The Roman Achievement5.3

Objectives

• Summarize works of Roman literary figures, historians and philosophers.

• Describe art and architecture developed by the Romans.

• Explain how Rome’s legal codes protected everyone in the empire.

Literature, History, and Philosophy

• From which culture did the Romans borrow from?

• The Romans thought Greek art, literature, and philosophy were the pinnacle of cultural achievement

• Trade and travel helped to expand ideas within the empire, created “Greco-Roman” culture

Greek settlements in Italy

Literature, History, and Philosophy

• Virgil – Aeneid, helped to unite Rome

• Satire • Historians – tell

story of the Empire, positive and negative

Virgil and Two Muses, Mosaic, Tunisia

Sculptorscontrapposto

• Sculptors wanted to create realistic statues

Julius Caesar Augusta di Prima Porta

Mosaics

Science and Engineering • Romans developed domes, arches, and built

roadways.• Ptolemy – proposed Geocentric theory

New Law Codes Protect the Empire

• Civil law - applied to Roman citizens only-problem?• Law of Nations – applied to all people under

Roman rule, even non-citizens.• Rome eventually extended citizenship across

the empire, merging both laws.