The RenaissanceBy: Harshil Kikani, Rose Melendez, Ashley Quesadilla, and

Leo Hotsko

Period 3 - World History

Table of ContentsIntroduction

1.Chapter 1 - Italian Renaissance Artists

2.Chapter 2 - Northern Renaissance Artists

3.Chapter 3 - Art Techniques

4.Chapter 4 - Compare and Contrast

5.Chapter 5 - Renaissance Authors

6.Chapter 6 - Renaissance Society

7.Chapter 7 - Technology

8.Chapter 8 - How is the Renaissance linked to the modern day?

Works Cited

Introduction

Inquiry question - How can the renaissance be seen as the beginning of the “modern world” and how is this reflected in modern society?

The renaissance can be seen as the beginning of the “modern world” because it started new techniques for creating paintings, art began to spread for the first time to northern Europe, a new church was created, and the reformation of the catholic church began. Also, this was the beginning of humanism. This shows that a good amount of the “modern” things we do today come from the Renaissance. This is reflected on modern day society because people focus more on the importance to human rather than to paranormal (like superpowers).

Chapter 1 - Leonardo da Vinci and Raphael

● Dominated the period known as the High Renaissance, which lasted roughly from the early 1490s until the sack of Rome by the troops of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V of Spain in 1527.

● Two great masters.

Leonardo da Vinci

★ Leonardo da Vinci was a leading artist and intellectual of the Italian Renaissance who's known for his

enduring works "The Last Supper" and "Mona Lisa."★ Born in 1450, the son of a lawyer and a peasant. He was soon employed by painter and sculptor Verrocchio

whose busy workshop saved many families and Medici.

★ Leonardo discovered a more changeable colour, which could build up in layers, tone and depth or even paint over to cover mistakes.

★ 1481. Outgrown florence. He approached Lorenzo de’Medici for help. Referred him to his friend the Duke of Milan, whose needs were more simple artistic.

★ In Milan he became the most famous fresco in history for the painting of the last supper

★ He was a scientist.

“Nature is the source of all true knowledge. She has her own logic, her own laws, she has no effect without cause nor invention without necessity,” he said.

Leonardo da vinci (cont.)

★ throughout his life he made studies about plants, and animals but mostly horses.

★ the study of anatomy. In florence, leonardo took corpses from hospitals for private dissection and research. He secretly discovered many features of human anatomy 200 years before they became common knowledge.

★ Medieval church didn’t like his work because it wasn’t christian and occult. Accused of black magic, he was forced to leave Italy and seek refuge at the more liberal court of the king of France.

★ Leonardo died on May 2, 1519 in cloux, France

★ legend says that the king was at his side when leonardo died, in his arms.

Raphael

★Raphael is best known for “Madonnas” including the Sistine madonna, and for his large figure compositions in the palace of the Vatican in Rome

★Born on April 6, 1483, in Urbino, Italy

★Died in Rome on April 6,1520

★In 1514 Pope Julius hired Raphael as a chief architect. Around that time he completed his work on the series of Madonnas, an oil painting called Sistine madonna

Chapter 2 - Northern Renaissance Artists: Master Bertram

Bertram was born in Minden.

Was a German International Gothic painter primarily of religious art.

His most famous surviving artwork is the large Grabow Altarpiece in the art Museum of Kunsthalle Hamburg, the largest and most important North German painting of the period. (see on top)

He made many sculptures including chandeliers.

Bertram was largely forgot after the Renaissance until the end of the 19th century when he was rediscovered and even published.

Died in Hamburg.

Chapter 3 - Art Techniques: Fresco

A fresco painting is done when pigments are mixed with water and applied to wet plaster. The pigments are absorbed into the wall as it dries making the painting and the wall become one.

A disadvantage to this technique is since artists are working with wet plaster they need to work quickly before the plaster dries out.

Chapter 3 - Art Techniques: Oil

Oil paintings are widely adopted in Northern Europe and they did not become popular in Italy until late in the century.

Oil is different in comparison to Fresco paintings because oil is slow drying making it easier to make modifications while it’s drying .

Oil paints offered artists the ability to paint with a greater variety of colors which allowed artists to depict the human figure and natural environment in more realistic terms. ("Painting Techniques of the Renaissance – ItalianRenaissance.org").

Chapter 4 - Compare and Contrast

Differences

The north held on to the gothic or middle ages art and architectures longer than Italy did.Architecture mainly remained gothic until the 16 century in the northern renaissance.

Italy had many duchies and republics which gave a rise to the wealthy merchant class, they often spent considerable funds on art.

Similarities

After 1450, Italy and northern europe both had access to printed materials

Both the italy and northern europe had an artistic part of the renaissance they both had art techniques that were mostly used and they both had a selective type of artists living in their parts.

Chapter 5 - Renaissance Author (Machiavelli)

Machiavelli was born in Florence, Italy on May 3, 1469. He was a historian, politician, and a writer. He was influenced by Leonardo da Vinci, Plato, and many others. One of his famous quotes is “It is better to be feared than loved, if you can not be both.” He died on June 21, 1527.

He wrote many books on important topics, which people remember him for today.

He influenced people’s way of thinking about how things work and how they should be thinking.

He wrote the book, The Prince, which became a popular way of thinking in the Renaissance. At

the end of the book, it explains, “It doesn't matter what you do, as long as you get the desired

results. (The Prince).

Chapter 5 - Renaissance Author (George Chapman)

George Chapman was born in 1559 in Hitchin, United Kingdom. He was an English dramatist, translator, and poet. He went to the University of Oxford for his education. One of his famous quotes is, “Young men think old men are fools; but old men know young men are fools.” He died on May 12, 1634 in London, United Kingdom.

George Chapman was best known for his rhyming verse translations of Homer’s “Iliad and the Odyssey.”

He entertained many people with all of his plays he did throughout the years.

One of his famous plays that he wrote, “Bussy D'Ambois” was a tragedy in which the play is based on the life of the real Louis de Bussy d'Amboise, who was murdered in 1579.

Chapter 6 - Renaissance Society Aspect: The Embracing of Humanism

Renaissance scholars, poets, and philosophers concerned themselves with the real world, the world of nature and men.

As a consequence, universities became more secular, producing now educated laymen, before now, only those of the religious orders had been scholars.

Renaissance art, too had become more natural and realistic.

Chapter 7 - Technology: The Refracting Telescope

Hans Lippershey invented the telescope some telescopes and spyglasses may have been created much earlier but Hans is believed to be the first one to apply for a patent for his design.

The telescope is used to make far away things look closer and gave observers a new perspective.

It’s needed because when curious people pointed the spyglass towards the sky the view of earth changed for ever.

People who benefited from it are people who worked with optical instruments and people who were curious to see what was in our skies at night or during the day.

Chapter 7 - Inventions- The submarine

Cornelis Drebbel discovered the submarine and he built the first one in 1620

The submarine was needed to send men to work at sea but the submarines were mostly used to see if the submarine worked.

Cornelis Drebbel and men who worked at sea benefitted from the creation because he made three submarines in different sizes and each one worked and had there own type of mechanism to it.

Chapter 8 - How is the Renaissance Linked to Modern Day?

The Renaissance is linked to modern day because we still use many ideas and techniques people used during the renaissance one example of this would be art techniques and art.People today still use art for many things such as a job or a hobby but the techniques they used during the renaissance are still used today such as oil paintings and frescos.

Modern day oil painting-------------->

<---------- Modern day fresco painting

Works Cited

● "Bertram of Minden." Www.artbible.info. N.p., 2005. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.

● "Renaissance Inventions & Discoveries." Http://royalfaires.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

● "Who Invented the Telescope? Hans Lippershey." Who Invented the Telescope? Hans Lippershey Was the Inventor.

N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2015.

● Edwards, Fred. "What Is Humanism." Americanhumanist.org. N.p., 2008. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.

● Hallan, Mark. "Http://www.gizmag.com/go/3715/." Cornelis Drebbel Built Three Submarine in the 1620s - They All

Worked. N.p., 16 Feb. 2005. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.

● Esaak, Shelley. "The Northern Renaissance of European Art." N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2015.