The policy of deliberately killing a nationality or ethnic group. Dictionary.com

The crime of destroying or conspiring to destroy a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group. Thefreedictionary.com

“the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group” the Merriam-Webster dictionary

Defining “genocide”

Leave a few inches at the top of your notes. Number vertically from 0 to 14 by two’s. We will graph the genocides by number of people killed.

*Asterisks denote approximates. No one knows for sure how many people were killed. These are only intelligent estimates.

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Holocaust Cambodia Rwanda Darfur Armenia Ukraine

Just for you to know-

In 1944, a Polish Jewish lawyer named Raphael Lemkin coined the word "genocide" by combining geno-, from the Greek word for race or tribe, with -cide, from the Latin word for killing.

Children of the Holocaust

Roma children at Auschwitz

Children on their way to the gas chamber

Jewish children wearing Star of David

Jewish child dying on thestreets of the Warsaw ghetto

Auschwitz, Mauthausen, Bergen-Belsen

Jews, Gypsies, the physically and mentally handicapped were all targeted by the Nazis. *8-14 million

Holocaust, *1938-1945

Holocaust, *1938-1945

Cambodia, 1975-79

The communist group Khmer Rouge took power in Cambodia in 1975 intent on punishing those who has sided with the USA during the Vietnam War.

*this was in conjunction with the fall of South Vietnam to communist North Vietnam.

Teachers, lawyers, businessmen, Buddhists, Muslims, Christians and most educated citizens were sent to “re-education camps” in the countryside to create a perfect agrarian society.

Those who resisted and their families were executed.

*1.7 million out of 8 million killed between 1975-1979

The “West” watched, not willing to be involved in SE Asia again. In 1979 the Vietnamese invaded Cambodia and put an end to the genocide.

Khmer leader Pol Pot was the architect of the genocide.

He eluded capture by hiding in in the jungles, finally dying in 1998 without ever going to trial.

RWANDA -- THE FACE OF MODERN GENOCIDE

Holocaust, *1938-1945

Cambodia, 1975-79

Rwanda, 1994

The Hutu’s made up around 80% of the population and were the farmers, while the Tutsi’s owned many of the farms and businesses.

The Tutsis were the more educated group that had helped the French rule the land during colonialism.

In April, 1994, the Hutu (tribe) president of Rwanda was killed in a plane crash.

The Tutsi’s were blamed for the death.

The genocide is that fastest that ever occurred in modern times. Over a million people killed in roughly three months.

The majority Hutu tribesmen attacked people belonging to the Tutsi tribe as well as moderate Hutus.

Most of the killing occurred using machetes and knives.

Hutu killers turned on their Tutsi neighbors and moderate Hutu’s that did not support them.

The Tutsi dominated army finally drove the “interhamwe” (we who fight together) Hutu murders into surrounding countries, particularly the Congo. (this added fuel to the civil war currently going on in the Democratic Republic of Congo)

Fifteen years later, the victims and the murderers are living together again.

2003 to ?

Sudan has been a nation in conflict since the early 1990’s.

There was a war of attrition against the black Christian population in the south by the Arab Muslim government in Khartoum (capital) in the 1990’s.

In the early 2000’s, several “rebel” groups of black-Muslims in Darfur attempted to break away from Arab Muslim Sudanese government.

This led to the world’s newest country, South Sudan

Holocaust, *1938-1945

Cambodia, 1975-79

Rwanda, 1994

Darfur,

The Sudanese government supported armed militias (named the janjaweed-devils on horseback) to drive out the black population from Darfur.

The janjaweed attacked all over Darfur killing over 200,000 and causing 2.5 million to flee.

The Arab government attacked and destroyed the villages in Darfur, killing those who did not flee.

Millions of people, particularly women, children, and the elderly have fled into neighboring Chad for safety in refugee camps. They are still there today.

Lesser known genocides

Holocaust, *1938-1945

Cambodia, 1975-79

Rwanda, 1994

Armenia, 1915/16

Darfur, 2003-?

Orchestrated by Joseph Stalin and the communist USSR.

Holocaust, *1938-1945

Cambodia, 1975-79

Rwanda, 1994

Armenia, 1915/16

Darfur, 2003-?

Ukraine, 1932-33

Recipe for a “shatterbelt”

Bosnia – 1994-96

Genocide vs Ethnic Cleansing

The systematic elimination of an ethnic group or groups from a region or society, as by deportation, forced emigration, or genocide.

The Serbian Bosnians attempted to drive the Muslim Bosnians from the country by force, using ethnic cleansing.

UN convention on Genocide The United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), adopted in 1948, states: In the present Convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: (a) Killing members of the group; (b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; (c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; (d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;

What would you call the clash of Americans and Native American’s across the continent in the 1700’s and 1800’s?

How about the Spanish conquest of Latin America?

Genocide or ethnic cleansing in the Americas?

Really?