+ All Categories
Home > Documents > The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Date post: 21-Dec-2015
Category:
View: 237 times
Download: 9 times
Share this document with a friend
Popular Tags:
36
The Reformation and The Reformation and the Holiness the Holiness Movement Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.
Transcript
Page 1: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The Reformation and The Reformation and the Holiness Movementthe Holiness Movement

Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Page 2: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Growing Weary of the Growing Weary of the RegimeRegime

The Middle Ages was a depressing The Middle Ages was a depressing and oppressive time in Western and oppressive time in Western Europe.Europe. The human spirit can take but so much The human spirit can take but so much

oppression.oppression. The ideals being taught in Christianity The ideals being taught in Christianity

were not evident in daily lifewere not evident in daily life This gave birth to a desire for changeThis gave birth to a desire for change

Page 3: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Causes of DissentCauses of Dissent

New New influence from the Muslim world influence from the Muslim world and from ancient Greek philosophy and from ancient Greek philosophy preserved by the Arabs. preserved by the Arabs.

The corruption of the clergy and the The corruption of the clergy and the papacy papacy caused great disillusionment caused great disillusionment and questioning. and questioning.

Page 4: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Causes of DissentCauses of Dissent There were many economic abuses, includingThere were many economic abuses, including

Ecclesiastical TaxationEcclesiastical Taxation In excess of taxes paid as Roman CitizensIn excess of taxes paid as Roman Citizens

AbsenteeismAbsenteeism Appointment of positions just to provide the Appointment of positions just to provide the

appointee income.appointee income. SimonySimony

Bribery for religious positionsBribery for religious positions the sale of indulgences. the sale of indulgences.

Announcements that sins had been paid forAnnouncements that sins had been paid for

Page 5: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Causes of DissentCauses of Dissent

The rise of nationalismThe rise of nationalism Theological and spiritual conviction. Theological and spiritual conviction. The invention of the printing press The invention of the printing press

(1456)(1456)

Page 6: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Martin Luther Martin Luther (1483-1546)(1483-1546)

A German Augustinian MonkA German Augustinian Monk Convicted by Romans 1:17 “…The Convicted by Romans 1:17 “…The

just shall live by faith.”just shall live by faith.” Never intended to leave the Roman Never intended to leave the Roman

Catholic ChurchCatholic Church

Page 7: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The Supreme Authority The Supreme Authority of Scriptureof Scripture

The watchwords of the Reformation are grace alone, The watchwords of the Reformation are grace alone, faith alone, Scripture alone, and Christ alone (faith alone, Scripture alone, and Christ alone (sola sola gratia, sola fide, sola Scriptura, sola Christusgratia, sola fide, sola Scriptura, sola Christus).).

Luther rejected tradition as our authority and said Luther rejected tradition as our authority and said Scripture is our sole authority for doctrine.Scripture is our sole authority for doctrine.

In 1229 the Catholic Church had forbidden the laity In 1229 the Catholic Church had forbidden the laity to read the Bible, because they were not theological to read the Bible, because they were not theological experts.experts.

Luther declared that the Bible, the liturgy, and the Luther declared that the Bible, the liturgy, and the preaching should be in the language of the people.preaching should be in the language of the people.

translated the Bible into German to make it available translated the Bible into German to make it available to them.to them.

Page 8: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Lutheran Lutheran TheologyTheology

Justification By Faith (in an extreme Justification By Faith (in an extreme way)way) Thought the Book of James was “straw”Thought the Book of James was “straw”

Believed in Original sin (like Augustine)Believed in Original sin (like Augustine) Believed in unconditional election Believed in unconditional election

(predestination … like Augustine)(predestination … like Augustine) Believed in the priesthood of believers Believed in the priesthood of believers

(1 Peter 2:9)(1 Peter 2:9) Germans were very accepting of his Germans were very accepting of his

views.views.

Page 9: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The Start of the The Start of the ReformationReformation

His His Ninety Five ThesesNinety Five Theses against against indulgencesindulgences Posted on October 31, 1517Posted on October 31, 1517

In 1520 Pope Leo X commanded him In 1520 Pope Leo X commanded him to stop teaching his views.to stop teaching his views.

Luther responded defiantly calling the Luther responded defiantly calling the pope a heretic and the Antichrist.pope a heretic and the Antichrist.

Luther was declared a heretic in 1521 Luther was declared a heretic in 1521 by Emperor Charles Vby Emperor Charles V

Page 10: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Luther in Luther in HidingHiding

For his own safety, Luther was For his own safety, Luther was “kidnapped” by local German leaders “kidnapped” by local German leaders for almost a yearfor almost a year

His fame spreadHis fame spread He translated the New Testament He translated the New Testament

into German.into German. He emerged with much support from He emerged with much support from

German princes/people and was able German princes/people and was able to preach freely.to preach freely.

Page 11: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Reformation Reformation SpreadsSpreads

It only initiated in GermanyIt only initiated in Germany In SwitzerlandIn Switzerland

The The ReformedReformed in 1523 led by Ulrich in 1523 led by Ulrich ZwingliZwingli

After Zwingli’s death, John Calvin of After Zwingli’s death, John Calvin of Geneva became the leader.Geneva became the leader.

In Scotland it was known as In Scotland it was known as PresbyterianPresbyterian In England as In England as PuritansPuritans

Page 12: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The AnabaptistsThe Anabaptists

Stemmed from the followers of ZwingliStemmed from the followers of Zwingli Denounced infant baptismDenounced infant baptism

Baptism was only for believersBaptism was only for believers Were against the idea of a state church Were against the idea of a state church

((forfor separation of church and state) separation of church and state) Never became a major group in the Never became a major group in the

Reformation. Reformation. Most Anabaptists today are Mennonites Most Anabaptists today are Mennonites

(followers of Menno Simmons)(followers of Menno Simmons)

Page 13: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Anglican ChurchAnglican Church

Start by Henry VIII of all peopleStart by Henry VIII of all people He had a dispute with the pope over his He had a dispute with the pope over his

divorce.divorce. He left the Catholic Church and started the He left the Catholic Church and started the

Church of England (or Anglican Church) Church of England (or Anglican Church) also known as the Episcopalian Churchalso known as the Episcopalian Church

He named himself as the head of the He named himself as the head of the church.church.

Now the Bishop of Canterbury is the head Now the Bishop of Canterbury is the head of the churchof the church

Page 14: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Gaining MomentumGaining Momentum

By 1600, the Protestant Reformation By 1600, the Protestant Reformation had reached its greatest extent in had reached its greatest extent in EuropeEurope

Northern Europe had become mostly Northern Europe had become mostly Protestant, particularly Lutheran. Protestant, particularly Lutheran.

Central Europe was a mixture of Central Europe was a mixture of Lutheran, Reformed, Anabaptist, and Lutheran, Reformed, Anabaptist, and Catholic. Catholic.

England was Anglican.England was Anglican.

Page 15: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The SacramentsThe Sacraments

BaptismBaptism ConfirmationConfirmation PenancePenance Eucharist (Communion)Eucharist (Communion) Extreme UnctionExtreme Unction Ordination (not essential)Ordination (not essential) Marriage (not essential)Marriage (not essential)

Page 16: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The Reformation The Reformation is Christcentricis Christcentric

Medieval Theology insisted upon Medieval Theology insisted upon acknowledging every “person” of the acknowledging every “person” of the “triune” Godhead.“triune” Godhead.

The Reformation’s emphasis was on The Reformation’s emphasis was on Jesus.Jesus.

““He that acknowledgeth the son hath He that acknowledgeth the son hath the father also. (I John 2:23)”the father also. (I John 2:23)”

Page 17: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Pietists (1675)Pietists (1675)

Arose again in GermanyArose again in Germany Felt there was too much emphasis on Felt there was too much emphasis on

theological debatetheological debate Desired a more relationship oriented Desired a more relationship oriented

Christianity.Christianity.

Page 18: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

PietistsPietists

A strong catalyst for them was Philip A strong catalyst for them was Philip Jacob Spener (1635-1705), a Jacob Spener (1635-1705), a Lutheran.Lutheran.

Stressed repentance and an Stressed repentance and an experience of conversion that experience of conversion that changed people’s lives. changed people’s lives.

This movement started among the This movement started among the Lutherans but spread to the Lutherans but spread to the Calvinists also.Calvinists also.

Page 19: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

PietistsPietists Stressed 6 things to add fervor to Christianity.Stressed 6 things to add fervor to Christianity. 1. More extensive use of the Scriptures, including 1. More extensive use of the Scriptures, including

Bible study in small groups.Bible study in small groups. 2. Reemphasis on the spiritual priesthood of all 2. Reemphasis on the spiritual priesthood of all

believers.believers. 3. Emphasis on spiritual experience and practice 3. Emphasis on spiritual experience and practice

in Christian life rather than mere knowledge.in Christian life rather than mere knowledge. 4. Conducting controversies in a spirit of charity.4. Conducting controversies in a spirit of charity. 5. Training of pastors in devotional literature and 5. Training of pastors in devotional literature and

practice.practice. 6. Renewed focus on the purpose of the pulpit 6. Renewed focus on the purpose of the pulpit

toedify the people.toedify the people.

Page 20: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Synod of DortSynod of Dort

Reemphasized the Teachings of the Reformation1. Total depravity.2. Unconditional election.3. Limited atonement.4. Irresistible grace.5. Perseverance of the saints. (Eternal

Security)

Page 21: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

ArminianismArminianism

1. Universal prevenient grace. 2. Election based on foreknowledge. 3. Universal atonement. 4. Grace can be resisted. 5. No definite position regarding the

perseverance of the saints.

Page 22: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

John Wesley John Wesley (1703-1791)(1703-1791)

He was an Anglican PriestHe was an Anglican Priest Started the Holy Club at Oxford Started the Holy Club at Oxford

University in England out of a desire University in England out of a desire for something deeper.for something deeper.

Page 23: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

John Wesley John Wesley (1703-1791)(1703-1791)

His doctrine of sanctification and His doctrine of sanctification and Christian perfection. Up until this Christian perfection. Up until this time, most Protestants had time, most Protestants had emphasized the doctrine of emphasized the doctrine of justification to the neglect of justification to the neglect of sanctification.sanctification.

““wholly sanctified” not “holy wholly sanctified” not “holy sanctified”sanctified”

Page 24: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

John Wesley John Wesley (1703-1791)(1703-1791)

To him:To him: Conversion (being saved) was the first Conversion (being saved) was the first

work of gracework of grace Sanctification was a second work of graceSanctification was a second work of grace

Both would be definite experiencesBoth would be definite experiences The Christian could live a life The Christian could live a life

victorious over sin.victorious over sin. This was in sharp contrast to most This was in sharp contrast to most

movementsmovements

Page 25: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

MethodistsMethodists

Wesley’s younger brother, Charles, Wesley’s younger brother, Charles, wrote many hymns that are used in wrote many hymns that are used in Baptist, Methodist and Pentecostal Baptist, Methodist and Pentecostal congregations.congregations.

Such as:Such as:Father, I stretch my hands to thee,Father, I stretch my hands to thee,

no other help I know,no other help I know,

If thou withdrew thy hand from me,If thou withdrew thy hand from me,

Whither shall I go?Whither shall I go?

Page 26: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Pentecostal OutpouringsPentecostal Outpourings

Ulrich ZwingliUlrich Zwingli AnabaptistsAnabaptists

GermanyGermany SwitzerlandSwitzerland

The QuakersThe Quakers ReformedReformed MethodistsMethodists HolinessHoliness MoraviansMoravians

Page 27: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Jonathan EdwardsJonathan Edwards

He was known to pray outside in the He was known to pray outside in the snow for extended periods of time. snow for extended periods of time. The prayer was so intense that when The prayer was so intense that when he had finished, there would be a he had finished, there would be a circle surrounding him where the circle surrounding him where the snow had melted away.snow had melted away.

A Calvinist PresbyterianA Calvinist Presbyterian Sinners in the Hands of an Angry GodSinners in the Hands of an Angry God

Page 28: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The Great AwakeningThe Great Awakening By and large, the blacks in America By and large, the blacks in America

responded revivalist variety of the Baptists responded revivalist variety of the Baptists and Methodists.and Methodists.

The first major black denomination was the The first major black denomination was the African Methodist Episcopal Church, formed African Methodist Episcopal Church, formed by members who began withdrawing from a by members who began withdrawing from a Methodist church in 1787 due to racial Methodist church in 1787 due to racial discrimination. discrimination.

In 1816 it was formally organized, and a In 1816 it was formally organized, and a prominent Methodist bishop, Francis Asbury, prominent Methodist bishop, Francis Asbury, consecrated Richard Allen as its first bishop.consecrated Richard Allen as its first bishop.

Page 29: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The Second AwakeningThe Second Awakening

The new revival mostly involved Methodists and Baptists, but some Presbyterians took part, particularly in the beginning.

The most outstanding camp meeting took place in Cane Ridge, Kentucky in August 1801. It was organized by Presbyterians and Methodists, and twenty to thirty thousand people attended.

Page 30: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Cane Ridge RevivalCane Ridge Revival

Characterized by: sobbing, shrieking, falling (over

three thousand fell under the power of God), exuberant singing, shouting, laughing (“holy laughter”), dancing, shaking (“jerking”), jumping, leaping, rolling, and running. People testified that they fell into trances, saw visions, and exercised various gifts of the Holy Ghost.

Page 31: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The Holiness MovementThe Holiness Movement

The vision of John Wesley had left the The vision of John Wesley had left the Methodist Church.Methodist Church.

The fire had dwindled. There was a The fire had dwindled. There was a renewed desire to return to holiness.renewed desire to return to holiness.

The Holiness movement particularly The Holiness movement particularly sought to restore the New Testament sought to restore the New Testament truth of divine healing.truth of divine healing.

Page 32: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The Holiness ChurchesThe Holiness Churches

Wesleyan Methodist Church (1843)Wesleyan Methodist Church (1843)Pilgrim Holiness Church (1897), now Wesleyan Pilgrim Holiness Church (1897), now Wesleyan

Church; Church; Free Methodist Church (1860)Free Methodist Church (1860)Church of God (Anderson, Indiana) (1880)Church of God (Anderson, Indiana) (1880)Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee) (1896)Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee) (1896)Church of the Nazarene (1895) which became the Church of the Nazarene (1895) which became the

largest Holiness denomination;largest Holiness denomination;Pentecostal Holiness Church (1900) Pentecostal Holiness Church (1900) Church of God in Christ (1897)Church of God in Christ (1897)From 1895 to 1905, over twenty small Holiness From 1895 to 1905, over twenty small Holiness

denominations were started.denominations were started.

Page 33: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Charles ParhamCharles Parham

Founder and director of a small Bible school in Topeka, Kansas.

He was an independent preacher associated with the Holiness movement.

The school spent many days studying the New Testament regarding the Baptism of the Holy Spirit and sought God on this wise.

Page 34: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

The Pentecostal MovementThe Pentecostal Movement(January 1, 1901)(January 1, 1901)

In a prayer meeting Agnes Ozman asked In a prayer meeting Agnes Ozman asked Parham to lay hands on her that she might Parham to lay hands on her that she might receive the Holy Ghost with the evidence receive the Holy Ghost with the evidence of speaking in tongues. of speaking in tongues.

When he did, she began to speak in When he did, she began to speak in tongues. Several other students soon tongues. Several other students soon received the same experience, and on received the same experience, and on January 3 Parham himself along with many January 3 Parham himself along with many others also received the Holy Ghost with others also received the Holy Ghost with the sign of speaking in tongues. the sign of speaking in tongues.

Page 35: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Three Works of Grace?Three Works of Grace?

The Baptism of the Holy Ghost The Baptism of the Holy Ghost originally thought of as a third work originally thought of as a third work of graceof grace

The common testimony of early The common testimony of early Pentecostals was,Pentecostals was, “ “Thank God, I am saved, sanctified, and Thank God, I am saved, sanctified, and

filled with the Holy Ghost.”filled with the Holy Ghost.”

Page 36: The Reformation and the Holiness Movement Revival, Awakening and Holiness.

Pentecostal Holiness Pentecostal Holiness ChurchesChurches

Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee),Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee), Church of God in ChristChurch of God in Christ Pentecostal Holiness Church. Pentecostal Holiness Church. These organizations advocated three works of grace, These organizations advocated three works of grace,

while later other Pentecostals reduced the number while later other Pentecostals reduced the number to two or one. to two or one.

For instance, the Assemblies of God believes in two For instance, the Assemblies of God believes in two works of grace: conversion and the baptism of the works of grace: conversion and the baptism of the Holy Spirit (a postconversional endowment of power)Holy Spirit (a postconversional endowment of power)

the United Pentecostal Church holds that the United Pentecostal Church holds that repentance, water baptism, and the baptism of the repentance, water baptism, and the baptism of the Holy Spirit are all part of the one experience of Holy Spirit are all part of the one experience of regeneration.regeneration.


Recommended