The Solar SystemThe Solar System

The PlanetsThe Planets

The sun is at the center of our solar The sun is at the center of our solar system and all planets orbit around it.system and all planets orbit around it.

The planets are subdivided into two The planets are subdivided into two categories: the inner planets and the categories: the inner planets and the outer planetsouter planets

The Inner PlanetsThe Inner Planets

The inner planets are the four planets The inner planets are the four planets closest to the sun.closest to the sun.

They are also known as the terrestrial They are also known as the terrestrial (earthlike) planets because they all have (earthlike) planets because they all have rocky crust, dense mantle layers, and very rocky crust, dense mantle layers, and very dense cores.dense cores.

These planets include Mercury, Venus, These planets include Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.Earth, and Mars.

MercuryMercury

The planet closest to the sunThe planet closest to the sunOrbits the sun in just 88 daysOrbits the sun in just 88 daysRotates on its axis once every 59 daysRotates on its axis once every 59 daysThe smallest of the inner planets, it The smallest of the inner planets, it

diameter is 38% that of earth.diameter is 38% that of earth.Temperature: 790* F during the dayTemperature: 790* F during the day

- 274* F at night- 274* F at night

MercuryMercury

VenusVenus

The second planet from the sun.The second planet from the sun.Known as Earth’s sister planet because Known as Earth’s sister planet because

they are so similar in diameter, mass and they are so similar in diameter, mass and gravitygravity

Makes one rotation on its axis once every Makes one rotation on its axis once every 243 days243 days

Orbits the sun in 225 days. Orbits the sun in 225 days. Temperature: 860* FTemperature: 860* F

Venus Venus

MarsMars

The fourth planet from the sun.The fourth planet from the sun. It’s diameter is half that of EarthIt’s diameter is half that of Earth Mars takes 687 days to orbit the sun.Mars takes 687 days to orbit the sun. It’s gravity is two fifths of Earth’s.It’s gravity is two fifths of Earth’s. It’s atmosphere is 95% carbon dioxideIt’s atmosphere is 95% carbon dioxide Temperature: 79* F to 215* FTemperature: 79* F to 215* F Moons: 2Moons: 2 Has a red appearance due to the iron oxide in Has a red appearance due to the iron oxide in

it’s rocksit’s rocks

MarsMars

The Outer PlanetsThe Outer Planets

Separated from the inner planets by an Separated from the inner planets by an asteroid beltasteroid belt

All four planets are gaseous, and are All four planets are gaseous, and are much less dense than Earthmuch less dense than Earth

All four are much larger than EarthAll four are much larger than EarthEach of them ring systems that surround Each of them ring systems that surround

them them

JupiterJupiter

The fifth planet from the sun.The fifth planet from the sun. It makes an orbit around the sun once It makes an orbit around the sun once

every 11.9 yearsevery 11.9 years It has the fastest rotation of all the planets It has the fastest rotation of all the planets

at just under ten hoursat just under ten hoursJupiter is the largest planet in our solar Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar

systemsystemTemperature: - 238* FTemperature: - 238* FMoons: 63Moons: 63

JupiterJupiter

Saturn Saturn

The sixth planet from the sunThe sixth planet from the sunTakes 30 years to make one orbit around Takes 30 years to make one orbit around

the sunthe sunSaturn has the lowest density of any Saturn has the lowest density of any

planet.planet. It would actually float on water It would actually float on water Temperature: -290* F Temperature: -290* F Moons: 57Moons: 57

SaturnSaturn

UranusUranus

The seventh planet from the sun.The seventh planet from the sun. It takes 84 years to make an orbit around It takes 84 years to make an orbit around

the sunthe sunMakes a rotation on its axis once every Makes a rotation on its axis once every

17.2 hours17.2 hoursTemperature: -353* FTemperature: -353* FMoons: 27Moons: 27

UranusUranus

NeptuneNeptune

The farthest planet from the sun The farthest planet from the sun It takes 165 years to orbit the sunIt takes 165 years to orbit the sun It makes a rotation on its once every 16.1 It makes a rotation on its once every 16.1

hours hours Temperature: - 364* FTemperature: - 364* FMoons: 13Moons: 13

NeptuneNeptune

EarthEarth

Earth’s StatisticsEarth’s Statistics

Diameter: 7,926 miles at the equatorDiameter: 7,926 miles at the equatorCircumference: 24, 900 miles at the Circumference: 24, 900 miles at the

equatorequatorRotation (day): 23 hours, 56 minutes, 4 Rotation (day): 23 hours, 56 minutes, 4

secondssecondsRevolution (year): 365.25 daysRevolution (year): 365.25 daysTemperature: 59 F (average)Temperature: 59 F (average)

Earth’s StatisticsEarth’s Statistics

As the Earth revolves around the sun it As the Earth revolves around the sun it travels at a speed of 67,000 miles per travels at a speed of 67,000 miles per hour.hour.

Earth is tilted on its magnetic axis at angle Earth is tilted on its magnetic axis at angle of 23.5 degreesof 23.5 degrees

This tilt is responsible for Earth’s seasons.This tilt is responsible for Earth’s seasons.

EarthEarth

Solstice – the two times each year that the Solstice – the two times each year that the earth’s tilt makes the sun reach it’s earth’s tilt makes the sun reach it’s greatest angle north or south of the greatest angle north or south of the equator, marking the start of summer or equator, marking the start of summer or winterwinter

Summer solstice - June 21Summer solstice - June 21stst (longest day (longest day of the year in Northern hemisphere)of the year in Northern hemisphere)

Winter solstice – December 21Winter solstice – December 21stst (shortest (shortest day of the year in Northern Hemisphere)day of the year in Northern Hemisphere)

EarthEarth

Equinox – the two times each year that the Equinox – the two times each year that the sun is directly over the equator and day sun is directly over the equator and day and night are equal length all over the and night are equal length all over the world: it’s also the start of spring and fallworld: it’s also the start of spring and fall

Spring Equinox- March 20Spring Equinox- March 20thth

Fall equinox- September 22Fall equinox- September 22ndnd

Earth’s MoonEarth’s Moon

Moon’s statistic’sMoon’s statistic’s

Diameter: 2,156 milesDiameter: 2,156 milesDistance from Earth: 238,600 milesDistance from Earth: 238,600 milesRotation: 27 days 8hrsRotation: 27 days 8hrsRevolution around Earth: 27 days 8hrsRevolution around Earth: 27 days 8hrsTemperature: 225*F (day) -243* F (night) Temperature: 225*F (day) -243* F (night)

Moon PhasesMoon Phases

New moon- the side of the moon facing New moon- the side of the moon facing the earth is completely dark, because the the earth is completely dark, because the moon is between the earth and the sunmoon is between the earth and the sun

Full moon- the side of the moon facing the Full moon- the side of the moon facing the earth is completely lighted; the earth is earth is completely lighted; the earth is between the sun and moonbetween the sun and moon

Moon phasesMoon phases

Waning- describes the moon after a full Waning- describes the moon after a full moon as its visible lighted area gets moon as its visible lighted area gets smaller during the lunar cyclesmaller during the lunar cycle

Waxing- describes the moon after a new Waxing- describes the moon after a new moon as its visible lighted area gets larger moon as its visible lighted area gets larger during the lunar cycleduring the lunar cycle

Moon PhasesMoon Phases

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