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the study of space, stars, galaxies, planets, etc.
the study of space, stars, galaxies, planets, etc.
In your notebook (on a piece of paper), define, describe or sketch today’s vocabulary—use pages 630-633
• astronomy
• rotation
• tilt
• axis
• day/night
• revolution
• orbit
• elliptical
• gravity
• inertia
• season
• equinox
• solstice
• AC: also read pages 613-633
Rotation=SPIN(1 rotation=1 day=24 hours for Earth)
Earth is tilted on its axis at 23.5 degrees (why we have seasons)
Day/night animation: http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0404/es0404page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
DAY
NIGHT
Revolution=movement around another object
Ex: one revolution/orbit around the sun=1 year=365.25 daysEx: one revolution/orbit of the moon around the Earth=1 month
orbit is thePATH the planet(or moon) takesas it revolves
shape of orbit iscircular or elliptical (oval)
Note: all of ourplanets revolvecounterclockwise
Earth in Space
Earth
causing causing
revolvesrotates
YearsDay and night
On its axisAround the sun
INERTIA
--elliptical Brainpop: NewtonBrainpop: Gravity
GRAVITY depends on: MASS and DISTANCE
Earth in Space
March=Vernal Equinox September=Autumnal Equinox
June=Summer Solstice December=Winter Solstice
Brainpop: SeasonsBrainpop: Equinox
& Solstice
Make a bridge map about rotation and revolution:
Review from Day #1, then quiz
• astronomy
• rotation
• tilt
• axis
• day/night
• revolution
• orbit
• elliptical
• gravity
• inertia
• season
• equinox
• solstice
In your notebook (on a piece of paper), define, describe or sketch today’s vocabulary—use page 555 & 600
• theory
• Geocentric model
• Heliocentric model
• Big Bang
• universe
• galaxy
• solar system
• AC: also read pages 601-603
Theories about the center of the universe— make a double bubble
• Geocentric– EARTH centered
– (sun, moon, stars, planets revolve around Earth)
– Believed until 1500 AD
– Early cultures and Ptolemy
• Heliocentric– Sun centered
– (planets and comets revolve around the sun)
– 1500 AD to present
– Copernicus*, Galileo, Kepler, Newton
Are either correct?—Helio is mostly correct
A theory is an explanation of related observations.
Ptolemaic theory
(geocentric)
Copernicus’s theory
(heliocentric)
Review question
• What did the geocentric theory state? Is this theory correct?
• >>Earth is at the center of the solar system
• (incorrect)
Big Bang Theory(theory of the formation of the Universe --1950)
• matter, time and energy were compressed into an extremely small ball (very unstable)
• exploded about 13-14 BILLION years ago
• DYK: Every hour the Universe expands by a billion miles in all directions.
Brainpop: Big Bang
• Brainpop: Galileo
• Discuss:– Universe
– Galaxy
– Solar System
– Planets
• make a space timeline:http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/chronology.html
In your notebook (on a piece of paper), define, describe or sketch today’s vocabulary—use
pages 596-7 and page 569
• galaxy
• spiral
• Milky Way
• Local Group
• AC: also read page 582-599
Image from Hubble Telescope
Galaxy (Brainpop)
• a large group of gas, dust, and millions/billions of stars.
3 main shapes :
• SPIRAL— Ex: Milky Way
• Elliptical —older stars
• Irregular--younger
The Milky Way--Brainpop
Milky Way Galaxy (about 100-300 billion stars)(ly=light year=DISTANCE light travels in 1 year=6 trillion miles)
• about 100,000 ly wide and about 2,000 ly thick
• we are 30,000 ly from the center (or 250 million billion km)
• takes us 230 million years to make one orbit (revolution)
• Our closest galaxy is Andromeda Galaxy (2 million ly away)
Contains oldest stars
Spiraling arms
DYK: If every star in the Milky Way was a grain of salt, they
would fill an Olympic sized swimming pool.
Milky Way as seen from Earth
• Our solar system is located in the Milky Way. Which one of the following statements best describes the Milky Way?
– A. a nebula containing about 200 billion stars
– B. a spiral galaxy containing about 200 billion stars
– C. an irregular galaxy containing about 200 billionstars
– D. an elliptical galaxy containing about 200 billionstars
• Where in the Milky Way is our solar system located?
– A. in the center of the Milky Way
– B. in a nebula in the Milky Way
– C. in a spiral arm of the Milky Way
– D. in a nova in the Milky Way
Questions
• To what does the Big Bang refer?
• an explanation of how the universe began
• (AC) The North Star (Polaris) is 4.08 x 1012 km from Earth. What is this number written in its long form?
• 4,080,000,000,000 km
Galaxies exist in groups called
CLUSTERS• Our Milky Way
belongs to a cluster of 32 galaxies called the Local Group.
• The Milky Way is the second largest galaxy in this group (Andromeda is the largest).
• Clusters group together to form superclusters.
Great website that shows how big the Universe is
• Secret World
Day #4
Astronomy—Solar System Intro
Review vocab from days 2-3, then quiz
• theory
• Geocentric model
• Heliocentric model
• Big Bang
• universe
• galaxy
• solar system
• Milky Way
• spiral
• galaxy
• Local Group
Review Questions
• Which object is the largest: Earth, the sun, the Milky Way Galaxy, supergiant star?
• >>the Milky Way Galaxy
• Where in the Milky Way Galaxy is the solar system found?
• >>in an outer arm
• A light year is a unit of _________.
• >>distance
Our Solar System(includes the sun, 8 planets and their moons,
asteroids, comets, meteoroids & other smaller objects)
SUPERGIANTS
GIANTS
(on Orion’s shoulder)
Our star, THE SUN• yellow• middle-aged• medium-sized• surface temperature of about 6000°C• medium brightness
Planets—make a double bubble
• Inner Planets
• also called terrestrial
planets
• small, dense and
rocky
• no rings
• Mercury
• Venus
• Earth
• Mars
• Outer Planets
• also called gas giants
• all have moons
• all have at least one
ring
• Jupiter
• Saturn
• Uranus
• Neptune
Relative size of the planets
Brainpops—as time permits
• Black Holes
• Life Cycle of Stars
• Outer Solar System
• Constellations
