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Louis Riel and the uprising of the Red River Colony
Lead up to Rebellion1869- arrival of land
speculatorsOriginal Metis settlers
angry with HBC for pursuing the sale of the land with their consultation
Surveyors also laying out square townshipsUnlike traditional strip lots of
Metis
Begin to wonder if Canadian Government is trying to take away their land
Lead up cont’d.Metis, under Louis Riel,
decide to confront the surveyors
Metis National Committee formed to confront Governor William McDougall
Told McDougall to go back to Ottawa as the Metis intended to govern themselves
The Stakes are raisedSeveral Metis under Riel’s command occupy Fort Garry and seize its munitions.
The Red River Rebellion had begun.
What they really wantedRiel and followers never wanted a rebellion
Only wanted to ensure that their people would keep their land and their rights after the land was transferred to Canadian authority
Riel set up a Provisional Government to negotiate
Drew up a list of rights (p.159)
Tensions riseThe Canadian Party, under McDougall’s
leadership was armed and ready to attack the Metis
Riel took the initiative and to seized the headquarters of the Canadian partyTook several people hostage and declared he
was ready to negotiate
Prime Minister John. A. Macdonald refused to recognize Riel or negotiate with him
ExecutionSchultz, leader of the Canadian
party, escapes from Fort GarryAnother prisoner, Thomas
Scott, threatens to kill Riel, verbally and physically abuses the guards.
On March 4, he was executed by firing squad by Riel’s provisional government
On March 9, Riel formally declares the the crisis had passed
Off to OttawaAfter the execution of Scott, a delegation of
Metis set off to Ottawa to negotiate the creation of the province of Manitoba
Prior to their arrival, Schultz, who had escaped, arrived in Ontario
He begins to make a martyr out of Scott so by the time the Metis arrive, they had a hard time getting recognition from Macdonald’s government
A new provinceThe Metis’ case is
finally heard in AprilMacdonald allows
200000 hectares of land to be given to the Metis.
On May 2, legislation is passed confirming Manitoba’s creation
VengeanceAs cries for retribution over Scott’s
death rose from the white protestants, Macdonald had to do something
He sends 1200 troops to arrest Riel and keep the peace until the transfer of power to a new provincial gov’t could be done
Riel fled the area fearing for his life to the United States and was banned from Canada for five years
He would spend the next 15 years in the U.S.
Other members of the provisional gov’t were granted amnesty