The Religions of The Religions of Southern and Eastern Southern and Eastern

AsiaAsiaBuddhism. Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism. Hinduism, Islam,

Shintoism, and the philosophy of Shintoism, and the philosophy of ConfucianismConfucianism

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What is the difference between an What is the difference between an ethnic group and religious group?ethnic group and religious group?

Ethnic Groups share common cultural Ethnic Groups share common cultural ideas and beliefs and has been a part ideas and beliefs and has been a part of their community for generationsof their community for generations

Religious Groups share a belief Religious Groups share a belief system in a god or gods with specific system in a god or gods with specific set of rituals and literatureset of rituals and literature

BuddhismBuddhism Originated in IndiaOriginated in India and spread quickly and spread quickly The The 44thth largest religion in the world largest religion in the world Siddhartha Gautama became the Buddha Siddhartha Gautama became the Buddha

or “enlightened one”or “enlightened one” after spending time after spending time pondering the ways of lifepondering the ways of life

He traveled all over India to share his He traveled all over India to share his newfound enlightenment with others and newfound enlightenment with others and developed a following devoted to his developed a following devoted to his teachingsteachings

Buddhists do not believe in a god, but Buddhists do not believe in a god, but rather follow the teachings of Buddharather follow the teachings of Buddha

Basic Ideas of BuddhismBasic Ideas of Buddhism

The four Noble Truths are the basic The four Noble Truths are the basic instructions of Buddhism that teach that instructions of Buddhism that teach that suffering exists in the world and humans suffering exists in the world and humans must reach the enlightenment of Buddha must reach the enlightenment of Buddha to rise above themto rise above them

Tripitaka- - Holy Book of Buddha’s Tripitaka- - Holy Book of Buddha’s teachingsteachings

Buddhists do not worship a god but rather Buddhists do not worship a god but rather Buddha by thanking him for his teachingsBuddha by thanking him for his teachings

Basic Ideas of BuddhismBasic Ideas of Buddhism

Nirvana is the ultimate goal of Nirvana is the ultimate goal of Buddhists- It is a state of Buddhists- It is a state of enlightenment where one can have enlightenment where one can have happiness and peace. It is often happiness and peace. It is often found through meditationfound through meditation

Buddhists believe in reincarnation, a Buddhists believe in reincarnation, a cycle of birth and rebirth, where cycle of birth and rebirth, where one’s present life determines what one’s present life determines what one becomes in the next lifeone becomes in the next life

HinduismHinduism

Largely practiced in IndiaLargely practiced in India where over where over 80% of Indians claim to be Hindu80% of Indians claim to be Hindu

Hinduism does not come from the Hinduism does not come from the teachings of one man. Hindus believe teachings of one man. Hindus believe in many gods and goddesses who are in many gods and goddesses who are images of a single god.images of a single god.

Basic Ideas of HinduismBasic Ideas of HinduismEach person’s karma, or good or bad Each person’s karma, or good or bad

behavior, determines his or her behavior, determines his or her position in lifeposition in life

The ultimate goal of Hindus is to The ultimate goal of Hindus is to achieve moksha, which is freedom achieve moksha, which is freedom from the cycle of reincarnation.from the cycle of reincarnation.

There is not one text the Hindus There is not one text the Hindus consider sacred, rather there are consider sacred, rather there are many texts like the Vedas that teach many texts like the Vedas that teach Hindus proper behaviorHindus proper behavior

Basic Ideas of HinduismBasic Ideas of Hinduism

Hindus live by a caste system that Hindus live by a caste system that divides people into classesdivides people into classes

IslamIslam

We have studied this already in great We have studied this already in great detaildetail

It is a religion found in this region- It is a religion found in this region- Southern and Eastern AsiaSouthern and Eastern Asia

ShintoismShintoism

A religion unique to JapanA religion unique to JapanUnlike other religions, it has not Unlike other religions, it has not

spread to other parts of the worldspread to other parts of the worldBased on a traditional Japanese Based on a traditional Japanese

teaching that everything in nature teaching that everything in nature consists of consists of kamikami, or the spirit of gods., or the spirit of gods.

Basic Ideas of ShintoismBasic Ideas of Shintoism

Shintoists are expected to be reverent to Shintoists are expected to be reverent to nature, life, and birthnature, life, and birth

Physical purity is more important than Physical purity is more important than moral impuritymoral impurity

Many Shintoists build shrines and worship Many Shintoists build shrines and worship their ancestors who they believe became their ancestors who they believe became kamikami when they died when they died

Since Shinto offers no ideas of moral code Since Shinto offers no ideas of moral code or one God, many people who practice or one God, many people who practice Shinto also practice another religion such Shinto also practice another religion such as Buddhismas Buddhism

Philosophy of ConfucianismPhilosophy of Confucianism Is not a religion but a philosophy that is often Is not a religion but a philosophy that is often

said to be the foundation of modern Chinese said to be the foundation of modern Chinese culture.culture.

Confucius- founderConfucius- founder of the ideas of of the ideas of ConfucianismConfucianism

He believed he knew how to bring peace to He believed he knew how to bring peace to ancient Chinaancient China

He created a moral structure for social life He created a moral structure for social life and politics that every person should followand politics that every person should follow

GOLDEN RULEGOLDEN RULE Confucianism is based on tradition and does Confucianism is based on tradition and does

not teach about one ruling Godnot teach about one ruling God

Basic Ideas of ConfucianismBasic Ideas of Confucianism

Each person has a place in society Each person has a place in society and they must accept their positions and they must accept their positions so that society can function wellso that society can function well

China’s rulers are to be respected by China’s rulers are to be respected by the people as long as they are fair the people as long as they are fair and care for the peopleand care for the people

Family relationships are essential to Family relationships are essential to having a good society and family having a good society and family respect was the foundation of all respect was the foundation of all ethicsethics

Basic Ideas of ConfucianismBasic Ideas of Confucianism

There are five basic types of There are five basic types of relationships where one must relationships where one must understand their role of being superior understand their role of being superior or inferior. They are:or inferior. They are:

ruler and subjectruler and subjectfather and sonfather and sonhusband and wife husband and wife older brother and younger brotherolder brother and younger brotherfriend and friendfriend and friend

The Religion ChartThe Religion Chart