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The SEMPER Framework for Secure Electronic Commerce

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WI ± Schwerpunktaufsatz 238 WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK 41 (1999) 3 S. 238 ± 247 1 Introduction A wide range of businesses are rapidly moving to explore the huge potential of networked information systems, in parti- cular the Internet-based World-Wide Web. Although the Internet has its roots in aca- demia and is still dominated by free-of- charge information, dramatic changes are expected in the near future. The goal of the ACTS project SEMPER (Secure Electronic Marketplace for Eur- ope) has been to provide the first open and comprehensive solution for secure com- merce over the Internet and other public information networks. The project started in September 1995 and ended in December 1998. The members of the SEMPER con- sortium are Commerzbank (D), Crypto- mathic (DK), DigiCash (NL), EUROCOM EXPERTISE (GR), Europay International (B), FOGRA Forschungsgesellschaft Druck (D), GMD ± German National Research Center for Information Technology (D), IBM (CH, F), INTRACOM (GR), KPN Re- search (NL), Otto-Versand (D), r 3 security engineering / Entrust Technologies (CH), CNET (F), SINTEF (N), Stichting Mathema- tisch Centrum/CWI (NL), Universities of Dortmund, Freiburg, and Saarbru È cken (D). Sponsoring partners are Banksys (B), Banque Generale du Luxembourg (LU), and Telekurs (CH). The IBM Zurich Re- search Laboratory provided the technical leadership for the project. 1.1 Roles and services in the marketplace The main purpose of an electronic mar- ketplace is the same as that of a physical marketplace, i.e. to bring potential buyers and sellers together: W Sellers offer their goods and buyers or- der them; this comprises a two-party negotiation, sometimes ending with an agreement, i.e., a contract. W Sellers deliver their goods and buyers make payments; the result is a two-party (fair) exchange. Buyers or sellers might be dissatisfied with the exchange, which means that a number of exception handlers and dispute hand- lers and, possibly, an arbiter are necessary. In all these actions, the parties have specific security requirements, namely in- tegrity, confidentiality, and availability. 1 Confidentiality includes anonymity, which is often a requirement for browsing catalo- gues, or for low-value purchases. Some examples of typical electronic commerce scenarios are: W Mail-order Retailing: a retailer accepts electronic orders and payments, based on digital or conventional catalogues, and delivers physical goods. W On-line Purchase of Information and Subscriptions: similar to mail-order re- tailing, but with digital, maybe copy- right-protected goods that are delivered on-line. W Electronic Mall: an organisation offers services for several service providers, ranging from directory services (``in- dex'') through content hosting to billing services. W Contract Signing: two or more parties exchange signed copies of the same statement. Naturally, an open system for electronic commerce cannot be restricted to these scenarios. It should be easily configurable and extendible to a broad range of differ- ent scenarios. 1.2 What is new in SEMPER? SEMPER is the first project that aims at the complete picture of secure electronic com- merce, not just specific pieces (e.g., elec- tronic payments [AJSW97]), specific sce- The SEMPER Framework for Secure Electronic Commerce Matthias Schunter, Michael Waidner, Dale Whinnett [ScWW98; ScWW99] are preliminary versions of the this article. Dipl.-Inform. Matthias Schunter, Universita Èt Saarbru Ècken, Institut fu Èr Informatik, Lehr- stuhl fu Èr Kryptographie und Sicherheit, D±66123 Saarbru Ècken, E-Mail: [email protected]; Dr. Michael Waidner, IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, Sa Èumerstr. 4, CH±8803 Ru Èschlikon, E-Mail: [email protected]; Dale Whinnett, Albert-Ludwigs-Universita Èt Freiburg, Institut fu Èr Informatik und Gesell- schaft, Abteilung Telematik, Friedrichstr. 50, D±79098 Freiburg, E-Mail: [email protected]
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