The RailroadsThe RailroadsThe RailroadsThe Railroads

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The Open The Open RangeRange

The Open The Open RangeRange

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EffectsEffectsEffectsEffects MiscellaneousMiscellaneousMiscellaneousMiscellaneous

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Final jeopardy

Great NorthernGreat Northern

Which railroad was built through Which railroad was built through Montana and followed the Hi-Montana and followed the Hi-

Line?Line?

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Milwaukee RoadMilwaukee Road

Which railroad was most Which railroad was most modern, using electric lines?modern, using electric lines?

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Union PacificUnion Pacific

Which railroad was the first to Which railroad was the first to enter Montana?enter Montana?

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Northern PacificNorthern Pacific

Which railroad completed the Which railroad completed the first transcontinental route first transcontinental route

through Montana using land through Montana using land grants?grants?

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To profit from Montana’s resourcesTo profit from Montana’s resources

What was the main reason What was the main reason business leaders wanted to business leaders wanted to

connect railroads to Montana?connect railroads to Montana?

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Branded cattleBranded cattle

To combat the problem of cattle To combat the problem of cattle rustling, many ranchers did this? rustling, many ranchers did this?

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Free land with hardy grasses Free land with hardy grasses and lots of streams for waterand lots of streams for water

Why were Montana’s grasslands Why were Montana’s grasslands so valued for ranching?so valued for ranching?

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It created a local market for It created a local market for beef beef

How did the Montana gold rush How did the Montana gold rush contribute to cattle ranching?contribute to cattle ranching?

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Because they felt the ranchers Because they felt the ranchers would make better use of itwould make better use of it

Why did the Federal Government Why did the Federal Government take reservation land from take reservation land from

Indians and give it to grazing? Indians and give it to grazing?

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Hot, dry summer, wildfires, Hot, dry summer, wildfires, increase in number of cattle increase in number of cattle

What were the causes of the Hard What were the causes of the Hard Winter of 1886-87?Winter of 1886-87?

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Enabled the transportation of Enabled the transportation of freight quickly and inexpensivelyfreight quickly and inexpensively

How did railroads help the How did railroads help the development of Montana’s development of Montana’s

mining industry?mining industry?

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Smaller, fenced in herds. Smaller, fenced in herds. Planting of winter feed. More Planting of winter feed. More

sheep ranchingsheep ranching

What changes did the Hard What changes did the Hard Winter of 1886-87 cause for Winter of 1886-87 cause for

Montana’s ranchers?Montana’s ranchers?

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Provided access to many Provided access to many goods and servicesgoods and services

How did the railroads transform How did the railroads transform daily lifedaily life for Montana’s for Montana’s

residents?residents?

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Many worked for lower wagesMany worked for lower wages

Why were Asian workers Why were Asian workers discriminated against in discriminated against in

Montana?Montana?

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Labor UnionsLabor Unions

Unsafe working conditions led Unsafe working conditions led many railroad workers to join many railroad workers to join

what organizations?what organizations?

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They gave land grantsThey gave land grants

How did the U.S. government How did the U.S. government sometimes help railroads finance sometimes help railroads finance

their projects?their projects?

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Some raised cattle, others leased Some raised cattle, others leased land to ranchers land to ranchers

How did Indian groups participate How did Indian groups participate in ranching?in ranching?

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Legal right to cross someone’s Legal right to cross someone’s propertyproperty

What is a right-of-way?What is a right-of-way?

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Owners of one the largest Owners of one the largest Montana ranches – The Pioneer Montana ranches – The Pioneer

Cattle Company Cattle Company

Who were Conrad Kohrs, Reese Who were Conrad Kohrs, Reese Anderson and Granville Stuart?Anderson and Granville Stuart?

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Wealthy railroad tycoon who built Wealthy railroad tycoon who built the Great Northern Railroadthe Great Northern Railroad

Who was James J. Hill? Who was James J. Hill?

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How did railroads change the life How did railroads change the life for for allall the people living in the people living in

Montana? Montana?