THERESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
C16L1Part 1
• What does the respiratory system do?
• How do the parts of the respiratory system work together?
• How does the respiratory system interact with other body systems?
The Respiratory System
Functions of the respiratory system
breathing gas exchange between the atmosphere and the blood (supply oxygen & removes carbon dioxide and other waste gases) preventing foreign substances from entering during breathing phonation (speaking)
Breathing Breathing is the movement of air into and out of the lungs. Breathing enables your respiratory system to take in oxygen and to eliminate carbon dioxide.
Respiratory SystemEvery cell in your body needs oxygen for a series of chemical reactions called cellular respiration.During cellular respiration, oxygen and sugars react, releasing energy a cell can use.Your respiratory system removes carbon dioxide and other waste gases from your body, so that cells can function.
Inhale / Inspirationbreathe in
Exhale / Expirationbreathe out
STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
nose and nasal cavities pharynx larynx trachea bronchi bronchioles alveoli
nose and nasal cavities
nasal septum: separate the two nasal cavities
ciliated mucous membranes
Cilia line the nose and most other airways in the respiratory system.
Functions of the cilia Wavelike motions of the cilia carry trapped particles away from your lungs.The cilia help prevent harmful particles from getting very far into your respiratory system.
Functions of the ciliated mucous membranes
filters bacteria, smoke, and dust particles from the air warms and moistens air
If anything irritates nasal membranes, it stimulates sneezing.
mucous
a thick, sticky substance that filters the air entering the body
pharynxThe pharynx is a tube-like passageway at the top of the throat that receives air, food, and liquids from the mouth or nose.
pharynx muscular tube lined with a ciliated mucous membrane about 5 inches long extends from the back of the nose to the esophagus sometimes called the "control center" for incoming substances, since it serves both the respiratory and digestive systems
7 openings into or out of the pharynx
2 openings of nasal cavities 2 passageways to middle ear-space (Eustachian tubes) opening of mouth esophagus (passageway to stomach) larynx (passageway to lungs)
larynx
(voice box) short passageway from the pharynx to the trachea
larynx
walls consist of cartilage pieces held together by
several muscles and
ligaments
vocal chords (or folds)
a pair of membrane folds in the
larynx
false vocal cordsThe more
superior set, called the
false vocal cords,
functions primarily to protect the
glottis.
true vocal cords
The inferior set, the true vocal cords, produces the
voice.
vocal chords (or folds)
vocal chords in
females are thinner and
shorter (they
vibrate more
rapidly)
vocal chords (or folds)
vocal chords in males are
thicker and longer (they
vibrate more
slowly)