The State of Art of Renewable Marine Energy and the Environment in Brazil
Suzana GueirosDRHIMA – Politech UFRJPos-doc research COPPE
Professor Luis Pinguelli Rosas COPPE – UFRJ
Special thanks to
Professor Segen Stefan (COPPE-UFRJ)Professor Legey (COPPE-UFRJ)Professor Luis Alfredo Vidal (COPPE)Paulo Roberto (LTS –COPPE- UFRJ)Andrew ( Coppetec- COPPE- UFRJ)Dejair de Pontes Souza(SAGES –COPPE- UFRJ)
1. THE BRAZILIAN ENERGY SCENARIO, CURRENT STAGE AND STRATEGIC ENERGY PLAN
2. NATIONAL INVESTMENTS AND SPECIAL PROGRAMS FOCUSED ON EFFICIENCY
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
4. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Our selected topics to this insight
How do we manage our energy Consumption ?
Brazilian Energy Scenario and the need of an Strategic Energy Plan
How much do we need an energy switch ?
The driving forces related to the concept of external costs and the relation with environmental protection – the polluter pays principle
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
1. THE BRAZILIAN ENERGY SCENARIO, CURRENT STAGE AND STRATEGIC ENERGY PLAN
Our Preliminary Questions
“ We need to move in wartime speed, restructuring the world energy industrial economy…”
Lester Brown
Plan B 3.0
2008
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
DNPMANP
ANEEL
AUTARCHIES
PETROBRAS
ELETROBRAS
MIXED ECONOMY
PUBLIC ENTERPRIZES
OrganizationalStructureDecreton.º 5.267/2004
Minister Advisers - Cabinet
Law consultant
Economic supervisor
Executive Secretary
MINISTER
EnergyDevelopment andPlanning Secretary
Oil, Natural Gas,Renewables
Secretary
Electric EnergySecretary
Geology, Mining, Mineral
TransformationSecretary
4
Brazil’s Energy PolicyCurrent Institutional Organization
CPRM
EPE
1. THE BRAZILIAN ENERGY SCENARIO, CURRENT STAGE AND STRATEGIC ENERGY PLAN
The Brazilian Current EnergyPlanning
National Energy Plan
National Energy Matrix
10 Year Expansion Energy Plan
Auctions
Monitoring
1 to 3 years
Planning Program Vision
Short and Average Term
(10 years)
Strategic Vision
Long Term Research(until 30 years)
Oil and GasEletricity
TransmissionBiofuels
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
1. THE BRAZILIAN ENERGY SCENARIO, CURRENT STAGE AND STRATEGIC ENERGY PLAN
The Plan: Energy Demand Considering Different Prospective Scenarios
Table 1: Brasil – 2005-2030 – Average of Annual Energy Growth (%)
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
1. THE BRAZILIAN ENERGY SCENARIO, CURRENT STAGE AND STRATEGIC ENERGY PLAN
Expansion of Energy Offer StudyProduction
(generation)
Consumption
National Sustainable Development ViewFor Technological Innovation and Energy Efficiency
Environmental and Social IssuesOpen for public participationE
nerg
y E
ffici
ency
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Source: MME 2010
Natural Gas8.8
MineralCoal4.8
Biomass traditional
10.1
Sugar Cane Products
18.0
Other renewables
3.8Hydro15.2
Uranium1.4
Oil products(derivados de
petroleo)37.9
47.2%
52.8%
Non-renewable
Renewable
Latest Data Available from Energy Matrix – 2009 (%)
1. THE BRAZILIAN ENERGY SCENARIO, CURRENT STAGE AND STRATEGIC ENERGY PLAN
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Source: MME 2010
Non-renewable
Renewable
Latest Data Available from Electricity Energy Matrix –2009 (%)
1. THE BRAZILIAN ENERGY SCENARIO, CURRENT STAGE AND STRATEGIC ENERGY PLAN
Hydro*
85,1
Nuclear2.6
Gás Natural2.6
Minerallcoal
1
Oil products2.5
Others1.4
Biomass4.7
89.8%
10.2%
Approximately 192 millions of
Brazilians at the year of 2010
OECD (2005)
0% 100%
BRASIL (2006)
BRASIL (2007)
Renewable Non Renewable
WORLD (2005)
Renewable Energy: World x Brazil
Information Source: Prof. Marcos A. V. Freitas
6,2
12,7
44,9
46,4
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
2. NATIONAL INVESTMENTS AND SPECIAL PROGRAMS FOCUSED ON EFFICIENCY
2. NATIONAL INVESTMENTS AND SPECIAL PROGRAMS FOCUSED ON EFFICIENCY
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Saved Energy is our greatest
source
Graig Morris
Energy Expansion By Source –Current Planning
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
2. NATIONAL INVESTMENTS AND SPECIAL PROGRAMS FOCUSED ON EFFICIENCY
Wind Energy Generation Potential in Brazil
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Northeast
75,GW144,3TWh/
year
North
12,8GW26,4TWh/
year
Central-West
3,1GW5,4TWh/
year
Southeast
29,7GW54,9TWh/
year
South
22,8GW
41,1TWh/year
BRAZIL143,5 GW
272,2 TWh/year
2. NATIONAL INVESTMENTS AND SPECIAL PROGRAMS FOCUSED ON EFFICIENCY
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
The Blue Amazon
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Blue Amazon
At the year of 2004, the Brazilian Navy has created the name: BLUE AMAZON, to call for society’s attention of our richnesses from the Brazilian Ocean Space. At the year of 2006 the trademark was registered at the National Industrial Property Institute, numbers: 828732558, 828774412 and 828774420.
95% ExternalCommerce
More than90% of our oilreservations
As rich and as strategic as theGreen Amazon
The Blue Amazon is equivalent to the Legal
Amazon, or Half of National Territory
United Nations Convention about Ocean Rights + Blue Amazon
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
Economic Exclusive Zone – ZEEMaritime area that begins at the end
of the Territorial Sea, which extensionmay not exceed 200 maritime miles
counted from the baseline.
ZEE3.089.919 km 2
450.000 km 2
950.000 Km 2 ContinentalPlataform
ZEE + ContinetalPlataform
4.489.919 Km 2
UnexploredPotential of Mineral and biodiversityrichness.
Other resources to be explored, besidesFishing and tourismpotential
The International waters on Brazil’s coast gives the country the right and sovereignity for exploration, production, conservation and management of its natural resources fromthe ocean waters including the underground soil
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Pre-Sal Oil ReservationsInvestments Orientation
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Blue Amazon
Blue Picanha(barbecue)
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Estimated Tide and Wave EnergyPotential for Brazil´s Coast
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
27 GW
Estimated for the North Region – AP (Amapá) – PA (Pará)- MA (Maranhão)
Data obtained from limited tide series available in situ
?
9 GW
30 GW
35 GW
Area(1) Tide –(2)Waves
GW
Maranhão + North (1) 27
Northeast (2) 9
Southeast (2) 30
South (2) 35
Brazilian Potential 101Prel
imin
ary
Braz
ilian
Pote
ntia
l
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Full Scale Prototype for CleanEnergy from Waves, onshoreinnovative Project
Location: Ceará – Pecém Harbour7 Millions U$ Project in R&D-Started on March 2009
Preliminary Goal: Monitor andMeasure the System Performance MWh
Pilot Power Plant for Clean Energyfrom Waves in Brazil - LTS-COPPE/UFRJTractebel Energia/ANEEL -Eletrobrás
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
Nominal Power 100kw
Estimated Energy Generation: 786MWyear
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
The Starting Point:2001 – Professor Segen and Research GroupTechnological Park at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
Ocean Tank for experiments, modelling2002 - 15meters deep + 10m additional - 40mX30mSimulation of waves, winds and tides
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
Project Advantages:
The Ceará Portos Company has already finishedthe local structure details, and the project startedto be built.
Brasil’s Great NationalMaritime Extension
Site of Ceará – Pecém, as a Geographically atractive one, for implementation – local conditions register a 90% favorable sea conditions.
Finantial suport from currentHarbor area investments
Environmentally andAesthetically integrated andlocal acceptance
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
Project Advantages:
With the projectimplementation it willmake availableinnovative NationalTechnology to guarantee this energyresource at lower costsbecause of royalty freeconditions.
TechnologicalAutonomy for futherproject innovation
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
What are the Initial Investments?The Pilot Plant - 7 millions US$The energy produced has not been calculated yet, aswe are dealing with the prototype in construction
It has started to be built at March 2009, the deadline goalis to have it working in 3 years from that (2012);
At the end of December (2010) when assembly will be concluded, it will start to be adjusted to generate energy.
Gen
eral
Info
rmat
ion
How will this energy be distributed?
At the beginning it will have the mission addressed to illuminate the Harbor Area, nevertheless, it is planned to expand and be connected to the energy distribution grid
Pilot Plant for Clean Energy from Waves in Brazil -COPPE/UFRJ Tractebel Energia/ANEEL-Eletrobrás
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
Pilot Plant for Clean Energy from Waves in Brazil -COPPE/UFRJ Tractebel Energia/ANEEL-Eletrobrás
Other Details & Advantages
Gen
eral
Info
rmat
ion Designed with a multifunctional purpose –
special device system of high pressure (reverse osmoses)in order to also be used to desalinize water.
The Project was designed with a modularity strategy in order to be upgradable.The current full scale prototype has:27 x 25 meters.
Designed to generate 1000kW (1MW), atCeará, it will be approximately 27 x 150 m
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
Other Details & Advantages
Gen
eral
Info
rmat
ion
Pilot Plant for Clean Energy from Waves in Brazil -COPPE/UFRJ Tractebel Energia/ANEEL-Eletrobrás
Designed to be easily integrated into local morphology.
Designed to minimize CO 2 Emissions in Life Cycle use phase.
Designed to reduce or neutralize aesthetic interventions and considering compatible use of site and local environmental characteristics
Other Potential Benefits: Strategic for small Islands , military old fortifications and historical landmarks near seacoast area and local eco-tourism
Other Details & Advantages
Pilot Plant for Clean Energy from Waves in Brazil -COPPE/UFRJ Tractebel Energia/ANEEL-Eletrobrás
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
BioFuel – Third Generation
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Approved area for cultivation of Kappaphycus alvaresi in Brazil: from Ubatuba(São Paulo) until Sepetiba Bay (Rio de Janeiro).
Macroalgae Project- COPPE-UFRJ SAGE- Dejair de Pontes Souza – contact: [email protected]
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Macroalgae Project
3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
AquaculturePrimary process
Separation
Dry
Liquidconcentrated
isotônic
Chemical hydrolisis
EnzymaticHydrolisis
FermentationSedimenttion
destilation
separation Purification
ethanol
ResidualBiomass(energy
generation)
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Macroalgae Production ChainCO2
Algae triturationIn
dust
rial P
roce
ssin
g
Prim
ary
Proc
essi
ng
CarragenaAgar-agar
ProteinSais
Organic Products
Bio-plastics
Fine Chemicsorganics
Proc
essa
men
tode
de
riva
dos
de q
uím
ica
fina
Freshalgae
Algas secas –in naturaUS$3/kg:Contendo:50-60%-Galactana15% celulose5% sais0,5% ácidos graxos
Macroalgae Project3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
4. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Brazil’s Energy Challenges 3. OCEAN RENEWABLE SOURCES RESEARCH IN BRAZIL
Growth in demandEfficiency ImprovementsPrice Volatility
Energy Security
EconomicProductivity
Secure SupplySecure DistributionReliabilityAlternatives
VulnerabilitiesAnd
opportunities
Environmental Impacts-Carbon
Mitigation-Land and Water Use
Brazil's Economic Planning and growth
Increased number of consumer products access
Increased number of vehicles
High Energy Intensity Industries
Fossil Fuels –Pre-Sal
LCAAnd
Improvements
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Tech
nolo
gica
l an
d S
ocia
l C
hang
es
Iden
tific
atio
n of
op
portu
nitie
s
Some insights about Brazil’s Energy Scenario
How to Discuss the
Energy Matrix in Brazil?
What style of economic increase do we have, we need and what we want
Should we accept Brazil’s role of high energy intensity commodities producer?
If we consider that scenario, Brazil will be facing some bottlenecks and conflicts because of this policy choice
4. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Some insights about Brazil’s Energy Scenario
How to support
The continued
research inrenewables
How to Progressively introduce Multiple Renewables Technologies , their combination, considering investments, environmental and social issues
The progressive need for LCA for each energy power plant, considering CO2 capture and storage and other relevant impacts to be managed
The need of Clean Production and Improovedtechnologies for industry
4. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
Some insights about Brazil’s Energy Scenario
Local Empowerment and synergies
Political Will to introduce renewables and their combination on the Brazilian Matrix
Improving efficiency of power generation and society cultural acceptance to efficiency and conservation programs
4. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
DHRIMA- Department of Environment and Water Resources -Suzana Gueiros - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro _ UFRJ
The State of Art of Renewable Marine Energy and the Environment in Brazil
Contacts:
Suzana Gueiros [email protected]@cos.ufrj.br
Wave Pilot Power PlantProfessor Segen Stefen (LTS- COPPE-UFRJ)Paulo Roberto – [email protected](LTS –COPPE- UFRJ)Andrew ( Coppetec- COPPE- UFRJ)www.lts.coppe.ufrj.br
Macro algae ProjectDejair de Pontes Souza (SAGES –COPPE- UFRJ)
Thank you!