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The solar system
• A solar system is a group of planets orbiting a central star.
• The solar system contains a sun, 8 planets, 3 dwarf planets, and various moons and asteroids
• In 2006 the International Astronomical Union decided to remove Pluto as a planet and create a new category after the discovery of an object bigger then Pluto
The Sun
• The Sun is the largest thing in the solar system
• Its radius is the same as twice the distance from the earth to the moon
• All the planets are bound to the sun by gravity
Revolution and Rotation of the Planets
• All the planets in the solar system revolve around the sun in a counterclockwise direction in slightly elliptical orbits (revolution)
• All planets also spin about their axis in a counterclockwise direction* (rotation)
Mercury
• Closest planet to the sun.
• 57.9 million km from the sun
• Orbital period 88 days• Made of rock• Temperature -180 to
426 Celsius
Venus
• 108 million km from the sun
• Orbital Period 224.7 days
• Clockwise Rotation• Rocky surface with a
thick atmosphere• Temp 470 degrees at
surface
Earth
• Only Planet to support life
• 150 million km from sun
• Orbital Period 365.26 days
• Temperature -85 to 58 degrees
• Rocky core nitrogen oxygen atmosphere
• One moon
Mars
• 228 million km from sun
• Orbital period 687 days
• Half the size of Earth
• Temperature -120 to 30 degrees
• Rocky Surface with a thin atmosphere
• 2 moons Phobos and Deimos
Jupiter
• 778 million km from sun
• Orbital Period 11.9 earth years
• Gas giant made of hydrogen, helium, and methane.
• Largest planet in the solar system
• Temp -160 degrees
• Failed star?
Saturn
• 1427 million km from sun
• Orbital period 29.5 Earth years
• Gas Giant made of hydrogen, helium, methane
• Distinctive dust and ice rings
• Temp -180 Degrees
Uranus
• Ok we all know the joke• 2870 million km from
sun• 84.1 year orbit• Tilted on side?• Rotation opposite to
other planets• Temperature -210
degrees
Neptune
• 4497 million km from the sun
• Orbital period 164.8 years
• Gas Giant• Thin rings• Temp -220 degrees
Dwarf Planets
• Adopted in 2006
• Dwarf planets are objects that – orbit the sun– have enough mass to become round– not large enough to have an impact on their
area
• There are currently 3 dwarf planets Eris, Pluto, and Ceres
Eris• discovered in 2005 • goddess of discord and
strife. • Mass 1.64×1022kg (bigger
then Pluto)• Distance 37-97 au (beyond
Pluto• 556. 7 year orbit• Moon: Dysnomia• Highly elipitcal orbit
Pluto
• 5900 million km from sun
• 247.7 year orbital period• Much smaller then earth• rocky• One moon Charon• Temperature -220
Degrees