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The Organization of Living Things
Atom
Molecules and CompoundsCarbon dioxide is a compound. So is water.
Levels of Organization
Levels of Organization
Levels of OrganizationLiving things are organized in levels of increasing complexity. Complete the missing terms to show the patterns of organization of organisms from simple to complex.
Key Concept As multicellular organisms develop, their cells differentiate (change & separate) and form levels of organization
Why it Matters: so Humans (we are multicellular) can have different kinds of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems
Unicellular Organisms
“uni-” = one Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms or single
celled organisms that lack a membrane bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane bound organelle.
Can still do everything they need to stay alive Benefits over multicellular organisms:
Need fewer resources Can live in harsher conditions
Multicellular Organisms
“multi-” = more than one Plants, animals, and most fungi are multicellular
Start as a single cell many cells cells differentiate (change) into different types of cells cells group together
Multicellular Characteristics Larger size = have less predators and have more
options of things to eat Longer life – organism will continue to live even if
a single cell dies
Specialization – each type of cell has a specific job, making the organism more efficient
Levels of Organization
Atoms Elements/molecules compounds 1st Level: Cells 2nd Level: Tissues 3rd Level: Organs 4th Level: Organ Systems
Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organism
Level 1 : Cells
Cells can be specialized (have a certain function)
Function = job Function is related to the cell
structure Structure = how parts of the
cell are put together Shape Material it’s made from
Structure of a brain cell is different from muscle cell
Level 2: Tissues
Tissue = group of cells that work together to do a specific job
Ex: Heart muscle tissue is made of heart muscle cells
Animals have 4 types of tissue: nerve, muscle, connective, protective
Plants have 3 types of tissue : transport, protective, ground
Level 3: Organs Organ = structure that is made up of 2 or more
tissues working together to get a specific job done
Ex: Stomach – muscle tissue moves food, special tissues make chemicals to digest food, connective tissue holds stomach together, nervous tissue sends messages back and forth between the stomach and brain
Level 4: Organ Systems Organ system = group of organs working
together to perform a specific function Each organ system has a specific job Ex: Digestive system is made of several
organs including the stomach and intestines
Structure of Animals
Cells-basic unit of an animal’s structure
-become specialized_______________________________
Tissues-made of cells that work together to perform a specific function
__________________________________________Organs
-made of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function____________________________________________________
Organ Systems-made of organs that work together to perform a specific function
_____________________________________________________________Organisms