The Periodic Table

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Horizontal rows are called periods There are 7 periods

Vertical columns are called groups or families.

Elements are placed in columns by similar properties.

1 2

13 14 15 16 17

18

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

The Different Groups of Elements

Metals

Metals Luster – shiny. Ductile – drawn into wires. Malleable – hammered into sheets. Conductors of heat and electricity.

Transition metals

These are called the inner transition elements and they belong here

Non-metals Dull Brittle Nonconductors

- insulators

Metalloids or Semimetals

Properties of both Semiconductors B

Si

Ge As

Sb Te

Po At

Group 1 are the alkali metals Group 2 are the alkaline earth metals

Group 17 is called the halogens Group 18 are the noble gases

Why do we have a periodic table? Organizes the properties of atoms

Tells us information about elements that make up compounds

Answer the Following: Write down the element symbols on

the index card and indicate whether they are metals (M), nonmetals (NM) or metalloids (ME).

1. H

2. Se

3. Zn

4. Si

5. Al

1. NM

2. NM

3. M

4. ME

5. M

Numbers of electrons Atoms of different elements have different

numbers of electrons but they may have the same number of electrons in the outer most energy level

The outer most electrons help determine the chemical properties of elements

So how does the periodic table help us figure out the number of outer electrons?

We use the group number to determine the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom.