methods to improve output
speed by processingndash Predictionndash Disambiguation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Outputbull Make the information do something useful
ndash Talkndash Typendash TextEmailndash Control Environmentndash Move mousendash hellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Text based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Symbol based communication
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Examples ndash AT Softwarebull Computer control
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Mainstream AT softwarebull Some software could be considered to be
lsquomainstreamrsquo AT software ndash software that is applicable to people with disabilities but developed for other reasonshellip egndash Voice Recognition (Dragon ViaVoice)ndash Quikwriting and other PDA input methodsndash Disambiguation (mobile phone prediction)ndash Magnification tools (almost)
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Other EAT issues
EAT ContextComputer Accessibility
Usability and HCI
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
EAT Contextbull EAT is or should be related to
ndash Accessibility (eg W3C WAI etc)ndash Usabilityndash Human Computer Interaction
bull Cognitive Science Psychology Human Factors etc
bull And may sometimes be called or related tondash Biomedical Engineering
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Computer AccessibilityAs well as specific EAT software there are a
range of things that happen in mainstream software and operating systems
bull Operating system accessibilitybull Program specific accessibilitybull Content accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Operating System Accessibilitybull Control characteristics of the input and
displaybull How the operating system lsquoexposesrsquo controls
is importantbull Some operating systems are better at this
than others and may have additional accessibility tools
bull Windows have now integrated their accessibility model with UI automation
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Windows Accessibilitybull Mouse settings
ndash Speed cursor click speed hellipbull Keyboard settings
ndash Repeat rate repeat delay hellipbull Visual settings
ndash Size font colours contrast screen sizehellipbull Accessibility tools
ndash Mouse keys narrator magnifier sound sentryhellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibilitybull Software needs to take on the characteristics
set at the OS level (eg appearance etc)bull Needs to provide multi-modal input where
possible (eg keyboard shortcuts)bull Usability and Accessibility are particularly
vague at this level
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Software Accessibility Examplebull Firefox
ndash Tabbed browsingndash Search in page on typingndash Tabbed linksndash Good use of style sheets
bull All these features make for good usabilitybull They also make for good accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Content Accessibilitybull Some (most) software also has lsquocontentrsquobull This also needs to be accessible for example
ndash Accessible to someone with a learning difficulty
ndash Accessible to non-english speakersndash Accessible to people with visual
impairements
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibilitybull An interesting example of content
accessibility issuesbull Content is provided by many different people
(through websites)bull Content is coded into html or otherbull How do you ensure accessibility You donrsquotbull Standards and techniques to aid accessibility
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Web Accessibility ndash Concept Coding
bull Example of an (AT) standard that could improve accessibility (using mainstream technology)
bull Proposed that symbols are coded according to their concept
bull Conceptual tree provided by word-netbull Allows lsquotranslationrsquo between symbol setsbull Allows display of symbols from textbull Problems with licensing
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Usability amp AccessibilityUsability ldquoThe effectiveness efficiency and
satisfaction with which specified users achieved specified goals in particular
environmentsrdquoISO 9241
Accessibility ldquoUsability of a product service environment or facility by people
with the widest range of capabilitiesrdquoISO 16071
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
lsquoThe Design of Everyday ThingsrsquoDesign shouldbull Make it easy to determine what actions are possible at
any moment (make use of constraints)bull Make things visible including the conceptual model of
the system the alternative actions and the results of the actions
bull Make it easy to evaluate the current state of the systembull Follow natural mappings between the intentions and the
required actions between actions and the resulting effect and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state
lsquoThe Design of Everyday thingsrsquo Don Norman 1988
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
HCIbull Assistive Technology is not formally or
informally related to Human Computer Interaction field
bull Many models theories and techniques that could be applied across the fields
bull Eg Model Human Processor and other GOMS models
bull Fitts law Power law of practicehellip
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Divergent Fieldsbull Usability Accessibility and HCI
ndash Not formally or informally related to Assistive Technology (yet)
ndash Assistive Technology software can be notoriously un-usable
ndash Can FLOSS encourage this cross-over
Project ContextSoftware
OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
The OATS website
User GroupsDesign Considerations
ImplementationWebsite Walkthrough
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Usersbull Simple portal for finding and downloading
softwarebull Unique opportunity to contribute directly to
development of softwarebull Opportunity to commentvote on AT software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Developersbull Exciting and interesting projectsbull Unique client contactbull Context of other projectsbull Access to information on Assistive Technologybull Excellent open source tools
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Professionalsbull AT professionals have a unique insight into
userrsquos needs and have lots of ideasbull Researchers research into relevant areas to
AT (but maybe not called lsquoATrsquo)ndash OATS offers the opportunity to connect
the two
bull Allows customisation to meet individual clientrsquos needs
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Catering for some very different groups of
users ndash end users developers and professionalsndash lsquoPartitionrsquo sitendash Same core data presented differentlyndash Different additional dataresources as
appropriatebull Accessibility obviously important
ndash WAI compliancendash Iconsndash Simple navigation and download
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Considerationsbull Community development
ndash Encourage users to feedbackndash Encourage professionals to input
knowledgendash Encourage developers to contribute code
bull Sustainabilityndash Allow anyone to contribute software listingsndash Allow anyone to create content
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Implementationbull Content Management System - PLONE
ndash Open Source (obviously)ndash Good Accessibility lsquoout of the boxrsquondash Support for multiple languages
bull OATS team developed sitendash Custom library componentndash Based on existing library componentndash Site can be entirely and flexibly customised
using the PLONE framework
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Two parts
ndash Repository (Library) help users find software easily
ndash Forge (Dating agency) tools for developing open source software
The only website dedicated to Open Source Assistive Technology software
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorgbull Launched in
April 2006
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Librarybull Easy searchbull Browse by typebull Browse by needbull Advanced
search
Includes free software as well as open source
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Search Resultsbull Simple
Summarybull Download Link
(3 clicks to here)bull More Infohellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Project Listingbull lsquoAmazonesqersquobull Full project infobull Further resourcesbull Download linkbull Access to previous download versions
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
bull Community development
bull Content developmentndash contribute feature requests ndash discuss on noticeboards report bugs ndash vote for softwarehellipndash Anyone can addsuggest projectsndash Developers can maintain their own project
areasbull Internationalisation
OATSOFTorg Features
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forgebull Project Listingsbull Info on ATbull Access to lots of
Open Source toolshellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Trac Project
management
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATSOFTorg Forge Toolsbull Subversion
Code Management (Code Versioning System)
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATS examplesbull On Screen Keyboardsbull Screen Readersbull Resources eg
ndash Symbol Libraries ndash Gridsetsndash Dictionaries
bull Causeeffect programsbull Macro software (eg remapping )bull Prediction software
hellip Innovative and user led softwarehellip
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DASHERbull Innovative on-screen-keyboardbull Designed by Cambridge university (Inference
group)bull Originated from information theory ndash
considering the best way to enter information into a palmtop with gesture
bull Potentially very quick and efficient input method given ability to make 2D gestures
bull Good example of innovation from associated field
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example SAWbull Switch Access to Windowsbull Flexible on-screen keyboardbull Designed by ACE centre and made open
sourcebull Can be expanded to provide universal switch
accessbull Provided as modules for other software
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example PowerTalkbull Designed for a user with problems speaking
working for Ford UKbull Wanted to be able to make his presentations
using a synthesised voicebull VI community also found useful for making
presentations (to give voice feedback of where they are in the presentation)
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATS example DKeybull Disambiguation was originally an Alternative
and Augmentative Communication conceptbull Users who have restricted input ability but
can use more than 1 or 2 switches have limited options
bull Dkey designed to be used with a keypad keyboardhellip
[[ DEMO ]]
Project Context SoftwareOATS
Future
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contentsbull About the project
[[Consortium Motivation]]bull Context
[[Electronic Assistive Technology]][[Open Source]][[Other EAT Issues ]]
bull Assistive Technology Software[[Existing Software ]]
bull oatsoftorg[[Developing an OATS community]][[OATS Examples]]
bull Future Plans and Direction[[Sustainability opportunities]]
Project Context Software OATS Future
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
OATS Project Future
Current StatusFuture Direction
Challenges
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Current Statusbull Reached the end of the pilot year (project
report on website)bull Much interest and publicity (continuing)bull Set up OATS Steering Board to oversee
projectbull SIT have secured time to manage the site
and contentbull Secured server hosting and management
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Directionbull Objectives
ndash Encourage the communityndash Develop Contentndash Develop the Scopendash Champion the FORGEndash Further develop the site
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Communitybull Communication
ndash RSS Syndicationndash Mailing listsndash Bulletin boards
Forum
Repository Forge
Assistive Technology Users
Open Source and Freeware Software
Developers
Assistive Technology Professionals
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Contentbull Software listings
ndash encourage developers to maintain their own listings
ndash ensure up-to-date listingsndash reviews and comments
bull Other content ndash articles etc about Assistive Technologyndash collate relevant external content links
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Future Forgebull Clearly present the challengesbull Explain Assistive Technology and userrsquos needsbull Put Assistive Technology in contextbull Make it easy to contribute at any level
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Contributing to OATSbull We need
ndash Keen users ndash lsquoExemplarrsquo Programmersndash Open Source Advocatesndash Steering Board Membersndash Content contributions (software articles
links etc)ndash Any input Contact us
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Summarybull Open Source software (FLOSS) source code
is openly publishedbull Assistive Technology Software allows people
access and control of technologybull The FLOSS Development model is well suited
to the Assistive Technology field bull OATSOFTorg
ndash Library of existing software for usersndash A conduit for userrsquos and professionalrsquos
ideasndash Place for developers to hang out
bull Get Involved
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
References ContactsWebsite Resources References RSS feed
project reportwwwoatsoftorg
Citations of papersciteulikeorgusersimonjudgetagfloss
Contactsimonjudgesbpctnhsuk
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
Full OATS Presentation
Feedback
Project Context Software OATSFuture
![The OATS Project. ISAAC 2006 Contents About the project: [[Consortium, Motivation]] Context: [[Open Source]] Open Source & Assistive Technology [[Examples,](https://static.documents.pub/doc/80x56/55173c9655034603568b61cf/the-oats-project-isaac-2006-contents-about-the-project-consortium-motivation-context-open-source-open-source-assistive-technology-examples.jpg)