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THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
Medical Vocabulary
Achondroplasia
Main Entry: achon·dro·pla·sia Pronunciation: \ā-kän-drə-plā-zh(ē-)ə\Definition: a genetic disorder disturbing
normal growth of cartilage, resulting in a form of dwarfism characterized by a usually normal torso and shortened limbs a- : without chondr/o: cartilage -plasia: formation
audio for achondroplasia.htm
Acroarthritis
Main Entry: ac-ro-ar·thri·tis Pronunciation: \ak-ro-är-thrīt-əs\ Definition: inflammation of the joints of the
hands or feet due to infectious, metabolic, or constitutional causes acr/o: extremity arthr: joint -it is: inflammation
audio arthritis.htm
Acromion
Main Entry: acro·mi·on Pronunciation: \ə-krō-mē-än, -ən\ Definition: the outer end of the spine of the
scapula that protects the glenoid cavity, forms the outer angle of the shoulder, and articulates with the clavicle acr : extremity, point -omion: shoulder
audio for acromion.htm
Ankylosis
Main Entry: an·ky·lo·sis Variant(s): also an·chy·lo·sis Pronunciation: \aŋ-ki-lō-səs\ Plural: an·ky·lo·ses \-sēz\ Definition: stiffness or fixation of a joint by
disease or surgery ankyl: stiffening, crooked -osis: condition (usually abnormal)
audio for ankylosis.htm
Arthroplasty
Main Entry: ar·thro·plas·ty Pronunciation: \är-thrə-plas-tē\ Plural: ar·thro·plas·ties Definition: plastic surgery of a joint (as the
hip or knee); the operative formation or restoration of a joint arthr/o: joint -plasty: surgical repair
audio for arthroplasty.htm
Calcaneal
Main Entry: cal·ca·ne·al Pronunciation: \kal-kā-nē-əl\ Definition: 1 : relating to the heel bone 2 :
relating to the calcaneus calcan/e: heel bone -al: pertaining to
audio for calcaneal.htm
Coccygeal
Main Entry: coc·cy·geal Pronunciation: \käk-sij-(ē-)əl\ Definition: of, relating to, or affecting the
coccyx (tailbone) coccyg/e: coccyx, tailbone -al: pertaining to
audio for coccygeal.htm
Collagen
Main Entry: col·la·gen Pronunciation: \käl-ə-jən\ Definition: fibrous insoluble protein found in
the connective tissue, skin, ligaments, and cartilage coll/a: glue -gen: formation, produce
audio for collagen.htm
Costal
Main Entry: cos·tal Pronunciation: \käs-təl\ Definition: of, relating to, involving, or
situated near a rib <costal fractures caused by violent coughing> cost: rib -al: pertaining to
audio for costal.htm
Craniectomy
Main Entry: cra·ni·ec·to·my Pronunciation: \krā-nē-ek-tə-mē\ Plural: cra·ni·ec·to·mies Definition: the surgical removal of a portion
of the skull crani/(o): skull -ectomy: surgical excision
audio for craniectomy.htm
Femoral
Main Entry: fem·o·ral Pronunciation: \fem-(ə-)rəl\ Definition: pertaining to the femur; the thigh
bone, the longest bone in the body femor: femur -al: pertaining to
audio for femoral.htm
Fibular
Main Entry: fib·u·lar Pronunciation: \fib-yə-lər\ Plural: fib·u·lae \-lē also -lī\ or fib·u·las Definition: pertaining to the fibula; the
smaller of the two lower leg bones fibul: fibula -ar: pertaining to
audio for fibular.htm
Fixation
Main Entry: fix·a·tion Pronunciation: \fik-sā-shən\ Definition: process of holding or fastening in
a fixed position; making rigid, immobilizing fixat: fastened -ion: process
audio for fixation.htm
Humeral
Main Entry: hu·mer·al Pronunciation: \hyüm-(ə-)rəl\ Definition: of, relating to, or situated in the
region of the humerus (upper arm bone) humer: humerus -al: pertaining to
audio for humeral.htm
Ilium
Main Entry: il·i·um Pronunciation: \il-ē-əm\ Plural il·ia \-ē-ə\ Definition: the dorsal, upper, and largest one
of the three bones composing either lateral half of the pelvis that in humans is broad and expanded above and narrower below where it joins with the ischium and pubis to form part of the acetabulum ili/0: iliumaudio for ilium.htm
Kyphosis
Main Entry: ky·pho·sis Pronunciation: \kī-fō-səs\ Plural: ky·pho·ses \-sēz\ Definition: exaggerated outward curvature
of the thoracic region of the spinal column resulting in a rounded upper back (humpback) kyph: a hump -osis: condition (usually abnormal)
audio for kyphosis.htm
Lordosis
Main entry: lor·do·sis Pronunciation: \lor-dō-səs\ Definition: exaggerated forward curvature of
the lumbar and cervical regions of the spinal column (swayback) lord: bending, curve, swayback -osis: condition (usually abnormal)
audio for lordosis.htm
Lumbar
Main Entry: lum·bar Pronunciation: \ləm-bər, -bär\ Definition: pertaining to the loins (lower
back); lumbodynia – pain in the loins (lower back) lumb: loin, lower back -ar: pertaining to lumb/o: loin, lower back -dynia: pain
audio for lumbar.htm
Mandibular
Main Entry: man·dib·u·lar Pronunciation: \-yə-lər\ Definition: of, relating to, or located near a
mandible (lower jawbone) mandibul: lower jawbone -ar: pertaining to
audio for mandibular.htm
Maxilla
Main Entry: max·il·la Pronunciation: \mak-sil-ə\Plural: max·il·lae \-sil-ē, -ī\ or maxillasDefinition: pertaining to the upper jawbone
maxill: jawbone -a: pertaining to
audio for maxilla.htm
Myelitis
Main Entry: my·e·li·tis Pronunciation: \mī-ə-līt-əs\ Plural: my·e·lit·i·des \-lit-ə-dēz\ Definition: inflammation of the spinal cord
or of the bone marrow myel: bone marrow -it is: inflammation
audio for myelitis.htm
Myeloma
Main Entry: my·e·lo·ma Pronunciation: \mī-ə-lō-mə\ Plural: my·e·lo·mas also my·e·lo·ma·ta \-mət-
ə\ Definition: tumor of the bone marrow
myel: bone marrow -oma:tumor
audio for myeloma.htm
Myelopoiesis
Main Entry: my·e·lo·poi·e·sis Pronunciation: \mī-ə-lō-poi-ē-səs\ Plural: my·e·lo·poi·e·ses \-ē-sēz\ Definition: formation of bone marrow
myel/o: bone marrow -poiesis: formation
audio for myelopoiesis.htm
Olecranal
Pronunciation: o-lek ran-alDefinition: pertaining to the elbow
olecran: elbow -al: pertaining to
Osteocarcinoma
Main Entry: car·ci·no·ma Pronunciation: \kärs-ən-ō-mə\ Plural: car·ci·no·mas also car·ci·no·ma·ta \-
mət-ə\ Definition: cancerous tumor of a bone; new
growth of epithelial tissue oste/o: bone carcin: cancer -oma:tumor
audio for carcinoma.htm
Osteomalacia
Main Entry: os·teo·ma·la·cia Pronunciation: \äs-tē-ō-mə-lā-sh(ē-)ə\ Definition: a disease of adults that is
characterized by softening of the bones and is analogous to rickets in the young oste/o: bone -malacia: softening
audio for osteomalacia.htm
Osteopenia
Main Entry: os·teo·pe·nia Pronunciation: \äs-tē-ō-pē-nē-ə\ Definition: reduction in bone volume to
below normal levels oste/o: bone -penia: deficiency
audio for osteopenia.htm
Osteoporosis
Main Entry: os·teo·po·ro·sis Pronunciation: \äs-tē-ō-pə-rō-səs\ Plural: os·teo·po·ro·ses \-sēz\ Definition: a condition that affects especially
older women and is characterized by decrease in bone mass with decreased density and enlargement of bone spaces, producing porosity and brittleness oste/o: bone por: a passage -osis: condition (usually abnormal)
audio for osteoporosis.htm
Progression of Osteoporosis
Patellar
Main Entry: pa·tel·la Pronunciation: \pə-tel-ə\ Plural: pa·tel·lae \-tel-ē, -ī\ or pa·tel·las Definition: a thick, flat, triangular, movable
bone that forms the anterior point of the knee and protects the front of the joint—called also kneecap, kneepan patell: kneecap -ar: pertaining to
audio for patella.htm
Pedal
Main Entry: ped·al Pronunciation: \ped-əl also pēd-\ Definition: of or relating to the foot
ped: foot -al: pertaining to
audio for pedal.htm
Phalangeal
Main Entry: pha·lan·ge·al Pronunciation: \fā-lən-jē-əl, fal-ən-; fə-lan-jē-,
fā-\Definition: of or relating to a phalanx or the
phalanges; pertaining to the bones of the fingers and the toes phalang/e: phalanges (finger/toe bones) -al: pertaining to
audio for phalangeal.htm
audio for phalangeal 2.htm
Phosphorus (P)
Main Entry: phos·pho·rus Pronunciation: \fäs-f(ə-)rəs\ Definition: mineral that is essential in bone
formation, muscle contraction, and many other functions—symbol P phos: light phor: carrying -us: pertaining to
audio for phosphorus.htm
Radiograph
Main Entry: ra·dio·graph Pronunciation: \-graf\ Definition: an X-ray or gamma-ray
photograph; film or record on which an x-ray image is produced; also called radiogram radi/o: x-ray -graph: record; instrument for recording
audio for radiogram.htm
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Main Entry: rheumatoid arthritis Definition: a usually chronic disease that is
considered an autoimmune disease and is characterized especially by pain, stiffness, inflammation, swelling , and sometimes destruction of joints —abbreviation RA; results in crippling deformities; also called atrophic arthritis rheumat: discharge -oid: resemble arthr: joint -it is: inflammation
audio for rheumatoid.htm
audio for arthritis.htm
Scapular
Main Entry: scap·u·lar Pronunciation: \skap-yə-lər\ Definition: of, relating to, or affecting the
shoulder or scapula scapul: shoulder blade -ar: pertaining to
audio for scapular.htm
Scoliosis
Main Entry: sco·li·o·sis Pronunciation: \skō-lē-ō-səs\ Plural: sco·li·o·ses \-sēz\ Definition: a lateral curvature of the spine
scoli: curvature -osis: condition (usually abnormal)
audio for scoliosis.htm
Spinal
Main Entry: 1spi·nal Pronunciation: \spīn-əl\ Definition: 1: of, relating to, or situated near
the spinal column; 2 a: of, relating to, or affecting the spinal cord; b: having the spinal cord functionally isolated (as by surgical section) from the brain c: used for spinal anesthesia; 3: made for or fitted to the spinal column (a spinal brace) spin: spine -al: pertaining to
audio for spinal.htm
Spondylitis
Main Entry: spon·dy·li·tis Pronunciation: \spän-də-līt-əs\ Definition: inflammation of one or more
vertebrae spondyl: vertebra -it is: inflammation
audio for spondylitis.htm
Sternal
Main Entry: ster·nal Pronunciation: \stərn-əl\ Definition: of or relating to the sternum
(breastbone) stern: sternum, breastbone -al: pertaining to audio for sternal.htm
Sternotomy
Main Entry: ster·not·o·my Pronunciation: \stər-nät-ə-mē\ Plural: ster·not·o·mies Definition: surgical incision through the
sternum (breastbone) stern/0: sternum, breastbone -tomy: incision
audio for sternotomy.htm
Tibial
Main Entry: tib·i·al Pronunciation: \tib-ē-əl\ Definition: of, relating to, or located near a
tibia; the shin bone; larger of the two bones of the lower leg tibi: tibia -al: pertaining to
audio for tibial.htm
Ulnocarpal
Main Entry: ul·na Pronunciation: \əl-nə\ Plural: ul·nae \-nē\ or ul·nas Definition: the bone on the little-finger side
of the human forearm that forms with the humerus, the elbow joint, and serves as a pivot in rotation of the hand; pertaining to the ulna side of the wrist uln/o:ulna, elbow carp: wrist -al: pertaining to
audio for ulna.htmaudio for carpal.htm
Vertebrosternal
Main Entry: ver·te·bro·ster·nal rib Pronunciation: \vər-tə-brō-stər-nəl-\ Definition: pertaining to a vertebra and the
sternum vertebr/o: vertebra stern: sternum -al: pertaining to
audio for vertebra.htm
audio for sternal.htm