The original aim was to understand

molecular vibrationaldynamics

In a carbon plasma simulating a stellar

atmosphere we discovered C60

Thus a totally new field of

Chemistry was born

Wediscovered

carbon chainsin space It is found that

fullerenes improve

plastic solar cell efficiency

…then our carbon chains were

discovered in stars

Structure clues came from

architecture and models

…then by radioastronomy

All that is gold does not glitterNot all those who wander are lostThe old that is strong does not whitherDeep roots are not reached by the frost

From the ashes a fire shall be wokenA light from the shadows shall springRenewed shall be the blade that is brokenThe crownless again shall be king

All that is gold does not glitterNot all those who wander are lostThe old that is strong does not whitherDeep roots are not reached by the frost

NH3 Orion RAChiu ea 1967

HC5N synthAlexander ea

HC7N

in TMC1

HC7N Red Giant Star

C60

Kroto et al

C28

Kroto

C60 Ph5Cl Taylor

ac1976

C240 C540 McKay ea

Cluster BeamSmalley ec

NH3

HC5

NHC7

NHC9

N

HC7NSussex

research

Solar CellsHeeger et al

DIBs McKellar1936

C33 Hinten-berger ea l1960

Supersonic NozzleSmalley Levy Wharton

NH3 Orion RAChiu ea 1967

C3 comets Douglas 1936

RC32RWalton ea

HC3N SgrB2Turner Cluster Beam

Duncan..Smalley

SiC2 Smalley

HC5N synthAlexander

HC5N SgrB2Avery ea

HC7N

in TMC1Kroto

HC9N

in TMC1Kroto

HC7N Red Giant Star

C60

Kroto et al

Cluster Beam HC7N

La@C60

Heath ea

C28

Kroto

CarbonHuffman

C60 IRTheory

C60 IR Krätschmer ea

C60 extractionKrätschmer ea

NanotubeEndo ac1976

NanotubesIijima 1990

C60 formationHeath 1992CNT formation

Endo Kroto 1992

217nm UVHump

UV HumpKrätschmerHuffman

Graphene1990

C60 extractionHare Taylornmr

C70 derivative in printed solar cells…Heeger ac 1992

C60 Ph5Cl Taylor ac1976

Fullerene formationDunk ea 2012

M@C28 gatewayDunk ea 2012

C60 in space?Kroto Jura1992

C60 in spaceCami 2010